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Qiao W, Jia C, Yang J, Gao G, Guo D, Xu X, Wu Z, Saris PEJ, Xu H, Qiao M. Production of bacterial cellulose-based peptidopolysaccharide BC-L with anti-listerial properties using a co-cultivation strategy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133047. [PMID: 38857722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been found extensive applications in diverse domains for its exceptional attributes. However, the lack of antibacterial properties hampers its utilization in food and biomedical sectors. Leucocin, a bacteriocin belonging to class IIa, is synthesized by Leuconostoc that demonstrates potent efficacy against the foodborne pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes. In the current study, co-culturing strategy involving Kosakonia oryzendophytica FY-07 and Leuconostoc carnosum 4010 was used to confer anti-listerial activity to BC, which resulted in the generation of leucocin-containing BC (BC-L). The physical characteristics of BC-L, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), were similar to the physical characteristics of BC. Notably, the experimental results of disc diffusion and growth curve indicated that the BC-L film exhibited a potent inhibitory effect against L. monocytogenes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that BC-L exerts its bactericidal activity by forming pores on the bacterial cell wall. Despite the BC-L antibacterial mechanism, which involves pore formation, the mammalian cell viability remained unaffected by the BC-L film. The measurement results of zeta potential indicated that the properties of BC changed after being loaded with leucocin. Based on these findings, the anti-listerial BC-L generated through this co-culture system holds promise as a novel effective antimicrobial agent for applications in meat product preservation and packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjin Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00940, Finland
| | - Chunhui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dingyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xian Xu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Zhenzhou Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Per Erik Joakim Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00940, Finland
| | - Haijin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Mingqiang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China.
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2
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Núñez D, Oyarzún P, González S, Martínez I. Toward biomanufacturing of next-generation bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-based materials with tailored properties: A review on genetic engineering approaches. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 74:108390. [PMID: 38823654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a biopolymer that is drawing significant attention for a wide range of applications thanks to its unique structure and excellent properties, such as high purity, mechanical strength, high water holding capacity and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the biomanufacturing of BNC is hindered due to its low yield, the instability of microbial strains and cost limitations that prevent it from being mass-produced on a large scale. Various approaches have been developed to address these problems by genetically modifying strains and to produce BNC-based biomaterials with added value. These works are summarized and discussed in the present article, which include the overexpression and knockout of genes related and not related with the nanocellulose biosynthetic operon, the application of synthetic biology approaches and CRISPR/Cas techniques to modulate BNC biosynthesis. Further discussion is provided on functionalized BNC-based biomaterials with tailored properties that are incorporated in-vivo during its biosynthesis using genetically modified strains either in single or co-culture systems (in-vivo manufacturing). This novel strategy holds potential to open the road toward cost-effective production processes and to find novel applications in a variety of technology and industrial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariela Núñez
- Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Patricio Oyarzún
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile
| | - Sebastián González
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Alonso de Ribera 2850, Concepción, Chile
| | - Irene Martínez
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), University of Chile, Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile; Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, University of Chile, Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile.
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3
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Huang YC, Khumsupan D, Lin SP, Santoso SP, Hsu HY, Cheng KC. Production of bacterial cellulose (BC)/nisin composite with enhanced antibacterial and mechanical properties through co-cultivation of Komagataeibacter xylinum and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128977. [PMID: 38154722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
By employing co-cultivation technique on Komagataeibacter xylinum and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, bacterial cellulose (BC)/nisin films with improved antibacterial activity and mechanical properties were successfully produced. The findings demonstrated that increased nisin production is associated with an upregulation of gene expression. Furthermore, results from Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) confirmed the integration of nisin within BC. While being biocompatible with human cells, the BC/nisin composites exhibited antimicrobial activity. Moreover, mechanical property analyses showed a noticeable improvement in Young's modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break by 161, 271, and 195 %, respectively. Additionally, the nisin content in fermentation broth was improved by 170 % after co-culture, accompanied by an 8 % increase in pH as well as 10 % decrease in lactate concentration. Real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed an upregulation of 11 nisin-related genes after co-cultivation, with the highest increase in nisA (5.76-fold). To our knowledge, this is the first study which demonstrates that an increase in secondary metabolites after co-culturing is modulated by gene expression. This research offers a cost-effective approach for BC composite production and presents a technique to enhance metabolite concentration through the regulation of relevant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Darin Khumsupan
