1
|
Liu H, Sun F, Xu J, Zhang H, Wu T, Han S, Zhang S, Mo Y, Ling L, Zhang R, Fan M, Wang B. A density functional theory study on the mechanism of toluene from dimethylcyclopentane catalyzed by the [GaH] 2+ active site of Ga-ZSM-5. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:7137-7148. [PMID: 38348666 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04416e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The ONIOM (ωb97xd/6-31G(d,p):pm6) method was used to study the reaction mechanism of dimethylcyclopentane to toluene by the [GaH]2+ active site of Ga-ZSM-5. The results showed that the rate-determining step in the dimethylcyclopentane aromatization process is the ring expansion process. Compared to those of methylcyclopentane to benzene (D. D. Zhang, H. Y. Liu, L. X. Ling, H. R. Zhang, R. G. Zhang, P. Liu and B. J. Wang, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 10988-11003.), the free energy barriers of dimethylcyclopentane to toluene are significantly decreased, indicating that toluene is easier to produce than benzene, which confirmed the experimental results that a higher proportion of toluene than benzene is produced in the MTA process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Furong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Junzhuo Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Hairong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Tingting Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Shenghua Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Shijun Zhang
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Mo
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Lixia Ling
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China
| | - Riguang Zhang
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
| | - Maohong Fan
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, and School of Energy Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Baojun Wang
- State Key Laoratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yuan Y, Zhao Z, Lobo RF, Xu B. Site Diversity and Mechanism of Metal-Exchanged Zeolite Catalyzed Non-Oxidative Propane Dehydrogenation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207756. [PMID: 36897033 PMCID: PMC10161086 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal-exchanged zeolites are well-known propane dehydrogenation (PDH) catalysts; however, the structure of the active species remains unresolved. In this review, existing PDH catalysts are first surveyed, and then the current understanding of metal-exchanged zeolite catalysts is described in detail. The case of Ga/H-ZSM-5 is employed to showcase that advances in the understanding of structure-activity relations are often accompanied by technological or conceptional breakthroughs. The understanding of Ga speciation at PDH conditions has evolved owing to the advent of in situ/operando characterizations and to the realization that the local coordination environment of Ga species afforded by the zeolite support has a decisive impact on the active site structure. In situ/operando quantitative characterization of catalysts, rigorous determination of intrinsic reaction rates, and predictive computational modeling are all significant in identifying the most active structure in these complex systems. The reaction mechanism could be both intricately related to and nearly independent of the details of the assumed active structure, as in the two main proposed PDH mechanisms on Ga/H-ZSM-5, that is, the carbenium mechanism and the alkyl mechanism. Perspectives on potential approaches to further elucidate the active structure of metal-exchanged zeolite catalysts and reaction mechanisms are discussed in the final section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yuan
- Center for Catalytic Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA
| | - Zhaoqi Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Raul F. Lobo
- Center for Catalytic Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA
| | - Bingjun Xu
- Center for Catalytic Science and TechnologyDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE19716USA
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Recent Progress of Ga-Based Catalysts for Catalytic Conversion of Light Alkanes. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient and clean conversion of light alkanes is a research hotspot in the petrochemical industry, and the development of effective and eco-friendly non-noble metal-based catalysts is a key factor in this field. Among them, gallium is a metal component with good catalytic performance, which has been extensively used for light alkanes conversion. Herein, we critically summarize recent developments in the preparation of gallium-based catalysts and their applications in the catalytic conversion of light alkanes. First, we briefly describe the different routes of light alkane conversion. Following that, the remarkable preparation methods for gallium-based catalysts are discussed, with their state-of-the-art application in light alkane conversion. It should be noticed that the directional preparation of specific Ga species, strengthening metal-support interactions to anchor Ga species, and the application of new kinds of methods for Ga-based catalysts preparation are at the leading edge. Finally, the review provides some current limitations and future perspectives for the development of gallium-based catalysts. Recently, different kinds of Ga species were reported to be active in alkane conversion, and how to separate them with advanced in situ and ex situ characterizations is still a problem that needs to be solved. We believe that this review can provide base information for the preparation and application of Ga-based catalysts in the current stage. With these summarizations, this review can inspire new research directions of gallium-based catalysts in the catalysis conversion of light alkanes with ameliorated performances.
