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Liu X, Wang Z, Lv X, Tao Z, Lin L, Zhao S, Zhang K, Li Y. JDF promotes the apoptosis of M2 macrophages and reduces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migration of liver cancer cells by inhibiting CSF-1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34968. [PMID: 39170340 PMCID: PMC11336322 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The interaction between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment is of critical importance in liver cancer. Jiedu Granule formula (JDF) has been shown to minimize the risk of recurrence and metastasis following liver cancer resection. Investigating the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of JDF can extend its field of application and develop novel treatment approaches. Methods We established a rat liver orthotopic transplantation tumor model, and recorded the prognostic effects of JDF adjuvant therapy on the recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer. Liver and lung tissues were collected for immunofluorescence staining and H&E staining, respectively. In addition, THP-1 cells were incubated with PMA and IL-4 to induce them to differentiate into M2 macrophages. CSF-1 expression was knocked down using lentivirus to determine the function of CSF-1. Liver cancer cells were cultured with a conditioned medium (CM) or co-cultured with macrophages. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. The levels of CSF-1, CSF-1R, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, PI3K, AKT, and cleaved caspase-3 were detected using ELISA, Western blotting and qPCR. The ability of cells to migrate was assessed using cell scratch and transwell assays. Apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry. Results The JDF treatment decreased the risk of liver cancer metastasis after surgery and the infiltration of CD206/CD68 cells in liver cancer tissue. In cell experiments, JDF showed effects in suppressing M2 macrophages activity and downregulating the expression of CSF-1 and CSF-1R. The concentration of CSF-1 in the supernatant was also lower in the JDF-treated group. Futhermore, M2-CM was found to promote cancer cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); however, these effects were weakened after administering JDF. Knocking down endogenous CSF-1 in M2 macrophages resulted in a comparable suppression of cancer cell migration and EMT. Additionally, JDF treatment inhibited activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, thus promoting the apoptosis of M2 macrophages. Conclusions Treatment with JDF reduced the EMT and migratory capacity of liver cancer cells, which might be attributed to the inhibition of M2 macrophage infiltration and interruption of the CSF-1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This mechanism may hold significant implications for mitigating the risk of metastatic spread in the aftermath of hepatic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Zongyao Wang
- Sartorius Stedim (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiang Lv
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Zhihui Tao
- Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Liubing Lin
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Kehui Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Yong Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
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Saygun I, Slezovic MÖ, Özkan CK, Bengi VU, Elçi P, Serdar M, Kantarci A. Anti-proliferative impact of resveratrol on gingival fibroblasts from juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:448. [PMID: 39060456 PMCID: PMC11281951 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound with biological activities such as anti-inflammation and antioxidation. Its anti-fibrotic effect has been experimentally demonstrated in the pancreas and liver. This study aims to determine the anti-proliferative effect of resveratrol on fibroblasts obtained from hyperplastic gingival tissues from a patient diagnosed with Juvenile Hyaline Fibromatosis (JHF). MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary gingival fibroblast cell lines were obtained from gingival growth tissues by the gingivectomy of a patient with JHF. Gingival fibroblasts were treated with or without 3 different doses of resveratrol (50, 100, 200 µM). Cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were evaluated after 24, 48, and 72 h. Collagen, TGF, and CTGF were analyzed by ELISA in the 48-hour supernatants. RESULTS All three doses of resveratrol suppressed the proliferation of JHF gingival fibroblasts at 24 and 48 h without showing any cytotoxic effect compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). At 72 h, 100 and 200 µM resveratrol showed significantly less proliferation (p < 0.0001), less collagen, CTGF, and TGF- β (p < 0.001) than the control group. CONCLUSION Resveratrol had a profound anti-proliferative effect on gingival fibroblasts obtained from gingival enlargements with JHF, suggesting that it can be used as a therapeutic to prevent excessive cell growth by suppressing collagen, CTGF, and TGF- β synthesis in the pathogenesis of hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işıl Saygun
- Department of Periodontology, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Melis Özgül Slezovic
- Department of Periodontology, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Cansel Köse Özkan
- Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vahdi Umut Bengi
- Department of Periodontology, Gulhane Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Elçi
- Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, Stem Cell Lab, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhittin Serdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhu M, Liang H, Gong X. β-cyclodextrin modified GO ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced antifouling property for water purification. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119472. [PMID: 38908665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the influence of additives on the fabrication of mixed matrix membranes comprising polyethersulfone (PES), with a specific focus on hydrophilicity, flux, morphology, and antifouling properties. Carboxymethyl modified β-cyclodextrin (CMβ-CD) was used to enhance the dispersion and hydrophilicity of graphene oxide (GO), leading to the formation of a hydrophilic and stable composite nanoparticle (CMCD@GO). The hydrophilicity (WCA <51.5°) and water flux (32.6 L.m-2.h-1) of the modified PES membranes (MCDGO-x) were improved by the incorporation of CMCD@GO nanoparticles, while that of PES membrane was 79.7° and 10.6 L.m-2.h-1. The rate of backscattered light intensity (ΔBS) of MCDGO-x suspensions remains stable, suggesting stable dispersion of CMCD@GO in organic solvents. Compared to the bare PES membrane, the MCDGO-x membrane exhibits a thinner active layer and a finger-like structure. The MCDGO-x membrane exhibited excellent naphthenic acids (NAs) rejection (> 93.2%) due to reduced roughness and higher hydrophilicity, while the GO-modified PES membrane (MGO-5) exhibited lower NAs rejection (87.2%). Furthermore, the MCDGO-5 membrane showed higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 79.3% compared to MGO-5 membrane (68.5%) after three cycles, indicating the antifouling performance of MCDGO-x for NAs was significantly improved. The combination of CMβ-CD and GO enhance the flux and antifouling properties of PES ultrafiltration membranes, suggesting significant potential for applications in the purification of oil sands process water and the treatment of oily wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Persistent Pollutant Wastewater Treatment, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Hao Liang
- CCDC Drilling Fluid Technology Service Company Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China
| | - Xiaobo Gong
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Persistent Pollutant Wastewater Treatment, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
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Kmail A. Mitigating digestive disorders: Action mechanisms of Mediterranean herbal active compounds. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220857. [PMID: 38645751 PMCID: PMC11032100 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the effects of the Mediterranean diet, herbal remedies, and their phytochemicals on various gastrointestinal conditions and reviews the global use of medicinal plants for common digestive problems. The review highlights key plants and their mechanisms of action and summarizes the latest findings on how plant-based products influence the digestive system and how they work. We searched various sources of literature and databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and MedlinePlus. Our focus was on gathering relevant papers published between 2013 and August 2023. Certain plants exhibit potential in preventing or treating digestive diseases and cancers. Notable examples include Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, Aloe vera, Calendula officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Ginkgo biloba, Cynodon dactylon, and Vaccinium myrtillus. The phytochemical analysis of the plants showed that compounds such as quercetin, anthocyanins, curcumin, phenolics, isoflavones glycosides, flavonoids, and saponins constitute the main active substances within these plants. These natural remedies have the potential to enhance the digestive system and alleviate pain and discomfort in patients. However, further research is imperative to comprehensively evaluate the benefits and safety of herbal medicines to use their active ingredients for the development of natural and effective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalsalam Kmail
- Faculty of Sciences, Arab American University Jenin, P. O. Box 240, Jenin, Palestine
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Zhou T, Liu K, Wei H, Zhong Q, Luo D, Yang W, Zhang P, Xiao Y. Histopathology and molecular pathology confirmed a diagnosis of atypical Caroli's syndrome: a case report. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:36. [PMID: 38388441 PMCID: PMC10882844 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Caroli's syndrome is a congenital disease characterized by dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts and congenital hepatic fibrosis. It is a rare condition in clinical work. Typically, the diagnosis of this disease is confirmed through medical imaging. Here, we report a case of atypical Caroli's syndrome in a patient who presented with recurrent upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. The patient underwent imaging examinations, liver biopsy and whole exome sequencing. The results of the imaging examination were non-specific. However, with the aid of pathological examination, the patient was diagnosed with Caroli's syndrome. In conclusion, for cases where the imaging presentation of Caroli's syndrome is inconclusive, an accurate diagnosis should rely on pathology. By discussing this specific case, our aim is to enhance readers' understanding of this disease, provide valuable information that can aid in the early detection and appropriate management of Caroli's syndrome, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330001, Jiangxi, China
| | - Keyu Liu
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hao Wei
- The First Clinical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qingmei Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330001, Jiangxi, China
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Infectious Diseases Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330001, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330001, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yingqun Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330001, Jiangxi, China.
