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Dal Y, Nazıroğlu M, Özkaya MO. Low molecular weight heparin treatment reduced apoptosis and oxidative cytotoxicity in the thrombocytes of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss and thrombophilia: Involvements of TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:1355-1365. [PMID: 36807656 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is known to be associated with increased thrombophilia and oxidative toxicity. However, the mechanism of thrombophilia apoptosis and oxidative toxicity is still unclear. In addition, the treatment of heparin induced regulator roles on intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]i ) and cytosolic reactive oxygen species (cytROS) concentrations in several diseases. TRPM2 and TRPV1 channels are activated by different stimuli, including oxidative toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) via modulation of TRPM2 and TRPV1 on calcium signaling, oxidative toxicity, and apoptosis in the thrombocytes of RPL patients. STUDY DESIGN Thrombocyte and plasma samples collected from 10 patients with RPL and 10 healthy controls were used in the current study. MAIN FINDINGS The [Ca2+ ]i concentration, cytROS (DCFH-DA), mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1), apoptosis, caspase-3, and caspase-9 levels were high in the plasma and thrombocytes of RPL patients, although they were diminished by the treatments of LMWH, TRPM2 (N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid) and TRPV1 (capsazepine) channel blockers. CONCLUSIONS The current study results suggest that the treatment of LMWH is useful against apoptotic cell death and oxidative toxicity in the thrombocytes of patients with RPL, which seem to be dependent on increased levels of [Ca2+ ]i concentration via the activation of TRPM2 and TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Dal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Okan Özkaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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2
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Bostancı MS, Budak O, Çakiroğlu H, Köse O, Durmaz Ö, Cokluk E. Effect of protection of enoxaparin against experimental ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat ovary on in vitro fertilization outcomes. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:380-385. [PMID: 36820765 PMCID: PMC10004281 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate the protection of enoxaparin (E) against experimental ischemic (I) and ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovaries on in vitro fertilization outcomes. METHODS In total, 56 adult female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups of 8 animals each: Sham, Ischemia, I/R, Sham+E, I+E, and I/R+E. Ischemia groups were subjected to bilateral adnexal torsion for 3 h. In contrast, I/R and I/R+E groups received subsequent detorsion for 3 h. Enoxaparin (0.5 mg/kg s.c.) was administered 30 min prior to ischemia (I+platelet-rich plasma) or reperfusion (I/R+I+platelet-rich plasma). Ovaries were stimulated through intraperitoneal injection of 150-300 internal units IU/kg pregnant mare serum gonadotropin. Anti-Müllerian hormone levels were measured before and after surgery in all groups. RESULTS When the number of metaphase II oocytes was evaluated, statistically significant differences were observed between the I and I+E (p=0.001) and I/R and I/R+E (p=0.000) groups. When both I and I+E groups and I/R and I/R+E groups were compared, it was found that E application increased the number of fertilized oocytes. The number of embryos on the second day was higher in the I/R+E group than that in the I/R group. Statistically significant differences were found in the number of grade 1 embryos between the I/R and I/R+E groups (p=0.003). In comparing anti-Müllerian hormone values within the group, the highest decrease was observed in the I and I/R groups. CONCLUSION Enoxaparin effectively minimizes ovarian damage and preserves ovarian reserve following ovarian torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Suhha Bostancı
- Sakarya Üniversitesi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Artificial Reproductive Techniques - Serdivan, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Budak
- Sakarya Üniversitesi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology and Artificial Reproductive Techniques - Serdivan, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Çakiroğlu
- Sakarya Üniversitesi, Faculty of Medicine, Medical and Experimental Research Center - Serdivan, Turkey
| | - Osman Köse
- Sakarya Üniversitesi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology - Serdivan, Turkey
| | - Özkan Durmaz
- Sakarya Üniversitesi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Serdivan, Turkey
| | - Erdem Cokluk
- Sakarya Üniversitesi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry - Serdivan, Turkey
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Vendrell M, Magaldi M, Tena B, León I. Perioperative Management for the First Uterine Transplant in Southern Europe: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2022; 54:2811-2813. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Functionally integrating nanoparticles alleviate deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy and rescue intrauterine growth restriction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7166. [PMID: 36418325 PMCID: PMC9684510 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is still unmet demand for effective, safe, and patient-friendly anti-thrombotics to treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during pregnancy. Here we first engineer a bioactive amphiphile (TLH) by simultaneously conjugating Tempol and linoleic acid onto low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), which can assemble into multifunctional nanoparticles (TLH NP). In pregnant rats with DVT, TLH NP can target and dissolve thrombi, recanalize vessel occlusion, and eradicate the recurrence of thromboembolism, thereby reversing DVT-mediated intrauterine growth restriction and delayed development of fetuses. Mechanistically, therapeutic effects of TLH NP are realized by inhibiting platelet aggregation, facilitating thrombolysis, reducing local inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, promoting endothelial repair, and increasing bioavailability. By decorating with a fibrin-binding peptide, targeting efficiency and therapeutic benefits of TLH NP are considerably improved. Importantly, LMWH nanotherapies show no toxicities to the mother and fetus at the dose 10-time higher than the examined therapeutic dosage.
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5
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Regulations and Procurement Surgery in DCD Liver Transplantation: Expert Consensus Guidance From the International Liver Transplantation Society. Transplantation 2021; 105:945-951. [PMID: 33675315 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors are an increasingly more common source of livers for transplantation in many parts of the world. Events that occur during DCD liver recovery have a significant impact on the success of subsequent transplantation. This working group of the International Liver Transplantation Society evaluated current evidence as well as combined experience and created this guidance on DCD liver procurement. Best practices for the recovery and transplantation of livers arising through DCD after euthanasia and organ procurement with super-rapid cold preservation and recovery as well as postmortem normothermic regional perfusion are described, as are the use of adjuncts during DCD liver procurement.