Collapse
|
4
|
Farberow CA, Wegener EC, Kumar A, Miller JH, Dupuis DP, Kim S, Ruddy DA. Connecting cation site location to alkane dehydrogenation activity in Ni/BEA catalysts. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
5
|
Zheng X, Chen S, Liu W, Xiang K, Liu H. The Design of Sulfated Ce/HZSM-5 for Catalytic Decomposition of CF4. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132717. [PMID: 35808762 PMCID: PMC9268841 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CF4 has a global warming potential of 6500 and possesses a lifetime of 50,000 years. In this study, we modified the HZSM-5 catalyst with Ce and sulfuric acid treatment. The S/Ce/HZSM-5 catalyst achieves 41% of CF4 conversion at 500 °C, which is four times higher than that over Ce/HZSM-5, while the HZSM-5 exhibits no catalytic activity. The effects of modification were studied by using NH3-TPD, FT-IR of pyridine adsorption, and XPS methods. The results indicated that the modification, especially the sulfuric acid treatment, strongly increased the Lewis acidic sites, strong acidic sites, and moderate acidic sites on catalysts, which are the main active centers for CF4 decomposition. The mechanism of acidic sites increases by modification and CF4 decomposition is clarified. The results of this work will help the development of more effective catalysts for CF4 decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xie Zheng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (X.Z.); (S.C.); (W.L.); (H.L.)
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shijie Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (X.Z.); (S.C.); (W.L.); (H.L.)
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wanning Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (X.Z.); (S.C.); (W.L.); (H.L.)
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kaisong Xiang
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-731-88830875; Fax: +86-731-88710171
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (X.Z.); (S.C.); (W.L.); (H.L.)
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ni L, Khare R, Bermejo-Deval R, Zhao R, Tao L, Liu Y, Lercher JA. Highly Active and Selective Sites for Propane Dehydrogenation in Zeolite Ga-BEA. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12347-12356. [PMID: 35771043 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly selective Ga-modified zeolite BEA for propane dehydrogenation has been synthesized by grafting Ga on Zn-BEA followed by removal of Zn in the presence of H2. A propene selectivity of 82% at 19% propane conversion illustrates the high selectivity at 813 K. The kinetic model of the catalyzed dehydrogenation including the elementary steps of propane adsorption, first and second C-H bond cleavage, and propene and H2 desorption demonstrates that the propane dehydrogenation rate is determined by the first C-H bond cleavage at low pC3H8, while at high pC3H8, the rate is limited by the desorption of H2. The active sites have been identified as dehydrated and tetrahedrally coordinated Ga3+ in the *BEA lattice. The low selectivity toward aromatics is concluded to be associated with the high Lewis acid strength of lattice Ga3+ and the low Brønsted acid strength of the hydrated Ga sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Rachit Khare
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Ricardo Bermejo-Deval
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Ruixue Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Johannes A Lercher
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany.,Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu Y, Yu W, Zhang H, Xin J, He X, Liu B, Jiang F, Liu X. Suppressing C–C Bond Dissociation for Efficient Ethane Dehydrogenation over the Isolated Co(II) Sites in SAPO-34. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuebing Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenda Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Xin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui He
- Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohao Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng Z, Liu X, Wang Y, Meng C. Recent Advances on Gallium-Modified ZSM-5 for Conversion of Light Hydrocarbons. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082234. [PMID: 33924390 PMCID: PMC8069487 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Light olefins are key components of modern chemical industry and are feedstocks for the production of many commodity chemicals widely used in our daily life. It would be of great economic significance to convert light alkanes, produced during the refining of crude oil or extracted during the processing of natural gas selectively to value-added products, such as light alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., through catalytic dehydrogenation. Among various catalysts developed, Ga-modified ZSM-5-based catalysts exhibit superior catalytic performance and stability in dehydrogenation of light alkanes. In this mini review, we summarize the progress on synthesis and application of Ga-modified ZSM-5 as catalysts in dehydrogenation of light alkanes to olefins, and the dehydroaromatization to aromatics in the past two decades, as well as the discussions on in-situ formation and evolution of reactive Ga species as catalytic centers and the reaction mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Liu
