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Xie X, Yang J, Lu Y, Shi Y, Pan J, Qu H. LAMAIS: A library-aided approach for efficient 1D 1H NMR qualitative analysis in plant metabolomics. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1326:343100. [PMID: 39260912 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.343100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1D 1H NMR) spectroscopy is a non-destructive, non-targeted analytical technique providing both qualitative and quantitative insights, particularly beneficial for mixture analysis. However, the qualitative analysis of 1D 1H NMR spectra for mixture samples is laborious and time-consuming, involving extensive database searches and verification experiments like spiking. This process heavily relies on the analyst's expertise, leading to efficiency discrepancies. There is a pressing need for a reliable method to streamline operations and enhance the efficiency of qualitative analysis in complex mixtures. RESULTS We introduce a library-aided method for spectral profiling, named LAMAIS. This method achieves compound identification through similarity assessment between samples and template data, allowing rapid, automatic compound identification and full-spectrum peak assignment without the need for fitting. LAMAIS correctly identifies over 90 % of components in synthetic mixtures and more than 75 % in experimental mixtures, surpassing other representative methods with a higher F2 score. Our reference library, which currently includes 71 compounds, is tailored to capture the commonality of primary metabolites across diverse plant species. The analysis of real-world samples yielded encouraging results, underscoring LAMAIS's versatility as an auxiliary tool suitable for a variety of botanical sources. For analyst convenience, interactive graphics are utilized as the output format. SIGNIFICANCE LAMAIS excels, demonstrating competitiveness and reliability. The approach minimizes repetitive tasks and sample wastage, improving the efficiency of 1D 1H NMR qualitative analysis. Constructing a reference library effectively preserves knowledge, mitigates reliance on human experience, and addresses gaps in the analysis of plant source samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Xie
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiayu Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuting Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yingting Shi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianyang Pan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haibin Qu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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2
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Ma X, Li C, Zhang J, Xin J, Mosongo I, Yang J, Hu K. Monosaccharide composition analysis by 2D quantitative gsHSQC i. Carbohydr Res 2024; 541:109168. [PMID: 38833821 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties and biological activities of polysaccharides depend on their structures. Monosaccharide composition analysis is indispensable for the structural characterization of polysaccharides and is helpful in the quality control of polysaccharide preparation. Here, using a model mixture and tamarind seed polysaccharide as examples, we demonstrated that a quantitative 2D NMR method, gsHSQCi (three gradient-selective Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence spectra acquired with incremented repetition times, i = 1, 2, 3) can directly quantify a variety of monosaccharides in solution with adequate precision and accuracy, requiring no derivatization, postprocessing steps and column separation. Both anomeric and non-anomeric signals of monosaccharides can be utilized for content determination. More accurate quantification of fructose in a mixture containing nine monosaccharides is obtained, which is difficult to achieve by quantitative 1D 1HNMR and the common PMP-HPLC method (high-performance liquid chromatography through pre-column derivatization with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone) due to the peak overlapping and the poor derivatization efficiency, respectively. The results also revealed that Na[Fe(EDTA)] can serve as a proper relaxation-enhancing agent for saccharide samples to save experimental time. We expect that this approach can be applied as an alternative to analyzing the monosaccharide composition and be helpful in interpreting the structure of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Caihong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Junyin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Jiang Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Isidore Mosongo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
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3
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Ma Y, Chen Z, Chen R, Wang Z, Zhang S, Chen J. Probing molecular interactions of amylose-morin complex and their effect on antioxidant capacity by 2D solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Food Chem 2023; 415:135693. [PMID: 36857873 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of polyphenols and starch significantly governed the further applications on polyphenol-starchy foods. Elucidation of inter-molecular interaction is, however, a challenge because conventional characterizations could not detect the change of micro-environment caused by weak interactions. Herein, a facile strategy for molecular detection of amylose-polyphenol interactions was reported using two-dimensional solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Amylose-morin complex was prepared and characterized using 1H NMR, FT-IR, DSC, XRD and SEM. Significantly, variation of chemical shifts, splitted peaks and peak width, monitored by 13C CP/MAS and 1H NMR spectra, identified the strong inter-molecular interaction and binding sites. Furthermore, correlated signals from 1H-13C HETCOR confirmed the binding sites of interactions. These findings confirmed the interaction was inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, which generated between hydroxy-3,5,7 of morin and hydroxy groups of amylose. Besides, DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power assay indicated inter-molecular hydrogen bonds are not strong enough to interfere antioxidant capacity of morin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Zidi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Ruixi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shenggui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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4
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Ma Y, Chen Z, Wang Z, Chen R, Zhang S. Molecular interactions between apigenin and starch with different amylose/amylopectin ratios revealed by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and solid-state NMR. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 310:120737. [PMID: 36925233 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Starch can readily form complexes with polyphenols. However, its two components, namely amylose and amylopectin, differ significantly in their ability to complex with phenolic compounds. Given that the mechanism of their interaction is still poorly studied, this work investigated intermolecular interactions between apigenin and starch with different amylose/amylopectin ratios using 1H NMR, FT-IR, XRD, DSC and solid-state NMR. Results showed that corn starch with high amylose/amylopectin ratios had a better complexing ability and higher complexing index with apigenin than amylopectin. Besides, solid-state NMR suggested that the molecular mechanism behind the strong intermolecular interactions between corn starch and apigenin involved hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, the detailed binding sites of hydrogen bonds, that linked by hydroxyl-starch and phenyl-apigenin were also confirmed by 1H13C heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) spectra. This study revealed the molecular mechanism on amylose/amylopectin complexing with apigenin and provides a theoretical basis for further developing polyphenols in starchy food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Zidi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Ruixi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Shenggui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China.