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia; Collaborative Research Center for Sustainable and Zero Waste Industries, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan 41354; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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4
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Yang Y, Zhou B, Yu L, Song G, Ge J, Du R. Biosynthesis and characterization of antibacterial bacterial cellulose composite membrane composed of montmorillonite and exopolysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127477. [PMID: 37863143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC), as a natural renewable polymer material, has the advantages of porous nanonetwork structure, high degree of polymerization, high purity, high crystallinity, excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, BC lacks antibacterial properties, which leads to the limitation of BC material in food packaging and medical materials. In this study, a new antibacterial material using the combination of montmorillonite (MMT), BC and exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Weissella confusa H2 was synthesized. Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that BC-EPS, BC-MMT and BC-EPS-MMT composite membranes conformed to the typical type I cellulose structure. Compared to BC membrane, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the porosity of BC-EPS, BC-MMT and BC-EPS-MMT composite membranes was low and compact. The physical properties of BC-EPS, BC-MTT and BC-EPS-MTT composite membranes showed lower water vapor transmittance. The BC-MTT and BC-EPS-MTT composite membranes exhibit a lower swelling ratio in 120 min. The thermal properties show that BC-EPS, BC-MTT and BC-EPS-MTT composite membranes have higher thermal stability (352 °C, 310 °C, 314 °C). Additionally, both BC-MMT and BC-EPS-MMT demonstrated strong inhibitory effects against various bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi A, and Bacillus subtilis. The exceptional properties exhibited by composite membranes establishes them as a highly promising option in the field of food packaging and medical material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Bosen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Liansheng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Gang Song
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Qinhuangdao 066102, China.
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Qinhuangdao 066102, China.
| | - Renpeng Du
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Qinhuangdao 066102, China.
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Meng S, Wu H, Xiao D, Lan S, Dong A. Recent advances in bacterial cellulose-based antibacterial composites for infected wound therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121082. [PMID: 37321715 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wound infection arising from pathogenic bacteria brought serious trouble to the patient and medical system. Among various wound dressings that are effective in killing pathogenic bacteria, antimicrobial composites based on bacterial cellulose (BC) are becoming the most popular materials due to their success in eliminating pathogenic bacteria, preventing wound infection, and promoting wound healing. However, as an extracellular natural polymer, BC is not inherently antimicrobial, which means that it must be combined with other antimicrobials to be effective against pathogens. BC has many advantages over other polymers, including nano-structure, significant moisture retention, non-adhesion to the wound surface, which has made it superior to other biopolymers. This review introduces the recent advances in BC-based composites for the treatment of wound infection, including the classification and preparation methods of composites, the mechanism of wound treatment, and commercial application. Moreover, their wound therapy applications include hydrogel dressing, surgical sutures, wound healing bandages, and patches are summarized in detail. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of BC-based antibacterial composites for the treatment of infected wounds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suriguga Meng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Douxin Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Shi Lan
- College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Alideertu Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
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6
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Gao G, Niu S, Liu T, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Shi Z, Chen S, Wu M, Li G, Ma T. Fabrication of bacterial cellulose composites with antimicrobial properties by in situ modification utilizing the specific function-suspension containing water-insoluble magnolol. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124329. [PMID: 37019196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ modification is commonly employed for Bacterial cellulose (BC) functionalization. However, water-insoluble modifiers are usually deposited at the bottom of the medium, therefore cannot be used for in situ modification of BC. Herein, a novel strategy for in situ modification of insoluble modifiers after suspension by a suspending agent was proposed. The BC-producing strain Kosakonia oryzendophytica FY-07, not Gluconacetobacter xylinus, was selected to prepare BC products with antibacterial activity because of its tolerance to natural antibacterial products. The experimental results showed that xanthan gum as a suspending agent can uniformly and stably disperse water-insoluble plant extracts magnolol in the culture medium to prepare the in situ modified BC products. Characterization of the properties showed that the in situ modified BC products have reduced crystallinity, significantly increased swelling ratio and strong inhibition on Gram-positive bacteria and fungi and weak inhibition on Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, the in situ modified BC products had no toxicity to cells. This study provided a feasible strategy for in situ modification of BC using water-insoluble modifiers to extend BC functionality and has significant implications for the biopolymer industry.