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (C.M.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Phadke NM, Mansoor E, Head-Gordon M, Bell AT. Mechanism and Kinetics of Light Alkane Dehydrogenation and Cracking over Isolated Ga Species in Ga/H-MFI. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neelay M. Phadke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Erum Mansoor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alexis T. Bell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Batchu SP, Wang HL, Chen W, Zheng W, Caratzoulas S, Lobo RF, Vlachos DG. Ethane Dehydrogenation on Single and Dual Centers of Ga-modified γ-Al 2O 3. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Praneet Batchu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation and RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Hsuan-Lan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation and RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Weiqi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation and RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Weiqing Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation and RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Stavros Caratzoulas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation and RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Raul F. Lobo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation and RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation and RAPID Manufacturing Institute, Delaware Energy Institute (DEI), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dai Y, Gao X, Wang Q, Wan X, Zhou C, Yang Y. Recent progress in heterogeneous metal and metal oxide catalysts for direct dehydrogenation of ethane and propane. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5590-5630. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01260b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal and metal oxide catalysts for non-oxidative ethane/propane dehydrogenation are outlined with respect to catalyst synthesis, structure–property relationship and catalytic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihu Dai
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Xing Gao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Qiaojuan Wang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Xiaoyue Wan
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Chunmei Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Yanhui Yang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao X, Chu Y, Qi G, Wang Q, Gao W, Wang X, Li S, Xu J, Deng F. Probing the active sites for methane activation on Ga/ZSM-5 zeolites with solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12029-12032. [PMID: 32901633 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04298f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ga-modified zeolites represent the most effective catalyst for catalytic transformation of light alkanes to aromatics. GaO+ ions and GaOx clusters on Ga/ZSM-5 zeolites are probed by solid-state NMR. These two types of Ga species show strong Lewis acidity and are quantitatively correlated with the catalytic activity of Ga/ZSM-5 for methane C-H bond activation. The interaction between the surface Ga species and zeolite is characterized by using double-resonance solid-state NMR spectroscopy, which provides direct spectroscopic evidence for the location and distribution of active Ga species. These results provide new insight into the understanding of the nature and role of Ga species in Ga-modified zeolites for the conversion of light alkanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingling Zhao
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Insights on Ga-zeolite catalysts: X-ray powder diffraction and absorption spectroscopy characterization at ambient conditions. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
14
|
Dauda I, Yusuf M, Gbadamasi S, Bello M, Atta AY, Aderemi BO, Jibril BY. Highly Selective Hierarchical ZnO/ZSM-5 Catalysts for Propane Aromatization. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2725-2733. [PMID: 32095696 PMCID: PMC7033974 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical ZnO/ZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by desilication and impregnation with 2 wt % metallic ZnO. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed that the structures of the hierarchical zeolites were relatively preserved despite desilication but were accompanied with sequential loss in crystallinity, likewise Bro̷nsted acidity causing decline in conversion or activity of the catalyst. However, pyridine FTIR shows enhancement of the Bro̷nsted acidic sites. Throughout the activity test, the hierarchical ZnO/ZSM-5 catalysts showed an outstanding performance within 5 h on stream with the average aromatic (benzene, toluene, and xylenes) selectivity trend, represented by their NaOH concentrations 0.3 M > 0.4 M > 0.2 M > 0.1 M corresponding to 61.0, 53.5, 40.3, and 36.8%, respectively. Their average propane conversions within the same period followed a consecutive trend 0.1 M > 0.2 M > 0.3 M > 0.4 M conforming to 34.1, 24.8, 17.3, and 10.2%, respectively. These were compared with that of the reference (ZnO/ZSM-5), which exhibited an average aromatic selectivity of 25.2% and propane conversion of 39.7%. Furthermore, the hierarchical catalyst generally displayed a low amount of C9+ heavier aromatics with the ZnO/ZSM-5(0.3 M) catalyst having the lowest C9+ selectivity of 23.7% compared to the reference catalyst with 72.7% at the same time on stream.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim
B. Dauda
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha Yusuf
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria
| | - Sharafadeen Gbadamasi
- National
Research Institute for Chemical Technology, P.M.B 1052, Basawa, Zaria 810222, Nigeria
| | - Mukhtar Bello
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria
| | - Abdulazeez Y. Atta
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin O. Aderemi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria
