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Burgada F, Arrieta MP, Borrell B, Fenollar O. Development of Eco-Efficient Composite from Textile Waste with Polyamide Matrix. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2061. [PMID: 39065378 PMCID: PMC11280886 DOI: 10.3390/polym16142061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The main aim of the present work is to evaluate and characterize the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of wastes coming from the textile industry, mainly composed of cotton and polyester. These wastes will be thereafter implemented in commodity plastic such as polyamide, in order to develop new formulations of environmentally friendly materials. The composites were produced by extrusion and injection-molded processes in amounts between 15 wt.% and 60 wt.% of textile waste. With the objective of improving the properties of the materials, silanes were used as a compatibilizer between the textile fibers and the polymeric matrix. The effect of the compatibilizer in the composites was studied together with the effect of the amount of textile fiber added to the composites. Mechanical, thermal, morphological and wettability properties were analyzed for each composite. The results show that the use of silanes improves the interaction especially in those composites with a higher amount of textile waste, offering a balanced mechanical behavior with significantly high quantities. On the other hand, the melting temperature does not vary significantly with the introduction of silanes and textile waste content, although the incorporation of textile waste slightly reduces up to 23% the degradation temperature of the resulting composites. The wettability of the composites is also increased up to 16% with the incorporation of textile waste. Finally, the appearance of the composites with textile waste is strongly influenced by the incorporation of the reinforcement, offering shades close to dark brown in the whole range of compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Burgada
- Textile Research Institute (AITEX), Carretera de Banyeres, 10, 03802 Alcoy, Spain; (F.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Marina P. Arrieta
- Grupo de Investigación Polímeros, Caracterización y Aplicaciones (POLCA), 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Industrial y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Borrell
- Textile Research Institute (AITEX), Carretera de Banyeres, 10, 03802 Alcoy, Spain; (F.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Octavio Fenollar
- University Research Institute of Materials Technology (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
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Toyen D, Wimolmala E, Hemvichian K, Lertsarawut P, Saenboonruang K. Highly Efficient and Eco-Friendly Thermal-Neutron-Shielding Materials Based on Recycled High-Density Polyethylene and Gadolinium Oxide Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1139. [PMID: 38675059 PMCID: PMC11054564 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing demands for improved radiation safety and the growing concerns regarding the excessive use of plastics, this work aimed to develop effective and eco-friendly thermal-neutron-shielding materials based on recycled high-density polyethylene (r-HDPE) composites containing varying surface-treated gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) contents (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%). The results indicate that the overall thermal-neutron-shielding properties of the r-HDPE composites were enhanced with the addition of Gd2O3, as evidenced by large reductions in I/I0, HVL, and TVL, as well as the substantial increases in ∑t and ∑t/ρ of the composites. Furthermore, the results reveal that the values for tensile properties initially increased up to 5-15 wt% of Gd2O3 and then gradually decreased at higher contents. In addition, the results show that the addition of Gd2O3 particles generally increased the density (ρ), the remaining ash at 600 °C, and the degree of crystallinity (%XC) of the composites. This work also determined the effects of gamma irradiation on relevant properties of the composites. The findings indicate that following gamma aging, the tensile modulus slightly increased, while the tensile strength, elongation at break, and hardness (Shore D) showed no significant (p < 0.05) differences, except for the sample containing 5 wt% of Gd2O3, which exhibited a noticeable reduction in elongation at break. Furthermore, by comparing the neutron-shielding and mechanical properties of the developed r-HDPE composites with common borated polyethylene (PE) containing 5 wt% and 15 wt% of boron, the results clearly indicate the superior shielding and tensile properties in the r-HDPE composites, implying the great potential of r-HDPE composites to replace virgin plastics as effective and more eco-friendly shielding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donruedee Toyen
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Special Research Unit of Radiation Technology for Advanced Materials (RTAM), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Ekachai Wimolmala
- Polymer PROcessing and Flow (P-PROF) Research Group, Division of Materials Technology, School of Energy, Environment and Materials, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand;
| | - Kasinee Hemvichian
- Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok 26120, Thailand; (K.H.); (P.L.)
| | - Pattra Lertsarawut
- Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok 26120, Thailand; (K.H.); (P.L.)