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5
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Cha JW, Kim MS, Park JS. A Single-Scan Ultraselective Heteronuclear Polarization Transfer Method for Unambiguous Complex Structure Assignment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202304196. [PMID: 37186340 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Complex nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of organic compounds containing multiple analogous substructures or mixtures pose a significant challenge to structural identification, thus resulting in frequent misassignment of structures. The GEMSTONE method, a single-scan technique that selectively excites a specific proton signal among the crowded NMR signals, was recently proposed as a solution. However, its extension to the polarization transfer method for heteronuclear spin systems was unsuccessful. Here, we present an extension method that addresses the altered heteronuclear polarization transfer efficiency and enables the acquisition of ultraselective 13C and 1H-13C correlation NMR subspectra with hertz-level signal selectivity in both dimensions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique in the structural analysis of a chromopeptide pharmaceutical and a diastereomeric mixture fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wook Cha
- KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Natural Product Informatics Research Center, 679 Saimdang-ro, 25451, Gangneung, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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6
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Bacalzo N, Couture G, Chen Y, Castillo JJ, Phillips KM, Fukagawa NK, Lebrilla CB. Quantitative Bottom-Up Glycomic Analysis of Polysaccharides in Food Matrices Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1008-1015. [PMID: 36542787 PMCID: PMC9850401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecules in nature, and specifically, polysaccharides are present in almost all plants and fungi. Due to their compositional diversity, polysaccharide analysis remains challenging. Compared to other biomolecules, high-throughput analysis for carbohydrates has yet to be developed. To address this gap in analytical science, we have developed a multiplexed, high-throughput, and quantitative approach for polysaccharide analysis in foods. Specifically, polysaccharides were depolymerized using a nonenzymatic chemical digestion process followed by oligosaccharide fingerprinting using high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Both label-free relative quantitation and absolute quantitation were done based on the abundances of oligosaccharides produced. Method validation included evaluating recovery for a range of polysaccharide standards and a breakfast cereal standard reference material. Nine polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, β-glucan, mannan, galactan, arabinan, xylan, xyloglucan, chitin) were successfully quantitated with sufficient accuracy (5-25% bias) and high reproducibility (2-15% CV). Additionally, the method was used to identify and quantitate polysaccharides from a diverse sample set of food samples. Absolute concentrations of nine polysaccharides from apples and onions were obtained using an external calibration curve, where varietal differences were observed in some of the samples. The methodology developed in this study will provide complementary polysaccharide-level information to deepen our understanding of the interactions of dietary polysaccharides, gut microbial community, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita
P. Bacalzo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Garret Couture
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ye Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Juan J. Castillo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | | | - Naomi K. Fukagawa
- Beltsville
Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA Agricultural
Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Carlito B. Lebrilla
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California—Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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7
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Recent advances in qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides in natural medicines: A critical review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 220:115016. [PMID: 36030753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from natural medicines, being safe and effective natural mixtures, show great potential to be developed into botanical drugs. However, there is yet one polysaccharide-based case that has fulfilled the Botanical Guidance definition of a botanical drug product. One of the reasons is the analytical methods commonly used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides fall far behind the quality control criteria of botanical drugs. Here we systemically reviewed the recent advances in analytical methods. A critical evaluation of the strength and weaknesses of these methods was provided, together with possible solutions to the difficulties. Mass spectrometry with or without robust chromatographic separation was increasingly employed. And scientists have made significant progress in simplifying polysaccharide quantification by depolymerizing it into oligosaccharides. This oligosaccharides-based strategy is promising for qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides. And continuous efforts are still needed to develop a standardized quality control method that is specific, accurate, repeatable, and applicable for analyzing individual components in natural medicine formulas.