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Bar-Joseph H, Peccatori FA, Goshen-Lago T, Cribiù FM, Scarfone G, Miller I, Nemerovsky L, Levi M, Shalgi R, Ben-Aharon I. Cancer During Pregnancy: The Role of Vascular Toxicity in Chemotherapy-Induced Placental Toxicity. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051277. [PMID: 32443608 PMCID: PMC7281110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is diagnosed in ~0.3% of pregnant women. Studies that have addressed gestational and neonatal outcomes of chemotherapy during pregnancy have demonstrated increased gestational complications including preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. We hypothesized that anthracycline-induced gestational complications could be derived from direct toxicity on the placenta vasculature. Pregnant ICR mice (day E12.5) were treated with doxorubicin (DXR; 8 mg/kg) or saline, while their umbilical cord blood flow was imaged by pulse-wave (PW) Doppler. Mice were euthanized on day E18.5, and their embryos and placentae were collected for further analysis. Unlike control mice, the DXR-treated mice presented an acute change in the umbilical cord’s blood flow parameters (velocity time integral and heart rate interval), reduced embryos’ weight, reduced placenta efficiency, and modulation in vascular-related pathways of treated placenta proteomics. Apoptosis and proliferation were also enhanced, as demonstrated by TUNEL and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) analysis. We further examined the placentae of patients treated with epirubicin (EPI), who had been diagnosed with breast cancer during pregnancy (weeks 27–35). The immunohistochemistry of the EPI-treated human placentae showed enhanced proliferation and apoptosis as compared with matched chemo-naïve placentae, as well as reduced neovascularization (CD34). Our findings suggest that anthracycline-induced vascular insult promotes placental toxicity, and could point to potential agents designated to offset the damage and to reduce gestational complications in pregnant cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Bar-Joseph
- The Transgenic Mice, Cryopreservation and Assisted Reproduction (TMCR) Unit, Veterinary Service Center, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel;
| | | | | | - Fulvia Milena Cribiù
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Scarfone
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fondazione Cà Granda Policlinico Ospedale Maggiore of Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Irit Miller
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel; (I.M.); (L.N.); (M.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Luba Nemerovsky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel; (I.M.); (L.N.); (M.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Mattan Levi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel; (I.M.); (L.N.); (M.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Ruth Shalgi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel; (I.M.); (L.N.); (M.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Irit Ben-Aharon
- Oncology, Rambam Health Care Center, 3109601 Haifa, Israel;
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC), Faculty of Medicine, Technion, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Hassan MQ, Akhtar MS, Afzal O, Hussain I, Akhtar M, Haque SE, Najmi AK. Edaravone and benidipine protect myocardial damage by regulating mitochondrial stress, apoptosis signalling and cardiac biomarkers against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Clin Exp Hypertens 2019; 42:381-392. [DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1676770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Quamrul Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology (Ilmul Advia), Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Sayeed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ibraheem Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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8
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Aktaş İ, Özmen Ö, Tutun H, Yalçın A, Türk A. Artemisinin attenuates doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:121-128. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1647457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- İ. Aktaş
- Vocational School of Health Services, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Ö. Özmen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - H. Tutun
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - A. Yalçın
- Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Histology, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - A. Türk
- Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Histology, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
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9
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Akl MA, Ismael HR, Abd Allah FI, Kassem AA, Samy AM. Tolmetin sodium-loaded thermosensitive mucoadhesive liquid suppositories for rectal delivery; strategy to overcome oral delivery drawbacks. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 45:252-264. [PMID: 30303407 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1534858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tolmetin sodium (TS) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indicated for treatment of musculoskeletal issues. As other NSAID, TS displays a marked side effects on the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract after oral administration. Traditional solid suppositories can cause pain and discomfort for patients, may reach the end of the colon; consequently, the drug can undergo the first-pass effect. TS liquid suppository (TS-LS) was developed to enhance patient compliance and rectal mucosal safety in high-risk patients receiving highly NSAID therapy. This work was conducted to optimize and evaluate Poloxamer P407/P188-based thermoresponsive TS-LS by using mucoadhesive polymers such as methylcellulose (MC). TS-LS was prepared by cold method and characterized their in vitro physicochemical properties as gelation temperature (GT), gel strength, bioadhesive properties, and in vitro release. The safety of the prepared suppository on rectum, stomach, and liver was evaluated histologically. Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed to compare rectal TS-LS to orally Rhumtol® capsules. The results showed that the optimized TS-LS; composed of P407/P188/MC (21/9/0.5% w/w) displayed gelation at rectum temperature ∼32.90 °C, gel strength of 21.35 s and rectal retention force at the administration site of 24.25 × 102 dyne/cm2. Moreover, TS-LS did not cause any morphological damage to the rectal tissues. Pharmacokinetic parameters of optimized TS-LS formulation revealed 4.6 fold increase in bioavailability as compared to Rhumtol® capsules. Taken together, the results demonstrated that liquid suppository is a potential and physically safe rectal delivery carrier for improvement rectal bioavailability and in vivo safety of TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Akl
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys) , Al-Azhar University , Nasr City , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Hatem R Ismael
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys) , Al-Azhar University , Nasr City , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Fathy I Abd Allah
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys) , Al-Azhar University , Nasr City , Cairo , Egypt.,b Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Egyptian Russian University , Bader City , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Alla A Kassem
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys) , Al-Azhar University , Nasr City , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Samy
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys) , Al-Azhar University , Nasr City , Cairo , Egypt
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10
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Hessheimer AJ, Vendrell M, Muñoz J, Ruíz Á, Díaz A, Sigüenza LF, Lanzilotta JR, Delgado Oliver E, Fuster J, Navasa M, García-Valdecasas JC, Taurá P, Fondevila C. Heparin but not tissue plasminogen activator improves outcomes in donation after circulatory death liver transplantation in a porcine model. Liver Transpl 2018; 24:665-676. [PMID: 29351369 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic-type biliary lesions (ITBLs) arise most frequently after donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver transplantation and result in high morbidity and graft loss. Many DCD grafts are discarded out of fear for this complication. In theory, microvascular thrombi deposited during donor warm ischemia might be implicated in ITBL pathogenesis. Herein, we aim to evaluate the effects of the administration of either heparin or the fibrinolytic drug tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) as means to improve DCD liver graft quality and potentially avoid ITBL. Donor pigs were subjected to 1 hour of cardiac arrest (CA) and divided among 3 groups: no pre-arrest heparinization nor TPA during postmortem regional perfusion; no pre-arrest heparinization but TPA given during regional perfusion; and pre-arrest heparinization but no TPA during regional perfusion. In liver tissue sampled 1 hour after CA, fibrin deposition was not detected, even when heparin was not given prior to arrest. Although it was not useful to prevent microvascular clot formation, pre-arrest heparin did offer cytoprotective effects during CA and beyond, reflected in improved flows during regional perfusion and better biochemical, functional, and histological parameters during posttransplantation follow-up. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the lack of impact of TPA use in porcine DCD liver transplantation and adds to the controversy over whether the use of TPA in human DCD liver transplantation really offers any protective effect. On the other hand, when it is administered prior to CA, heparin does offer anti-inflammatory and other cytoprotective effects that help improve DCD liver graft quality. Liver Transplantation 24 665-676 2018 AASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J Hessheimer
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Vendrell
- Departments of Anesthesia, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel Ruíz
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Díaz
- Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luís Flores Sigüenza
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodríguez Lanzilotta
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Delgado Oliver
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Fuster
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Navasa
- Liver Unit, Institut de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos García-Valdecasas
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Taurá
- Departments of Anesthesia, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constantino Fondevila
- Department of Surgery, Institut de Malalties Digestives I Metabòliques, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Donia TI, Gerges MN, Mohamed TM. Amelioration effect of Egyptian sweet orange hesperidin on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) bearing mice. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 285:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Ahmed HH, Rady HM, Kotob SE. Evidences for the antitumor potentiality of Hemimycale arabica and Negombata magnifica mesohyls in hepatocellular carcinoma rat model. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Shaker RA, Abboud SH, Assad HC, Hadi N. Enoxaparin attenuates doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats via interfering with oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 19:3. [PMID: 29321061 PMCID: PMC5763526 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0184-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin (DOX) is commonly used in the treatment of many types of cancers but its cardiotoxicity is limiting its clinical use. Beyond its anticoagulant action, enoxaparin (ENX), a low molecular weight heparin, has been shown to exert multiple pharmacological actions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess if ENX could ameliorate cardiotoxicity induced by DOX. Methods Twenty-one adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 7 each) of control, receiving 0.9% saline (i.p.), DOX, receiving 2.5 mg/kg of DOX (i.p.) thrice weekly; and DOX + ENX, receiving ENX (250 IU/kg/day i.p.) and a DOX dose equivalent to that of the DOX only group. Results DOX-induced cardiotoxicity was indicated by marked increases in cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and severe histological lesions, which significantly correlated with cardiotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis markers, compared to controls. DOX group also showed elevations in malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress, and reductions in total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Cardiac inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and caspase-3, an apoptotic marker, were also elevated in the DOX group. DOX, however, did not significantly alter brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. ENX significantly attenuated, but not completely reversed, DOX-induced cardiotoxicity through lowering cTnI and improving cardiomyopathy histopathological scores as compared to the DOX group. ENX also decreased MDA, increased TAC of rats’ heart to levels relatively comparable to control. Significant reductions in TNF-α, IL-1β and caspase-3 were also observed following ENX treatment relative to the DOX only group. Conclusions Collectively, these results describe a cardioprotective effect for ENX against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity which is likely facilitated via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Ali Shaker
- Najaf Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Najaf Governorate, Iraq
| | | | - Hayder Chasib Assad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Najaf Governorate, Iraq.