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Antimicrobial Active Packaging Containing Nisin for Preservation of Products of Animal Origin: An Overview. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233820. [PMID: 36496629 PMCID: PMC9735823 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of food represents one of the greatest challenges in the food industry. Active packaging materials are obtained through the incorporation of antimicrobial and/or antioxidant compounds in order to improve their functionality. Further, these materials are used for food packaging applications for shelf-life extension and fulfilling consumer demands for minimal processed foods with great quality and safety. The incorporation of antimicrobial peptides, such as nisin, has been studied lately, with a great interest applied to the food industry. Antimicrobials can be incorporated in various matrices such as nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes, or nanoparticles, which are further used for packaging. Despite the widespread application of nisin as an antimicrobial by directly incorporating it into various foods, the use of nisin by incorporating it into food packaging materials is researched at a much smaller scale. The researchers in this field are still in full development, being specific to the type of product studied. The purpose of this study was to present recent results obtained as a result of using nisin as an antimicrobial agent in food packaging materials, with a focus on applications on products of animal origin. The findings showed that nisin incorporated in packaging materials led to a significant reduction in the bacterial load (the total viable count or inoculated strains), maintained product attributes (physical, chemical, and sensorial), and prolonged their shelf-life.
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dos Santos GR, Soeiro VS, Talarico CF, Ataide JA, Lopes AM, Mazzola PG, Oliveira TJ, Oliveira Junior JM, Grotto D, Jozala AF. Bacterial Cellulose Membranes as Carriers for Nisin: Incorporation, Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity and Morphology. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173497. [PMID: 36080572 PMCID: PMC9460746 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the previous study, in which nisin and bacterial cellulose were utilized, this new experiment loads nisin into bacterial cellulose (N–BC) and evaluates the morphological characteristics, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity and stability of the developed system. The load efficiency of nisin in BC was evaluated by an agar diffusion assay, utilizing Lactobacillus sakei, and total proteins. After having found the ideal time and concentration for the loading process, the system stability was evaluated for 100 days at 4, 25 and 37 °C against Staphylococcus aureus and L. sakei. Thus, in this study, there is a system that proves to be efficient, once BC has enhanced the antimicrobial activity of nisin, acting as a selective barrier for other compounds present in the standard solution and protecting the peptide. After 4 h, with 45% of proteins, this activity was almost 2 log10 higher than that of the initial solution. Once the nisin solution was not pure, it is possible to suggest that the BC may have acted as a filter. This barrier enhanced the nisin activity and, as a consequence of the nisin loading, a stable N–BC system formed. The N–BC could create meaningful material for pharmaceutical and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Ribeiro dos Santos
- LAMINFE—Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Victória Soares Soeiro
- LAMINFE—Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Fernanda Talarico
- LAMINFE—Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Janaína Artem Ataide
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - André Moreni Lopes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Gava Mazzola
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Jardim Oliveira
- LAMINFE—Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil
- LAFINAU—Laboratory of Nuclear Physics, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Grotto
- LAPETOX—Laboratory of Toxicological Research, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Angela F. Jozala
- LAMINFE—Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba 18023-000, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Advanced "Green" Prebiotic Composite of Bacterial Cellulose/Pullulan Based on Synthetic Biology-Powered Microbial Coculture Strategy. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153224. [PMID: 35956737 PMCID: PMC9371109 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer produced by different microorganisms, but in biotechnological practice, Komagataeibacter xylinus is used. The micro- and nanofibrillar structure of BC, which forms many different-sized pores, creates prerequisites for the introduction of other polymers into it, including those synthesized by other microorganisms. The study aims to develop a cocultivation system of BC and prebiotic producers to obtain BC-based composite material with prebiotic activity. In this study, pullulan (PUL) was found to stimulate the growth of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG better than the other microbial polysaccharides gellan and xanthan. BC/PUL biocomposite with prebiotic properties was obtained by cocultivation of Komagataeibacter xylinus and Aureobasidium pullulans, BC and PUL producers respectively, on molasses medium. The inclusion of PUL in BC is proved gravimetrically by scanning electron microscopy and by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Cocultivation demonstrated a composite effect on the aggregation and binding of BC fibers, which led to a significant improvement in mechanical properties. The developed approach for "grafting" of prebiotic activity on BC allows preparation of environmentally friendly composites of better quality.
