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Nagl M, Haske-Cornelius O, Bauer W, Csarman F, Ludwig R, Nyanhongo GS, Guebitz GM. Towards a better understanding of synergistic enzyme effects during refining of cellulose fibers. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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2
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Li X, Kouzounis D, Kabel MA, de Vries RP. GH10 and GH11 endoxylanases in Penicillium subrubescens: comparative characterization and synergy with GH51, GH54, GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidases from the same fungus. N Biotechnol 2022; 70:84-92. [PMID: 35597447 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium subrubescens has an expanded set of genes encoding putative endoxylanases (PsXLNs) compared to most other Penicillia and other fungi. In this study, all GH10 and GH11 PsXLNs were produced heterologously in Pichia pastoris and characterized. They were active towards beech wood xylan (BWX) and wheat flour arabinoxylan (WAX), and showed stability over a wide pH range. Additionally, PsXLNs released distinct oligosaccharides from WAX, and showed significant cooperative action with P. subrubescens α-L-arabinofuranosidases (PsABFs) from GH51 or GH54 for WAX degradation, giving insight into a more diverse XLN and ABF system for the efficient degradation of complex hemicelluloses. Homology modelling analysis pointed out differences in the catalytic center of PsXLNs, which are discussed in view of the different modes of action observed. These findings facilitate understanding of structural requirements for substrate recognition to contribute to recombinant XLN engineering for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Kouzounis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam A Kabel
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald P de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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3
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Duarte ME, Tyus J, Kim SW. Synbiotic Effects of Enzyme and Probiotics on Intestinal Health and Growth of Newly Weaned Pigs Challenged With Enterotoxigenic F18 + Escherichia coli. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:573. [PMID: 33033721 PMCID: PMC7509054 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with xylanase and probiotics on growth performance and intestinal health of nursery pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Sixty-four newly weaned pigs (32 barrows and 32 gilts with 7.9 ± 0.4 kg BW) were allotted in a randomized complete block design (2 × 2 factorial). Two factors were ETEC challenge (oral inoculation of saline solution or E. coli F18+ at 6 × 109 CFU) and synbiotics (none or a combination of xylanase 10,000 XU/kg and Bacillus sp. 2 × 108 CFU/kg). All pigs were fed experimental diets following NRC (2012) in two phases (P1 for 10 d and P2 for 11 d). The ETEC was orally inoculated on d 7 after weaning. Feed intake and BW were measured on d 7, 10, 15, and 20. On d 20, pigs were euthanized to collect samples to measure gut health parameters and microbiome. Synbiotics increased (P < 0.05) ADG in phase 1 and ETEC reduced (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F in the post-challenge period. ETEC increased (P < 0.05) the fecal score of pigs from d 7 to 13; however, synbiotics reduced (P < 0.05) it at d 9 and 11 in challenged pigs. ETEC increased (P < 0.05) mucosal MDA, IL-6, Ki-67+, and crypt depth, whereas synbiotics tended to reduce TNFα (P = 0.093), protein carbonyl (P = 0.065), and IL-6 (P = 0.064); reduced (P < 0.05) crypt depth and Ki-67+; and increased (P < 0.05) villus height. ETEC reduced (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and increased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In conclusion, ETEC challenge reduced growth performance by affecting microbiome, immune response, and oxidative stress in the jejunum. Synbiotics enhanced growth performance by reducing diarrhea, immune response, and oxidative stress in the jejunum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Elias Duarte
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - James Tyus
- BioResource International, Inc., Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Hagiwara Y, Mihara Y, Sakagami K, Sagara R, Bat-Erdene U, Yatsunami R, Nakamura S. Isolation of four xylanases capable of hydrolyzing corn fiber xylan from Paenibacillus sp. H2C. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:640-650. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1693253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Corn fibre xylan (CX) shows high resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis due to its densely decorated side chains. To find enzymes capable of hydrolyzing CX, we isolated a bacterial strain (named H2C) from soil, by enrichment culture using non-starch polysaccharides of corn as the sole carbon source. Analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequence placed strain H2C within genus Paenibacillus. Enzymes were purified from supernatant of culture broth of strain H2C based on solubilizing activities toward CX. Four enzymes, Xyn5A, Xyn10B, Xyn11A, and Xyn30A, were successfully identified, which belong to glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, 5, 10, 11, and 30, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis classified Xyn5A in subfamily 35 of GH family 5, a subfamily of unknown function. Their activities toward beechwood xylan and/or wheat arabinoxylan indicated that these enzymes are β-1,4-xylanases. They showed high solubilizing activities toward a feed material, corn dried distiller’s grains with solubles, compared to five previously characterized xylanases.