| | - Kiadtisak Saenboonruang
- Special Research Unit of Radiation Technology for Advanced Materials (RTAM), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Specialized Center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in Agriculture and Industry (RPM), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Fan S, Gao X, Pang J, Liu G, Li X. Enhanced Preservative Performance of Pine Wood through Nano-Xylan Treatment Assisted by High-Temperature Steam and Vacuum Impregnation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16113976. [PMID: 37297110 DOI: 10.3390/ma16113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study used environmentally friendly nano-xylan to enhance the drug loading and preservative performance (especially against white-rot fungi) of pine wood (Pinus massoniana Lamb), determine the best pretreatment, nano-xylan modification process, and analyze the antibacterial mechanism of nano-xylan. High-temperature, high-pressure steam pretreatment-assisted vacuum impregnation was applied to enhance the nano-xylan loading. The nano-xylan loading generally increased upon increasing the steam pressure and temperature, heat-treatment time, vacuum degree, and vacuum time. The optimal loading of 14.83% was achieved at a steam pressure and temperature of 0.8 MPa and 170 °C, heat treatment time of 50 min, vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa, and vacuum impregnation time of 50 min. Modification with nano-xylan prohibited the formation of hyphae clusters inside the wood cells. The degradation of integrity and mechanical performance were improved. Compared with the untreated sample, the mass loss rate of the sample treated with 10% nano-xylan decreased from 38 to 22%. The treatment with high-temperature, high-pressure steam significantly enhanced the crystallinity of wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Fan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xun Gao
- College of Architecture and Energy Engineering, Wenzhou University of Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Jiuyin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Guanlin Liu
- State Grid Longjing Power Supply Company, Longjing 133400, China
| | - Xianjun Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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Yang J, Xu S, Wang W, Ran X, Ching YC, Sui X, Wei Y, Wang R, Al-Hada NM. Preparation and characterization of bioplastics from silylated cassava starch and epoxidized soybean oils. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 300:120253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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A Review on Flexural Properties of Wood-Plastic Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14193942. [PMID: 36235890 PMCID: PMC9573396 DOI: 10.3390/polym14193942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood–plastic composite (WPC) is a kind of composite material that is made of plastic and wood fiber or wood powder. Because it is mothproof, is resistant to corrosion, and has plasticity, among other advantages, it has been researched and used increasingly in building materials. The flexural property of WPC is an important subject in evaluating its mechanical properties. In this paper, wood–plastic raw materials and processing technology are introduced; the internal and external factors of WPC which affect the flexural properties are analyzed; the different ways of enhancing the bending capacity, including the surface pretreatment, addition of different modifiers (compatibility agent and coupling agent) etc. are summarized; and the methods of operation and strengthening effect are analyzed. This work provides a reference for further research in related fields.
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Pu Z, Jiang J, Li Y, Li L, Yang S, Wang Q. Upcycling of waste artificial turf for
high‐performance
wood‐plastic composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Shuangqiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu China
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Borsoi C, Hansen B, Gemmer RE, Dahlem Júnior MA, Francisquetti EL, Zattera AJ, Santana RMC, Catto AL. Effect of different surface treatments on polypropylene composites reinforced with yerba mate fibers: Physical, mechanical, chemical, and morphological properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cleide Borsoi
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates Lajeado Brazil
| | - Betina Hansen
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates Lajeado Brazil
| | - Ruan Ezequiel Gemmer
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates Lajeado Brazil
| | - Marcos Aurélio Dahlem Júnior
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS Escola de Engenharia, Laboratório de Materiais Poliméricos – LAPOL Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Edson Luiz Francisquetti
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul – IFRS Farroupilha Brazil
| | - Ademir José Zattera
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul – UCS Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Engenharia de Processos e Tecnologias (PGEPROTEC) Caxias do Sul Brazil
| | - Ruth Marlene Campomanes Santana
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS Escola de Engenharia, Laboratório de Materiais Poliméricos – LAPOL Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - André Luis Catto
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates Lajeado Brazil
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Xu K, Zheng Z, Du G, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhong T, Xie L, Wang S. Effects of polyamide 6 reinforcement on the compatibility of high‐density polyethylene/environmental‐friendly modified wood fiber composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaimeng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Highly‐Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass Resources in the Southwest China National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Forestry Resources Conversion and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Center for Renewable Carbon Institute of Agriculture, The University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996
| | - Zhifeng Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Highly‐Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass Resources in the Southwest China National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Forestry Resources Conversion and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Guanben Du
- Key Laboratory for Highly‐Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass Resources in the Southwest China National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Forestry Resources Conversion and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Yulu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Highly‐Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass Resources in the Southwest China National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Forestry Resources Conversion and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Highly‐Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass Resources in the Southwest China National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Forestry Resources Conversion and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Tuhua Zhong
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center Washington State University Pullman Washington 99164
| | - Linkun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Highly‐Efficient Utilization of Forest Biomass Resources in the Southwest China National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Forestry Resources Conversion and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 People's Republic of China
| | - Siqun Wang
- Center for Renewable Carbon Institute of Agriculture, The University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996
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