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Caselli L, Köhler S, Schirone D, Humphreys B, Malmsten M. Conformational control of antimicrobial peptide amphiphilicity: consequences for boosting membrane interactions and antimicrobial effects of photocatalytic TiO 2 nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:16529-16539. [PMID: 38828872 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01724b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This study reports on the effects of conformationally controlled amphiphilicity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) on their ability to coat TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and boost the photocatalytic antimicrobial effects of such NPs. For this, TiO2 NPs were combined with AMP EFK17 (EFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLV), displaying a disordered conformation in aqueous solution but helix formation on interaction with bacterial membranes. The membrane-bound helix is amphiphilic, with all polar and charged amino acid residues located at one side and all non-polar and hydrophobic residues on the other. In contrast, the d-enantiomer variant EFK17-d (E(dF)KR(dI)VQR(dI)KD(dF)LRNLV) is unable to form the amphiphilic helix on bacterial membrane interaction, whereas the W-residues in EFK17-W (EWKRWVQRWKDFLRNLV) boost hydrophobic interactions of the amphiphilic helix. Circular dichroism results showed the effects displayed for the free peptide, to also be present for peptide-coated TiO2 NPs, causing peptide binding to decrease in the order EFK17-W > EFK17 > EFK17-d. Notably, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the TiO2 NPs was essentially unaffected by the presence of peptide coating, for all the peptides investigated, and the coatings stabilized over hours of UV exposure. Photocatalytic membrane degradation from TiO2 NPs coated with EFK17-W and EFK17 was promoted for bacteria-like model bilayers containing anionic phosphatidylglycerol but suppressed in mammalian-like bilayers formed by zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Structural aspects of these effects were further investigated by neutron reflectometry with clear variations observed between the bacteria- and mammalian-like model bilayers for the three peptides. Mirroring these results in bacteria-like model membranes, combining TiO2 NPs with EFK17-W and EFK17, but not with non-adsorbing EFK17-d, resulted in boosted antimicrobial effects of the resulting cationic composite NPs already in darkness, effects enhanced further on UV illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Caselli
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- LINXS Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, Scheelevagen 19, 22370 Lund, Sweden
| | - Davide Schirone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Malmö University, 20506 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ben Humphreys
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sanad MMS, Taha TA, Helal A, Mahmoud MH. Rational optimization of g-C 3N 4/Co 3O 4 nanocomposite for enhanced photodegradation of Rhodamine B dye under visible light. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:60225-60239. [PMID: 37017836 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26767-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis is widely known as an efficient, clean, and low-cost technology to mitigate the environmental pollution of industrial effluents. This research aimed at optimizing the preparation and characterization of efficient g-C3N4/Co3O4 nanocomposite for catalytic removal of Rhodamine B (Rh B) dye. The detected XRD peaks for the prepared nano-Co3O4 are matched with the cubic crystal structure. In contrast, the broad peak at 27.3° corresponding to the graphite reflection of hkl (002) was noticeably weakened in the XRD pattern of the g-C3N4/Co3O4 composite. FTIR spectra of g-C3N4/Co3O4 nanocomposites revealed the active vibrational modes of each Co3O4 and g-C3N4 component. The microstructure study of g-C3N4 showed the strong interlayer stacking of carbon nitride nanosheets, while the surface morphology of g-C3N4/Co3O4 nanocomposite revealed a hybrid particulate system. EDS analysis indicated that the spot area of g-C3N4/Co3O4 confirmed the chemical ratios of carbon, nitrogen, cobalt, and oxygen. BET measurements of g-C3N4/Co3O4 showed a significant increase in the surface area and pore volume of single components due to the lamination of stacked g-C3N4 nanosheets by the intercalated Co3O4 nanoparticles. The prepared 30% g-C3N4/Co3O4 revealed the lowest value of Eg ~1.2 eV and the highest light absorptivity suggesting strong promotion for the photocatalytic performance under visible light. The maximum photocatalytic activity of about 87% was achieved by 30% g-C3N4/Co3O4 due to the photonic enhancement, which reduces the recombination of excited electrons. The developed nanocomposite with a g-C3N4/Co3O4 ratio of 0.3 exhibited high stability in its photocatalytic performance after four recycling times, and a slight decrease of about 7% was estimated after the 5th reuse test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa M S Sanad
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87 Helwan, Cairo, 11421, Egypt.