Abbreviations : CX: corn fibre xylan; DDGS: corn dried distiller’s grains with solubles
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hagiwara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- Process Development Laboratories, Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mihara
- Process Development Laboratories, Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Sakagami
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryuta Sagara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Undramaa Bat-Erdene
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rie Yatsunami
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamura
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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5
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Krska D, Larsbrink J. Investigation of a thermostable multi-domain xylanase-glucuronoyl esterase enzyme from Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii incorporating multiple carbohydrate-binding modules. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:68. [PMID: 32308737 PMCID: PMC7151638 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient degradation of lignocellulosic biomass has become a major bottleneck in industrial processes which attempt to use biomass as a carbon source for the production of biofuels and materials. To make the most effective use of the source material, both the hemicellulosic as well as cellulosic parts of the biomass should be targeted, and as such both hemicellulases and cellulases are important enzymes in biorefinery processes. Using thermostable versions of these enzymes can also prove beneficial in biomass degradation, as they can be expected to act faster than mesophilic enzymes and the process can also be improved by lower viscosities at higher temperatures, as well as prevent the introduction of microbial contamination. RESULTS This study presents the investigation of the thermostable, dual-function xylanase-glucuronoyl esterase enzyme CkXyn10C-GE15A from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii. Biochemical characterization of the enzyme was performed, including assays for establishing the melting points for the different protein domains, activity assays for the two catalytic domains, as well as binding assays for the multiple carbohydrate-binding domains present in CkXyn10C-GE15A. Although the enzyme domains are naturally linked together, when added separately to biomass, the expected boosting of the xylanase action was not seen. This lack of intramolecular synergy might suggest, together with previous data, that increased xylose release is not the main beneficial trait given by glucuronoyl esterases. CONCLUSIONS Due to its thermostability, CkXyn10C-GE15A is a promising candidate for industrial processes, with both catalytic domains exhibiting melting temperatures over 70 °C. Of particular interest is the glucuronoyl esterase domain, as it represents the first studied thermostable enzyme displaying this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krska
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Larsbrink
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Cornaggia C, Evans DE, Draga A, Mangan D, McCleary BV. Prediction of potential malt extract and beer filterability using conventional and novel malt assays. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Evan Evans
- The Tassie Beer Dr Consulting; 15 Rianna Road Lindisfarne Tasmania 7015 Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania; Private Bag 55 Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia
| | - Anna Draga
- Megazyme u.c., Bray Business Park; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
| | - David Mangan
- Megazyme u.c., Bray Business Park; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
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Zhang W, Yang Y, Liu X, Liu C, Bai Z. Development of a secretory expression system with high compatibility between expression elements and an optimized host for endoxylanase production in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:72. [PMID: 30995928 PMCID: PMC6471998 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In terms of protein production, the internal environment of the host influences the activity of expression elements, thus affecting the expression level of the target protein. Native expression elements from a specific strain always function well in the original host. In the present study, to enhance the endoxylanase (XynA) production level in Corynebacterium glutamicum CGMCC1.15647 with its native expression elements, approaches to reduce host expression obstacles and to promote expression were evaluated. RESULTS We identified the signal peptide of CspB2 in C. glutamicum CGMCC1.15647 by MALDI-TOF and applied it along with its promoter for the production of endoxylanase (XynA) in this strain. The native cspB2 promoter and cspB2 signal peptide are superior to the well-used cspB1 promoter and cspA signal peptide for XynA expression in C. glutamicum CGMCC1.15647, and expression in this strain is superior to the expression in C. glutamicum ATCC13032. The highest XynA secretion efficiency level in deep 24-well plates level (2492.88 U/mL) was achieved by disruption of the cell wall protein CspB2 and the protease ClpS, chromosomal integration of xynA and coexisting plasmid expression, which increased expression 11.43- and 1.35-fold compared to that of chromosomal expression and pXMJ19-xynA-mediated expression in the original strain, respectively. In fed-batch cultivation, the highest XynA accumulation (1.77 g/L) was achieved in the culture supernatant after 44 h of cultivation. CONCLUSION Adaptation between the expression elements and the host is crucial for XynA production in C. glutamicum CGMCC1.15647. Strategies including host optimization, chromosomal integration, and coexistence of plasmids were useful for efficient protein production in C. glutamicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Yankun Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Chunli Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
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Little A, Lahnstein J, Jeffery DW, Khor SF, Schwerdt JG, Shirley NJ, Hooi M, Xing X, Burton RA, Bulone V. A Novel (1,4)-β-Linked Glucoxylan Is Synthesized by Members of the Cellulose Synthase-Like F Gene Family in Land Plants. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:73-84. [PMID: 30693327 PMCID: PMC6346400 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As a significant component of monocot cell walls, (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan has conclusively been shown to be synthesized by the cellulose synthase-like F6 protein. In this study, we investigated the synthetic activity of other members of the barley (Hordeum vulgare) CslF gene family using heterologous expression. As expected, the majority of the genes encode proteins that are capable of synthesizing detectable levels of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan. However, overexpression of HvCslF3 and HvCslF10 genes resulted in the synthesis of a novel linear glucoxylan that consists of (1,4)-β-linked glucose and xylose residues. To demonstrate that this product was not an aberration of the heterologous system, the characteristic (1,4)-β-linkage between glucose and xylose was confirmed to be present in wild type barley tissues known to contain HvCslF3 and HvCslF10 transcripts. This polysaccharide linkage has also been reported in species of Ulva, a marine green alga, and has significant implications for defining the specificity of the cell wall content of many crop species. This finding supports previous observations that members of a single CSL family may not possess the same carbohydrate synthetic activity, with the CSLF family now associated with the formation of not only (1,3)- and (1,4)-β-glucosidic linkages, but also (1,4)-β-glucosidic and (1,4)-β-xylosidic linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Little
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Jelle Lahnstein
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Adelaide
Glycomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - David W. Jeffery
- School
of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University
of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen
Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Shi F. Khor
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Julian G. Schwerdt
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Neil J. Shirley
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Michelle Hooi
- Adelaide
Glycomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Xing
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Adelaide
Glycomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Rachel A. Burton
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- School
of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University
of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen
Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Vincent Bulone
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Agriculture, Food
and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- Adelaide
Glycomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
- School
of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University
of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen
Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
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Development of an automatable method for the measurement of endo-1,4-β-xylanase activity in barley malt and initial investigation into the relationship between endo-1,4-β-xylanase activity and wort viscosity. J Cereal Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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