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Mori Y, Kobayashi H, Fujita Y, Yatagawa M, Kato S, Kawanishi S, Murata M, Oikawa S. Mechanism of reactive oxygen species generation and oxidative DNA damage induced by acrylohydroxamic acid, a putative metabolite of acrylamide. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 873:503420. [PMID: 35094805 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide is formed during the heating of food and is also found in cigarette smoke. It is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a probable human carcinogen (Group 2A). Glycidamide, an epoxide metabolite of acrylamide, is implicated in the mechanism of acrylamide carcinogenicity. Acrylamide causes oxidative DNA damage in target organs. We sought to clarify the mechanism of acrylamide-induced oxidative DNA damage by investigating site-specific DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by a putative metabolite of acrylamide, acrylohydroxamic acid (AA). Our results, using 32P-5'-end-labeled DNA fragments, indicated that, although AA alone did not damage DNA, AA treated with amidase induced DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II). DNA cleavage occurred preferentially at T and C, and particularly at T in 5'-TG-3' sequences, and the DNA cleavage pattern was similar to that of hydroxylamine. The DNA damage was inhibited by methional, catalase, and Cu(I)-chelator bathocuproine, suggesting that H2O2 and Cu(I) are involved in the mechanism of DNA damage induced by AA treated with amidase. In addition, amidase-treated AA increased 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine formation in calf thymus DNA, an indicator of oxidative DNA damage, in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, hydroxylamine, possibly produced from AA treated with amidase, was autoxidized via the Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox cycle and H2O2 generation, suggesting that oxidative DNA damage induced by ROS plays an important role in acrylamide-related carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Mori
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan; Faculty of Pharmacy, Gifu University of Medical Science, 4-3-3 Nijigaoka, Kani, Gifu, 509-0293, Japan
| | - Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshio Fujita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3, Minamitamagaki, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8670, Japan
| | - Minami Yatagawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shinya Kato
- Radioisotope Experimental Facility, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3, Minamitamagaki, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8670, Japan
| | - Mariko Murata
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
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Benigni R, Bossa C, Battistelli CL, Tcheremenskaia O. IARC classes 1 and 2 carcinogens are successfully identified by an alternative strategy that detects DNA-reactivity and cell transformation ability of chemicals. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 758:56-61. [PMID: 24076401 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
For decades, traditional toxicology has been the ultimate source of information on the carcinogenic potential of chemicals; however with increasing demand on regulation of chemicals and decreasing resources for testing, opportunities to accept "alternative" approaches have dramatically expanded. The need for tools able to identify carcinogens in shorter times and at a lower cost in terms of animal lives and money is still an open issue, and the present strategies and regulations for carcinogenicity pre-screening do not adequately protect human health. In previous papers, we have proposed an integrated in vitro/in silico strategy that detects DNA-reactivity and tissue disorganization/disruption by chemicals, and we have shown that the combination of Salmonella and Structural Alerts for the DNA-reactive carcinogens, and in vitro cell transformation assays for nongenotoxic carcinogens permits the identification of a very large proportion (up to 95%) of rodent carcinogens, while having a considerable specificity with the rodent noncarcinogens. In the present paper we expand the previous investigation and show that this alternative strategy identifies correctly IARC Classes 1 and 2 carcinogens. If implemented, this alternative strategy can contribute to improve the protection of human health while decreasing the use of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romualdo Benigni
- Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Environment and Health Department, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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The effect of protic electron donor aromatic substituents on ferrocenic and [3]ferrocenophanic anilines and anilides: Some aspects of structure–activity relationship studies on organometallic compounds with strong antiproliferative effects. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kennedy GL. Toxicology of dimethyl and monomethyl derivatives of acetamide and formamide: a second update. Crit Rev Toxicol 2012; 42:793-826. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2012.725028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bull RJ, Reckhow DA, Li X, Humpage AR, Joll C, Hrudey SE. Potential carcinogenic hazards of non-regulated disinfection by-products: haloquinones, halo-cyclopentene and cyclohexene derivatives, N-halamines, halonitriles, and heterocyclic amines. Toxicology 2011; 286:1-19. [PMID: 21605618 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Drinking water disinfectants react with natural organic material (NOM) present in source waters used for drinking water to produce a wide variety of by-products. Several hundred disinfections by-products (DBPs) have been identified, but none have been identified with sufficient carcinogenic potency to account for the cancer risks projected from epidemiological studies. In a search for DBPs that might fill this risk gap, the present study projected reactions of chlorine and chloramine that could occur with substructures present in NOM to produce novel by-products. A review of toxicological data on related compounds, supplemented by use of a quantitative structure toxicity relationship (QSTR) program TOPKAT®) identified chemicals with a high probability of being chronically toxic and/or carcinogenic among 489 established and novel DBPs. Classes of DBPs that were specifically examined were haloquinones (HQs), related halo-cyclopentene and cyclohexene (HCP&H) derivatives, halonitriles (HNs), organic N-chloramines (NCls), haloacetamides (HAMs), and nitrosamines (NAs). A review of toxicological data available for quinones suggested that HQs and HCP&H derivatives appeared likely to be of health concern and were predicted to have chronic lowest observed adverse effect levels (LOAELs) in the low μg/kg day range. Several HQs were predicted to be carcinogenic. Some have now been identified in drinking water. The broader class of HNs was explored by considering current toxicological data on haloacetonitriles and extending this to halopropionitriles. 2,2-dichloropropionitrile has been identified in drinking water at low concentrations, as well as the more widely recognized haloacetonitriles. The occurrence of HAMs has been previously documented. The very limited toxicological data on HAMs suggests that this class would have toxicological potencies similar to the dihaloacetic acids. Organic N-halamines are also known to be produced in drinking water treatment and have biological properties of concern, but no member has ever been characterized toxicologically beyond bacterial or in vitro studies of genotoxicity. The documented formation of several nitrosamines from secondary amines from both natural and industrial sources prompted exploration of the formation of additional nitrosamines. N-diphenylnitrosamine was identified in drinking waters. Of more interest, however, was the formation of phenazine (and subsequently N-chorophenazine) in a competing reaction. These are the first heterocyclic amines that have been identified as chlorination by-products. Consideration of the amounts detected of members of these by-product classes and their probable toxicological potency suggest a prioritization for obtaining more detailed toxicological data of HQs>HCP&H derivatives>NCls>HNs. Based upon a ubiquitous occurrence and virtual lack of in vivo toxicological data, NCls are the most difficult group to assign a priority as potential carcinogenic risks. This analysis indicates that research on the general problem of DBPs requires a more systematic approach than has been pursued in the past. Utilization of predictive chemical tools to guide further research can help bring resolution to the DBP issue by identifying likely DBPs with high toxicological potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bull
- MoBull Consulting, 1928 Meadows Drive North, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
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Zekri O, Hillard EA, Top S, Vessières A, Pigeon P, Plamont MA, Huché M, Boutamine S, McGlinchey MJ, Müller-Bunz H, Jaouen G. Role of aromatic substituents on the antiproliferative effects of diphenyl ferrocenyl butene compounds. Dalton Trans 2009:4318-26. [PMID: 19662309 DOI: 10.1039/b819812h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have been exploring the cytotoxic effects of conjugated phenylferrocene systems on breast cancer cells. Complexes with p-OH, p-NH(2), and p-NHC(O)CH(3) substitution show particularly high activity, with IC(50) values in the low or sub micromolar range for both the hormone-dependent MCF-7 and hormone-independent MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. We now present the synthesis, X-ray crystal structures and biochemical studies of analogous halogen or pseudo-halogen para-substituted compounds with R = Cl, (Z)-7a; Br, (Z)-7b; CF(3), (E)-7c; and CN, (E)-7d and (Z)-7d. Lacking hydrogen bonding groups, the compounds have low, but non-zero, relative binding affinity values for the oestrogen receptor alpha (RBA <or= 0.55%) as well as mildly exothermic ligand binding in in silico ER docking experiments. All compounds show estrogenic (proliferative) activity on the MCF-7 cell line. On MDA-MB-231 cells, the cyano complex (Z)-7d shows a reasonable cytotoxic effect (IC(50) = 11 microM), its isomer (E)-7d is only slightly cytotoxic (IC(50) = 60 microM), while the Cl, Br, and CF(3) derivatives have no effect. Cytotoxic properties, while they correlate somewhat with the resonance donating abilities of the substituent, are more strongly dependent on the presence of a proton in the functional group, supporting our prior proposition that electrophilic quinoid forms of the compounds could be active species in the cell. A correlation of the redox potential of the ferrocenyl moiety with the Hammett-Taft constants of the substituents was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouardia Zekri
- Laboratoire Charles Friedel, UMR CNRS 7223, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, France