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6
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Xie R, Zhang Y. Associations between dietary flavonoid intake with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis quantified by VCTE: Evidence from NHANES and FNDDS. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1179-1189. [PMID: 36964061 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Flavonoids are natural products of plant origin and have been shown to be beneficial for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in animal studies. However, relevant epidemiological evidence is still lacking, and the relationship between flavonoid and subclass intake with quantified hepatic steatosis and fibrosis has not been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was based on the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) expanded flavonoid intake database and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018 and included a total of 4113 participants with vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) data. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess linear relationships between flavonoids and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Smoothed curve fit and a generalized additive model were used to investigate the non-linear relationship, and a two-tailed linear regression model was used to find potential inflection points. Of the 4113 participants, 1045 (25.41%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. After adjusting for energy and major non-dietary covariates, significant linear negative correlations were observed between total flavonoids and CAP [-1.53 (-2.59, -0.47)] and LSM [-0.17 (-0.27, -0.07)]. After adjusting for all covariates, flavones had the strongest and most significant negative association with hepatic steatosis [-1.98 (-3.79, -0.17)]. The results of smooth curve fitting and subgroup analysis demonstrated gender differences, and threshold effect analysis further identified a U-shaped relationship and inflection point between flavonoid intake and hepatic steatosis (infection point: 287.25 mg/d). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest negative associations between flavonoid and subclass intake with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Xie
- Department of Microsurgery, University of South China Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang, China; Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Gland Surgery, University of South China Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang, China.
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Pandey B, Baral R, Kaundinnyayana A, Panta S. Promising hepatoprotective agents from the natural sources: a study of scientific evidence. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-023-00248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Natural bioactive components derived from plant secondary metabolites have been pronounced as valuable alternatives for anticipating and subsiding hepatotoxic effects and its chronic complications based on experimental verification. The focus of this review is to elucidate the commonly used modern medicine for the treatment of liver disease and how major phytoconstituents have been tested for hepatoprotective activity, mechanism of action of some promising agents from natural sources, and clinical trial data for treating in patients with different liver diseases by the aid of natural phytoconstituents.
Main text
The review shows fifteen major isolated phytoconstituents, their biological sources, chemical structures, utilized plant parts, type of extracts used, hepatoprotective assay method, and their possible mechanism of action on the hepatoprotection. Nine promising hepatoprotective leads from natural sources with their chemistry and hepatoprotective mechanism are mentioned briefly. The review further includes the recent clinical trial studies of some hepatoprotective leads and their clinical outcome with different liver disease patients. Scientific studies revealed that antioxidant properties are the central mechanism for the phytoconstituents to subside different disease pathways by upsurging antioxidant defense system of cells, scavenging free radicals, down surging lipid peroxidation, improving anti-inflammatory potential, and further protecting the hepatic cell injury. In this review, we summarize recent development of natural product-based hepatoprotective leads and their curative potential for various sort of liver diseases. Furthermore, the usefulness of hit and lead molecules from natural sources for significant clinical benefit to discover new drug molecule and downsizing the problems of medication and chemical-induced hepatotoxic effects is extrapolated.
Conclusion
Further research are encouraged to elucidate the pharmacological principle of these natural-based chemical agents which will stimulate future pharmaceutical development of therapeutically beneficial hepatoprotective regimens.
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8
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Liao J, Lu Q, Li Z, Li J, Zhao Q, Li J. Acetaminophen-induced liver injury: Molecular mechanism and treatments from natural products. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122632. [PMID: 37050900 PMCID: PMC10083499 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic over-the-counter medicine worldwide. Hepatotoxicity caused by APAP overdose is one of the leading causes of acute liver failure (ALF) in the US and in some parts of Europe, limiting its clinical application. Excessive APAP metabolism depletes glutathione and increases N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimide (NAPQI) levels, leading to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cell necrosis in the liver, which in turn leads to liver damage. Studies have shown that natural products such as polyphenols, terpenes, anthraquinones, and sulforaphane can activate the hepatocyte antioxidant defense system with Nrf2 as the core player, reduce oxidative stress damage, and protect the liver. As the key enzyme metabolizing APAP into NAPQI, cytochrome P450 enzymes are also considered to be intriguing target for the treatment of APAP-induced liver injury. Here, we systematically review the hepatoprotective activity and molecular mechanisms of the natural products that are found to counteract the hepatotoxicity caused by APAP, providing reference information for future preclinical and clinical trials of such natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Liao
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuxia Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqi Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jintao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Zhao, ; Jian Li,
| | - Jian Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Zhao, ; Jian Li,
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Singh S, Sharma N, Shukla S, Behl T, Gupta S, Anwer MK, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Bungau SG, Brisc C. Understanding the Potential Role of Nanotechnology in Liver Fibrosis: A Paradigm in Therapeutics. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062811. [PMID: 36985782 PMCID: PMC10057127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a vital organ that plays a crucial role in the physiological operation of the human body. The liver controls the body's detoxification processes as well as the storage and breakdown of red blood cells, plasma protein and hormone production, and red blood cell destruction; therefore, it is vulnerable to their harmful effects, making it more prone to illness. The most frequent complications of chronic liver conditions include cirrhosis, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, hepatitis, and illnesses brought on by alcohol and drugs. Hepatic fibrosis involves the activation of hepatic stellate cells to cause persistent liver damage through the accumulation of cytosolic matrix proteins. The purpose of this review is to educate a concise discussion of the epidemiology of chronic liver disease, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of liver fibrosis, the symptoms of liver fibrosis progression and regression, the clinical evaluation of liver fibrosis and the research into nanotechnology-based synthetic and herbal treatments for the liver fibrosis is summarized in this article. The herbal remedies summarized in this review article include epigallocathechin-3-gallate, silymarin, oxymatrine, curcumin, tetrandrine, glycyrrhetinic acid, salvianolic acid, plumbagin, Scutellaria baicalnsis Georgi, astragalosides, hawthorn extract, and andrographolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Saurabh Shukla
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences &Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 150001, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima 15001, Peru
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Cristina Brisc
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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The anti-toxic effect of the date palm fruit extract loaded on chitosan nanoparticles against CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis in a mouse model. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123804. [PMID: 36842736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the most important organ in the body. Hepatocyte oxidative damage occurs to excess ROS. Liver fibrosis is a mechanism that the immune system uses to treat extreme inflammation by repairing damaged tissue with the creation of a scar. The outcome of fibrosis may be reversed by consuming natural plant extracts with high ROS-scavenging ability. The date palm fruits contain caffeic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, and ferulic acid, which have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. This study aimed to prepare a date fruit extract, load it onto chitosan nanoparticles, and compare its anti-fibrotic activity with the unloaded crude extract in the CCl4-mouse model. Our findings show that nanocomposite (Cs@FA/DEx) has anti-fibrotic properties and can improve liver function enzymes and endogenous antioxidant enzymes by inhibiting cell apoptosis caused by CCl4-induction in mice. Furthermore, significantly reduced CD95 and ICAM1 levels and down-regulation of TGFβ-1 and collagen-α-1 expression demonstrated the anti-fibrotic effects of the Cs@FA/DEx. Therefore, the Cs@FA/DEx might be an innovative supplement for inhibiting liver fibrosis and hepatocyte inflammation induced by chemical toxins. Besides, this nano-supplement could be a promising anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agent as it has potent in vitro anticancer activity against the HePG2 cell line.
