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Yin H, Liu F, Abdiryim T, Chen J, Liu X. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and MXene reinforced multifunctional conductive hydrogels for multimodal sensors and flexible supercapacitors. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121677. [PMID: 38171688 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the growing demand for eco-friendly materials in wearable smart electronic devices, renewable, biocompatible, and low-cost hydrogels based on natural polymers have attracted much attention. Cellulose, as one of the renewable and degradable natural polymers, shows great potential in wearable smart electronic devices. Multifunctional conductive cellulose-based hydrogels are designed for flexible electronic devices by adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and MXene into polyacrylic acid networks. The multifunctional hydrogels possess excellent mechanical property (stress: 310 kPa; strain: 1127 %), toughness (206.67 KJ m-3), conductivity (1.09 ± 0.12 S m-1) and adhesion (82.19 ± 3.65 kPa). The multifunctional conductive hydrogels serve as strain sensors (Gauge Factor (GF) = 5.79, 0-700 % strain; GF = 14.0, 700-900 % strain; GF = 40.36, 900-1000 % strain; response time: 300 ms; recovery time: 200 ms) and temperature sensors (Temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) = 2.5755 °C-1 at 35 °C- 60 °C). The sensor detects human activities with clear and steady signals. A distributed array of flexible sensors is created to measure the magnitude and distribution of pressure and a hydrogel-based flexible touch keyboard is also fabricated to recognize writing trajectories, pressures and speeds. Furthermore, a flexible hydrogel-based supercapacitor powers the LED and exhibits good cyclic stability over 15,000 charge-discharge cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Fangfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Tursun Abdiryim
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Jiaying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Xiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China.
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A Metal Ion and Thermal-Responsive Bilayer Hydrogel Actuator Achieved by the Asymmetric Osmotic Flow of Water between Two Layers under Stimuli. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194019. [PMID: 36235968 PMCID: PMC9570860 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Shape-morphing hydrogels have drawn great attention due to their wide applications as soft actuators, while asymmetric responsive shape-morphing behavior upon encountering external stimuli is fundamental for the development of hydrogel actuators. Therefore, in this work, bilayer hydrogels were prepared and the shrinkage ratios (LA/LN) of the AAm/AAc layer to the NIPAM layer immersed in different metal ion solutions, leading to bending in different directions, were investigated. The difference in the shrinkage ratio was attributed to the synergistic effect of the osmolarity difference between the inside and outside of the hydrogels and the interaction difference between the ion and hydrogel polymer chains. Additionally, under thermal stimuli, the hydrogel actuator would bend toward the NIPAM layer due to the shrinkage of the hydrogel networks caused by the hydrophilic–hydrophobic phase transition of NIPAM blocks above the LCST. This indicates that metal ion and thermal-responsive shape-morphing hydrogel actuators with good mechanical properties could be used as metal ion or temperature-controllable switches or other smart devices.
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Boztepe C, Daskin M, Erdogan A, Sarici T. Preparation of poly(acrylamide‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropan sulfonic acid)‐g‐Carboxymethyl cellulose/Titanium dioxide hydrogels and modeling of their swelling capacity and mechanic strength behaviors by response surface method technique. POLYM ENG SCI 2021; 61:2083-2096. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIt is very important that new generation, unique, high mechanical strength, and biocompatible hydrogel composites are developed due to their potential to be used as biomaterials in the biomedical field. Modeling of the swelling capacity and mechanical strength behavior of hydrogels is a domain of steadily increasing academic and industrial importance. These behaviors are difficult to model accurately due to hydrogels show very complex behavior depending on the content. In this study, a series of poly(acrylamide‐co‐2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropan sulfonic acid)‐g‐carboxymethyl cellulose/TiO2 (poly(AAm‐co‐AMPS)‐g‐CMC/TiO2) superabsorbent hydrogel composites were prepared by free‐radical graft copolymerization in aqueous solution. Structural and surface morphology characterizations were conducted by using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis techniques. For modeling the equilibrium swelling capacity and fracture strength behaviors of hydrogels, the composition parameters (such as mole ratio of AMPS/AAm, wt% of CMC, and wt% of TiO2) was proposed by response surface method (RSM) Design Expert‐10 software. Statistical parameters showed that the RSM model has good performance in modeling the swelling capacity and mechanic fracture strength behaviors of poly(AAm‐co‐AMPS)‐g‐CMC/TiO2 hydrogel composites. According to the RSM model results, the maximum swelling capacity and fracture strength values were calculated as 270.39 g water/g polymer and 159.23 kPa, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihangir Boztepe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Mahmut Daskin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Ahmet Erdogan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Talha Sarici
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Inonu University Malatya Turkey