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8
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Rossetto G, Kiraly P, Castañar L, Morris GA, Nilsson M. Improved Quantification by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Fatty Acid Ester Composition of Extra Virgin Olive Oils. ACS FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 2:1237-1242. [PMID: 36034339 PMCID: PMC9396653 DOI: 10.1021/acsfoodscitech.2c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rossetto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
| | - Peter Kiraly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
| | - Laura Castañar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
| | - Gareth A. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
| | - Mathias Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
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De Caroli M, Rampino P, Pecatelli G, Girelli CR, Fanizzi FP, Piro G, Lenucci MS. Expression of Exogenous GFP-CesA6 in Tobacco Enhances Cell Wall Biosynthesis and Biomass Production. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081139. [PMID: 36009766 PMCID: PMC9405164 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cellulose is synthesized at the plasma membrane by an enzymatic complex constituted by different cellulose synthase (CesA) proteins. The overexpression of CesA genes has been assessed for increasing cellulose biosynthesis and plant biomass. In this study, we analyzed transgenic tobacco plants (F31 line), stably expressing the Arabidopsis CesA6 fused to GFP, for possible variations in the cellulose biosynthesis. We found that F31 plants were bigger than the wild-type (wt), showing significant increases of stem height, root length, and leaf area. They bloomed about 3 weeks earlier and yielded more flowers and seeds than wt. In the F31 leaves, the expression of the exogenous GFP-CesA6 prompted the overexpression of all CesAs involved in the synthesis of primary cell wall cellulose and of other proteins responsible for plant cell wall building and remodeling. Instead, secondary cell wall CesAs were not affected. In the F31 stem, showing a 3.3-fold increase of the secondary xylem thickness, both primary and secondary CesAs expression was differentially modulated. Significantly, the amounts of cellulose and matrix polysaccharides increased in the transformed seedlings. The results evidence the potentiality to overexpress primary CesAs in tobacco for biomass production increase. Abstract Improved cellulose biosynthesis and plant biomass represent important economic targets for several biotechnological applications including bioenergy and biofuel production. The attempts to increase the biosynthesis of cellulose by overexpressing CesAs proteins, components of the cellulose synthase complex, has not always produced consistent results. Analyses of morphological and molecular data and of the chemical composition of cell walls showed that tobacco plants (F31 line), stably expressing the Arabidopsis CesA6 fused to GFP, exhibits a “giant” phenotype with no apparent other morphological aberrations. In the F31 line, all evaluated growth parameters, such as stem and root length, leaf size, and lignified secondary xylem, were significantly higher than in wt. Furthermore, F31 line exhibited increased flower and seed number, and an advance of about 20 days in the anthesis. In the leaves of F31 seedlings, the expression of primary CesAs (NtCesA1, NtCesA3, and NtCesA6) was enhanced, as well as of proteins involved in the biosynthesis of non-cellulosic polysaccharides (xyloglucans and galacturonans, NtXyl4, NtGal10), cell wall remodeling (NtExp11 and XTHs), and cell expansion (NtPIP1.1 and NtPIP2.7). While in leaves the expression level of all secondary cell wall CesAs (NtCesA4, NtCesA7, and NtCesA8) did not change significantly, both primary and secondary CesAs were differentially expressed in the stem. The amount of cellulose and matrix polysaccharides significantly increased in the F31 seedlings with no differences in pectin and hemicellulose glycosyl composition. Our results highlight the potentiality to overexpress primary CesAs in tobacco plants to enhance cellulose synthesis and biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Caroli
- Correspondence: (M.D.C.); (G.P.); Tel.: +39-0832-298613 (M.D.C.); +39-0832-298611 (G.P.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gabriella Piro
- Correspondence: (M.D.C.); (G.P.); Tel.: +39-0832-298613 (M.D.C.); +39-0832-298611 (G.P.)