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Luo Q, Miao Y, Liu C, Bei E, Zhang JF, Zhang LH, Deng YL, Qiu Y, Lu WQ, Wright JM, Chen C, Zeng Q. Maternal exposure to nitrosamines in drinking water during pregnancy and birth outcomes in a Chinese cohort. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137776. [PMID: 36623593 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs) during pregnancy has been linked with adverse birth outcomes. However, no human studies have focused on drinking water nitrosamines, a group of emerging unregulated nitrogenous DBPs that exhibits genotoxicity and developmental toxicity in experimental studies. This cohort study included 2457 mother-infant pairs from a single drinking water supply system in central China, and maternal trimester-specific and entire pregnancy exposure of drinking water nitrosamines were evaluated. Multivariable linear and Poisson regression models were used to estimate the associations between maternal exposure to nitrosamines in drinking water and birth outcomes [birth weight (BW), low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA) and preterm delivery (PTD)]. Elevated maternal N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) exposure in the second trimester and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) exposure during the entire pregnancy were associated with decreased BW (e.g., β = -88.6 g; 95% CI: -151.0, -26.1 for the highest vs. lowest tertile of NDMA; p for trend = 0.01) and increased risks of PTD [e.g., risk ratio (RR) = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.79 for the highest vs. lowest tertile of NDMA; p for trend = 0.002]. Elevated maternal exposure of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) in the second trimester was associated with increased risk of SGA (RR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.98 for the highest vs. lowest tertile; p for trend = 0.01). Our study detected associations of maternal exposure to drinking water nitrosamines during pregnancy with decreased BW and increased risks of SGA and PTD. These findings are novel but require replication in other study populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Er Bei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Zhang
- Maternal and Child Health Care Service Centre of Xiaonan District, Xiaogan City, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ling-Hua Zhang
- Maternal and Child Health Care Service Centre of Xiaonan District, Xiaogan City, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wen-Qing Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - J Michael Wright
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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12
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Abstract
Liver fibrosis has a high incidence worldwide and is the common pathological basis of many chronic liver diseases. Liver fibrosis is caused by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and concomitant collagen accumulation in livers and can lead to the development of liver cirrhosis and even liver cancer. A large number of studies have provided evidence that liver fibrosis can be blocked or even reversed by appropriate medical interventions. However, the antifibrosis drugs with ideal clinical efficacy are still insufficient. The edible plant-derived natural compounds have been reported to exert effective antifibrotic effects with few side-effects, representing a kind of promising source for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this article, we reviewed the current progress of the natural compounds derived from dietary plants in the treatment of liver fibrosis, including phenolic compounds (capsaicin, chlorogenic acid, curcumin, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, sinapic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid and vitamin E), flavonoid compounds (genistein, hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, naringin and quercetin), sulfur-containing compounds (S-allylcysteine, ergothioneine, lipoic acid and sulforaphane) and other compounds (betaine, caffeine, cucurbitacin B, lycopene, α-mangostin, γ-mangostin, ursolic acid, vitamin C and yangonin). The pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of these compounds in in-vivo and in-vitro models of liver fibrosis are focused.
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13
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Molecular interplay promotes amelioration by quercetin during experimental hepatic inflammation in rodents. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2936-2947. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Li Z, Dong J, Wang M, Yan J, Hu Y, Liu Y, Pan Y, Li H. Resveratrol ameliorates liver fibrosis induced by nonpathogenic Staphylococcus in BALB/c mice through inhibiting its growth. Mol Med 2022; 28:52. [PMID: 35508992 PMCID: PMC9066969 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The altered gut microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Resveratrol is a candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis, which could ameliorate the dysregulation of gut microbiota in mice. This study aimed to clarify the role and mechanism of resveratrol in gut microbiota during liver fibrosis.
Methods A mouse model of liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 was conducted to assess the effect of resveratrol on liver fibrosis. The changes of gut microbiota in liver fibrotic mice after resveratrol intervention were assessed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The mechanism of the gut microbiota dysregulation in liver fibrosis was investigated by Sirius red staining, immunohistochemical assay, bacterial translocation (BT), EUB338 fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, trans-epithelial electrical resistance analysis and paracellular permeability analysis. Results Resveratrol relieved CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Besides, resveratrol restrained the gut microbiota Staphylococcus_lentus and Staphylococcus_xylosus in the liver fibrotic mice, and the Staphylococcus_xylosus and Staphylococcus_lentus facilitated the occurrence of BT and the cultures of them enhanced the permeability of intestine. The in vivo assay corroborated that the excessive Staphylococcus_xylosus and Staphylococcus_lentus canceled the protecting effect of resveratrol on liver fibrosis, and Staphylococcus_xylosus or Staphylococcus_lentus alone had a limited impact on the liver injury of normal mice. Conclusion Resveratrol ameliorated liver fibrosis by restraining the growth of Staphylococcus_xylosus and Staphylococcus_lentus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00463-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Jianxia Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Jingya Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Yushu Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yajie Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
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15
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Dong L, Jiang Z, Yang L, Hu F, Zheng W, Xue P, Jiang S, Andersen ME, He G, Crabbe MJC, Qu W. The genotoxic potential of mixed nitrosamines in drinking water involves oxidative stress and Nrf2 activation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128010. [PMID: 34929594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrosamine by-products in drinking water are designated as probable human carcinogens by the IARC, but the health effects of simultaneous exposure to multiple nitrosamines in drinking water remain unknown. Genotoxicity assays were used to assess the effects of both individual and mixed nitrosamines in finished drinking water produced by a large water treatment plant in Shanghai, China. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were measured at 1, 10-, 100- and 1000-fold actual concentrations by the Ames test, Comet assay, γ-H2AX assay, and the cytokinesis-block micronuclei assay; oxidative stress and the Nrf2 pathway were also assessed. Nitrosamines detected in drinking water included NDMA (36.45 ng/L), NDPA (44.68 ng/L), and NEMA (37.27 ng/L). Treatment with a mixture of the three nitrosamines at 1000-fold actual drinking-water concentration induced a doubling of revertants in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, DNA and chromosome damage in HepG2 cells, while 1-1000-fold concentrations of compounds applied singly lacked these effects. Treatment with 100- and 1000-fold concentrations increased ROS, GSH, and MDA and decreased SOD activity. Thus, nitrosamine mixtures showed greater genotoxic potential than that of the individual compounds. N-Acetylcysteine protected against the nitrosamine-induced chromosome damage, and Nrf2 pathway activation suggested that oxidative stress played pivotal roles in the genotoxic property of the nitrosamine mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fen Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Songhui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | - Gengsheng He
- Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - M James C Crabbe
- Wolfson College, Oxford University, Oxford OX2 6UD, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK
| | - Weidong Qu
- Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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16
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Das R, Mitra S, Tareq AM, Emran TB, Hossain MJ, Alqahtani AM, Alghazwani Y, Dhama K, Simal-Gandara J. Medicinal plants used against hepatic disorders in Bangladesh: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114588. [PMID: 34480997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver disease is a major cause of illness and death worldwide which accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide, 1 million due to complications of cirrhosis and 1 million due to viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. That's why it is seeking the researchers' attention to find out the effective treatment strategies. Phytochemicals from natural resources are the main leads for the development of noble hepatoprotective drugs. The majority of the natural sources whose active compounds are currently employed actually have an ethnomedical use. Ethnopharmacological research is essential for the development of these bioactive compounds. These studies not only provide scientific evidence on medicinal plants utilized for particular therapeutic purposes, but they also ensure cultural heritage preservation. Plenty of experimental studies have been well-documented that the ethnomedicinal plants are of therapeutics' interest for the advanced pharmacological intervention in terms of hepatic disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY This study summarizes the processes of hepatotoxicity induced by various toxins and explores identified hepatoprotective plants and their phytoconstituents, which can guide the extraction of novel phytochemical constituents from plants to treat liver injury. This review aimed to summarize the hepatoprotective activity of Bangladeshi medicinal plants where the bioactive compounds may be leads for the drug discovery in future. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature searches in electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Science Direct, SpringerLink, PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Scopus, BanglaJOL, and so on, were performed using the keywords 'Bangladesh', 'ethnomedicinal plants', 'Hepatoprotective agents' as for primary searches, and secondary search terms were used as follows, either alone or in combination: traditional medicine, medicinal plants, folk medicine, liver, hepatitis, therapeutic uses, and anti-inflammatory. Besides, several books, including the book entitled "Medicinal plants of Bangladesh: chemical constituents and uses" authored by Abdul Ghani, were carefully considered, which contained pharmacological properties and phytoconstituents of many medicinal plants growing and traditionally available in Bangladesh. Among them, the most promising plant species with their latest therapeutic effects against hepatic disorders were deeply considered in this review. RESULTS The results of this study revealed that in most cases, therapy using plant extracts stabilized altered hepatic biochemical markers induced by hepatotoxins. Initially, we investigated 32 plant species for hepatoprotective activity, however after extensive literature searching; we observed that 20 plants offer good pharmacological evidence of hepatoprotective function. Consequently, most bioactive compounds derived from the herbs including berberine, thymoquinone, andrographolide, ursolic acid, luteolin, naringenin, genistein, quercetin, troxerutin, morin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, chlorogenic acid, emodin, curcumin, resveratrol, capsaicin, ellagic acid, etc. are appeared to be effective against hepatic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Flavonoids, phenolic acids, monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, chromenes, capsaicinoids, curcuminoids, and anthraquinones are among the phytoconstituents were appraised to have hepatoprotective activities. All the actions displayed by these ethnomedicinal plants could make them serve as leads in the formulation of drugs with higher efficacy to treat hepatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Ali M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahia Alghazwani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareil-ly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004, Ourense, Spain.