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Greser AB, Avcioglu NH. Optimization and physicochemical characterization of bacterial cellulose by Komagataeibacter nataicola and Komagataeibacter maltaceti strains isolated from grape, thorn apple and apple vinegars. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:465. [PMID: 35802199 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a valuable biopolymer that is increasingly used in medical, pharmaceutical and food industries with its excellent physicochemical properties as high water-holding capacity, nanofibrillar structure, large surface area, porosity, mechanical strength and biocompatibility. Accordingly, the isolation, identification and characterization of potent BC producers from grape, thorn apple and apple vinegars were performed in this study. The strains isolated from grape and apple vinegars were identified as Komagataeibacter maltaceti and the strain isolated from thorn apple vinegar was identified as Komagataeibacter nataicola with 16S rRNA analysis. Optimized conditions were found as 8% dextrin, 1.5% (peptone + yeast extract) and 10% inoculation amount at pH 6.0 with a productivity rate of 1.15 g/d/L, a yield of 8.06% and a dry weight of 6.45 g/L for K. maltaceti, and 10% maltose, 1% (peptone + yeast extract) and 10% inoculation amount at pH 6.0 with a productivity rate of 0.96 g/L/d, a yield of 5.35% and a dry weight of 5.35 g/L for K. nataicola. Obtained BC from K. maltaceti and K. nataicola strains was more than 2.56- and 1.86-fold when compared with BC obtained from HS media and exhibited 95.1% and 92.5% WHC, respectively. Based on the characterization results, BC pellicles show characteristic FT-IR bands and have ultrafine 3D structures with high thermal stability. By means of having ability to assimilate monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharide used in this study, it is predicted that both isolated Komagataeibacter species can be used in the production of biopolymers from wastes containing complex carbon sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Beril Greser
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 31-027, Kraków, Poland
| | - Nermin Hande Avcioglu
- Department, Biotechnology Section Faculty of Science, Biology, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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Shi Y, Jiao H, Sun J, Lu X, Yu S, Cheng L, Wang Q, Liu H, Biranje S, Wang J, Liu J. Functionalization of nanocellulose applied with biological molecules for biomedical application: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 285:119208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Synthetic biology-powered microbial co-culture strategy and application of bacterial cellulose-based composite materials. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 283:119171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Bacterial cellulose: recent progress in production and industrial applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Qiao W, Qiao Y, Gao G, Liao Z, Wu Z, Saris PEJ, Xu H, Qiao M. A novel co-cultivation strategy to generate low-crystallinity bacterial cellulose and increase nisin yields. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:388-396. [PMID: 35031318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a co-culturing Enterobacter sp. and Lactococcus lactis strategy was developed to alter bacterial cellulose (BC) properties and increase nisin yields. We generated high nisin yields (6260 IU/mL) by altering inoculum ratios and inoculation times in a novel co-culture system. Critically, these were 85% higher than L. lactis monocultures. By monitoring fermentation broth pH and lactic acid yields, the pH was higher and lactic acid yields lower during co-culture conditions when compared with L. lactis monocultures, suggesting that co-culturing was more suitable for L. lactis nisin production. We also determined BC film yields and properties (BC, BC-N, and BC-N after nisin release). BC yields produced by co-culturing were not very different from Enterobacter sp. monocultures, but crystallinity was significantly altered. Collectively, our co-culture system adequately and economically modified BC fibers by interfering with self-assembly and crystallization processes during BC synthesis, with significantly improved nisin yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjin Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00940, Finland
| | - Yu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zitong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zhenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Per Erik Joakim Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00940, Finland
| | - Haijin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Mingqiang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
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15
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Gao G, Zhang Y, Niu S, Chen Y, Wang S, Anwar N, Chen S, Li G, Ma T. Reclassification of Enterobacter sp. FY-07 as Kosakonia oryzendophytica FY-07 and Its Potential to Promote Plant Growth. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030575. [PMID: 35336150 PMCID: PMC8951479 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise classification of bacteria facilitates prediction of their ecological niche. The genus Enterobacter includes pathogens of plants and animals but also beneficial bacteria that may require reclassification. Here, we propose reclassification of Enterobacter FY-07 (FY-07), a strain that has many plant-growth-promoting traits and produces bacterial cellulose (BC), to the Kosakonia genera. To re-examine the taxonomic position of FY-07, a polyphasic approach including 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, ATP synthase β subunit (atpD) gene sequence analysis, DNA gyrase (gyrB) gene sequence analysis, initiation translation factor 2 (infB) gene sequence analysis, RNA polymerase β subunit (rpoB) gene sequence analysis, determination of DNA G + C content, average nucleotide identity based on BLAST, in silico DNA–DNA hybridization and analysis of phenotypic features was applied. This polyphasic analysis suggested that Enterobacter sp. FY-07 should be reclassified as Kosakonia oryzendophytica FY-07. In addition, the potential of FY-07 to promote plant growth was also investigated by detecting related traits and the colonization of FY-07 in rice roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Shaofang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Shaojing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Nusratgul Anwar
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Shuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Green Manufacturing Biobased Materials, Tianjin 300071, China
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (T.M.); Tel./Fax: +86-22-2350-8870 (T.M.)
| | - Ting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China; (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.N.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (N.A.); (S.C.)