| | - Taha A Taha
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Helal
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87 Helwan, Cairo, 11421, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Mahmoud
- Physics Department, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, P.O. Box 756, Al-Gurayyat, Saudi Arabia
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Visible Light Enhanced Photosynthesis of C-C bonds using PdO/Pd@PEDOT nanocomposite. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Synthesis and Characterization of N and Fe-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles for 2,4-Dimethylaniline Mineralization. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152538. [PMID: 35893506 PMCID: PMC9331849 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of developing low-cost N- and Fe-doped TiO2 photocatalysts for investigating the mineralization of 2,4-dimethylaniline (2,4-DMA). With a single anatase phase, the photocatalysts showed high thermal stability with mass losses of less than 2%. The predominant oxidative state is Ti4+, but there is presence of Ti3+ associated with oxygen vacancies. In materials with N, doping was interstitial in the NH3/NH4+ form and for doping with Fe, there was a presence of Fe-Ti bonds (indicating substitutional occupations). With an improved band gap energy from 3.16 eV to 2.82 eV the photoactivity of the photocatalysts was validated with an 18 W UVA lamp (340–415 nm) with a flux of 8.23 × 10−6 Einstein s−1. With a size of only 14.45 nm and a surface area of 84.73 m2 g−1, the photocatalyst doped with 0.0125% Fe mineralized 92% of the 2,4-DMA in just 180 min. While the 3% N photocatalyst with 12.27 nm had similar performance at only 360 min. Factors such as high surface area, mesoporous structure and improved Ebg, and absence of Fe peak in XPS analysis indicate that doping with 0.0125% Fe caused a modification in TiO2 structure.
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Wang J, Shao BLX, Ji X, Tian G, Ge H. CdS and Ag synergistically improved the performance of g-C 3N 4 on visible-light photocatalytic degradation of pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48348-48357. [PMID: 35188610 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CdS-AgO@g-C3N4 nanocomposites were successfully synthesized and characterized by XRD, N2 physical adsorption, XPS, SEM, TEM, EDX, and UV-Vis DRS (various technical means). The adsorption light range of as-prepared materials could extend to the whole visible light region with the addition of Ag. Silver can act as a bridge to facilitate the separation of electrons and holes, thereby greatly enhancing the photocatalytic activity of CdS-AgO@g-C3N4, enabling the maximum degradation efficiency of salicylic acid in water to reach 92.8% under visible light. Peroxy radical is the most important radical in the photocatalytic reaction process, followed by electron and hole, while hydroxyl radical has almost no effect. In addition, the mechanism of photocatalytic process was also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Liu Xianzhao Shao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Ji
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongguang Ge
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, People's Republic of China
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Nanoscale 2D semi-conductors – Impact of structural properties on light propagation depth and photocatalytic performance. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhao T, Qian R, Zhou G, Wang Y, Lee WI, Pan JH. Mesoporous WO 3/TiO 2 spheres with tailored surface properties for concurrent solar photocatalysis and membrane filtration. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128344. [PMID: 33297269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The strategical integration of membrane water filtration with semiconductor photocatalysis presents a frontier in deep purification with a self-cleaning capability. However, the membrane fouling caused by the cake layer of the reclaimed TiO2 nanoparticles is a key obstacle. Herein, mesoporous WO3/TiO2 spheres (∼450 nm in diameter) consisting of numerous self-assembled WO3-decoated anatase TiO2 nanocrystallites are successfully prepared via a facile wet-chemistry route. The decoration of monolayered WO3 significantly affects the surface, photocatalytic, and optical properties of original mesoporous TiO2 spheres. XRD and Raman analyses show the presence of monolayered WO3 suppresses the crystal growth of TiO2 during the calcination process, significantly improves the surface acidity, and causes an obvious red shift in absorption edge. These favorable textural properties, coupling the enhanced interfacial charge carrier separation, render mesoporous WO3/TiO2 spheres with a superior photocatalytic activity in degradation of methylene blue under UV, visible, and solar light irradiations. The optimal molar ratio of W/Ti is examined to 6%. The synthesized mesoporous WO3/TiO2 spheres also show much higher flux during membrane filtration in both dead-end and cross-flow modes, suggesting a promising photocatalyst for concurrent membrane filtration and solar photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Ruifeng Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Guanda Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wan In Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, North Korea.
| | - Jia Hong Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Feng Y, Rijnaarts HHM, Yntema D, Gong Z, Dionysiou DD, Cao Z, Miao S, Chen Y, Ye Y, Wang Y. Applications of anodized TiO 2 nanotube arrays on the removal of aqueous contaminants of emerging concern: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 186:116327. [PMID: 32846377 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in various water bodies and the associated threats to eco-system and human society have raised increasing concerns. To fight against such a problem, TiO2 photocatalysis is considered to be a powerful tool. In recent decades, TiO2 nanotube array (TNA) fabricated by electrochemical anodization emerged as a viable immobilized catalyst and its applications on CECs removal have gained a considerable amount of research interest. We herein present a critical review on the development of TNA and its applications on the removal of aqueous CECs. In this work, the CECs removal in different TNA based processes, the CECs removal mechanisms, the role of TNA properties, the role of operational parameters, and the role of water matrices are discussed. Moreover, perspectives on the current research progress are presented and recommendations on future research are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyue Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huub H M Rijnaarts
- Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Doekle Yntema
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Zhengjun Gong
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, PR China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DCEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States
| | - Zhourong Cao
- Chengdu Drainage CO., Ltd, Bisheng Rd. 256, 610039 Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shiyu Miao
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, PR China
| | - Yanlong Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yin Ye
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China; Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China.