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17
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Chupradit S, Bokov D, Zamanian MY, Heidari M, Hakimizadeh E. Hepatoprotective and therapeutic effects of resveratrol: A focus on anti-inflammatory and anti- oxidative activities. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 36:468-485. [PMID: 34935193 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Being the most essential organ in the body, the liver performs critical functions. Hepatic disorders, such as alcoholic liver disease, hepatic steatosis, liver fibrosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic failure, have an impact on the biochemical and physiological functions of the body. The main representative of the flavonoid subgroup of flavones, Resveratrol (RES), exhibits suitable pharmacological activities for treating various liver diseases, such as fatty hepatitis, liver steatosis, liver cancer and liver fibrosis. According to various studies, grapes and red wine are good sources of RES. RES has various health properties; it is anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and hepatoprotective against several hepatic diseases and hepatoxicity. Therefore, we performed a thorough research and created a summary of the distinct targets of RES in various stages of liver diseases. We concluded that RES inhibited liver inflammation essentially by causing a significant decrease in the expression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6. It also inhibits the transcription factor nuclear NF-κB that brings about the inflammatory cascade. RES also inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to induce apoptosis. Additionally, it reduces oxidative stress in hepatic tissue by markedly reducing MDA and NO contents, and significantly increasing the levels of CAT, SOD and reduced GSH, in addition to AST and ALT, against toxic chemicals like CC14, As2O3 and TTA. Due to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties, RES reduces liver injury markers. RES is safe natural antioxidant that provides pharmacological rectification of the hepatoxicity of toxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Dmitry Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Yassin Zamanian
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,School of Nahavand Paramedical, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Hakimizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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18
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Wu TH, Wang PW, Lin TY, Yang PM, Li WT, Yeh CT, Pan TL. Antioxidant properties of red raspberry extract alleviate hepatic fibrosis via inducing apoptosis and transdifferentiation of activated hepatic stellate cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112284. [PMID: 34626932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a wound-healing process caused by prolonged liver damage and often occurs due to hepatic stellate cell activation in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Red raspberry has been found to attenuate oxidative stress, mainly because it is rich in bioactive components. In the current study, we investigated the inhibitory effects and associated molecular mechanisms of red raspberry extract (RBE) upon activated hepatic stellate cell (aHSC) in cellular and rat models. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were increased in the dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-applied samples, whereas treatment of RBE significantly suppressed the activities of these enzymes. In addition, a histopathological analysis demonstrated that RBE could substantially diminish the hepatic collagen content and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression induced by DMN. Administration of 250 μg/mL RBE could also arrest the growth and enhance the apoptosis of activated HSC-T6 cells, which was accompanied with elevated levels of activated caspases and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Particularly, RBE application remarkably abolished oxidative damage within the cells and reduced the carbonylation of proteins, which was attributed to the upregulation of catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Moreover, the knockdown of Nrf2 together with the RBE treatment synergistically abrogated the expression of α-SMA and promoted the level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), suggesting that RBE could mitigate the transdifferentiation of HSC in a Nrf2-independent manner. These findings implied that the application of RBE could effectively remove oxidative stress and relieve the activation of HSC via modulating the caspase/PARP, Nrf2/HO-1 and PPAR-γ pathways, which may allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies against chemical-caused liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Ho Wu
- Surgical Critical Care division of Critical care department, Cardiovascular division of Surgical department, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Li
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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19
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Yu D, Tang Z, Li B, Yu J, Li W, Liu Z, Tian C. Resveratrol against Cardiac Fibrosis: Research Progress in Experimental Animal Models. Molecules 2021; 26:6860. [PMID: 34833952 PMCID: PMC8621031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a heterogeneous disease, which is characterized by abundant proliferation of interstitial collagen, disordered arrangement, collagen network reconstruction, increased cardiac stiffness, and decreased systolic and diastolic functions, consequently developing into cardiac insufficiency. With several factors participating in and regulating the occurrence and development of cardiac fibrosis, a complex molecular mechanism underlies the disease. Moreover, cardiac fibrosis is closely related to hypertension, myocardial infarction, viral myocarditis, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, which can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death, thus seriously threatening human life and health. Resveratrol, with the chemical name 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene, is a polyphenol abundantly present in grapes and red wine. It is known to prevent the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, it may resist cardiac fibrosis through a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and several cell signaling pathways, thus exerting a protective effect on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China;
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Zhixian Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Z.T.); (J.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Ben Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Junjian Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Z.T.); (J.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Wentong Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Z.T.); (J.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Ziyou Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Z.T.); (J.Y.); (W.L.)
| | - Chengnan Tian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (Z.T.); (J.Y.); (W.L.)
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20
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ÖZGÖÇMEN M, YEŞİLOT Ş. The role of resveratrol in hepatatoxicity caused by methotrexate. MEHMET AKIF ERSOY ÜNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.24880/maeuvfd.922106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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21
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Alperth F, Melinz L, Fladerer JP, Bucar F. UHPLC Analysis of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. Rhizome Preparations Regarding Stilbene and Anthranoid Composition and Their Antimycobacterial Activity Evaluation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10091809. [PMID: 34579341 PMCID: PMC8470514 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Reynoutria japonica Houtt. is a critical invasive alien plant in Europe and North America with a drastic impact on native flora. However, R. japonica has medicinal potential, especially as a source of stilbenes. In order to explore the potential of simple extractions of R. japonica, we conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses of fresh R. japonica rhizome infusion, decoction, and macerates with ethanol by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn and UHPLC-DAD, with a focus on major constituent groups of stilbenes and anthranoids. Since R. japonica rhizome extracts showed antimicrobial potential in the past, we also evaluated the antimycobacterial effect of raw R. japonica extracts for the first time against Mycobacterium smegmatis. Of thirty-four characterized substances, six were stilbenes and twelve anthranoids. The main constituents, four trans-stilbenes and eight anthranoids, were quantified in a validated UHPLC-DAD method. The 38% ethanol macerate showed high stilbene (155.078 mg/100 g fluid extract) and low anthranoid content (5.420 mg/100 g fluid extract), while decoction showed the highest anthranoids. Antimycobacterial testing gave good results for all macerates (MIC 256 µg/mL) and trans-resveratrol (64 µg/mL). Extraction and enrichment of stilbenes from fresh plant material by simple extraction methods with food-grade solvents might encourage consideration of wild harvest of rhizomes over classic means of eradication of R. japonica.
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22
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Husain H, Waseem M, Ahmad R. Proteomic and molecular evidences of Il1rl2, Ric8a, Krt18 and Hsp90b1 modulation during experimental hepatic fibrosis and pomegranate supplementation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:696-707. [PMID: 34174316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The inspection of variations in the proteomic aspects conspire the biomarker discovery in diagnostics of peculiar diseases. Recent developments in high-throughput proteomic techniques have provided leverage in the discovery of biomarkers during the etiology of various diseases. We identified potential biomarkers by utilizing proteomics, bioinformatics and gene expression studies. Meticulous assessment of collagen and hydroxyproline levels along with the glycogen and protein carbonyl levels exhibited deterioration in the N' - Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) administered rat livers and subsequent salubrious effect of pomegranate juice. The immunohistochemical inspection of iNOS and nitrite estimation indicated the peccant fibrotic alterations. 2D proteome profiling and MALDI-TOF MS/MS furthered the significant biomarkers to be analyzed for the gene ontology by PANTHER, cluster analysis by DAVID and network simulation by STRING 10.0. Several genes found relevant after MALDI analysis were evaluated by real-time PCR (RTPCR). Our data revealed CYP2b15, HSP70, TRFE, HPT, Il1rl2, Ric8a, Krt18, Hsp90b1 and iNOS as novel biomarkers for the mechanism of pomegranate against liver fibrosis. It can be inferred that NDEA-induced liver fibrosis actuates various biological pathways by the identified biomarkers and pomegranate juice modifies them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiya Husain
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P, India
| | - Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Biochemistry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P, India.