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Lin J, Jiao G, Kermanshahi-pour A. Algal Polysaccharides-Based Hydrogels: Extraction, Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:306. [PMID: 35621958 PMCID: PMC9146341 DOI: 10.3390/md20050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional crosslinked hydrophilic polymer networks with great potential in drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound dressing, agrochemicals application, food packaging, and cosmetics. However, conventional synthetic polymer hydrogels may be hazardous and have poor biocompatibility and biodegradability. Algal polysaccharides are abundant natural products with biocompatible and biodegradable properties. Polysaccharides and their derivatives also possess unique features such as physicochemical properties, hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and tunable functionality. As such, algal polysaccharides have been widely exploited as building blocks in the fabrication of polysaccharide-based hydrogels through physical and/or chemical crosslinking. In this review, we discuss the extraction and characterization of polysaccharides derived from algae. This review focuses on recent advances in synthesis and applications of algal polysaccharides-based hydrogels. Additionally, we discuss the techno-economic analyses of chitosan and acrylic acid-based hydrogels, drawing attention to the importance of such analyses for hydrogels. Finally, the future prospects of algal polysaccharides-based hydrogels are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Lin
- Biorefining and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington St., Halifax, NS B3J 1Z1, Canada;
| | - Guangling Jiao
- AKSO Marine Biotech Inc., Suite 3, 1697 Brunswick St., Halifax, NS B3J 2G3, Canada;
| | - Azadeh Kermanshahi-pour
- Biorefining and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington St., Halifax, NS B3J 1Z1, Canada;
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11
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Radziej S, Scherb-Forster J, Schlicht C, Eisenreich W. NMR-based identification of thickeners in membrane-filtered food premixtures. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-03998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPremixtures for food production are complex mixtures typically containing thickeners due to their water binding capacity. Here, we report an improved protocol for the fast identification of food thickeners by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The method is based on four steps: (i) dissolving of the dry premixture in water, (ii) centrifugation of the solution using centrifugal concentrators with a cut-off of 100 kDa, (iii) re-dissolving of the freeze-dried filtrate and the filter residue in small volumes of deuterated water, respectively, and (iv) 1H-NMR analysis of these fractions focusing on specific marker signals. Using this procedure, the high molecular weight thickeners (above 100 kDa) ĸ-carrageenan, galactomannans, gum arabic and pectin were unequivocally identified in the NMR spectra of the filter residues from different premixtures, whereas low molecular substances (below 100 kDa) including sucrose and glucose were determined in the filtrates.
Graphical abstract
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12
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Zuofa Z, Chao W, Weiming C, Tingting S, Guoying L. Effects of dehydration and extraction techniques on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of Oudemansiella radicata polysaccharides. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01154-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Hu S, Li Y, Nie C, Zhang J, Bai X, Wu H, Shen T, Hu W, Wang J. Structure and pro-inflammatory activities of bran polysaccharides from a novel wheat kernel. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14008. [PMID: 34811774 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the structure and pro-inflammatory activities of water-soluble wheat bran polysaccharides (WBP) were evaluated. WBP were heteropolysaccharides consisting 60.34% arabinoxylan as the main component and 31.80% mannose residues characterized with the instrumental analyses. The result of cellular experiment displayed that WBP had significant pro-inflammatory activities by increasing the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and up-regulating the inflammatory cytokine expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). WBP mediated macrophages RAW 264.7 pro-inflammatory response through phosphatidylinositol 3 hydroxykinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway by significantly promoting Akt and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) phosphorylations. Meanwhile, the expression of related phosphorylated proteins JNK and ERK1/2 was significantly up-regulated which suggested that WBP played pro-inflammatory roles by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In recent years, wheat bran generally has the phenomenon of high yield and low utilization rate. Wheat bran has rich nutritional value and contains a lot of effective biologically active substances. Based on our findings, the water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from wheat bran have significant effects on regulating immunity and can be utilized as sources of natural immune modulators. The research can develop new functions of wheat bran polysaccharides, and improve processing utilization rate and product added value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqian Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanru Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunling Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaofang Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Weicheng Hu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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14
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Effects of different depolymerisation methods on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of polysaccharides derived from Sparassis latifolia. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Uhliariková I, Matulová M, Capek P. Optimizing acid hydrolysis for monosaccharide compositional analysis of Nostoc cf. linckia acidic exopolysaccharide. Carbohydr Res 2021; 508:108400. [PMID: 34280803 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The exact estimation of monosaccharide composition is important in the primary structure elucidation of polysaccharides. An acid hydrolysis is usually performed for glycosidic bonds cleavage and releasing of monosaccharides. In this study, optimal conditions of total acid hydrolysis using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) of acidic lactylated Nostoc cf. linckia exopolysaccharide (EPS) were investigated by NMR spectroscopy. Results of a series of experiments with modified acid concentration, temperature and time of hydrolysis, have shown 2 M TFA, 110 °C, 3 h as the most optimal. The stability of EPS monosaccharide components was also explored. Low stability was found at all tested conditions already during the first hour of hydrolysis; all neutral monosaccharides were degraded from 25% to 40% and glucuronic acid to 75%. NMR, contrary to standard techniques used in monosaccharide compositional analysis (HPLC, HPAEC), allowed simultaneous quantification of all GlcA forms; the free one, that one linked in oligosaccharides, as well as GlcA degradation product γ-lactone. NMR as detection method improves information about uronic acid content in EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Uhliariková
