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Svensson SE, Wijayarathna ERKB, Kalita NK, Hakkarainen M, Zamani A. Development of hydrogels from cell wall of Aspergillus oryzae containing chitin-glucan and wet spinning to monofilaments. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134285. [PMID: 39128384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Fungal mycelium is emerging as a source for sustainable bio-based materials. Fungal biomass of Aspergillus oryzae was prepared by cultivation on bread waste hydrolysate to valorize this abundant food waste. Chitin-glucan-rich alkali-insoluble material (AIM) was isolated from fungal biomass, formed into hydrogels, and wet spun into monofilaments. AIM in the form of fungal microfibers containing 0.09 g polymer of glucosamine (GlcN)/g AIM was subjected to freeze-thaw and deacetylation treatments to increase the amount of GlcN. The GlcN fraction was 0.19 and 0.34 g polymer of GlcN/g AIM, for AIM subjected to deacetylation (AIM-DAC) and freeze-thaw cycles and deacetylation (AIM-FRTH-DAC), respectively. The increased GlcN fraction enabled the formation of hydrogels via the protonation of amino groups after the addition of lactic acid. Morphological differences in the hydrogels included aggregation of the fungal microfibers in the AIM-DAC hydrogel, whereas the microfibers in the AIM-FRTH-DAC hydrogel had a porous and interconnected network. Rheological assessment revealed shear thinning behavior and gel properties of the produced hydrogels. Wet spinning of the hydrogels resulted in monofilaments with tensile strengths of up to 70 MPa and 12 % elongation at break. This demonstrates promising avenues for biomaterial development from fungal cell walls containing chitin-glucan via food waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie E Svensson
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden.
| | | | - Naba Kumar Kalita
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Akram Zamani
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden.
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Haripriya P, Vijayakrishna K. Synthesis of poly(ionic liquid-OH) mediated deacetylated chitin and its hydrogels: A study on their applications in controlled release of paracetamol and urea. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131230. [PMID: 38574909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to the biodegradable and biocompatible nature of chitin and chitosan, they are extensively used in the synthesis of hydrogels for various applications. In this work, deacetylation of chitin is carried out with alkaline poly(dimethyldiallylammonium-hydroxide) that gave a higher amount of water-soluble chitin (with 84 % of the degree of deacetylation = chitosan0.84) compared to deacetylation using NaOH. The water-soluble chitosan0.84 is used as intercalating chains for the preparation of acrylic acid and vinylimidazole-based hydrogels. The quaternization of imidazole groups is done with 1,ω-dibromoalkanes, which sets off the crosslinking in the above polymer network. A set of three chitosan0.84 intercalated hydrogels, namely Cs-C4-hydrogel, Cs-C5-hydrogel, and Cs-C10-hydrogel are prepared bearing butyl, pentyl, and decyl chains as respective crosslinkers. The swell ratios of these intercalated hydrogels are compared with those of non-intercalated hydrogels (C4-hydrogel, C5-hydrogel, and C10-hydrogel). Chitosan0.84 intercalated Cs-C10-hydrogel has excellent swelling properties (2330 % swelling ratio) among six synthesized hydrogels. SEM analysis reveals that decyl crosslinker-bearing hydrogels are highly porous. The multi-functionality of Cs-C10-hydrogel and C10-hydrogel is explored towards -the controlled release of paracetamol/urea, and methyleneblue dye absorption. These studies disclose that chitosan0.84 intercalated hydrogels are showing superior-swelling behavior, high paracetamol/urea loading capacities and better dye entrapment than their non-intercalated counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patra Haripriya
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Kari Vijayakrishna
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India.