| | - Najah Hadi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf Governorate, Iraq
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Jacevic V, Djordjevic A, Srdjenovic B, Milic-Tores V, Segrt Z, Dragojevic-Simic V, Kuca K. Fullerenol nanoparticles prevents doxorubicin-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 102:360-369. [PMID: 28315688 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), commonly used antineoplastic agent, affects bone marrow, intestinal tract and heart, but it also has some hepatotoxic effects. Main mechanism of its toxicity is the production of free reactive oxygen species. Polyhidroxilated C60 fullerene derivatives, fullerenol nanoparticles (FNP), act as free radical scavengers in in vitro systems. The aim of the study was to investigate potential FNP protective role against DOX-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Experiments were performed on adult male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into five groups: (1) 0.9% NaCl (control), (2) 100mg/kg ip FNP, (3) 10mg/kg DOX iv, (4) 50mg/kg ip FNP 30min before 10mg/kg iv DOX, (5) 100mg/kg ip FNP 30min before 10mg/kg iv DOX. A general health condition, body and liver weight, TBARS level and antioxidative enzyme activity, as well as pathohistological examination of the liver tissue were conducted on days 2 and 14 of the study. FNP, applied alone, did not alter any examinated parameters. However, when used as a pretreatment it significantly increased survival rate, body and liver weight, and decreased TBARS level, antioxidative enzyme activity and hepatic damage score in DOX-treated rats. FNP administered at a dose of 100mg/kg significantly attenuated effects of doxorubicin administered in a single high dose in rats, concerning general condition, body and liver weight, lipid peroxidation level and antioxidative enzyme activity as well as structural alterations of the hepatic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Jacevic
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleksandar Djordjevic
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Branislava Srdjenovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vukosava Milic-Tores
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Zoran Segrt
- Department for Treatment, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Viktorija Dragojevic-Simic
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Nazmi AS, Ahmad SJ, Pillai KK, Akhtar M, Ahmad A, Najmi AK. Protective effects of Bombyx mori , quercetin and benazepril against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Gokcimen A, Cim A, Tola HT, Bayram D, Kocak A, Ozgüner F, Ayata A. Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine, caffeic acid and vitamin E on doxorubicin hepatotoxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 26:519-25. [PMID: 17698947 DOI: 10.1177/0960327107076885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the possible protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), caffeic acid (CAPE) and vitamin E (Vit-E) on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity. Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats, weighing between 250 and 350 g were supplied and randomly divided into five groups. Animals in study groups were pretreated with a single dose of doxorubicin (Dox), which was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). Control group (Group I) was treated with intraperitoneal saline injection. Group II did not received any antioxidant agent after the injection. Group III and Group IV were given CAPE and intraperitoneal vitamin E injection for eight days, respectively. Group V received NAC for eight days. The study was finished after 10 days. Tissue samples were collected from all animals and histopathological examination was performed. There was statistically significant difference between the experiment groups and controls by means of mononuclear cell infiltration and diameters of hepatic sinusoid, terminal hepatic venule (central vein) and portal area (portal canal). Changes related with hepatocellular damage were more prominent, whereas there was no significant difference between Dox and NAC given groups histopathologically. It was observed that structural changes were regressed after CAPE administration. However, this recovery was more prominent in vitamin E given group. These findings suggest that Dox induced liver damage could be efficiently reversed by vitamin E administration. It has been found that CAPE, but not NAC has protective effects on Dox-induced hepatocellular damage. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26, 519—525
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MESH Headings
- Acetylcysteine/administration & dosage
- Acetylcysteine/therapeutic use
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/toxicity
- Caffeic Acids/administration & dosage
- Caffeic Acids/therapeutic use
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/toxicity
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Free Radical Scavengers/administration & dosage
- Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use
- Hepatocytes/drug effects
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/pathology
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/pathology
- Liver Diseases/prevention & control
- Male
- Microscopy, Polarization/methods
- Protective Agents/administration & dosage
- Protective Agents/therapeutic use
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Vitamin E/administration & dosage
- Vitamin E/therapeutic use
- Vitamins/administration & dosage
- Vitamins/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gokcimen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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Sahin Ersoy G, Eken M, Tal R, Oztekin D, Devranoglu B, Isik Kaygusuz E, Cevik O. N-acetylcysteine leads to greater ovarian protection than enoxaparin sodium in a rat ovarian torsion model. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33:93-101. [PMID: 27083693 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and enoxaparin on ovarian tissue preservation, ovarian reserve and oxidative damage following ovarian torsion/detorsion injury. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 6/group): control; ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R); I/R + NAC; I/R + enoxaparin. Twenty-four hours after detorsion, ovarian tissues were collected for histopathological analysis and measurement of tissue 8-OHdG, GSH, MDA, MPO and SOD concentrations, as well as pre- and post-operative circulating AMH concentrations. Administration of NAC resulted in more pre-antral follicles compared with enoxaparin treatment and haemorrhage and follicle cell degeneration were more pronounced in I/R + enoxaparin group than I/R + NAC group. Both NAC and enoxaparin led to a significant reduction in ovarian tissue 8-OHdG (P = 0.004 and P = 0.01, respectively) and MPO (P = 0.013 and P = 0.023, respectively) concentrations compared with I/R group, indicating a protective effect against I/R oxidative damage. Only NAC-treated animals showed a significant increase in GSH and SOD concentrations and decrease in MDA concentrations compared with I/R group (P = 0.007, P = 0.024 and P = 0.026, respectively). These results indicate that NAC is more effective than enoxaparin in minimizing ovarian damage and preserving ovarian reserve following ovarian torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Sahin Ersoy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Meryem Eken
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zeynep Kamil Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Reshef Tal
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Deniz Oztekin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Belgin Devranoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zeynep Kamil Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ecmel Isik Kaygusuz
- Department of Pathology, Zeynep Kamil Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Cevik
- Department of Biochemistry, Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas, Turkey
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Madhu P, Reddy KP, Reddy PS. Melatonin reduces oxidative stress and restores mitochondrial function in the liver of rats exposed to chemotherapeutics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 323:301-8. [PMID: 25755110 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate whether administration of melatonin protects PVB-Induced oxidative and metabolic toxicity in the liver of Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with either melatonin or PVB (cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin) alone or combination for a period of 9 weeks. A significant increase in lipid peroxidation levels and decrease in catalase and superoxide dismutase activity levels were observed in the liver mitochondria of rats treated with PVB indicating increased oxidative stress. PVB treatment significantly decreased the succinate dehydrogenase activity with a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, and glutamate dehydrogenase activities indicating deranged hepatic metabolism. Melatonin administration, on the other hand was found to significantly improve PVB-Induced biochemical changes, bringing them closer to the controls. The results from the study provide evidence that treatment with PVB affects hepatic metabolism in rats by inducing oxidative stress followed by decreasing mitochondrial oxidation and also point towards the clinical potential of melatonin as an adjuvant therapy to conventional chemotherapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Madhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India.,Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
| | - K Pratap Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India.,Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
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Detection of hepatotoxicity potential with metabolite profiling (metabolomics) of rat plasma. Toxicol Lett 2014; 230:467-78. [PMID: 25086301 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While conventional parameters used to detect hepatotoxicity in drug safety assessment studies are generally informative, the need remains for parameters that can detect the potential for hepatotoxicity at lower doses and/or at earlier time points. Previous work has shown that metabolite profiling (metabonomics/metabolomics) can detect signals of potential hepatotoxicity in rats treated with doxorubicin at doses that do not elicit hepatotoxicity as monitored with conventional parameters. The current study extended this observation to the question of whether such signals could be detected in rats treated with compounds that can elicit hepatotoxicity in humans (i.e., drug-induced liver injury, DILI) but have not been reported to do so in rats. Nine compounds were selected on the basis of their known DILI potential, with six other compounds chosen as negative for DILI potential. A database of rat plasma metabolite profiles, MetaMap(®)Tox (developed by metanomics GmbH and BASF SE) was used for both metabolite profiles and mode of action (MoA) metabolite signatures for a number of known toxicities. Eight of the nine compounds with DILI potential elicited metabolite profiles that matched with MoA patterns of various rat liver toxicities, including cholestasis, oxidative stress, acetaminophen-type toxicity and peroxisome proliferation. By contrast, only one of the six non-DILI compounds showed a weak match with rat liver toxicity. These results suggest that metabolite profiling may indeed have promise to detect signals of hepatotoxicity in rats treated with compounds having DILI potential.