| | - Baba Y. Jibril
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810261, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Maeno Z, Yasumura S, Wu X, Huang M, Liu C, Toyao T, Shimizu KI. Isolated Indium Hydrides in CHA Zeolites: Speciation and Catalysis for Nonoxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4820-4832. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zen Maeno
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Yasumura
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Xiaopeng Wu
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Mengwen Huang
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Chong Liu
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takashi Toyao
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Shimizu
- Institute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University, N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Niu X, Nie X, Yang C, Chen JG. CO 2-Assisted propane aromatization over phosphorus-modified Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02589h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and stable phosphorus-modified Ga/ZSM-5 catalysts are identified for a one-step process of CO2-assisted propane aromatization to liquid aromatics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Niu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Xiaowa Nie
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Columbia University
- New York
- USA
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
| | - Chunhui Yang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Jingguang G. Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Columbia University
- New York
- USA
- Chemistry Division
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Unexpected reactivity of “GaI” towards N,N′-diaryl-β-diketiminate tin(II) chloride: Synthesis, X-ray diffraction analysis and DFT studies. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
18
|
Gomez E, Nie X, Lee JH, Xie Z, Chen JG. Tandem Reactions of CO 2 Reduction and Ethane Aromatization. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17771-17782. [PMID: 31615202 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aromatization of light alkanes is of great interest because this can expand the raw materials used to produce aromatics to include fractions of natural gas that are readily available and inexpensive. Combining CO2 reduction with ethane dehydrogenation and aromatization can also mitigate CO2 emissions. A one-step process that can produce liquid aromatics from the reactions of CO2 and ethane using phosphorus (P)- and gallium (Ga)-modified ZSM-5 has been evaluated at 873 K and atmospheric pressure. The addition of P improves the hydrothermal stability of Ga/ZSM-5, reduces coke formation on the catalyst surface, and allows the formation of more liquid aromatics through the tandem reactions of CO2-assisted oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane and subsequent aromatization. Density functional theory calculations provide insights into the effect of Ga- and P- modification on ethane dehydrogenation to ethylene as well as the role of CO2 on the production of aromatics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Xiaowa Nie
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States.,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian , 116024 , P. R. China
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
| | - Zhenhua Xie
- Chemistry Division , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Jingguang G Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States.,Chemistry Division , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Thivasasith A, Maihom T, Pengpanich S, Limtrakul J, Wattanakit C. Insights into the reaction mechanism of n-hexane dehydroaromatization to benzene over gallium embedded HZSM-5: effect of H 2 incorporated on active sites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5359-5367. [PMID: 30468221 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05864d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic dehydroaromatization of alkanes to aromatics has attracted considerable attention from the scientific community, because it can be used for the upgrading of low-cost alkanes into high added-value aromatics, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX). In this context, we report the reaction mechanism of n-hexane dehydroaromatization to benzene over two different reduced gallium species embedded in HZSM-5, including univalent Ga+ embedded in HZSM-5 (Ga/HZSM-5) and dihydrido gallium complex (GaH2+) embedded in HZSM-5 (GaH2/HZSM-5) by using the M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level of calculation. The reaction proceeds by following two main steps: (i) the dehydrogenation of hexane to haxa-1,3,5-triene; (ii) the dehydroaromatization of haxa-1,3,5-triene to benzene. For the univalent Ga+ embedded in HZSM-5, the first step of the hexane dehydrogenation is considered to be the rate-determining step, which requires a high activation energy of 76.6 kcal mol-1. In strong contrast to this, in the case of the GaH2/HZSM-5 catalyst the rate determining step is found to be the second hydrogen abstraction from n-hexane with a lower activation barrier of 11.1 kcal mol-1. The reaction is therefore preferentially taking place over the GaH2/HZSM-5 catalyst. These observations clearly confirm the existence of a dihydrido gallium complex (GaH2+) as one of the most active species for the dehydroaromatization of alkanes and it is obtained in the presence of hydrogen in the catalytic system. This example opens up perspectives for a better understanding of the effect of active species on the catalytic reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anawat Thivasasith