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Park YJ, Jeon MS, Lee S, Kim JK, Jang TS, Chung KH, Kim KH. Anti-fibrotic effects of brevilin A in hepatic fibrosis via inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 41:127989. [PMID: 33794317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) after repetitive liver damage is a key event in hepatic fibrogenesis. As part of ongoing research projects to identify pharmacologically effective natural products, the phytochemical investigation of a MeOH extract of Centipeda minima led to the isolation of a sesquiterpene lactone, brevilin A, which was explored to elucidate potential anti-fibrotic effects by reversing HSC activation. First, we observed that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 treatment significantly increased the expression levels of HSC activation marker, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and ECM protein such as collagen and fibronectin. Then, we demonstrated that brevilin A reversed the TGF-β1-induced increase in protein and mRNA expression levels of α-SMA and collagen. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of brevilin A, we evaluated the effects of brevilin A on the STAT3 signaling pathway. STAT3 phosphorylation, increased by TGF-β1 treatment, was strongly inhibited by brevilin A; the expression levels of fibronectin and connective tissue growth factor were also significantly decreased by brevilin A. The present study indicated that brevilin A has a preventive and therapeutic potential against hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Joo Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Seon Jeon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulah Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, KIOST, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Kyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyuck Chung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea.
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de Moraes ACN, de Andrade CBV, Ramos IPR, Dias ML, Batista CMP, Pimentel CF, de Carvalho JJ, Goldenberg RCDS. Resveratrol promotes liver regeneration in drug-induced liver disease in mice. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110185. [PMID: 33773662 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that the bioactive polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RESV, trans-isomer), found naturally in certain foods such as red grapes and peanuts, may be able to ameliorate liver damage. However, the effects and efficacy of long-term treatment with RESV remain unclear. Here, we used an acetaminophen (APAP; 400 mg/kg/d for 15 days) overdose model to induce liver damage in C56BL/6 mice. Three days after the intoxication was stopped, we observed biochemical, histological and ultrastructural alterations in the livers of these mice. The APAP-treated animals were then given RESV (10 mg/kg/d) for 60 days. Blood and tissue were analyzed at days 7, 30 and 60. Our data show that long-term RESV treatment (60 days) ameliorates the liver injury caused by APAP intoxication, restoring histological features, ultrastructural organization and serum biochemical parameters (albumin, alanine aminotransferase). Ck18- and F4/80-positive cells (indicators of hepatocyte recovery) were reestablished and the number of α-SMA positive cells was normalized after long-term RESV treatment. Additionally, downregulation of the drug transporter BCRP was observed. Electron microscopy revealed that treatment with RESV was effective in restoring the shape and size of hepatic microvilli and normalizing both the number and viability of mitochondria. Taken together, these results indicate that long-term treatment with RESV is effective in alleviating liver injury caused by APAP administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Cesar Nunes de Moraes
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biology Department, Federal Fluminense University, UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cherley Borba Vieira de Andrade
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Histology and Embryology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isalira Peroba Rezende Ramos
- Center for Structural Biology and Bio-imaging, CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marlon Lemos Dias
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia Marina Paz Batista
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cibele Ferreira Pimentel
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jorge Jose de Carvalho
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Regina Coeli Dos Santos Goldenberg
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, INCT-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Supercritical carbon dioxide extracts of small cardamom and yellow mustard seeds have fasting hypoglycaemic effects: diabetic rat, predictive iHOMA2 models and molecular docking study. Br J Nutr 2021; 125:377-388. [PMID: 32713360 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452000286x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extracts of small cardamom (SC) and yellow mustard (YM) seeds have been investigated for their efficacies in combating type 2 diabetes in streptozotocin-induced Wistar albino rats. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in the rats were monitored on days 8, 15 and 21. On day 15, FBG level reduced appreciably by 31·49 % in rats treated with SC seed extract and by 32·28 % in rats treated with YM seed extract, comparable to metformin (30·70 %) and BGR-34 (a commercial polyherbal drug) (31·81 %) administered rats. Either extract exhibited desirable effects on hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and catalase activities in controlling diabetes. A molecular docking exercise was conducted to identify specific compounds in the extracts which possessed augmenting effect on G6PD. The results revealed that all the bioactive compounds in the extracts have binding affinities with the enzyme and contributed to the antidiabetic efficacies of the extracts as G6PD augmenters. The effects of the extracts on insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake were investigated using non-invasive modelling by iHOMA2 software. This in vitro approach indicated that extract administration resulted in increased both insulin sensitivity of the liver and glucose uptake in the gut. The findings of the present study attest these SC-CO2 extracts of the spices as safe alternatives of metformin and BGR-34 in combating type 2 diabetes and could be safely subjected to clinical studies. These extracts could also be employed in designing proactive food supplements in mitigating the metabolic disorder.
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Bai Y, Wang W, Wang L, Ma L, Zhai D, Wang F, Shi R, Liu C, Xu Q, Chen G, Lu Z. Obacunone Attenuates Liver Fibrosis with Enhancing Anti-Oxidant Effects of GPx-4 and Inhibition of EMT. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020318. [PMID: 33435504 PMCID: PMC7827035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obacunone, a limonin triterpenoid extracted from Phellodendronchinense Schneid or Dictamnus dasycarpusb Turcz plant, elicits a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic, anti-oxidation, and anti-lung-fibrosis ones. However, the anti-fibrotic effect of obacunone and the detailed underlying mechanism in liver fibrosis remain unclear. Liver fibrosis is a debilitating disease threatening human health. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/P-Smad is a major pathway of fibrosis featured with epithelia mesenchymal transformations (EMT) and collagen depositions, accompanying with excessive oxygen-free radicals. Nrf-2 acts as a key anti-oxidative regulator driving the expressions of various antioxidant-related genes. Glutathionperoxidase-4 (GPx-4) is a member of the glutathione peroxidase family that directly inhibits phospholipid oxidation to alleviate oxidative stress. In the present study, we aimed to explore the role of obacunone in mouse liver fibrosis model induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and in hepatic stellate cells (LX2 cell line) challenging with TGF-β. Obacunone demonstrated potent ameliorative effects on liver fibrosis both in activated LX2 and in mice liver tissues with reduced levels of α-SMA, collagen1, and vimentin. Obacunone also remarkably suppressed the TGF-β/P-Smad signals and EMT process. Meanwhile, obacunone exerted a potent anti-oxidation effect by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both models. The antioxidant effect of obacunone was attributed to the activation of GPx-4 and Nrf-2. In addition, the therapeutic effect of obacunone on LX2 cells was significantly removed in vitro plus with GPx-4 antagonist RSL3, in parallel with the re-elevated levels of ROS. Thus, we demonstrate that obacunone is able to attenuate liver fibrosis via enhancing GPx-4 signal and inhibition of the TGF-β/P-Smad pathway and EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Bai
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (Y.B.); (L.M.); (F.W.); (R.S.); (C.L.); (Q.X.)
| | - Wenwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biopharmaceutics, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710083, China; (W.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biopharmaceutics, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710083, China; (W.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Lirong Ma
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (Y.B.); (L.M.); (F.W.); (R.S.); (C.L.); (Q.X.)
| | - Dongsheng Zhai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710083, China;
| | - Furong Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (Y.B.); (L.M.); (F.W.); (R.S.); (C.L.); (Q.X.)
| | - Rui Shi
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (Y.B.); (L.M.); (F.W.); (R.S.); (C.L.); (Q.X.)
| | - Chaoyang Liu
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (Y.B.); (L.M.); (F.W.); (R.S.); (C.L.); (Q.X.)
| | - Qing Xu
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (Y.B.); (L.M.); (F.W.); (R.S.); (C.L.); (Q.X.)
| | - Guo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biopharmaceutics, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710083, China; (W.W.); (L.W.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-186-2904-7181 (G.C.); +86-152-0296-3679 (Z.L.)
| | - Zifan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biopharmaceutics, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710083, China; (W.W.); (L.W.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-186-2904-7181 (G.C.); +86-152-0296-3679 (Z.L.)