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta, 9, 84538, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Mária Matulová
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta, 9, 84538, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Capek
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta, 9, 84538, Bratislava, Slovakia
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16
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Liu H, Xu J, Xu X, Yuan Z, Song H, Yang L, Zhu D. Structure/function relationships of bean polysaccharides: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:330-344. [PMID: 34256630 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1946480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Beans are a rich source of high quality protein and oil, and have attracted increasing interest from both nutrition researchers and health-conscious consumers. This review aims to provide a foundation for the future research and development of bean polysaccharides, by summarizing the sources, structure, and functions of bioactive bean polysaccharides. Structure/function relationships are described, for biological activities, such as immunological, antioxidant and anti-diabetes. This will provide useful guidance for further optimization of polysaccharide structure and the development of bean polysaccharides as a novel functional material.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiheng Yuan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Lina Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Danshi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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17
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Pandeirada CO, Merkx DWH, Janssen HG, Westphal Y, Schols HA. TEMPO/NaClO 2/NaOCl oxidation of arabinoxylans. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117781. [PMID: 33674018 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
TEMPO-oxidation of neutral polysaccharides has been used to obtain polyuronides displaying improved functional properties. Although arabinoxylans (AX) from different sources may yield polyuronides with diverse properties due to their variable arabinose (Araf) substitution patterns, information of the TEMPO-oxidation of AX on its structure remains scarce. We oxidized AX using various TEMPO:NaClO2:NaOCl ratios. A TEMPO:NaClO2:NaOCl ratio of 1.0:2.6:0.4 per mol of Ara gave an oxidized-AX with high molecular weight, minimal effect on xylose appearance, and comprising charged side chains. Although NMR analyses unveiled arabinuronic acid (AraAf) as the only oxidation product in the oxidized-AX, accurate AraA quantification is still challenging. Linkage analysis showed that > 75 % of the β-(1→4)-xylan backbone remained single-substituted at position O-3 of Xyl similarly to native AX. TEMPO-oxidation of AX can be considered a promising approach to obtain arabinuronoxylans with a substitution pattern resembling its parental AX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina O Pandeirada
- Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Donny W H Merkx
- Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Unilever Foods Innovation Centre - Hive, Bronland 14, 6708 WH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Gerd Janssen
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre - Hive, Bronland 14, 6708 WH Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, P.O. Box 8026, 6700 EG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Westphal
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre - Hive, Bronland 14, 6708 WH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henk A Schols
- Wageningen University & Research, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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18
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Radhouani H, Correia S, Gonçalves C, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Synthesis and Characterization of Biocompatible Methacrylated Kefiran Hydrogels: Towards Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1342. [PMID: 33923932 PMCID: PMC8072540 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel application feasibility is still limited mainly due to their low mechanical strength and fragile nature. Therefore, several physical and chemical cross-linking modifications are being used to improve their properties. In this research, methacrylated Kefiran was synthesized by reacting Kefiran with methacrylic anhydride (MA). The developed MA-Kefiran was physicochemically characterized, and its biological properties evaluated by different techniques. Chemical modification of MA-Kefiran was confirmed by 1H-NMR and FTIR and GPC-SEC showed an average Mw of 793 kDa (PDI 1.3). The mechanical data obtained revealed MA-Kefiran to be a pseudoplastic fluid with an extrusion force of 11.21 ± 2.87 N. Moreover, MA-Kefiran 3D cryogels were successfully developed and fully characterized. Through micro-CT and SEM, the scaffolds revealed high porosity (85.53 ± 0.15%) and pore size (33.67 ± 3.13 μm), thick pore walls (11.92 ± 0.44 μm) and a homogeneous structure. Finally, MA-Kefiran revealed to be biocompatible by presenting no hemolytic activity and an improved cellular function of L929 cells observed through the AlamarBlue® assay. By incorporating methacrylate groups in the Kefiran polysaccharide chain, a MA-Kefiran product was developed with remarkable physical, mechanical, and biological properties, resulting in a promising hydrogel to be used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Radhouani
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.C.); (C.G.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Susana Correia
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.C.); (C.G.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gonçalves
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.C.); (C.G.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.C.); (C.G.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M. Oliveira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.C.); (C.G.); (R.L.R.); (J.M.O.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
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19
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Nandita E, Bacalzo NP, Ranque CL, Amicucci MJ, Galermo A, Lebrilla CB. Polysaccharide identification through oligosaccharide fingerprinting. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 257:117570. [PMID: 33541630 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of polysaccharide structures in complex samples remains a unique challenge complicated by the lack of specific tools for polymeric mixtures. In this work, we present a method that depolymerizes polysaccharides to generate diagnostic oligosaccharide markers that are then analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF MS). Rapid identification of food polysaccharides was performed by aligning the identified oligosaccharides with a library of oligosaccharide markers generated from standard polysaccharides. Measurements of standard and food polysaccharides were performed to obtain the contributions of the identified polysaccharides using percent peak coverage and angle cosine methods. The method was validated using a synthetic mixture of standard polysaccharides while the reproducibility was confirmed with experimental triplicates of butternut squash samples, where standard deviation was less than 3% for the relative abundance of oligosaccharides. The method was further employed to examine diverse set of food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshani Nandita