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Phadke NM, Mansoor E, Bondil M, Head-Gordon M, Bell AT. Mechanism and Kinetics of Propane Dehydrogenation and Cracking over Ga/H-MFI Prepared via Vapor-Phase Exchange of H-MFI with GaCl 3. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1614-1627. [PMID: 30586991 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the mechanism and kinetics of C3H8 dehydrogenation and cracking are examined over Ga/H-MFI catalysts prepared via vapor-phase exchange of H-MFI with GaCl3. The present study demonstrates that [GaH]2+ cations are the active centers for C3H8 dehydrogenation and cracking, independent of the Ga/Al ratio. For identical reaction conditions, [GaH]2+ cations in Ga/H-MFI exhibit a turnover frequency for C3H8 dehydrogenation that is 2 orders of magnitude higher and for C3H8 cracking, that is 1 order of magnitude higher than the corresponding turnover frequencies over H-MFI. C3H8 dehydrogenation and cracking exhibit first-order kinetics with respect to C3H8 over H-MFI, but both reactions exhibit first-order kinetics over Ga/H-MFI only at very low C3H8 partial pressures and zero-order kinetics at higher C3H8 partial pressures. H2 inhibits both reactions over Ga/H-MFI. It is also found that the ratio of the rate of dehydrogenation to the rate of cracking over Ga/H-MFI is independent of C3H8 and H2 partial pressures but weakly dependent on temperature. Measured activation enthalpies together with theoretical analysis are consistent with a mechanism in which both the dehydrogenation and cracking of C3H8 proceed over Ga/H-MFI via reversible, heterolytic dissociation of C3H8 at [GaH]2+ sites to form [C3H7-GaH]+-H+ cation pairs. The rate-determining step for dehydrogenation is the β-hydride elimination of C3H6 and H2 from the C3H7 fragment. The rate-determining step for cracking is C-C bond attack of the same propyl fragment by the proximal Brønsted acid O-H group. H2 inhibits both dehydrogenation and cracking over Ga/H-MFI via reaction with [GaH]2+ cations to form [GaH2]+-H+ cation pairs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelay M Phadke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Erum Mansoor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Matthieu Bondil
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland CH-1015
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Alexis T Bell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Impact of long-range electrostatic and dispersive interactions on theoretical predictions of adsorption and catalysis in zeolites. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
22
|
Mansoor E, Head-Gordon M, Bell AT. Computational Modeling of the Nature and Role of Ga Species for Light Alkane Dehydrogenation Catalyzed by Ga/H-MFI. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b04295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erum Mansoor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462
| | - Alexis T. Bell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1462
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Schreiber MW, Plaisance CP, Baumgärtl M, Reuter K, Jentys A, Bermejo-Deval R, Lercher JA. Lewis-Brønsted Acid Pairs in Ga/H-ZSM-5 To Catalyze Dehydrogenation of Light Alkanes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4849-4859. [PMID: 29488757 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The active sites for propane dehydrogenation in Ga/H-ZSM-5 with moderate concentrations of tetrahedral aluminum in the lattice were identified to be Lewis-Brønsted acid pairs. With increasing availability, Ga+ and Brønsted acid site concentrations changed inversely, as protons of Brønsted acid sites were exchanged with Ga+. At a Ga/Al ratio of 1/2, the rate of propane dehydrogenation was 2 orders of magnitude higher than with the parent H-ZSM-5, highlighting the extraordinary activity of the Lewis-Brønsted acid pairs. Density functional theory calculations relate the high activity to a bifunctional mechanism that proceeds via heterolytic activation of the propane C-H bond followed by a monomolecular elimination of H2 and desorption of propene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz W Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Craig P Plaisance
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Martin Baumgärtl
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Andreas Jentys
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Ricardo Bermejo-Deval
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Johannes A Lercher
- Department of Chemistry, Catalysis Research Center , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Knott BC, Nimlos CT, Robichaud DJ, Nimlos MR, Kim S, Gounder R. Consideration of the Aluminum Distribution in Zeolites in Theoretical and Experimental Catalysis Research. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon C. Knott
- Biosciences
Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| | - Claire T. Nimlos
- Charles
D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480
Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David J. Robichaud
- Biosciences
Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| | - Mark R. Nimlos
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| | - Seonah Kim
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles
D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480
Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Migliori M, Aloise A, Catizzone E, Caravella A, Giordano G. Simplified Kinetic Modeling of Propane Aromatization over Ga-ZSM-5 Zeolites: Comparison with Experimental Data. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b02868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Migliori