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Kaya C, Turgut H, Cengiz H, Turan A, Ekin M, Yaşar L. Effect of detorsion alone and in combination with enoxaparin therapy on ovarian reserve and serum antimüllerian hormone levels in a rat ovarian torsion model. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:878-884.e1. [PMID: 24996496 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of enoxaparin on ovarian reserve and serum antimüllerian hormone (AMH) levels in a rat ovarian torsion model. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Experimental surgery laboratory in a training and research hospital. ANIMAL(S) Fourteen female Wistar Hannover rats. INTERVENTION(S) 1) Control group received no special treatment other than abdominal exposure; 2) detorsion-only group received bilateral adnexal torsion (3-hour ischemia), and then after 3-hour torsion period, detorsion (reperfusion) was performed; and 3) detorsion-enoxaparin group received 0.5 mg/kg enoxaparin subcutaneously 2 hours before the same surgery as the detorsion-only group and a second 0.5 mg/kg dose of enoxaparin 24 hours after the first surgeries. Apart from the surgeries, preoperative and postoperative 1-mL blood samples were drawn from the right jugular vein of each rat. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Preoperative and postoperative serum AMH levels, histopathologic damage scores, and follicle counts in the ovarian tissue of the rats. RESULT(S) Vascular congestion and hemorrhage scores were higher in the detorsion-enoxaparin group than in the detorsion-only and control groups. The number of small antral follicles was smaller in the detorsion-only group than in the control group. The difference in the pre- and postoperative AMH levels was higher in the detorsion-only group than in the control and detorsion-enoxaparin groups. CONCLUSION(S) The combination of enoxaparin therapy with conventional ovarian detorsion is more effective in protecting the ovarian reserve than detorsion alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Kaya
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Van Özalp State Hospital, Van, Turkey.
| | - Hürriyet Turgut
- Department of Pathology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Cengiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur Turan
- Division of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Ekin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Levent Yaşar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Jaydeokar AV, Bandawane DD, Bibave KH, Patil TV. Hepatoprotective potential of Cassia auriculata roots on ethanol and antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental models. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:344-55. [PMID: 24472085 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.837075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Tarvada [Cassia auriculata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae)] is used against liver ailments in Indian folk medicine, but there is a lack of scientific evidence for this traditional claim. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the protective effect of methanol extract of tarvada (MECA) roots on ethanol and antitubercular drug induced hepatotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the therapeutic model, ethanol (40%, 4 g/kg b.w., p.o.) was administered to rats for 21 days and the intoxicated rats were treated with MECA (300 and 600 mg/kg, b.w.) and silymarin (100 mg/kg, b.w.) for next 7 days. In the prophylactic model, MECA and silymarin were administered simultaneously along with a combination of isoniazid (27 mg/kg, b.w.), rifampicin (54 mg/kg, b.w.) and pyrazinamide (135 mg/kg, b.w.) for 30 days. After the study duration, serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, total protein, albumin were estimated along with hepatic catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver histopathology in each group. RESULTS Administration of tarvada root extract significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05) lowered the elevated levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, total protein and restored the abnormal levels of enzymatic antioxidants and MDA in liver due to toxicant administration in a dose-dependent manner. These results were confirmed by histopathological analysis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Results suggest that tarvada root extract possess potent hepatoprotective activity against ethanol and antitubercular drug-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, which could be due to an inhibition of hepatic metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish V Jaydeokar
- Department of Pharmacology, PES's Modern College of Pharmacy , Pune, Maharashtra , India and
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22
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Oxidative stress induced in rat liver by anticancer drugs doxorubicin, paclitaxel and docetaxel. Adv Med Sci 2014; 58:104-11. [PMID: 23612702 DOI: 10.2478/v10039-012-0063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress generated by anticancer drugs in non-targeted tissues, is considered as a significant factor responsible for their severe side effects, e.g. cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Lack of data on the effect of concurrent administration of commonly used anticancer drugs: doxorubicin (DOX), paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel (DTX) on normal tissue, prompted us to examine the markers of oxidative stress in the liver of rats treated with these drugs. MATERIAL/METHODS Male Wistar rats of average weight 200 g were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 10 mg/kg of body weight (b.w.) of DOX, PTX and DTX. The drugs were given alone or in combinations DOX+taxane. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), low molecular weight and total thiols and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were estimated. RESULTS Combination of two drugs generated greater changes than single agents. Concurrent administration of DOX and PTX increased SOD activity and TBARS, decreased the amount of low molecular weight and total thiols, but did not cause any changes in the activity of catalase. Combination of DOX and DTX induced similar changes except for the activity of catalase, which decreased after the treatment. Of the three drugs only DTX significantly decreased the activity of SOD. However, both taxanes increased the activity of catalase. Although a decrease in concentration of -SH groups, depletion of glutathione and an increase of TBARS were observed after treatment with single drugs, the changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Concurrent administration of DOX and taxane induced enhanced oxidative stress in comparison to single drugs, which suggests their synergistic prooxidant mode of action in liver.
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Saravanan R. Isolation of low-molecular-weight heparin/heparan sulfate from marine sources. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2014; 72:45-60. [PMID: 25081076 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800269-8.00003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The glycosaminoglycan (heparin and heparan sulfate) are polyanionic sulfated polysaccharides mostly recognized for its anticoagulant activity. In many countries, low-molecular-weight heparins have replaced the unfractionated heparin, owing to its high bioavailability, half-life, and less adverse effect. The low-molecular-weight heparins differ in mode of preparation (chemical or enzymatic synthesis and chromatography fractionations) and as a consequence in molecular weight distribution, chemical structure, and pharmacological activities. Bovine and porcine body parts are at present used for manufacturing of commercial heparins, and the appearance of mad cow disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans has limited the use of bovine heparin. Consequently, marine organisms come across the new resource for the production of low-molecular-weight heparin and heparan sulfate. The importance of this chapter suggests that the low-molecular-weight heparin and heparan sulfate from marine species could be alternative sources for commercial heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Saravanan
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, India.