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nikita P Bacalzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Matthew J Amicucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ace Galermo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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20
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Radziej S, Scherb-Forster J, Schlicht C, Eisenreich W. Fast Identification of Food Thickeners by Nontargeted NMR-Spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3761-3775. [PMID: 33724804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Food thickeners are carbohydrate additives that can only be determined by long-term, multistep analysis. Fast methods to directly determine thickeners in food matrixes are therefore welcome. In this study, a rapid procedure based on the direct 1H NMR analysis of food samples dissolved in deuterated water was developed. Individual thickeners were assigned due to specific marker signals gleaned from two-dimensional NMR analyses. The combination of one-dimensional 1H NMR and DOSY experiments enabled unequivocal assignments of thickeners even in complex matrixes. Using this approach, gum arabic, carrageenan, agar-agar, galactomannans, and pectin could be identified in pastille, glaze, and fruit spread. Because of low concentrations (<0.5%-1%, w/w), the same thickeners and others such as xanthan gum and alginate could not be determined directly by NMR in curry sauce, rice pudding, choco milk drink, and lemon peel flavor. Moreover, NMR analyses of the hydrolysate did not reveal the specific monomeric units of the thickeners under study, as shown for the hydrolysate of lemon peel flavor. Nevertheless, the NMR approach could provide welcome means in the future to directly determine intact thickeners in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Radziej
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Veterinärstraße 2, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Julia Scherb-Forster
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Veterinärstraße 2, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Claus Schlicht
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Veterinärstraße 2, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Bavarian NMR Center - Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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21
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Yao HYY, Wang JQ, Yin JY, Nie SP, Xie MY. A review of NMR analysis in polysaccharide structure and conformation: Progress, challenge and perspective. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110290. [PMID: 33992390 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been widely used as an analytical chemistry technique to investigate the molecular structure and conformation of polysaccharides. Combined with 1D spectra, chemical shifts and coupling constants in both homo- and heteronuclear 2D NMR spectra are able to infer the linkage and sequence of sugar residues. Besides, NMR has also been applied in conformation, quantitative analysis, cell wall in situ, degradation, polysaccharide mixture interaction analysis, as well as carbohydrates impurities profiling. This review summarizes the principle and development of NMR in polysaccharides analysis, and provides NMR spectra data collections of some common polysaccharides. It will help to promote the application of NMR in complex polysaccharides of biochemical interest, and provide valuable information on commercial polysaccharide products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ying-Ye Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jun-Qiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
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22
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Decamp A, Michelo O, Rabbat C, Laroche C, Grizeau D, Pruvost J, Gonçalves O. A New, Quick, and Simple Protocol to Evaluate Microalgae Polysaccharide Composition. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020101. [PMID: 33578865 PMCID: PMC7916578 DOI: 10.3390/md19020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a new methodological approach, relying on the high specificity of enzymes in a complex mixture, was developed to estimate the composition of bioactive polysaccharides produced by microalgae, directly in algal cultures. The objective was to set up a protocol to target oligomers commonly known to be associated with exopolysaccharides' (EPS) nutraceutical and pharmaceutical activities (i.e., rhamnose, fucose, acidic sugars, etc.) without the constraints classically associated with chromatographic methods, while maintaining a resolution sufficiently high to enable their monitoring in the culture system. Determination of the monosaccharide content required the application of acid hydrolysis (2 M trifluoroacetic acid) followed by NaOH (2 M) neutralization. Quantification was then carried out directly on the fresh hydrolysate using enzyme kits corresponding to the main monosaccharides in a pre-determined composition of the polysaccharides under analysis. Initial results showed that the enzymes were not sensitive to the presence of TFA and NaOH, so the methodology could be carried out on fresh hydrolysate. The limits of quantification of the method were estimated as being in the order of the log of nanograms of monosaccharides per well, thus positioning it among the chromatographic methods in terms of analytical performance. A comparative analysis of the results obtained by the enzymatic method with a reference method (high-performance anion-exchange chromatography) confirmed good recovery rates, thus validating the closeness of the protocol. Finally, analyses of raw culture media were carried out and compared to the results obtained in miliQ water; no differences were observed. The new approach is a quick, functional analysis method allowing routine monitoring of the quality of bioactive polysaccharides in algal cultures grown in photobioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Decamp
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, 37 boulevard de l’Université, 44600 Saint-Nazaire, France; (A.D.); (O.M.); (C.R.); (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Orane Michelo
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, 37 boulevard de l’Université, 44600 Saint-Nazaire, France; (A.D.); (O.M.); (C.R.); (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Christelle Rabbat
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, 37 boulevard de l’Université, 44600 Saint-Nazaire, France; (A.D.); (O.M.); (C.R.); (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Céline Laroche
- Institut Pascal UMR 6602, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Dominique Grizeau
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, 37 boulevard de l’Université, 44600 Saint-Nazaire, France; (A.D.); (O.M.); (C.R.); (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Jérémy Pruvost
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, 37 boulevard de l’Université, 44600 Saint-Nazaire, France; (A.D.); (O.M.); (C.R.); (D.G.); (J.P.)