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Development of novel polyether sulfone mixed matrix membranes to enhance antifouling and sustainability: Treatment of oil sands produced water (OSPW). J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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A Comprehensive Review of Natural Products against Liver Fibrosis: Flavonoids, Quinones, Lignans, Phenols, and Acids. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7171498. [PMID: 33082829 PMCID: PMC7556091 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7171498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis resulting from continuous long-term hepatic damage represents a heavy burden worldwide. Liver fibrosis is recognized as a complicated pathogenic mechanism with extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. A series of drugs demonstrate significant antifibrotic activity in vitro and in vivo. No specific agents with ideally clinical efficacy for liver fibrosis treatment have been developed. In this review, we summarized the antifibrotic effects and molecular mechanisms of 29 kinds of common natural products. The mechanism of these compounds is correlated with anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic activities. Moreover, parenchymal hepatic cell survival, HSC deactivation, and ECM degradation by interfering with multiple targets and signaling pathways are also involved in the antifibrotic effects of these compounds. However, there remain two bottlenecks for clinical breakthroughs. The low bioavailability of natural products should be improved, and the combined application of two or more compounds should be investigated for more prominent pharmacological effects. In summary, exploration on natural products against liver fibrosis is becoming increasingly extensive. Therefore, natural products are potential resources for the development of agents to treat liver fibrosis.
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Latief U, Ahmad R. β-carotene inhibits NF-κB and restrains diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic inflammation in Wistar rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 92:301-310. [PMID: 32686990 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
β-Carotene exhibits antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities via a multitude of biochemical mechanisms. However, the action mechanism involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of this carotene in chronic liver diseases is not fully understood. In the present investigation, we have attempted to outline a plausible mechanism of β-carotene action against liver fibrosis in albino Wistar rats. To induce hepatic fibrosis, diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was administered in experimental rats for two weeks. DEN treated rats were divided into four groups, wherein each group comprised of five rats. β-Carotene supplement attenuated DEN-induced elevation in LFT markers (P < 0.05); averted depletion of glycogen (24%, P < 0.05) and, increased nitrite (P < 0.05), hydroxyproline (~67%, P < 0.05) and collagen levels (~65%, P < 0.05). Confocal microscopy of tissue sections stained with picrosirius red revealed accrued collagen in DEN-administered group, which was found to be reduced by β-carotene supplementation. Furthermore, β-carotene decreased the expression of iNOS/NOS-2 and NF-κB, as revealed by immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting. Collectively, these results demonstrate that β-carotene mitigates experimental liver fibrosis via inhibition of iNOS and NF-κB in-vivo. Thus, β-carotene may be suggested as a possible nutraceutical to curb experimental liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Latief
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Chan YT, Wang N, Tan HY, Li S, Feng Y. Targeting Hepatic Stellate Cells for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis by Natural Products: Is It the Dawning of a New Era? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:548. [PMID: 32425789 PMCID: PMC7212390 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a progressive liver damage condition that is worth studying widely. It is important to target and alleviate the disease at an early stage before turning into later cirrhosis or liver cancer. There are currently no direct medicines targeting the attenuation or reversal of liver fibrosis, and so there is an urgent need to look into this area. Traditional Chinese Medicine has a long history in using herbal medicines to treat liver diseases including fibrosis. It is time to integrate the ancient wisdom with modern science and technology to look for the best solution to the disease. In this review, the principal concept of the pathology of liver fibrosis will be described, and then some of the single compounds isolated from herbal medicines, including salvianolic acids, oxymatrine, curcumin, tetrandrine, etc. will be discussed from their effects to the molecular mechanism behind. Molecular targets of the compounds are analyzed by network pharmacology approach, and TGFβ/SMAD was identified as the most common pathway. This review serves to summarize the current findings of herbal medicines combining with modern medicines in the area of fibrosis. It hopefully provides insights in further pharmaceutical research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yau-Tuen Chan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Health Benefits and Molecular Mechanisms of Resveratrol: A Narrative Review. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030340. [PMID: 32183376 PMCID: PMC7143620 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a bioactive compound in many foods. Since its anticancer activity was reported in 1997, its health benefits have been intensively investigated. Resveratrol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, glucose and lipid regulatory, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular protective effects, therefore, can protect against diverse chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, liver diseases, obesity, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. This review summarizes the main findings of resveratrol-related health benefits in recent epidemiological surveys, experimental studies, and clinical trials, highlighting its related molecular mechanisms. Resveratrol, therefore, has been regarded as a potent candidate for the development of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals to prevent and treat certain chronic diseases.
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Baltaci AK, Duran MO, Mogulkoc R, Oltulu P, Avunduk MC. Resveratrol does not affect leptin while it has regulatory effects on liver glycogen levels in exercised and non-exercised rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 89:303-308. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Resveratrol (RES) is a well-known phytocompound and food component which has antioxidative and multifunctional bioactivities. The present study aims to examine how resveratrol administration affects plasma leptin and liver glycogen levels in rats subjected to an acute swimming exercise bout. The study was carried out on Wistar-Albino type adult male rats, each group include 7 rats. Group 1, Control Group. Group 2, Control Swimming Group: The group fed on a standard diet and subjected to an acute swimming exercise bout for 30 minutes at the end of the study. Group 3, Resveratrol Group: The group fed on a standard diet and given (10 mg/kg) resveratrol in drinking water for four weeks. Group 4, Resveratrol + Swimming Group: The group fed on a standard diet, given (10 mg/kg) resveratrol in drinking water for four weeks and subjected to a 30-minute acute swimming exercise at the end of the study. Plasma leptin levels using ELISA method (ng/l) and liver glycogen levels were determined by using histochemical method (number/0.1 mm2). Four weeks resveratrol administration to exercised and not-exercised rats did not cause a change in plasma leptin levels. Liver glycogen levels were 17.00 ± 3.16; 14.12 ± 2.98; 20.82 ± 1.97; 16.38 ± 1.27 (mean ± sd); respectively in groups 1, 2, 3, 4. Resveratrol administration to rats subjected to a bout of acute swimming exercise produced an effect that prevented the decrease in liver glycogen (p < 0.05). The study highlights that resveratrol supplementation may have regulatory effects on liver glycogen levels in exercised and non-exercised rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rasim Mogulkoc
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Pembe Oltulu
- Faculty of Meram Medicine, Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cihat Avunduk
- Faculty of Meram Medicine, Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Latief U, Umar MF, Ahmad R. Nrf2 protein as a therapeutic target during diethylnitrosamine-induced liver injury ameliorated by β-carotene-reduced graphene oxide (βC-rGO) nanocomposite. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:346-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Mukherjee D, Ahmad R. COX-2/iNOS regulation during experimental hepatic injury and its mitigation by cloudy apple juice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:1006-1017. [PMID: 31445146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A number of enzymes and transcription factors have been correlated with disease etiology. In this study, involvement of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible-nitric oxide synthase is examined during diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatic injury and cloudy apple juice (CAJ) supplementation. Liver injury was administered in rats by single dose of DEN (10 ml/kg bwt of 1% DEN), while 10 ml/kg bwt CAJ daily was given after 2 h of latency in DEN-treated animals for two weeks. CAJ was characterized by HPLC and subsequently examined for antioxidant power. During the course of treatment liver function, collagen (hydroxyproline), malondialdehyde, protein oxidation, antioxidant enzymes, ATPases, nitrite levels were investigated along with liver histopathology and electron microscopy. COX-2 and iNOS proteins were also localized in liver specimens. The results demonstrated rich polyphenols and antioxidant activity in CAJ. CAJ supplementation significantly restored liver biochemistry and anatomy as revealed by the refurbished investigated parameters. CAJ treatment also declined COX-2 and iNOS activities in injured animals. Electron microscopy demonstrated rejuvenated hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, RER, mitochondria and nucleus in CAJ supplemented animals. The novel outcomes of this study suggest that CAJ potentiates hepatoprotection by stimulating antioxidant power and regulating the COX-2 and iNOS proteins in the liver during experimental liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devoshree Mukherjee