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Green Manufacturing Biobased Materials, Tianjin 300071, China
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (T.M.); Tel./Fax: +86-22-2350-8870 (T.M.)
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16
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Jančič U, Gorgieva S. Bromelain and Nisin: The Natural Antimicrobials with High Potential in Biomedicine. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:76. [PMID: 35056972 PMCID: PMC8778819 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases along with various cancer types are among the most significant public health problems and the leading cause of death worldwide. The situation has become even more complex with the rapid development of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. New drugs are urgently needed to curb the increasing spread of diseases in humans and livestock. Promising candidates are natural antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria, and therapeutic enzymes, extracted from medicinal plants. This review highlights the structure and properties of plant origin bromelain and antimicrobial peptide nisin, along with their mechanism of action, the immobilization strategies, and recent applications in the field of biomedicine. Future perspectives towards the commercialization of new biomedical products, including these important bioactive compounds, have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urška Jančič
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Selestina Gorgieva
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Institute of Automation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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17
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Qiao W, Liu F, Wan X, Qiao Y, Li R, Wu Z, Saris PEJ, Xu H, Qiao M. Genomic Features and Construction of Streamlined Genome Chassis of Nisin Z Producer Lactococcus lactis N8. Microorganisms 2021; 10:microorganisms10010047. [PMID: 35056496 PMCID: PMC8779420 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus lactis is a commonly used fermenting bacteria in cheese, beverages and meat products. Due to the lack of simplified chassis strains, it has not been widely used in the fields of synthetic biology. Thus, the construction of lactic acid bacteria chassis strains becomes more and more important. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing, annotation and analysis of L. lactis N8. Based on the genome analysis, we found that L. lactis N8 contains two large plasmids, and the function prediction of the plasmids shows that some regions are related to carbohydrate transport/metabolism, multi-stress resistance and amino acid uptake. L. lactis N8 contains a total of seven prophage-related fragments and twelve genomic islands. A gene cluster encoding a hybrid NRPS–PKS system that was found in L. lactis N8 reveals that the strain has the potential to synthesize novel secondary metabolites. Furthermore, we have constructed a simplified genome chassis of L. lactis N8 and achieved the largest amount of deletion of L. lactis so far. Taken together, the present study offers further insights into the function and potential role of L. lactis N8 as a model strain of lactic acid bacteria and lays the foundation for its application in the field of synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjin Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (W.Q.); (F.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Fulu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (W.Q.); (F.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Xing Wan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (X.W.); (R.L.); (P.E.J.S.)
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (W.Q.); (F.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (X.W.); (R.L.); (P.E.J.S.)
| | - Zhenzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
| | - Per Erik Joakim Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (X.W.); (R.L.); (P.E.J.S.)
| | - Haijin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (W.Q.); (F.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (M.Q.)
| | - Mingqiang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (W.Q.); (F.L.); (Y.Q.)
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (M.Q.)
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18
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Gao G, Liao Z, Cao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wu M, Li G, Ma T. Highly efficient production of bacterial cellulose from corn stover total hydrolysate by Enterobacter sp. FY-07. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125781. [PMID: 34454235 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has a huge global market due to its excellent properties and wide range of applications. However, due to high production costs, low productivity, and unsatisfactory scale-up production, industrialisation has been slow. Herein, stabilization of strain, optimisation of culture conditions, and a cheap carbon source were combined to achieve highly efficient, low-cost, large-scale BC production in 20 L containers. Optimisation of culture conditions increased both BC productivity and sugar conversion ratio significantly, from 2.08 g/L/day and 9.78% to 17.13 g/L/day and 70.31%, respectively. Furthermore, BC productivity and sugar conversion ratio reached 13.96 g/L/day and 85.50% using corn stover total hydrolysate as carbon source. The low-cost, facile, and highly efficient process can generate large quantities of BC, and could promote industrialisation of BC production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zitong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yiyan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mengmeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Green Manufacturing Biobased Materials, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Ting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Green Manufacturing Biobased Materials, Tianjin 300071, China.