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Temerov F, Pham K, Juuti P, Mäkelä JM, Grachova EV, Kumar S, Eslava S, Saarinen JJ. Silver-Decorated TiO 2 Inverse Opal Structure for Visible Light-Induced Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants and Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:41200-41210. [PMID: 32820899 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 inverse opal (TIO) structures were prepared by the conventional wet chemical method, resulting in well-formed structures for photocatalytic activity. The obtained structures were functionalized with liquid flame spray-deposited silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The nanocomposites of TIO and AgNPs were extensively characterized by various spectroscopies such as UV, Raman, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with microscopic methods such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution TEM. The characterization confirmed that high-quality heterostructures had been fabricated with evenly and uniformly distributed AgNPs. Fabrication of anatase TiO2 was confirmed, and formation of AgNPs was verified with surface plasmon resonant properties. The photocatalytic activity results measured in the gas phase showed that deposition of AgNPs increases photocatalytic activity both under UVA and visible light excitation; moreover, enhanced hydrogen evolution was demonstrated under visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipp Temerov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Khai Pham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Paxton Juuti
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, Tampere FI-33101, Finland
| | - Jyrki M Mäkelä
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, Tampere FI-33101, Finland
| | - Elena V Grachova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504, Russian Federation
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Salvador Eslava
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Jarkko J Saarinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
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Prozzi M, Sordello F, Barletta S, Zangirolami M, Pellegrino F, Bianco Prevot A, Maurino V. Assessing a Photocatalytic Activity Index for TiO 2 Colloids by Controlled Periodic Illumination. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Prozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Sordello
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Simone Barletta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Pellegrino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- JointLAB UniTo-ITT, Via G. Quarello, 15/A, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Valter Maurino
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- JointLAB UniTo-ITT, Via G. Quarello, 15/A, 10135 Torino, Italy
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Lomefloxacin—Occurrence in the German River Erft, Its Photo-Induced Elimination, and Assessment of Ecotoxicity. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals in waters represent a worldwide problem of today. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are being researched for elimination of the ecological hazard. Among the substances, the fluoroquinolone antibiotic lomefloxacin was selected for investigation in this study. Lomefloxacin (LOM) was found in the German river Erft. Near and far ultraviolet (UVA, UVC) radiation were used as AOPs and compared for efficiency depending on pH, water matrix, and catalysts. Chemical kinetics description revealed that UVC at pH 8–9 led to the fastest degradation of LOM. The catalysts hydrogen peroxide and titanium dioxide had only limited influence on the degradation rate. Seven novel transformation products were structurally identified by high-resolution higher-order mass spectrometry. Ecotoxicity of the novel and known compounds was assessed by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. In addition, irradiation time dependent minimal, and half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (MIC, IC50) of LOM solutions were determined and suggested as ecotoxicological hazard indicators. From MIC and kinetic rate constants, the irradiation time required for compound and activity removal could be predicted.
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Li W, Geng H, Yao L, Cao K, Sheng P, Cai Q. Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Enabled by CdS Passivated ZnCuInSe Quantum Dot-Sensitized TiO₂ Decorated with Ag Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9030393. [PMID: 30857151 PMCID: PMC6474140 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here we present the photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen generation properties of CdS passivated ZnCuInSe (ZCISe) quantum dots (QDs) supported by TiO₂ nanowires decorated with Ag nanoparticles. In this configuration, Ag nanoparticles were sandwiched between the photo-electrons collector (TiO₂) and photo-sensitizers (ZCISe), and acted as an electron relay speeding up the charge carrier transport. ZCISe and CdS enabled the optical absorption of the photoelectrode ranging from ultraviolet to near infrared region, which significantly enhanced the solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency. A photocurrent of 10.5 mA/cm² and a hydrogen production rate of about 52.9 μmol/h were achieved under simulated sunlight (1.5 AG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Hongchao Geng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Lu Yao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Kesheng Cao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Pengtao Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
| | - Qingyun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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Abstract
It has been often reported that an efficient and green photocatalytic dissociation of water under irradiated semiconductors likely represents the most important goal for modern chemistry. Despite decades of intensive work on this topic, the efficiency of the water photolytic process under irradiated semiconductors is far from reaching significant photocatalytic efficiency. The use of a sacrificial agent as hole scavenger dramatically increases the hydrogen production rate and might represent the classic “kill two birds with one stone”: on the one hand, the production of hydrogen, then usable as energy carrier, on the other, the treatment of water for the abatement of pollutants used as sacrificial agents. Among metal oxides, TiO2 has a central role due to its versatility and inexpensiveness that allows an extended applicability in several scientific and technological fields. In this review we focus on the hydrogen production on irradiated TiO2 and its fundamental and environmental implications.
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