Gallic acid-derived palladium(0) nanoparticles as in situ-formed catalyst for Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction in ethanol under open air

Recent Progress of Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts for C–C Bond Forming Reactions

Over the past few decades, the use of transition metal nanoparticles (NPs) in catalysis has attracted much attention and their use in C–C bond forming reactions constitutes one of their most important applications. A huge variety of metal NPs, which have showed high catalytic activity for C–C bond forming reactions, have been developed up to now. Many kinds of stabilizers, such as inorganic materials, magnetically recoverable materials, porous materials, organic–inorganic composites, carbon materials, polymers, and surfactants have been utilized to develop metal NPs catalysts. This review classified and outlined the categories of metal NPs by the type of support.

Effect of Substrates on Catalytic Activity of Biogenic Palladium Nanoparticles in C-C Cross-Coupling Reactions

This work describes a practical methodology for C-C bond formation reactions with the aid of biogenic palladium nanoparticles, which are synthesized by using phytochemicals extracted from two common plant species. Comparative studies have been done on the activity of two plant species (Ocimum sanctum and Aloe vera) in generation of palladium nanoparticles via ex situ and in situ methods. The structural and morphological characteristics of the nanoparticles are examined by UV/visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. We have observed a significant influence of the substrates on the catalytic activity of the palladium nanoparticles in Sonogashira and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions.

Biogenic synthesis of palladium nanoparticles and their applications as catalyst and antimicrobial agent

This paper describes a simple in-situ process of synthesizing highly dispersed palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) using aqueous leaf extract of GarciniapedunculataRoxb as bio-reductant and starch (0.3%) as bio-stabilizer. The PdNPs are characterized by techniques like FTIR, TEM, SEM-EDX, XRD and XPS analysis. It is worthnoting thatwhen the synthesis of nanoparticles was carried out in absence of starch, agglomeration of particles has been noticed.The starch-assisted PdNPs showed excellent aqueous-phase catalytic activities for three important reactions: the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides (aryl bromides and iodides) with arylboronic acids; selective oxidations of alcohols to corresponding carbonyl compounds; and reduction of toxic Cr(VI) to nontoxic Cr(III). Our catalyst could be reused up to four cycles without much compromising with its activity. Furthermore, the material also demonstrated excellent antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities against a novel multidrug resistant clinical bacterial isolate Cronobactersakazakii strain AMD04. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PdNPswere found to be 0.06 and 0.12 mM respectively.