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Hu X, Liu Y, Li D, Feng W, Ni H, Cao S, Lu F, Li Y. An innovative biotransformation to produce resveratrol by Bacillus safensis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:15448-15456. [PMID: 35514846 PMCID: PMC9064255 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01338e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is considered as a potential food supplement, cosmetic ingredient and nutraceutical. In this study, resveratrol was produced by biotransformation successfully. In detail, a β-glucosidase producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus safensis, and it could convert polydatin to resveratrol efficiently and rapidly. Further research showed that the conversion rate to resveratrol reached 93.1% in 8 h at 37 °C. The production of resveratrol was confirmed by HPLC, LC-MS and 1H-NMR to identify its structure and it was verified to possess antibacterial properties especially against Escherchia coli. To illustrate the resveratrol transformation mechanism, several glucosidases from B. safensis CGMCC 13129 were expressed and analyzed. The results showed that BGL4 and BGL5 had higher transformation activity compared with other tested glucosidases. This research provides a novel approach to produce resveratrol, and would promote the application of resveratrol in health-promoting pharmaceutical and food products. The transformation ability of Bacillus safensis and the antimicrobial activity of resveratrol.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China .,College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yexue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China .,College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Dengke Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China .,College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Wei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China .,College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Hanmeng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China .,College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Shan Cao
- College of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology Shandong China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China .,College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China.,Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China .,College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457 China.,Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control China
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Paul K, Bhattacharjee P, Chatterjee N, Pal TK. Nanoliposomes of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Small Cardamom Seeds Redresses Type 2 Diabetes and Hypercholesterolemia. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2019; 13:284-303. [PMID: 30947681 DOI: 10.2174/1872208313666190404101336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES In our previous investigation, oral administration of 1,8- cineole-rich supercritical carbon dioxide extract of small cardamom seeds in Wistar albino rats resulted in achieving normal fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum cholesterol levels. The objective of this study was to further protect the aforesaid extract and to enhance its in vivo therapeutic efficacies in redressing type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, by encapsulating it as nanoliposomes. Patents related to nanoliposomes have been revised thoroughly. METHODS PEGylated nanoliposomes of the aforesaid extract were formulated using soya phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80 by probe-sonication. These nanoliposomes were subjected to in vitro characterizations and were orally administered to Wistar albino rats at three different doses viz. 550, 175 and 55 mg/kg b.w. for detailed investigation of their antidiabetic and hypocholesterolemic efficacies. RESULTS FT-IR, DSC and XRD analyses, HLB value (16), entrapment efficiency (84%) and release kinetics (obeying Higuchi model) revealed that the nanoliposomes were o/w type and were hydrophilic. They exhibited appreciable in vitro antioxidant potency (59% DPPH scavenging activity) owing to a synergistic consortium of antioxidants present therein. Oral administration of the liposomes in rats at 550 mg/kg b.w. could restore their normal FBG levels and serum lipid profiles on day 35, with desirable up-down regulations of related key enzymes. The iHOMA2 model could successfully predict the effects of nanoliposomes on insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in rat liver and brain, respectively. CONCLUSION Nanoliposome of 1,8-cineole rich extract of small cardamom seeds is a new biotherapeutic in redressing type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaninika Paul
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Paramita Bhattacharjee
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | | | - Tapan Kumar Pal
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Protective effects of phytochemicals of Capparis spinosa seeds with cisplatin and CCl4 toxicity in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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The Effects of Resveratrol in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030535. [PMID: 30695995 PMCID: PMC6387422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, also known as 3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene, is a natural polyphenol that occurs as a phytoalexin. It is produced by plant sources such as grapes, apples, blueberries, plums, peanuts, and other oilseeds. This compound has a variety of effects on human health and diseases. This review summarizes the mounting evidence that resveratrol is helpful in treating metabolic syndrome and related disorders. Resveratrol can be provided either early as a reprogramming agent or later as part of treatment. A few of the main mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of resveratrol on metabolic syndrome are outlined. This review also discusses the potential of resveratrol derivatives as a complementary or alternative medicine. In conclusion, resveratrol could be a useful regimen for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and its related conditions.
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Zhao H, Song A, Zhang Y, Shu L, Song G, Ma H. Effect of Resveratrol on Blood Lipid Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:94-102. [PMID: 30569644 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have considered the effect of resveratrol on blood lipid levels, and the results of these studies are inconsistent. In this study, the first meta-analysis on the effect of resveratrol on blood lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes was conducted. METHODS This study used keywords such as type 2 diabetes, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and resveratrol and their abbreviations, free words, and related words to search PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias, and Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 13.0 were used for data merging and statistical analysis. RESULTS Ten randomized controlled trials involving a total of 363 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the analysis. The results show that longer resveratrol intervention time (≥6 months) can reduce TG levels. But resveratrol increased total cholesterol in patients within obesity range. In type 2 diabetes patients with obesity and in those who took lipid-lowering drugs, resveratrol increased low-density lipoprotein levels. CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol can improve TG in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - An Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunjia Zhang
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Linyi Shu
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
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Ahmad A, Ahmad R. Proteomic approach to identify molecular signatures during experimental hepatic fibrosis and resveratrol supplementation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:1218-1227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Latief U, Husain H, Ahmad R. β-Carotene supplementation ameliorates experimental liver fibrogenesis via restoring antioxidant status and hepatic stellate cells activity. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Hessin AF, Hegazy RR, Hassan AA, Yassin NZ, Kenawy SAB. Resveratrol prevents liver fibrosis via two possible pathways: Modulation of alpha fetoprotein transcriptional levels and normalization of protein kinase C responses. Indian J Pharmacol 2018; 49:282-289. [PMID: 29326488 PMCID: PMC5754935 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_299_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Liver fibrosis is a global health problem that causes approximately 1.4 million deaths per year. It is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, necrosis and ends with cirrhosis, liver cancer, or liver failure. Therefore, the present study was constructed to investigate the protective effect of resveratrol (RVT) on liver fibrosis, focusing on the possible involvement of alpha 1-fetoprotein and protein kinase C signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats received thioacetamide (TAA) (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) twice weekly, for 4 successive weeks to induce liver fibrosis. RVT (30 mg/kg, per os) and vehicle were administered orally for 1 month before and another month during TAA intoxication. Body weights and mortality rate were assessed during the experiment. Liver functions and protein concentration were determined in serum, while liver tissues were analyzed for oxidative and fibrotic biomarkers. Moreover, histological examinations were performed to liver biopsies. RESULTS: RVT prevented the debility of TAA; liver functions including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, and albumin were also protected. RVT prevented TAA oxidative stress, and normal liver contents of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione were markedly preserved. In addition, RVT abolished the stimulant effect of TAA to fibrosis markers and conserved normal liver contents of nuclear factor kappa B, hydroxyproline, and alpha fetoprotein. Histological examinations indicated normal liver architecture in RVT-administered rats as compared to their TAA-administered peers. CONCLUSION: RVT was able to enhance liver functions, prevent oxidative stress, and eliminate liver fibrosis. Hence, the present data highlight the therapeutic potential of RVT as a protective agent against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Farouk Hessin
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical, National Research Center, Giza, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, UIC, IL, USA
| | - Rehab Rehab Hegazy
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical, National Research Center, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nemat Zakaria Yassin
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Medical, National Research Center, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanaa Abdel-Baky Kenawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
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Mukherjee D, Ahmad R. Resveratrol attenuates Nitrosodiethylamine-induced liver injury in anti-inflammatory manner via
regulating cyclooxygenase-2. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devoshree Mukherjee
- Section of Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh India
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- Section of Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh India