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Shao Z, Wu S, Zhang Q, Xie H, Xiang T, Zhou S. Salt-responsive polyampholyte-based hydrogel actuators with gradient porous structures. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01492c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A polyampholyte-based hydrogel actuator with water-responsive shape deformation was fabricated, and the gradient distribution of chemical composition was proved by micro-FTIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Shao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Hui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Tao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Shaobing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
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Sun P, Zhang H, Xu D, Wang Z, Wang L, Gao G, Hossain G, Wu J, Wang R, Fu J. Super tough bilayer actuators based on multi-responsive hydrogels crosslinked by functional triblock copolymer micelle macro-crosslinkers. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2619-2625. [PMID: 32254994 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intelligent hydrogels responsive to external stimuli have been widely studied due to their great potentials for applications in artificial muscles, soft robotics, sensors and actuators. However, the weak mechanical properties, narrow response range, and slow response speed of many responsive hydrogels have hindered practical applications. In this paper, tough multi-responsive hydrogels were synthesized by using vinyl-functionalized triblock copolymer micelles as macro-crosslinkers and N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylamide (AAm) or 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane-sulfonic acid (AMPS) as monomers. The P(NIPAM-co-AAm) hydrogels presented tensile strength of up to 1.6 MPa and compressive strength of up to 127 MPa and were tunable by changing their formulations. Moreover, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the thermosensitive hydrogels was manipulated in a wide range by changing the molar ratio of NIPAM to AAm. Responsive hydrogel bilayers were fabricated through a two-step synthesis. A second layer of P(DMAEMA-co-AMPS) was synthesized on the first P(NIPAM-co-AAm) layer to obtain a bilayer hydrogel, which was responsive to temperature, pH and ionic strength changes to undergo fast and reversible shape transformation in a few minutes. This kind of strong and tough multi-responsive hydrogel device has broad prospects in soft actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu No. 1 Road, Wuhan 430205, China.
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Xue F, He X, Cai S, Nie J, Shi Z, Wang X. Synergistic effect of graphene oxide and sodium carboxymethylcellulose on the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xue
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China
| | - Xianru He
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China
| | - Shuwei Cai
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China
| | - Jun Nie
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China
| | - Zhengren Shi
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China
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Shang J, Theato P. Smart composite hydrogel with pH-, ionic strength- and temperature-induced actuation. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8401-8407. [PMID: 30311935 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01728j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A facile and versatile photo-patterning method to fabricate "smart" hydrogels with defined lateral and vertical inhomogeneity of hydrogel composition and dimensions has been developed via generating programmable composite hydrogels and bilayer hydrogels based on thermal and ionic strength-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and pH-sensitive poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels. These hydrogels are capable of responding to triple-stimuli and inducing reversible "on" and "off" states upon external stimulation due to abrupt volume changes of the responsive hydrogel networks. Moreover, the composite and bilayer hydrogels show a reversible and repeatable direction-controllable bending behavior upon variation of temperature, ionic strength and pH, which is the result of the structural inhomogeneity and the modulation of the hydrogel solvation state in response to these changes. Importantly, different bending behaviors can be structurally programmed by controlling the patterned components, which undergo different swelling or shrinkage and further generate asymmetric internal stresses within the composite hydrogels in a specific manner. Additionally, such asymmetric internal stresses drive the shape deformations of the composite hydrogels, which are promising for potential applications in soft robots and actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Shang
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany and Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesser Str. 18, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany and Institute for Biological Interfaces III, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Yang J, Li Y, Zhu L, Qin G, Chen Q. Double network hydrogels with controlled shape deformation: A mini review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Henan Polytechnic University; Jiaozuo 454003 China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Henan Polytechnic University; Jiaozuo 454003 China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Henan Polytechnic University; Jiaozuo 454003 China
| | - Gang Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Henan Polytechnic University; Jiaozuo 454003 China
| | - Qiang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Henan Polytechnic University; Jiaozuo 454003 China