- Department of Environmental
and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Alfredo Aloise
- Department of Environmental
and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Enrico Catizzone
- Department of Environmental
and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Alessio Caravella
- Department of Environmental
and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Girolamo Giordano
- Department of Environmental
and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende, CS, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cybulskis VJ, Pradhan SU, Lovón-Quintana JJ, Hock AS, Hu B, Zhang G, Delgass WN, Ribeiro FH, Miller JT. The Nature of the Isolated Gallium Active Center for Propane Dehydrogenation on Ga/SiO2. Catal Letters 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-017-2028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Getsoian A“B, Das U, Camacho-Bunquin J, Zhang G, Gallagher JR, Hu B, Cheah S, Schaidle JA, Ruddy DA, Hensley JE, Krause TR, Curtiss LA, Miller JT, Hock AS. Organometallic model complexes elucidate the active gallium species in alkane dehydrogenation catalysts based on ligand effects in Ga K-edge XANES. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy00698a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ga(iii)-alkyl and alkoxide model compounds demonstrate XANES edge energy shifts similar to those in Ga dehydrogenation catalysts without a change in Ga oxidation state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ujjal Das
- Materials Science Division
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
| | | | - Guanghui Zhang
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Bo Hu
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Singfoong Cheah
- National Bioenergy Center
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Golden
- USA
| | | | - Daniel A. Ruddy
- National Bioenergy Center
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Golden
- USA
| | - Jesse E. Hensley
- National Bioenergy Center
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Golden
- USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey T. Miller
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
- School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Adam S. Hock
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Lemont
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhao ZJ, Chiu CC, Gong J. Molecular understandings on the activation of light hydrocarbons over heterogeneous catalysts. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4403-4425. [PMID: 29142696 PMCID: PMC5665090 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the depletion of petroleum and the recent shale gas revolution, the dropping of the price for light alkanes makes alkanes an attractive feedstock for the production of light alkenes and other valuable chemicals. Understanding the mechanism for the activation of C-H bonds in hydrocarbons provides fundamental insights into this process and a guideline for the optimization of catalysts used for the processing of light alkanes. In the last two decades, density functional theory (DFT) has become a powerful tool to explore elementary steps and mechanisms of many heterogeneously catalyzed processes at the atomic scale. This review describes recent progress on computational understanding of heterogeneous catalytic dehydrogenation reactions of light alkanes. We start with a short description on basic concepts and principles of DFT as well as its application in heterogeneous catalysis. The activation of C-H bonds over transition metal and alloy surfaces are then discussed in detail, followed by C-H activation over oxides, zeolites and catalysts with single atoms as active sites. The origins of coking formation are also discussed followed by a perspective on directions of future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China .
| | - Cheng-Chau Chiu
- Department Chemie , Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China .
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kim S, Robichaud DJ, Beckham GT, Paton RS, Nimlos MR. Ethanol Dehydration in HZSM-5 Studied by Density Functional Theory: Evidence for a Concerted Process. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:3604-14. [PMID: 25802969 DOI: 10.1021/jp513024z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seonah Kim
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| | - David J. Robichaud
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| | - Gregg T. Beckham
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| | - Robert S. Paton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Nimlos
- National
Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Serykh AI, Kolesnikov SP. On the nature of gallium species in gallium-modified mordenite and MFI zeolites. A comparative DRIFT study of carbon monoxide adsorption and hydrogen dissociation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:6892-900. [PMID: 21390401 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02088e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The results of a DRIFT study of carbon monoxide molecular adsorption and hydrogen dissociative adsorption on gallium-modified mordenite and MFI (ZSM-5) zeolites are presented. It was found that in the reduced gallium-modified mordenite (Ga-MOR) both Ga(3+) and Ga(+) exchanged cations are present and can be detected by CO adsorption. Ga(3+) cations in Ga-MOR dissociatively adsorb molecular hydrogen at elevated temperatures, resulting in the formation of gallium hydride species and acidic hydroxyl groups. In the reduced Ga-MFI evacuated at 823 K under medium vacuum conditions only Ga(+) exchanged intrazeolite cations were detected. It was found, however, that Ga(3+) intrazeolite exchanged cations which form upon high-temperature disproportionation of Ga(+) cations in the reduced Ga-MFI and Ga-MOR can be stabilized by high-temperature oxidation of these zeolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Serykh