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19
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Yuan X, Chen F. Cocultivation Study of Monascus spp. and Aspergillus niger Inspired From Black-Skin-Red-Koji by a Double-Sided Petri Dish. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:670684. [PMID: 34177849 PMCID: PMC8221429 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.670684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocultivation is an emerging and potential way to investigate microbial interaction in the laboratory. Extensive researches has been carried out over the years, but some microorganism cocultivation are not easy to implement in the laboratory, especially the fungus-fungus (FF) cocultivation, owing to the obstacles such as fungal different growth rate, limited growing space, hyphae intertwining, and difficulty of sample separation, etc. In this research, a double-sided petri dish (DSPD) was designed and carried out as a tool to study FF cocultivation in the laboratory. A natural FF cocultivation of Monascus spp. and Aspergillus niger inspired from black-skin-red-koji (BSRK), were studied. By using DSPD, the aforementioned obstacles in the FF cocultivation study were overcome through co-culturing Monascus spp. and A. niger on each side of DSPD. The characteristics of monocultured and co-cultured Monascus spp. and A. niger were compared and analyzed, including colonial and microscopic morphologies, and main secondary metabolites (SMs) of Monascus spp. analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. And a novel SM was found to be produced by Monascus ruber M7 when co-cultured with A. niger CBS 513.88. Since the above mentioned obstacles, were overcome, we obtained good quality of transcriptome data for further analysis. These results indicate that DSPD might be an efficient tool for investigation of microbial interaction, in particular, for FF interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yuan
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fusheng Chen
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Moradi M, Jacek P, Farhangfar A, Guimarães JT, Forough M. The role of genetic manipulation and in situ modifications on production of bacterial nanocellulose: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:635-650. [PMID: 33957199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides are well-known biomaterials because of their availability and low-cost, with applications in diverse fields. Cellulose, a renowned polysaccharide, can be obtained from different sources including plants, algae, and bacteria, but recently much attention has been paid to the microorganisms due to their potential of producing renewable compounds. In this regard, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a novel type of nanocellulose material that is commercially synthesized mainly by Komagataeibacter spp. Characteristics such as purity, porosity, and remarkable mechanical properties made BNC a superior green biopolymer with applications in pharmacology, biomedicine, bioprocessing, and food. Genetic manipulation of BNC-producing strains and in situ modifications of the culturing conditions can lead to BNC with enhanced yield/productivity and properties. This review mainly highlights the role of genetic engineering of Komagataeibacter strains and co-culturing of bacterial strains with additives such as microorganisms and nanomaterials to synthesize BNC with improved functionality and productivity rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Moradi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Paulina Jacek
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Karl-von-Frisch Strasse 16, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | | | - Jonas T Guimarães
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mehrdad Forough
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Yuan X, Chen F. Cocultivation Study of Monascus spp. and Aspergillus niger Inspired From Black-Skin-Red-Koji by a Double-Sided Petri Dish. Front Microbiol 2021. [PMID: 34177849 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.6706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocultivation is an emerging and potential way to investigate microbial interaction in the laboratory. Extensive researches has been carried out over the years, but some microorganism cocultivation are not easy to implement in the laboratory, especially the fungus-fungus (FF) cocultivation, owing to the obstacles such as fungal different growth rate, limited growing space, hyphae intertwining, and difficulty of sample separation, etc. In this research, a double-sided petri dish (DSPD) was designed and carried out as a tool to study FF cocultivation in the laboratory. A natural FF cocultivation of Monascus spp. and Aspergillus niger inspired from black-skin-red-koji (BSRK), were studied. By using DSPD, the aforementioned obstacles in the FF cocultivation study were overcome through co-culturing Monascus spp. and A. niger on each side of DSPD. The characteristics of monocultured and co-cultured Monascus spp. and A. niger were compared and analyzed, including colonial and microscopic morphologies, and main secondary metabolites (SMs) of Monascus spp. analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. And a novel SM was found to be produced by Monascus ruber M7 when co-cultured with A. niger CBS 513.88. Since the above mentioned obstacles, were overcome, we obtained good quality of transcriptome data for further analysis. These results indicate that DSPD might be an efficient tool for investigation of microbial interaction, in particular, for FF interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yuan
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fusheng Chen
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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