| | - Olivier Gonçalves
- Université de Nantes, GEPEA, UMR CNRS 6144, 37 boulevard de l’Université, 44600 Saint-Nazaire, France; (A.D.); (O.M.); (C.R.); (D.G.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Kopriva I, Jerić I, Hadžija MP, Hadžija M, Lovrenčić MV. Non-negative Least Squares Approach to Quantification of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Human Urine. Anal Chem 2021; 93:745-751. [PMID: 33284005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Because of its quantitative character and capability for high-throughput screening, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is used extensively in the profiling of biofluids such as urine and blood plasma. However, the narrow frequency bandwidth of 1H NMR spectroscopy leads to a severe overlap of the spectra of components present in the complex mixtures such as biofluids. Therefore, 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis is focused on targeted studies related to concentrations of the small number of metabolites. Here, we propose a library-based approach to quantify proportions of overlapping metabolites from 1H NMR mixture spectra. The method boils down to the linear non-negative least squares (NNLS) problem, whereas proportions of the pure components contained in the library stand for the unknowns. The method is validated on an estimation of the proportions of (i) the 78 pure spectra, presumably related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), from their synthetic linear mixture; (ii) metabolites present in 62 1H NMR spectra of urine of subjects with T2DM and 62 1H NMR spectra of urine of control subjects. In both cases, the in-house library of 210 pure component 1H NMR spectra represented the design matrix in the related NNLS problem. The proposed method pinpoints 63 metabolites that in a statistically significant way discriminate the T2DM group from the control group and 46 metabolites discriminating control from the T2DM group. For several T2DM-discriminative metabolites, we prove their presence by independent analytical determination or by pointing out the corresponding findings in the published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivica Kopriva
- Division of Electronics, Rud̵er Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivanka Jerić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rud̵er Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Popović Hadžija
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rud̵er Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirko Hadžija
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rud̵er Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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24
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Cao R, Liu X, Liu Y, Zhai X, Cao T, Wang A, Qiu J. Applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the evaluation of complex food constituents. Food Chem 2020; 342:128258. [PMID: 33508899 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to a number of unparalleled advantages such as fastness, accuracy, intactness, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) has fulfilled a significant role in determining structures and dynamics of various physical, chemical and biological systems in the field of food analysis. This study introduced the principle of NMR, key NMR techniques such as 1H NMR, DOSY, NOESY, HSQC, etc., and the knowledge of NMR applications on the evaluation of complex food system, especially the interactions of food components. The reviewed research work provides sufficient evidence that NMR spectroscopy has been an invaluable tool and will play an increasingly important role in specific technical support for food assessment. In addition, NMR combined with various other technologies could give a complete picture of the mechanism of the performance of functional food compounds, which are vital for human health and influence the intrinsic food properties during processing, storage and transportation at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruge Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xinru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xuqing Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Tianya Cao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Aili Wang
- Key laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ju Qiu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China.