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Caliskan A, Yavuz C, Karahan O, Yazici S, Guclu O, Demirtas S, Mavitas B. Factor-Xa inhibitors protect against systemic oxidant damage induced by peripheral-ischemia reperfusion. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2013; 37:464-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-013-1019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mete R, Oran M, Topcu B, Oznur M, Seber ES, Gedikbasi A, Yetisyigit T. Protective effects of onion (Allium cepa) extract against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 32:551-7. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233713504807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background/aim: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used and potent chemotherapeutic agent. However, serious dose-limiting toxicity through generation of free oxygen radicals is a commonly encountered clinical problem. The aim of the current study was to assess the protective role of onion ( Allium cepa) extract (ACE) against DOX-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Method: A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into 3 equal experimental groups: (1) DOX; (2) ACE + DOX; and (3) control groups. ACE was given orally as 1 mL of fresh ACE juice for 14 consecutive days followed by DOX injection. DOX was injected intraperitoneally in a single dose of 30 mg/kg body weight to induce hepatotoxicity, and the rats were killed after 48 h from injection. Control group was given saline only. Results: In the ACE pretreated group (ACE + DOX), serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and tissue malondialdehyde and glutathione levels were significantly lower, while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were higher compared with the DOX group. The histopathological examination of liver specimens revealed parenchymal necrosis, proliferation of biliary duct in DOX group; while ACE pretreatment provided marked reduction in these changes. Conclusion: Our study indicates that pretreatment with ACE protects against DOX-induced hepatotoxicity due to the antioxidant properties of ACE. Further studies on efficacy of antioxidant treatment by ACE in DOX-mediated toxicity and underlying mechanisms would provide a better explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafet Mete
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Oran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Birol Topcu
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Meltem Oznur
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | | | - Asuman Gedikbasi
- Biochemistry Department, Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tarkan Yetisyigit
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Lee IC, Kim SH, Baek HS, Moon C, Bae CS, Kim SH, Yun WK, Nam KH, Kim HC, Kim JC. Melatonin improves adriamycin-induced hepatic oxidative damage in rats. Mol Cell Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-013-0033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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27
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Ben Aharon I, Bar Joseph H, Tzabari M, Shenkman B, Farzam N, Levi M, Shalgi R, Stemmer SM, Savion N. Doxorubicin-induced vascular toxicity--targeting potential pathways may reduce procoagulant activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75157. [PMID: 24073244 PMCID: PMC3779248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous study in mice using real-time intravital imaging revealed an acute deleterious effect of doxorubicin (DXR) on the gonadal vasculature, as a prototype of an end-organ, manifested by a reduction in blood flow and disintegration of the vessel wall. We hypothesized that this pattern may represent the formation of microthrombi. We aimed to further characterize the effect of DXR on platelets' activity and interaction with endothelial cells (EC) and to examine potential protectants to reduce DXR acute effect on the blood flow. METHODS The effect of DXR on platelet adhesion and aggregation were studied in vitro. For in vivo studies, mice were injected with either low molecular weight heparin (LMWH; Enoxaparin) or with eptifibatide (Integrilin(©)) prior to DXR treatment. Testicular arterial blood flow was examined in real-time by pulse wave Doppler ultrasound. RESULTS Platelet treatment with DXR did not affect platelet adhesion to a thrombogenic surface but significantly decreased ADP-induced platelet aggregation by up to 40% (p<0.001). However, there was a significant increase in GPIIbIIIa-mediated platelet adhesion to DXR-exposed endothelial cells (EC; 5.7-fold; p<0.001) reflecting the toxic effect of DXR on EC. The testicular arterial blood flow was preserved in mice pre-treated with LMWH or eptifibatide prior to DXR (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS DXR-induced acute vascular toxicity may involve increased platelet-EC adhesion leading to EC-bound microthrombi formation resulting in compromised blood flow. Anti-platelet/anti-coagulant agents are effective in reducing the detrimental effect of DXR on the vasculature and thus may serve as potential protectants to lessen this critical toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Ben Aharon
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Center and Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tiqva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
| | - Hadas Bar Joseph
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moran Tzabari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Boris Shenkman
- Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Nahid Farzam
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mattan Levi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruth Shalgi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Salomon M. Stemmer
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Center and Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tiqva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naphtali Savion
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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El-Dayem SMA, Fouda FM, Ali EHA, Motelp BAAE. The antitumor effects of tetrodotoxin and/or doxorubicin on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing female mice. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 29:404-417. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233711434955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of tetrodotoxin (TTX) and/or doxorubicin (DOX) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice through the investigated biochemical parameters. TTX and/or DOX with or without N-acetylcystiene were administrated after 10 days into EAC-female mice for a period of 2 weeks in six equal doses. Treatment with TTX or DOX caused a significant decrease in the mean tumor weight and an increase in the cumulative mean survival time when compared with EAC group. All the treatments reduced the elevated liver tumor markers and increased liver antioxidant enzymes under investigation in comparison with EAC. Hepatic cells, suffered severely from degeneration and karriolysis in EAC group, revealed some improvement as appearance of healthy hepatocytes by TTX treatment. The present results suggested that TTX had a more powerful inhibitor effect on EAC growth than DOX and TTX plus DOX treatments reflected by antitumor biochemical and histological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiha M Abd El-Dayem
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women’s for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Fouda
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women’s for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Elham H A Ali
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women’s for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Bosy A Abd El Motelp
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women’s for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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Carll AP, Willis MS, Lust RM, Costa DL, Farraj AK. Merits of non-invasive rat models of left ventricular heart failure. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2012; 11:91-112. [PMID: 21279739 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-011-9103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is characterized as a limitation to cardiac output that prevents the heart from supplying tissues with adequate oxygen and predisposes individuals to pulmonary edema. Impaired cardiac function is secondary to either decreased contractility reducing ejection (systolic failure), diminished ventricular compliance preventing filling (diastolic failure), or both. To study HF etiology, many different techniques have been developed to elicit this condition in experimental animals, with varying degrees of success. Among rats, surgically induced HF models are the most prevalent, but they bear several shortcomings, including high mortality rates and limited recapitulation of the pathophysiology, etiology, and progression of human HF. Alternatively, a number of non-invasive HF induction methods avoid many of these pitfalls, and their merits in technical simplicity, reliability, survivability, and comparability to the pathophysiologic and pathogenic characteristics of HF are reviewed herein. In particular, this review focuses on the primary pathogenic mechanisms common to genetic strains (spontaneously hypertensive and spontaneously hypertensive heart failure), pharmacological models of toxic cardiomyopathy (doxorubicin and isoproterenol), and dietary salt models, all of which have been shown to induce left ventricular HF in the rat. Additional non-invasive techniques that may potentially enable the development of new HF models are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P Carll
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599 USA.
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Sakr SA, Abo-El-Yazid SM. Effect of fenugreek seed extract on adriamycin-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in albino rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 28:876-85. [PMID: 22082829 DOI: 10.1177/0748233711425076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds against hepatotoxicity induced in albino rats by the anticancer drug adriamycin (ADR). Animals were given single dose of ADR (10 mg/kg body weight) and were killed after 2 and 4 weeks. Liver of ADR-treated animals showed histopathological and biochemical alterations. The histopathological changes include hepatic tissue impairment, cytoplasmic vacuolization of the hepatocytes, congestion of blood vessels, leucocytic infiltrations and fatty infiltration. Moreover, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was increased in ADR-treated rats. The liver enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) and alanine aminotransferase (AST) were increased in the sera of treated rats. Moreover, ADR significantly increased the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in hepatic tissue. Treating animals with ADR and aqueous extract of fenugreek (0.4 g/kg body weight) seeds led to an improvement in histological and biochemical alterations induced by ADR. The biochemical results showed that AST and ALT appeared normal together with reduction in the level of MDA (lipid peroxidation marker) and increase in SOD and CAT activities. It was concluded from this study that the aqueous extract fenugreek seeds has a beneficial impact on ADR-induced hepatotoxicity due to its antioxidant effect in albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber A Sakr
- Zoology Department, Menoufia University, Shebin El-kom, Egypt.