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Lee K, Kim HJ, Jung D, Oh Y, Lee H, Han C, Chang JY, Kim H. Rapid Accessible Fabrication and Engineering of Bilayered Hydrogels: Revisiting the Cross-Linking Effect on Superabsorbent Poly(acrylic acid). ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3096-3103. [PMID: 31458571 PMCID: PMC6641435 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Superabsorbent hydrogels are significant not only in materials science but also in industries and daily life, being used in diapers or soil conditioners as typical examples. The main feature of these materials is their capacity to hold considerable amount of water, which is strongly dependent on the cross-linking density. This study focuses on the preparation of hydrogels by reweighing the effect of cross-linking density on physical properties, which provides green fabrication of bilayered hydrogels that consist of homogeneous structural motifs but show programmed responses via sequential radical polymerization. In particular, when two hydrogel layers containing different cross-linking densities are joined together, an integrated linear bilayer shows heterogeneous deformation triggered by water. We monitor the linear hydrogel bilayer bending into a circle and engineer it by incorporating disperse dyes, changing colors as well as physical properties. In addition, we demonstrate an electric circuit switch using a patterned hydrogel. Anisotropic shape change of the polyelectrolyte switch closes an open circuit and lights a light-emitting diode in red. This proposed fabrication and engineering can be expanded to other superabsorbent systems and create smart responses in cross-linked systems for biomedical or environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung
Min Lee
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hea Ji Kim
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Doyoung Jung
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Yuree Oh
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Basic
Materials and Chemicals R&D, LG Chem, Ltd, R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Moonji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Korea
| | - Changsun Han
- Basic
Materials and Chemicals R&D, LG Chem, Ltd, R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Moonji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Korea
| | - Ji Young Chang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- School
of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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Zhou X, Li T, Wang J, Chen F, Zhou D, Liu Q, Li B, Cheng J, Zhou X, Zheng B. Mechanochemical Regulated Origami with Tough Hydrogels by Ion Transfer Printing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:9077-9084. [PMID: 29465225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels that undergo programmable shape deformation are of great importance for a wide variety of applications spanning from soft robotics and biomedical devices to tissue engineering and drug delivery. To guide shape morphing, anisotropic elements need to be encoded into the hydrogels during fabrication, which are extremely difficult to alter afterward. This study reports a simple and reliable mechanochemical regulation strategy to postengineer the hydrogels by encoding structures of high stiffness locally into prestretched tough hydrogels through ion transfer printing with a paper-cut. During printing, trivalent ions (Fe3+) were patterned and diffused into the prestretched tough gels, which dramatically increased the local stiffness by forming the second trivalent ionically cross-linked network. By removing the applied stretching force, the stiff anisotropy-encoded prestretched tough hydrogels underwent programmable shape morphing into complex three-dimensional origami structures due to the stiffness mismatch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T. , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Tianzhen Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Fan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T. , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Baijia Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Jingyue Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T. , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
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Mira A, Mateo CR, Mallavia R, Falco A. Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and ethyl monoester as building polymers for drug-loadable electrospun nanofibers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17205. [PMID: 29222482 PMCID: PMC5722912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New biomaterials are sought for the development of bioengineered nanostructures. In the present study, electrospun nanofibers have been synthesized by using poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) and poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic ethyl monoester) (PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES, respectively) as building polymers for the first time. To further functionalize these materials, nanofibers of PMVEMA-Ac and PMVEMA-ES containing a conjugated polyelectrolyte (HTMA-PFP, blue emitter, and HTMA-PFNT, red emitter) were achieved with both forms maintaining a high solid state fluorescence yield without altered morphology. Also, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was incorporated within these nanofibers, where it remained chemically stable. In all cases, nanofiber diameters were less than 150 nm as determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and encapsulation efficiency of 5-ALA was 97 ± 1% as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Both polymeric matrices showed rapid release kinetics in vertical cells (Franz cells) and followed Higuchi kinetics. In addition, no toxicity of nanofibers, in the absence of light, was found in HaCaT and SW480 cell lines. Finally, it was shown that loaded 5-ALA was functional, as it was internalized by cells in nanofiber-treated cultures and served as a substrate for the generation of protoporphyrin IX, suggesting these pharmaceutical vehicles are suitable for photodynamic therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Mira
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
| | - Alberto Falco
- Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain.
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