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25
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Tang F, Hatzakis E. NMR-Based Analysis of Pomegranate Juice Using Untargeted Metabolomics Coupled with Nested and Quantitative Approaches. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11177-11185. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Tang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Parker Building, 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Emmanuel Hatzakis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Parker Building, 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Foods for Health Discovery Theme, The Ohio State University, Parker Building, 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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26
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Dehghani S, Noshad M, Rastegarzadeh S, Hojjati M, Fazlara A. Electrospun chia seed mucilage/PVA encapsulated with green cardamonmum essential oils: Antioxidant and antibacterial property. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1-9. [PMID: 32512085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the potential of chia seed mucilage (CSM) as a new source of carbohydrate for encapsulation of green cardamonmum Essential oils (GCEOs) was evaluated. 1H NMR spectrum, FTIR spectrum and, SEM image has confirmed the existence of the GCEOs in the nanofibers. The nanofibers of CSM and polyvinyl alcohol have not antibacterial property, while nanofibers containing GCEOs show antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Incorporating GCEOs in CSM nanofibers improved the antioxidant of the generated nanofibers. The amount of radical scavenging for the nanofibers containing 16 (mg/ml) of GCEOs was 18% and increasing the GCEOs concentration up to 64 (mg/ml) leads to grow the activity up to 41%. Thus, our studies indicate that nanofiber can be used as a novel antioxidant and antibacterial agent in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Dehghani
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Mohammad Noshad
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
| | - Saadat Rastegarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjati
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Ali Fazlara
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Vaneeckhaute E, De Man WL, Duerinckx K, Delcour JA, Martens JA, Taulelle F, Breynaert E. 13C-DOSY-TOSY NMR Correlation for In Situ Analysis of Structure, Size Distribution, and Dynamics of Prebiotic Oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3250-3259. [PMID: 32045528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) are a complex mixture of cereal derived, water-soluble prebiotics, obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of arabinoxylan, a group of dietary fibers exerting numerous nutritional and health-beneficial effects. Such complex biomolecular mixtures are notoriously difficult to characterize without initial physical fractionation. Here we present the in situ analysis of AXOS using a variety of state-of-the-art sensitivity-enhanced 13C-DOSY methods, enabling virtual separation and identification of the components. Three dimensional correlation plots displaying 13C diffusivity (DOSY: Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY), relaxation parameters (TOSY: raTe of relaxation Ordered SpectrscopY), and chemical shift offer a unique way to elucidate the composition of mixtures. We have demonstrated this multifaceted 13C probed correlation strategy in standard mixtures of aliphatic and aromatic compounds, before implementing it on AXOS. These 3D-DOSY-TOSY plots in combination with 2D-NMR correlation experiments offer unprecedented clarity for assigning chemical functions, molecular size distribution, and dynamics of oligosaccharide mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewoud Vaneeckhaute
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Wannes L De Man
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karel Duerinckx
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jan A Delcour
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johan A Martens
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Francis Taulelle
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Eric Breynaert
- COK-KAT, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F - box 2461, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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28
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Determination of etidronic acid in vegetable-washing water by a simple and validated quantitative 31P nuclear magnetic resonance method. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Jiang CK, Ma JQ, Apostolides Z, Chen L. Metabolomics for a Millenniums-Old Crop: Tea Plant ( Camellia sinensis). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6445-6457. [PMID: 31117495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tea cultivation and utilization dates back to antiquity. Today it is the most widely consumed beverage on earth due to its pleasant taste and several beneficial health properties attributed to specific metabolites. Metabolomics has a tremendous potential to correlate tea metabolites with taste and health properties in humans. Our review on the current application of metabolomics in the science of tea suggests that metabolomics is a promising frontier in the evaluation of tea quality, identification of functional genes responsible for key metabolites, investigation of their metabolic regulation, and pathway analysis in the tea plant. Furthermore, the challenges, possible solutions, and the prospects of metabolomics in tea science are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310008 , China
| | - Jian-Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310008 , China
| | - Zeno Apostolides
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology , University of Pretoria , Pretoria 0002 , South Africa
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310008 , China
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30
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Hatzakis E. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy in Food Science: A Comprehensive Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 18:189-220. [PMID: 33337022 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a robust method, which can rapidly analyze mixtures at the molecular level without requiring separation and/or purification steps, making it ideal for applications in food science. Despite its increasing popularity among food scientists, NMR is still an underutilized methodology in this area, mainly due to its high cost, relatively low sensitivity, and the lack of NMR expertise by many food scientists. The aim of this review is to help bridge the knowledge gap that may exist when attempting to apply NMR methodologies to the field of food science. We begin by covering the basic principles required to apply NMR to the study of foods and nutrients. A description of the discipline of chemometrics is provided, as the combination of NMR with multivariate statistical analysis is a powerful approach for addressing modern challenges in food science. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview of recent and key applications in the areas of compositional analysis, food authentication, quality control, and human nutrition is provided. In addition to standard NMR techniques, more sophisticated NMR applications are also presented, although limitations, gaps, and potentials are discussed. We hope this review will help scientists gain some of the knowledge required to apply the powerful methodology of NMR to the rich and diverse field of food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Hatzakis
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State Univ., Parker Building, 2015 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,Foods for Health Discovery Theme, The Ohio State Univ., Parker Building, 2015 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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