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Dursun N, Taşkın E, Yerer Aycan MB, Şahin L. Selenium-mediated cardioprotection against adriamycin-induced mitochondrial damage. Drug Chem Toxicol 2011; 34:199-207. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2010.538693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Torres VM, Srdjenovic B, Jacevic V, Simic VD, Djordjevic A, Simplício AL. Fullerenol C60(OH)24 prevents doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2011; 62:707-18. [PMID: 20885011 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Results obtained in vitro suggested that fullerenol's antiproliferative properties and protective effects against doxorubicin (DOX) cytotoxicity are mediated by antioxidative and hydroxyl radical scavenger activity. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of fullerenol on acute cardiotoxicity after the administration of a single high dose of DOX in vivo. The experiment was performed on male Wistar rats randomly divided into five groups, each containing eight individuals, that were treated as follows: I) 0.9% NaCl, II) 10 mg/kg DOX, III) 50 mg/kg fullerenol 30 min before 10 mg/kg DOX, IV) 100 mg/kg fullerenol 30 min before 10 mg/kg DOX, and V) 100 mg/kg fullerenol. A functional, biochemical, hematological, and pathomorphological examination of the heart as well as an evaluation of oxidative stress parameters was conducted on days 2 and 14 after DOX administration. The function of the heart was investigated by monitoring heart contractility after the adrenaline infusion. Fullerenol, applied alone, did not alter basal values of investigated animals. Both doses of fullerenol, used as a pretreatment, did not alter the basal parameters of the animals. The 100 mg/kg dose of fullerenol showed better protection. Considering the mechanisms of DOX toxicity, fullerenol likely exerts its protective role as a free radical sponge and/or by removing free iron through the formation of a fullerenol-iron complex. Our results suggest that fullerenol might be a potential cardioprotective agent in DOX-treated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vukosava Milic Torres
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
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Nazmi AS, Ahmad SJ, Rashikh A, Akhtar M, Pillai KK, Najmi AK. Protective effects of ‘Khamira Abresham Hakim Arshad Wala’, a unani formulation against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Toxicol Mech Methods 2010; 21:41-7. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.529188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Rashikh A, Abul Kalam Najmi, Akhtar M, Mahmood D, Pillai KK, Ahmad SJ. Protective effects of aliskiren in doxorubicin-induced acute cardiomyopathy in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:102-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110369819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, effect of aliskiren (ALK) on doxorubicin (DXR)-induced cardiomyopathy in rats was evaluated. ALK (50 and 100 mg/kg/day) was administered for 7 days and a single intraperitoneal injection of DXR (20 mg/kg) on day 5. The animals were sacrificed 48 h after DXR administration. DXR produced significant elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly inhibited the activity of glutathione (GSH) in heart tissue, with a significant rise in the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), indicating acute cardiac toxicity. ALK pretreatment significantly reduced the MDA concentration and ameliorated the inhibition of cardiac GSH activity. ALK also significantly improved the serum levels of LDH, TC, TG, LDL and reduction in HDL in DXR-treated rats. Furthermore, histological examination of the heart sections confirmed the myocardial injury with DXR administration and the near-normal pattern with ALK pretreatment. The results provide clear evidence that the ALK pretreatment offered significant protection against DXR-induced enzymatic changes and cardiac tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Rashikh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Danish Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Krishna K Pillai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Shibli J Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India,
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Preventive Effect of Low Molecular Weight Glycosaminoglycan from Amussium pleuronectus (Linne) on Oxidative Injury and Cellular Abnormalities in Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 162:43-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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El-Sayyad HI, Ismail MF, Shalaby FM, Abou-El-Magd RF, Gaur RL, Fernando A, Raj MHG, Ouhtit A. Histopathological effects of cisplatin, doxorubicin and 5-flurouracil (5-FU) on the liver of male albino rats. Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5:466-73. [PMID: 19584954 PMCID: PMC2706427 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.5.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, doxorubicin and fluorouracil (5-FU), drugs belonging to different chemical classes, have been extensively used for chemotherapy of various cancers. Despite extensive investigations into their hepatotoxicity, there is very limited information on their effects on the structure and ultra-structure of liver cells in vivo. Here, we demonstrate for the first time, the effects of these three anticancer drugs on rat liver toxicity using both light and electron microscopy. Light microscopic observations revealed that higher doses of cisplatin and doxorubicin caused massive hepatotoxicity compared to 5-FU treatment, including dissolution of hepatic cords, focal inflammation and necrotic tissues. Interestingly, low doses also exhibited abnormal changes, including periportal fibrosis, degeneration of hepatic cords and increased apoptosis. These changes were confirmed at ultrastructural level, including vesiculated rough endoplasmic reticulum and atrophied mitochondria with ill-differentiated cisternae, dense collection of macrophages and lymphocytes as well as fibrocytes with collagenous fibrils manifesting early sign of fibrosis, especially in response to cisplatin and doxorubicin -treatment. Our results provide in vivo evidence, at ultrastructural level, of direct hepatotoxicity caused by cisplatin, doxorubicin and 5-FU at both light and electron microscopi. These results can guide the design of appropriate treatment regimen to reduce the hepatotoxic effects of these anticancer drugs.
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Saalu L, Ajayi G, Adeneye A, Imosemi I, Osinubi A. Ethanolic Seed Extract of Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad) as an Effective Attenuator of Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Rat Heart. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/ijcr.2009.44.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Winter JL, Barber LG, Freeman L, Griessmayr PC, Milbury PE, Blumberg JB. Antioxidant status and biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2009; 23:311-6. [PMID: 19210312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress might play a role in carcinogenesis, as well as impacting morbidity and mortality of veterinary cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant concentrations and biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with newly diagnosed lymphoma before treatment and once in remission, with comparison with healthy controls. HYPOTHESIS Dogs with lymphoma have increased oxidant and reduced antioxidant concentrations compared with healthy controls, and that these abnormalities normalize once remission is achieved. ANIMALS Seventeen dogs with lymphoma and 10 healthy controls. METHODS Prospective, observational study. Measures of oxidative stress [malondialdehyde and total isoprostanes (isoP)] and antioxidants [alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx)] were assessed in dogs with newly diagnosed lymphoma before treatment compared with healthy control dogs. The same parameters were measured in the dogs with lymphoma on week 7 of the chemotherapy protocol when all dogs were in remission. RESULTS At baseline, dogs with lymphoma had significantly lower alpha-tocopherol (P <.001) and gamma-tocopherol (P= .003) but higher GSHPx (P= .05), ORAC (P= .001), and isoP (P < .001) compared with healthy controls. In the dogs with lymphoma, alpha-tocopherol concentrations were higher (P= .005) and ascorbic acid were lower (P= .04) after treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Results suggest that dogs with lymphoma have alterations in oxidant and antioxidant concentrations and that the status of some of these biomarkers normalize after remission. Further studies are warranted to determine whether antioxidant interventions to correct these are beneficial in the treatment of canine lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Winter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
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García-de-la-Asunción J, de Toro P, Planelles V, Belda J, Perez-Griera J, Gambini J, Domenech E. Bemiparin improves the total antioxidant status in plasma. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 602:380-2. [PMID: 19061882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 11/11/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to test the protective effect of bemiparin (3500 I.U., s.c.) against oxidative stress in plasma from healthy volunteers. We have evaluated the total antioxidant activity in plasma, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and oxidized glutathione and malondialdehyde levels, in two groups: treated (n=20) and control (n=15). Blood samples were collected at: basal, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h. Total antioxidant activity and antioxidant enzymes activity were higher in the treated group at 2-6 h. However, oxidized glutathione and malondialdehyde levels were lower in the treated group at same times. The results suggest that bemiparin exerts an early beneficial effect against oxidative stress in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- José García-de-la-Asunción
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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Melatonin controls oxidative stress and modulates iron, ferritin, and transferrin levels in adriamycin treated rats. Life Sci 2008; 83:563-8. [PMID: 18793653 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Chemotherapy with adriamycin (ADR) is limited by its iron-mediated pro-oxidant toxicity. Because melatonin (MLT) is a broad spectrum antioxidant, we investigated the ability of MLT to control iron, its binding proteins, and the oxidative damage induced by ADR. MAIN METHODS ADR was given as single i.p. dose of 10 mg kg(-1) body weight into male rats. MLT at a dose of 15 mg kg(-1) was injected daily for 5 days before ADR treatment followed by another injection for 5 days. Biochemical methods were used for this investigation. KEY FINDINGS ADR injection caused elevations in plasma creatine kinase isoenzyme, lactic dehydrogenase, and aminotransferases, iron, ferritin, and transferrin. These changes were associated with increases in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation as well as decreases in glutathione (GSH) levels and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, while glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) activity were elevated in the heart and liver of ADR treated rats. In the MLT+ADR group, the cardiac and hepatic function parameters and the levels of iron, transferrin and ferritin in plasma were normalized to control levels. The rats that were subjected to MLT+ADR had normalized CAT and GSH-Px activity and decreased TBARS and protein carbonyl levels compared the group only treated with ADR. GST activity and GSH concentration in the heart and liver were normalized when MLT accompanied ADR treatment. SIGNIFICANCE MLT ameliorated oxidative stress by controlling iron, and binding protein levels in ADR treated rats demonstrating the usefulness of adriamycin in cancer chemotherapy and allowing a better management of iron levels.