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Miyamoto A, Nakamura K, Kishikawa N, Ohba Y, Nakashima K, Kuroda N. Quasi-simultaneous determination of antioxidative activities against superoxide anion and nitric oxide by a combination of sequential injection analysis and flow injection analysis with chemiluminescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1809-14. [PMID: 17622521 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/31/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A method that combines sequential injection analysis (SIA), flow injection analysis and chemiluminescence (CL) detection was developed for the quasi-simultaneous determination of antioxidative activities against superoxide anion (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO). The antioxidative activity was expressed as the decrease in luminol CL intensity caused by the quenching of O2- or NO by an antioxidant. The SIA system consisted of two syringe pumps, two selection valves, two holding coils, an HPLC pump to deliver luminol solution, and a CL detector. Operation of the syringe pumps and multiport valves was controlled automatically using a personal computer with appropriate software. A hypoxanthine (HX)-xanthine oxidase (XOD) system was used for the generation of O2-, and (+/-)-(E)-4-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexenamide (NOR1) was employed as NO donor agent. The repeatability of the method was evaluated with 35.2 microg ml(-1) L-ascorbic acid, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) of the antioxidative activities were less than 3.8%. The quasi-simultaneous determination of the antioxidative activities in one sample was completed within 2.0 min. The antioxidative activities of some antioxidants and commercially available supplements containing certain antioxidants were successfully determined using this system. The proposed system is rapid and reproducible, and thus may be useful for the screening of functional foods, supplements and pharmaceutical formulations that exhibit antioxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, Japan
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Kohyama E, Yoshimura A, Aoshima D, Yoshida T, Kawamoto H, Nagasawa T. Convenient treatment of acetonitrile-containing wastes using the tandem combination of nitrile hydratase and amidase-producing microorganisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 72:600-6. [PMID: 16402166 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-0298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2005] [Revised: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 12/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to construct an acetonitrile-containing waste treatment process by using nitrile-degrading microorganisms. To degrade high concentrations of acetonitrile, the microorganisms were newly acquired from soil and water samples. Although no nitrilase-producing microorganisms were found to be capable of degrading high concentrations of acetonitrile, the resting cells of Rhodococcus pyridinivorans S85-2 containing nitrile hydratase could degrade acetonitrile at concentrations as high as 6 M. In addition, an amidase-producing bacterium, Brevundimonas diminuta AM10-C-1, of which the resting cells degraded 6 M acetamide, was isolated. The combination of R. pyridinivorans S85-2 and B. diminuta AM10-C-1 was tested for the conversion of acetonitrile into acetic acid. The resting cells of B. diminuta AM10-C-1 were added after the first conversion involving R. pyridinivorans S85-2. Through this tandem process, 6 M acetonitrile was converted to acetic acid at a conversion rate of >90% in 10 h. This concise procedure will be suitable for practical use in the treatment of acetonitrile-containing wastes on-site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina Kohyama
- Gifu Prefectural Institute for Bio-Industrial Technology, Kamihachiya, Minokamo, Gifu 505-0004, Japan.
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White B, Tarun MC, Gathergood N, Rusling JF, Smyth MR. Oxidised guanidinohydantoin (Ghox) and spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) are major products of iron- and copper-mediated 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 1:373-81. [PMID: 16881006 DOI: 10.1039/b511756a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua), an important biomarker of DNA damage in oxidatively generated stress, is highly reactive towards further oxidation. Much work has been carried out to investigate the oxidation products of 8-oxoGua by one-electron oxidants, singlet oxygen, and peroxynitrite. This report details for the first time, the iron- and copper-mediated Fenton oxidation of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo). Oxidised guanidinohydantoin (Gh(ox)) was detected as the major product of oxidation of 8-oxoGua with iron or copper and hydrogen peroxide, both at pH 7 and pH 11. Oxaluric acid was identified as a final product of 8-oxoGua oxidation. 8-oxodGuo was subjected to oxidation under the same conditions as 8-oxoGua. However, dGh(ox) was not generated. Instead, spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) was detected as the major product for both iron and copper mediated oxidation at pH 7. It was proposed that the oxidation of 8-oxoGua was initiated by its one-electron oxidation by the metal species, which leads to the reactive intermediate 8-oxoGua (+), which readily undergoes further oxidation. The product of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodGuo oxidation was determined by the 2'-deoxyribose moiety of the 8-oxodGuo, not whether copper or iron was the metal involved in the oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blánaid White
- National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR), School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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