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Husain H, Latief U, Ahmad R. Pomegranate action in curbing the incidence of liver injury triggered by Diethylnitrosamine by declining oxidative stress via Nrf2 and NFκB regulation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8606. [PMID: 29872102 PMCID: PMC5988808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Unearthing and employment of healthy substitutes is now in demand to tackle a number of diseases due to the excessive repercussions of synthetic drugs. In this frame of reference pomegranate juice (PGJ) is a boon comprising of anthocyanins and hydrolysable tannins, known for its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite various documented roles of PGJ, there are no studies on antifibrotic potential in NDEA-induced mammalian liver fibrotic model. Hepatic fibrosis in rats was induced by the intra-peritoneal injection of NDEA (10 mlkg-1b.wt. of 1% NDEA) in two weeks. Biochemical, histopathological and ultra-structural studies were carried out on control, fibrotic and treated rats. The liver function indices and LPO were increased significantly by intoxication of NDEA. The antioxidant status was disturbed with the decrease in SOD, GST and catalase in the liver and membrane-ATPases as well. Histopathological observations by H&E, M&T, picro-sirius and ultra-structural scrutiny by SEM and TEM indicated liver damage and increase in COX2 and α-SMA by NDEA which was successfully rectified by the supplementation of PGJ. PGJ abrogates liver fibrosis instigated by NDEA in Wistar rats by declining oxidative stress via regulation of Nrf2 and NFκB. These findings point towards pomegranate as a potential and efficacious therapeutic agent against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiya Husain
- Biochemical and Clinical Genetics Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Uzma Latief
- Biochemical and Clinical Genetics Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- Biochemical and Clinical Genetics Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Wu J, Pan L, Jin X, Li W, Li H, Chen J, Yang W. The role of oxymatrine in regulating TGF-β1 in rats with hepatic fibrosis. Acta Cir Bras 2018; 33:207-215. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180030000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Ningxia Medical University, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Ningxia Medical University, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Wen Yang
- Ningxia Medical University, China
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Vega-Magaña N, Delgado-Rizo V, García-Benavides L, Del Toro-Arreola S, Segura-Ortega J, Morales ASMZ, Zepeda-Nuño JS, Escarra-Senmarti M, Gutiérrez-Franco J, Haramati J, Bueno-Topete MR. Bacterial Translocation Is Linked to Increased Intestinal IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, and mucin-2 in Cholestatic Rats. Ann Hepatol 2018; 17:318-329. [PMID: 29469038 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.8662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background and rationale for the study. Bacterial translocation is an important triggering factor of infection and mortality in cirrhosis. In a rat model using bile duct ligation (BDL), bacterial translocation appears within 24 h after ligation. The dynamic between TH1/TH2/TH17 cytokines and the integrity of the colonic mucosa in the context of cirrhosis is little known. This study aims to determine the link between bacterial translocation and intestinal inflammation in a cholestasis model. Additionally, alterations of the colonic mucus layer and the bacterial load were also addressed. RESULTS Bacterial translocation detected by microbiological cultures and MALDI-TOF showed that Escherichia coli predominates in mesenteric lymph nodes of BDL rats. Intestinal bacterial load analyzed by qPCR indicates a dramatic Escherichia/Shigella overgrowth at 8 and 30 days post-BDL. IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17 evaluated by Western blotting were increased at 8 and 30 days in the small intestine. In the colon, in contrast, only IFN-γ was significantly increased. The colonic mucus layer and mucin-2 expression determined by Alcian blue staining and immunohistochemistry surprisingly showed an increase in the mucus layer thickness related to increased mucin-2 expression during the entire process of liver damage. Hepatic enzymes, as well as collagen I, collagen III, TNF-α, and IL-6 liver gene expression were increased. In conclusion, bacterial overgrowth associated with bacterial translocation is linked to the over-expression of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 and mucin-2. These molecules might facilitate the intestinal permeability through exacerbating the inflammatory process and disturbing tight junctions, leading to the perpetuation of the liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Vega-Magaña
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica
| | - Vidal Delgado-Rizo
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología
| | - Leonel García-Benavides
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología
| | - Susana Del Toro-Arreola
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica
| | - Jorge Segura-Ortega
- OPD Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Juan I. Menchaca". Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Servicio de Gastroenterología
| | - Adelaida Sara M Zepeda Morales
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica
| | - José Sergio Zepeda-Nuño
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud. Laboratorio de Patología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología
| | - Marta Escarra-Senmarti
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica
| | - Jorge Gutiérrez-Franco
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica
| | - Jesse Haramati
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular
| | - Miriam R Bueno-Topete
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica
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Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, Cheung F, Hong M, Feng Y. The Potential and Action Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Treatment of Liver Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8394818. [PMID: 29507653 PMCID: PMC5817364 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8394818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liver disease, involving a wide range of liver pathologies from fatty liver, hepatitis, and fibrosis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, is a serious health problem worldwide. In recent years, many natural foods and herbs with abundant phytochemicals have been proposed as health supplementation for patients with hepatic disorders. As an important category of phytochemicals, natural polyphenols have attracted increasing attention as potential agents for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. The striking capacities in remitting oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammation put polyphenols in the spotlight for the therapies of liver diseases. It has been reported that many polyphenols from a wide range of foods and herbs exert therapeutic effects on liver injuries via complicated mechanisms. Therefore, it is necessary to have a systematical review to sort out current researches to help better understand the potentials of polyphenols in liver diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize and update the existing evidence of natural polyphenols in the treatment of various liver diseases by in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, while special attention is paid to the action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Pok Fu Lam, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fan Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ming Hong
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Pok Fu Lam, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Kiziltas H, Ekin S, Bayramoglu M, Akbas E, Oto G, Yildirim S, Ozgokce F. Antioxidant properties of Ferulago angulata and its hepatoprotective effect against N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced oxidative stress in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:888-897. [PMID: 28142310 PMCID: PMC6130605 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1270974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ferulago angulata (Schlecht.) Boiss. (Apiaceae) (FASB) is used to treat liver diseases and has been used both as food and therapeutics by many cultures for thousands of years because of the natural antioxidant compounds. OBJECTIVE This study determines antioxidant properties of FASB flowers, the levels of minerals and vitamins, and also, evaluates the hepatoprotective effect of flowers against N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) induced on liver tissue by assessing antioxidant enzymes and histopathological parameters in Wistar albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, the rats were divided into six groups of ten. Control, untreated animals were given 0.9% NaCl. Rats were intraperitoneally given NDMA (10 mg/kg) for the first 7 days. FASB methanol extract (150 and 300 mg/kg) was administered orally for 21 days. RESULTS α-Tocopherol, retinol, ascorbic acid, total antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents of FASB were 0.70 ± 0.13, 0.29 ± 0.03 μg/g, 139.32 ± 7.06 μg/100 g, 171.61 ± 6.05 mM ascorbic acid/g, 90.47 ± 4.11 mg GA/g and 37.39 ± 2.85 mg QE/g. DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was obtained IC50 67.34 ± 4.14 and 64.87 ± 4.68 μg/mL, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results of the study indicated that FASB flowers contain high levels of vitamins, minerals, total antioxidant activity, phenolics and flavonoids. Due to the positive effect on significant changes in antioxidant enzymes of liver tissue and histopathological examination, it is thought that the plant could be used as a hepatoprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Kiziltas
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Program, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Suat Ekin
- Department of Chemistry, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Esvet Akbas
- Department of Chemistry, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Oto
- Department of Pharmacology, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Fevzi Ozgokce
- Department of Biology, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Latief U, Ahmad R. Herbal remedies for liver fibrosis: A review on the mode of action of fifty herbs. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 8:352-360. [PMID: 29992106 PMCID: PMC6035307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a dynamic pathological condition which can be slowed down in its initial phases. Without proper clinical management of fibrosis, progressive liver damage may lead to cirrhosis and ultimately to liver failure or primary liver cancer, which are irreversible conditions. Therefore, in order to cure fibrotic damage to liver, its early stages should be the centre of attention. In this context, some supplements and ‘complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)’ deserve specific mention, because of their already recognized natural way of healing and long lasting curative effects. Moreover, CAM display negligible side effects and hence it is gaining worldwide importance in clinical practices. In particular, herbal medicines are now replacing synthetic pharmaceuticals and looked upon as the sources of novel bioactive substances. To develop satisfactory herbal combinations for treating liver fibrosis, phytoproducts need to be systematically evaluated for their potency as anti-fibrotic, anti-hepatotoxic and antioxidant agents. More importantly, the identified herb/agent should have the remarkable tendency to stimulate hepatocytes regeneration. The present review is a systematic account of at least fifty medicinal herbs and their products which in experimental models have demonstrated antifibrotic activity and thus, most likely candidates to offer therapeutic protection to liver. Nevertheless, much additional work is still needed to explore molecular pathways to discover potential applications of these medicines so as to open up new vistas in biomedical research.
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