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciencie, 47 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Postole G, Auroux A. Surface Acid–Base Characterization of Containing Group IIIA Catalysts by Using Adsorption Microcalorimetry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1201/b10380-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
|
32
|
Ivanova II, Kolyagin YG. Impact of in situ MAS NMR techniques to the understanding of the mechanisms of zeolite catalyzed reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:5018-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00011f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
33
|
Kuz’min IV, Zhidomirov GM, Solkan VN, Kazanskii VB. Quantum chemical calculation of the catalytic reaction of ethane dehydrogenation on gallium oxide-hydroxide binuclear clusters in oxidized GaO/ZSM-5 zeolite. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158409050188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
34
|
Mikhailov MN, Dergachev AA, Mishin IV, Kustov LM, Lapidus AL. The Role Played by Ga-Pt Nanoparticles in the Aromatization of Lower Alkanes on ZSM-5 Zeolites. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024408040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
35
|
Bhan A, Nicholas Delgass W. Propane Aromatization over HZSM‐5 and Ga/HZSM‐5 Catalysts. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940701804745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
36
|
Hensen EJM, Pidko EA, Rane N, van Santen RA. Water-promoted hydrocarbon activation catalyzed by binuclear gallium sites in ZSM-5 zeolite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:7273-6. [PMID: 17722218 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiel J M Hensen
- Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hensen E, Pidko E, Rane N, van Santen R. Water-Promoted Hydrocarbon Activation Catalyzed by Binuclear Gallium Sites in ZSM-5 Zeolite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
38
|
Enhanced Stability of HZSM-5 Supported Ga2O3 Catalyst in Propane Dehydrogenation by Dealumination. Catal Letters 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-007-9232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
39
|
|
40
|
|
41
|
Caeiro G, Carvalho R, Wang X, Lemos M, Lemos F, Guisnet M, Ramôa Ribeiro F. Activation of C2–C4 alkanes over acid and bifunctional zeolite catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
42
|
Joshi AM, Delgass WN, Thomson KT. Adsorption of Small Aun (n = 1−5) and Au−Pd Clusters Inside the TS-1 and S-1 Pores. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:16439-51. [PMID: 16913775 DOI: 10.1021/jp061754o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We used a hybrid quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) approach to simulate the adsorption of Au(n)() (n = 1-5), AuPd, and Au(2)Pd(2) clusters inside the TS-1 and S-1 pores. We studied nondefect and metal-vacancy defect sites in TS-1 and S-1 for a total of four different environments around the T6 crystallographic site. We predict stronger binding of all clusters near Ti sites in Ti-substituted framework compared to adsorption near Si sites-consistent with the experimental finding of a direct correlation between the Ti-loading and the Au-loading on the Au/TS-1 catalysts with high Si/Ti ratio. The cluster binding is also stronger near lattice-metal vacancies compared to fully coordinated, nondefect sites. In all the cases, a trend of binding energy (BE) versus Au cluster size (n) shows a peak at around n = 3-4. Our results show that there is enough room for the attack of H(2)O(2) on the Ti-defect site even with Au(1-4) adsorbed-a result that supports the possibility of H(2)O(2) spillover from the Au clusters to the adjacent Ti-defect sites. Mulliken charge analysis indicates that in all the cases there is electron density transfer to adsorbed clusters from the zeolite lattice. In the case of both gas-phase and adsorbed Au-Pd clusters, all the Pd atoms were positively charged, and all the Au atoms were negatively charged due to the higher electron-affinity of Au. We also found a correlation between the BE and the charge transfer to the clusters (the higher the charge transfer to the clusters, the higher the BE), and a universal correlation was found for Au(2-5) when BE and charge transfer were plotted on a per atom basis. A relatively larger charge transfer to the adsorbed clusters was found for the Ti sites versus the Si sites, and for the defect sites versus the nondefect sites. The trends in the BE were corroborated using Gibbs free energy of adsorption (DeltaG(ads)), and the implications of DeltaG(ads) in sintering of Au clusters are also discussed. Our results confirm that electronic factors such as cluster-charging are potentially important support effects for the Au/TS-1 catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay M Joshi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lapidus AL, Mikhailov MN, Dergachev AA, Mishin IV. Structure of active sites of Ga-Pt zeolite catalysts of alkane aromatization. DOKLADY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s001250160606008x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
44
|
Kuzmin IV, Zhidomirov GM, Hensen EJM. A DFT Study of Hydrogen–deuterium Exchange over Oxidized and Reduced Gallium Species in Ga/HZSM-5 Zeolite. Catal Letters 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-006-0043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|