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Egle K, Dohle E, Hoffmann V, Salma I, Al-Maawi S, Ghanaati S, Dubnika A. Fucoidan/chitosan hydrogels as carrier for sustained delivery of platelet-rich fibrin containing bioactive molecules. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129651. [PMID: 38280707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), derived from human blood, rich in wound healing components, has drawbacks in direct injections, such as rapid matrix degradation and growth factor release. Marine polysaccharides, mimicking the human extracellular matrix, show promising potential in tissue engineering. In this study, we impregnated the self-assembled fucoidan/chitosan (FU_CS) hydrogels with PRF obtaining PRF/FU_CS hydrogels. Our objective was to analyze the properties of a hydrogel and the sustained release of growth factors from the hydrogel that incorporates PRF. The results of SEM and BET-BJH demonstrated the relatively porous nature of the FU_CS hydrogels. ELISA data showed that combining FU_CS hydrogel with PRF led to a gradual 7-day sustained release of growth factors (VEGF, EGF, IL-8, PDGF-BB, TGF-β1), compared to pure PRF. Histology confirmed ELISA data, demonstrating uniform PRF fibrin network distribution within the FU_CS hydrogel matrix. Furthermore, the FU_CS hydrogels revealed excellent cell viability. The results revealed that the PRF/FU_CS hydrogel has the potential to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. This would be the first step in the search for improved growth factor release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Egle
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Eva Dohle
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Verena Hoffmann
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilze Salma
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Sarah Al-Maawi
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Arita Dubnika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia.
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Zhang S, Zhao G, Mahotra M, Ma S, Li W, Lee HW, Yu H, Sampathkumar K, Xie D, Guo J, Loo SCJ. Chitosan nanofibrous scaffold with graded and controlled release of ciprofloxacin and BMP-2 nanoparticles for the conception of bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127912. [PMID: 37939763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The repair of bone defects using grafts is commonly employed in clinical practice. However, the risk of infection poses a significant concern. Tissue engineering scaffolds with antibacterial functionalities offer a better approach for bone tissue repair. In this work, firstly, two kinds of nanoparticles were prepared using chitosan to complex with ciprofloxacin and BMP-2, respectively. The ciprofloxacin complex nanoparticles improved the dissolution efficiency of ciprofloxacin achieving a potent antibacterial effect and cumulative release reached 95 % in 7 h. For BMP-2 complexed nanoparticles, the release time points can be programmed at 80 h, 100 h or 180 h by regulating the number of coating chitosan layers. Secondly, a functional scaffold was prepared by combining the two nanoparticles with chitosan nanofibers. The microscopic nanofiber structure of the scaffold with 27.28 m2/g specific surface area promotes cell adhesion, high porosity provides space for cell growth, and facilitates drug loading and release. The multifunctional scaffold exhibits programmed release function, and has obvious antibacterial effect at the initial stage of implantation, and releases BMP-2 to promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells after the antibacterial effect ends. The scaffold is expected to be applied in clinical bone repair and graft infection prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guanglei Zhao
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Manish Mahotra
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shiyuan Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, 637335, Singapore
| | - Hiang Wee Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hong Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Kaarunya Sampathkumar
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Denghui Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Jinshan Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore.
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Patel DK, Jung E, Priya S, Won SY, Han SS. Recent advances in biopolymer-based hydrogels and their potential biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121408. [PMID: 37940291 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of polymer chains containing large amounts of water in their structure. Hydrogels have received significant attention in biomedical applications owing to their attractive physicochemical properties, including flexibility, softness, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Different natural and synthetic polymers have been intensely explored in developing hydrogels for the desired applications. Biopolymers-based hydrogels have advantages over synthetic polymers regarding improved cellular activity and weak immune response. These properties can be further improved by grafting with other polymers or adding nanomaterials, and they structurally mimic the living tissue environments, which opens their broad applicability. The hydrogels can be physically or chemically cross-linked depending on the structure. The use of different biopolymers-based hydrogels in biomedical applications has been reviewed and discussed earlier. However, no report is still available to comprehensively introduce the synthesis, advantages, disadvantages, and biomedical applications of biopolymers-based hydrogels from the material point of view. Herein, we systematically overview different synthesis methods of hydrogels and provide a holistic approach to biopolymers-based hydrogels for biomedical applications, especially in bone regeneration, wound healing, drug delivery, bioimaging, and therapy. The current challenges and prospects of biopolymers-based hydrogels are highlighted rationally, giving an insight into the progress of these hydrogels and their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Patel
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseo Jung
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sahariya Priya
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Won
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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