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You JS, Pan TL, Lee YS. Protective effects of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) on adriamycin-induced cardiac and hepatic toxicity in rats. Phytother Res 2008; 21:1146-52. [PMID: 17639557 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of Danshen (DS, Salvia miltiorrhiza) on adriamycin (ADR)-induced cardiac and hepatic toxicity. Wistar rats were divided into six groups: control group, 10 animals received saline (i.p.); 15 animals received ADR (3 mg/kg, i.p.) three times weekly, for 2 weeks; 10 animals each received DS(1) (20 mg/kg, oral) and DS(2) (100 mg/kg, oral) for 30 days; 15 animals each received DS(1) + ADR and DS(2) + ADR. The ADR-induced cardiac and hepatic toxicity and protective action of DS were determined and quantitated with the use of hemodynamic measurements, biochemical analyses of serum, synthesis rates of DNA, RNA and protein, myocardial antioxidants, lipid peroxidation and histopathological procedure. Liver function was damaged. Nucleic acid as well as protein synthesis was inhibited, while lipid peroxidation was increased. Myocardial glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity and superoxide dismutase activities (SOD) were decreased and histopathology revealed myocardial lesions indicative of ADR-induced cardiac and hepatic toxicity. In contrast, administration of DS before and concurrent with ADR significantly attenuated these effects. In conclusion, DS is potentially protective against ADR-induced cardiac and hepatic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Sheng You
- Chang Gung University School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kweishan, Taiwan, China.
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42
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Influence of fullerenol C60(OH)24 on enzime status in serum of rats after single dose administration of doxorubicine. HEMIJSKA INDUSTRIJA 2008. [DOI: 10.2298/hemind0803191g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The antracycline antibiotics have one of the widest areas of use in oncology. The most investigated mechanisms of their antineoplastic activity include: interactions of these antibiotics with DNA, inhibition of topoisomerase II and production of free radicals. However, the side effects of doxorubicin, especially cardiotoxicity, are the limiting factor of its use in cancer therapy. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of fullerenol ?60(?H)24 as a cytoprotector in single doze administration of doxorubicin on the activity of enzymes in serum (CK, AST, ALT, LDH and a-HBDH) in rats in in vivo system. Activity of enzymes (CK, LDH, HBDH, AST, and ALT) in serume was measured with standard commercial methods. The results of analysis of the samples treated with the combination of fullerenol and doxorubicin show no difference in enzyme activity in comparison with the control group. The results indicate the possibility of using fullerenol as a protector in the therapy with doxorubicin in malign neoplasm.
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Hassan F, Morikawa A, Islam S, Tumurkhuu G, Dagvadorj J, Koide N, Naiki Y, Mori I, Yoshida T, Yokochi T. Lipopolysaccharide augments the in vivo lethal action of doxorubicin against mice via hepatic damage. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 151:334-40. [PMID: 18062793 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03568.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the in vivo lethal action of doxorubicin (DOX) against mice was studied. DOX killed LPS-pretreated mice much earlier than untreated mice, and exhibited a stronger toxic action against LPS-pretreated mice. DOX-induced lethality in LPS-pretreated mice was due to severe hepatic damage, but there were no significant lesions in the heart, kidney and lung. Hepatic lesions were accompanied by caspase 3-positive cells and fragmented DNA-positive cells, suggesting the involvement of apoptosis. DOX induced the production of a high level of interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in LPS-pretreated mice, but not in non-treated mice. The DOX-induced lethality was prevented significantly by anti-IFN-gamma antibody, but not anti-TNF-alpha antibody. Administration of recombinant IFN-gamma in place of LPS augmented definitively the DOX-induced lethality. LPS augmented the DOX-induced lethality in TNF-alpha-deficient mice. Taken together, LPS was suggested to enhance DOX-induced IFN-gamma production and augment the in vivo lethal action via hepatic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hassan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
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Anjos Ferreira AL, Russell RM, Rocha N, Placido Ladeira MS, Favero Salvadori DM, Oliveira Nascimento MCM, Matsui M, Carvalho FA, Tang G, Matsubara LS, Matsubara BB. Effect of Lycopene on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: An Echocardiographic, Histological and Morphometrical Assessment. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 101:16-24. [PMID: 17577311 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is an excellent chemotherapeutic agent utilized for several types of cancer but the irreversible doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage is the major limitation for its use. Oxidative stress seems to be associated with some phase of the toxicity mechanism process. To determine if lycopene protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned either to control, lycopene, doxorubicin or doxorubicin + lycopene groups. They received corn oil (control, doxorubicin) or lycopene (5 mg/kg body weight a day) (lycopene, doxorubicin + lycopene) by gavage for a 7-week period. They also received saline (control, lycopene) or doxorubicin (4 mg/kg) (doxorubicin, doxorubin + lycopene) intraperitoneally by week 3, 4, 5 and 6. Animals underwent echocardiogram and were killed for tissue analyses by week 7. Mean lycopene levels (nmol/kg) in liver were higher in the doxorubicin + lycopene group (5822.59) than in the lycopene group (2496.73), but no differences in lycopene were found in heart or plasma of these two groups. Lycopene did not prevent left ventricular systolic dysfunction induced by doxorubicin. However, morphologic examination revealed that doxorubicin-induced myocyte damage was significantly suppressed in rats treated with lycopene. Doxorubicin treatment was followed by increase of myocardium interstitial collagen volume fraction. Our results show that: (i) doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity was confirmed by echocardiogram and morphological evaluations; (ii) lycopene absorption was confirmed by its levels in heart, liver and plasma; (iii) lycopene supplementation provided myocyte protection without preventing interstitial collagen accumulation increase; (iv) doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction was not prevented by lycopene supplementation; and (v) lycopene depletion was not observed in plasma and tissues from animals treated with doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucia Anjos Ferreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Yagmurca M, Bas O, Mollaoglu H, Sahin O, Nacar A, Karaman O, Songur A. Protective effects of erdosteine on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Arch Med Res 2007; 38:380-5. [PMID: 17416283 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has an important role in the pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of erdosteine, an antioxidant agent, on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS Rats were divided into control, doxorubicin alone (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and doxorubicin plus erdosteine (50 mg/kg/day, oral) groups. At the end of the 10(th) day, liver tissues were removed for light microscopy and analysis. The levels of tissue protein carbonyl content, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, were determined. RESULTS The tissue of the doxorubicin group showed some histopathological changes such as necrosis, hepatocyte degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, hemorrhage and vascular congestion and dilatation. In the doxorubicin plus erdosteine group, histopathological evidence of hepatic damage was markedly reduced. Biochemical parameters were consistent with histological parameters. CONCLUSIONS Doxorubicin caused hepatotoxicity, and erdosteine treatment prevented lipid peroxidation and protein oxidant in liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Yagmurca
- Histology-Embryology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Medical Faculty, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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Santhosh S, Sini TK, Anandan R, Mathew PT. Hepatoprotective activity of chitosan against isoniazid and rifampicin-induced toxicity in experimental rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 572:69-73. [PMID: 17612523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2006] [Revised: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a dangerous disease and its death toll is increasing year by year. Intake of isoniazid and rifampicin, the most common antitubercular drugs, lead to fatal hepatotoxic condition. We have studied the protective effect of chitosan supplementation against the hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs with respect to the changes in the levels of protein, albumin-globulin ratio, urea and bilirubin in the serum and diagnostic marker enzymes (alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase), protein, glycoprotein conjugates (hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid), lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione in the liver tissue of normal and experimental groups of rats. Co-administration of chitosan was found to significantly prevent the antitubercular drugs-induced alterations in the levels of diagnostic marker enzymes, bilirubin and albumin/globulin ratio in experimental groups of rats. Isoniazid and rifampicin-induced lipid peroxidation was also found to be prevented by the administration of chitosan. Further, chitosan administration increased the levels of urea and protein (in serum and liver) in experimental groups compared to hepatotoxicity-induced group of rats. Levels of glycoconjugates were also maintained to near normal level by chitosan co-administration. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that chitosan is beneficial against antitubercualr drugs-induced hepatoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sethumadhavan Santhosh
- Fish processing Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin-682029, India.
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Lin HL, Xu XS, Lu HX, Zhang L, Li CJ, Tang MX, Sun HW, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Pathological mechanisms and dose dependency of erythrocyte-induced vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2007; 43:272-80. [PMID: 17628589 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2007.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Revised: 05/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To test our hypothesis that erythrocytes may induce plaque vulnerability and investigate the mechanism involved, we established a novel model of intraplaque hemorrhage in 56 New Zealand white rabbits with established plaques. Three distinct abdominal aortic plaques with similar thickness were identified in each rabbit with use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. Rabbits were equally divided into 4 groups depending on dosage of treatment; with the guidance of IVUS, one of the three plaques from each rabbit was injected from adventitia with autologous erythrocytes (RBC) or cholesterol (CH) for the following groups: RBC, 50 microL or 100 microL, and CH, 50 microL or 100 microL. One of the other two plaques in each rabbit received an equal volume of normal saline (NS) and one received no injection. Plaques in the 100 microL RBC group had a higher plaque rupture rate than its respective NS or blank controls plaques (57.1% vs. 14.3% or 14.3%, P<0.05). Plaques from the RBC or cholesterol groups showed, dose-dependently, more macrophage infiltration, more superoxide and lipid content, thinner plaque fibrous cap, higher mRNA level of MCP-1, IL-1 or IFN-gamma and higher vulnerability index than controls, especially in the RBC group. Thus, erythrocyte treatment can dose-dependently induce the vulnerability of plaques. Accumulation of lipid content and augmentation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the plaques are the probable pathological mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-li Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
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Chen H, Yan X, Zhu P, Lin J. Antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of agaro-oligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo. Nutr J 2006; 5:31. [PMID: 17140450 PMCID: PMC1698930 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-5-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 12/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Agaro-oligosaccharides derived from red seaweed polysaccharide have been reported to possess antioxidant activity. In order to assess the live protective effects of agar-oligosaccharides, we did both in vitro and in vivo studies based on own-made agaro-oligosaccharides, and the structural information of this oligosaccharide was also determined. Method Structure of agaro-oligosaccharides prepared with acid hydrolysis on agar was confirmed by matrix-assisted ultraviolet laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and NMR. The antioxidant effect of agaro-oligosaccharides on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed by 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Carbon tetrachloride was used to induce liver injury, some index including SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, AST, ALT were examined to determine the hepatoprotective effect of agaro-oligosaccharides. Results Agaro-oligosaccharides we got were composed of odd polymerizations with molecular weights ranged from 500 to 2500. Results from intracellular test indicated that agaro-oligosaccharides could significantly scavenge the level of oxidants in the hepatocytes, more beneficially, also associated with the improvement of cell viability In vivo studies of the antioxidant effects on tissue peroxidative damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rat model indicated that agaro-oligosaccharides could elevate the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and decrease the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) significantly. At 400 mg/kg, MDA level reduced 44 % and 21 % in liver and heart, SOD and GSH-Px increased to highest in liver and serum, while ALT level decreased 22.16 % in serum. Conclusion Overall, the results of the present study indicate that agaro-oligosaccharides can exert their in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective effect through scavenging oxidative damage induced by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
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Gnanapragasam A, Yogeeta S, Subhashini R, Ebenezar KK, Sathish V, Devaki T. Adriamycin induced myocardial failure in rats: Protective role of Centella asiatica. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 294:55-63. [PMID: 16786185 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-9245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity. Mitochondrial dysfunction is characterized by the accumulation of oxidized lipids, proteins and DNA, leading to disorganization of mitochondrial structure and systolic failure. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Centella asiatica on the mitochondrial enzymes; mitochondrial antioxidant status in adriamycin induced myocardial injury. Adriamycin (2.5 mg/kg body wt., i.p.) induced mitochondrial damage in rats was assessed in terms of decreased activities (p<0.05) of cardiac marker enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, amino transferases), TCA cycle enzymes (isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, respiratory marker enzymes (NADH-dehydrogenase, cytochrome-C-oxidase), mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GSH, SOD,CAT) and increased (p<0.05) level of lipid peroxidation. Mitochondrial damage was confirmed by transmission electron microscopic examination. Pre-co-treatment with aqueous extract of Centella asiatica (200 mg/kg body wt, oral) effectively counteracted the alterations in mitochondrial enzymes and mitochondrial defense system. In addition, transmission electron microscopy study confirms the restoration of cellular normalcy and accredits the cytoprotective role of Centella asiatica against adriamycin induced myocardial injury. Our results demonstrated elevated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in adriamycin treated rats. Moreover, on the basis of our findings it may be concluded that the aqueous extract of C. asiatica not only possesses antioxidant properties but it may also reduce the extent of mitochondrial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gnanapragasam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025, Tamilnadu, India.
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Deepa PR, Varalakshmi P. Biochemical evaluation of the inflammatory changes in cardiac, hepatic and renal tissues of adriamycin-administered rats and the modulatory role of exogenous heparin-derivative treatment. Chem Biol Interact 2005; 156:93-100. [PMID: 16154121 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2005] [Revised: 07/29/2005] [Accepted: 07/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to evaluate the role of a heparin derivative, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), certoparin on the inflammatory changes in adriamycin (ADR) cytotoxicity on a biochemical basis. Male Wistar rats (140+/-10g) were divided into four groups: untreated control, ADR group (a single dose intravenous injection of 7.5 mg/kg ADR), LMWH control (300 microg/(day rat) s.c. for 1 week) and ADR plus LMWH group (7.5 mg/kg ADR on day 1 of study period followed by LMWH treatment, 300 microg/(day rat) commencing on day 8 and continued for 1 week). At the end of the 2-week experimental period, biochemical assessment of the inflammatory status was carried out in the plasma, cardiac, hepatic and renal tissues. Increased concentrations of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen indicated severe inflammation in the ADR cytotoxic rats. These acute-phase inflammatory markers diminished significantly in the LMWH treated group, when compared with the cytotoxic group (p<0.001). Tissue damage was marked by elevated levels of plasma and tissue hexose, hexosamine, hexuronic acid and sialic acid, which were reversed on LMWH administration (p<0.001). The activities of lysosomal enzymes was measured in the experimental groups, and it was observed that the ADR induced rats showed a marked increase in the enzymic activities, while LMWH treated rats revealed normal activities. The present study throws light on the inflammatory changes in the ADR-challenged heart, liver and kidney tissues, and projects the biochemical basis for the anti-inflammatory property of the LMWH, certoparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Deepa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India.
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