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Lee SG, Chae J, Woo SM, Seo SU, Kim HJ, Kim SY, Schlaepfer DD, Kim IS, Park HS, Kwon TK, Nam JO. TGFBI remodels adipose metabolism by regulating the Notch-1 signaling pathway. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:520-531. [PMID: 36854775 PMCID: PMC10073093 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix proteins are associated with metabolically healthy adipose tissue and regulate inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and subsequent metabolic deterioration. In this study, we demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta (TGFBI), an extracellular matrix (ECM) component, plays an important role in adipose metabolism and browning during high-fat diet-induced obesity. TGFBI KO mice were resistant to adipose tissue hypertrophy, liver steatosis, and insulin resistance. Furthermore, adipose tissue from TGFBI KO mice contained a large population of CD11b+ and CD206+ M2 macrophages, which possibly control adipokine secretion through paracrine mechanisms. Mechanistically, we showed that inhibiting TGFBI-stimulated release of adipsin by Notch-1-dependent signaling resulted in adipocyte browning. TGFBI was physiologically bound to Notch-1 and stimulated its activation in adipocytes. Our findings revealed a novel protective effect of TGFBI deficiency in obesity that is realized via the activation of the Notch-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongbeom Chae
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Min Woo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Un Seo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Jeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeob Kim
- ASAN Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - David D Schlaepfer
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - In-San Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sae Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Forensic Pharmaceutical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Lee SG, Kim DS, Chae J, Lee E, Hahn D, Kim IK, Kim CJ, Choi MB, Nam JO. Nidus vespae Built by an Invasive Alien Hornet, Vespa velutina nigrithorax, Inhibits Adipose Tissue Expansion in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071013. [PMID: 36101393 PMCID: PMC9311567 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nidus vespae, commonly known as the wasp nest, has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties. However, the anti-obesity effects of Nidus vespae extract (NV) have not yet been reported. This study aimed to elucidate the potential anti-obesity effects of NV in vivo and in vitro, using a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model and 3T3-L1 adipocytes, respectively. NV administration to HFD-induced obese mice significantly decreased the mass and plasma lipid content of adipose tissues. Uncoupling protein-1 expression was significantly higher in the inguinal white adipose tissues of NV-treated mice than in those of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, we found that NV inhibited the differentiation and intracellular lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes by regulating the insulin signaling cascade, including protein kinase B, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha, and adiponectin. These findings suggest that NV may exhibit therapeutic effects against obesity by suppressing adipose tissue expansion and preadipocyte differentiation, thereby providing critical information for the development of new drugs for disease prevention and treatment. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence of the anti-obesity effects of NV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.G.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.C.); (E.L.)
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Dong Se Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.G.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Jongbeom Chae
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.G.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Eunbi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.G.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 30106, Korea; (I.-K.K.); (C.-J.K.)
| | - Chang-Jun Kim
- Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 30106, Korea; (I.-K.K.); (C.-J.K.)
| | - Moon Bo Choi
- Institute of Plant Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.B.C.); (J.-O.N.)
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (S.G.L.); (D.S.K.); (J.C.); (E.L.)
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.B.C.); (J.-O.N.)
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3
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Seo C, Jeong SJ, Yun HJ, Lee HJ, Lee JW, An HW, Han N, Jung WK, Lee SG. Nutraceutical potential of polyphenol-rich Sargassum species grown off the Korean coast: a review. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:971-984. [PMID: 35873381 PMCID: PMC9300800 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum, a brown seaweed, has been used traditionally as food and medicine in Korea, China, and Japan. Sargassum spp. contain bioactive substances associated with health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Thirty Sargassum spp. inhabit the Korean coast. However, their health benefits have yet to be systematically summarized. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to review the health benefits of these 30 Sargassum spp. grown off the Korean coast based on their health benefits, underlying mechanisms, and identified bioactive compounds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01050-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Jeong
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Yun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ju Lee
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Joo Won Lee
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Hyun Woo An
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Nara Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Sang Gil Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea.,Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
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4
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Nallamuthu I, Jain A, Anand T. Comparative evaluation of
Brassica oleracea
,
Ocimum basilicum
, and
Moringa oleifera
leaf extracts on lipase inhibition and adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14158. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaiyaraja Nallamuthu
- Nutrition, Biochemistry and Toxicology (NBT) Division Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO‐DFRL) Mysore India
| | - Abhinav Jain
- Department of Food Technology and Management National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management Sonepat India
| | - Tamatam Anand
- Nutrition, Biochemistry and Toxicology (NBT) Division Defence Food Research Laboratory (DRDO‐DFRL) Mysore India
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Lee D, Kwak HJ, Kim BH, Kim SH, Kim DW, Kang KS. Combined Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Hispidulin and p-Synephrine on 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121764. [PMID: 34944408 PMCID: PMC8698582 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hispidulin is abundant in Arrabidaea chica, Crossostephium chinense, and Grindelia argentina, among others. p-Synephrine is the main phytochemical constituent of Citrus aurantium. It has been used in combination with various other phytochemicals to determine synergistic effects in studies involving human participants. However, there have been no reports comparing the anti-adipogenic effects of the combination of hispidulin and p-synephrine. The current study explores the anti-adipogenic effects of hispidulin alone and in combination with p-synephrine in a murine preadipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1. Co-treatment resulted in a greater inhibition of the formation of red-labeled lipid droplets than the hispidulin or p-synephrine-alone treatments. Co-treatment with hispidulin and p-synephrine also significantly inhibited adipogenic marker proteins, including Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha, glucocorticoid receptor, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β. Although further studies are required to assess the effects of each drug on pharmacokinetic parameters, a combination treatment with hispidulin and p-synephrine may be a potential alternative strategy for developing novel anti-obesity drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Hee Jae Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea;
| | | | - Seung Hyun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28530, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-W.K.); (K.S.K.); Tel.: +82-43-229-7984 (D.-W.K.); +82-31-750-5402 (K.S.K.)
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (S.H.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.-W.K.); (K.S.K.); Tel.: +82-43-229-7984 (D.-W.K.); +82-31-750-5402 (K.S.K.)
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6
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Sun M, Peng S, Nie L, Zou Y, Yang L, Gao L, Dou X, Zhao C, Feng C. Three-Dimensional Chiral Supramolecular Microenvironment Strategy for Enhanced Biocatalysis. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14972-14984. [PMID: 34491712 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
How the three-dimensional (3D) chiral environment affects the biocatalysis remains an important issue, thereby inspiring the development of a microenvironment that highly mimics the natural features of enzyme to guarantee enhanced biocatalysis. In this study, two gelators bearing d/l-phenylalanine as chiral centers are designed to construct the 3D chiral catalytic microenvironment for enhancing the biocatalysis of lipase. Such a microenvironment is programmed through chiral transmission of chirality from molecular chirality to achiral polymers. It shows that the chirality of the microenvironment evidently influences the catalytic efficiency of immobilized lipase inside the system, and the 3D microenvironment constructed by right-handed helical nanostructures can enhance the catalytic activity of lipase inside as high as 10-fold for catalyzing 4-nitrophenyl palmitate (NPP) to 4-nitrophenol (NP) and 1.4-fold for catalyzing lipids to triglycerides (TGs) in 3T3-L1 cells than that of the achiral microenvironment. Moreover, the 3D chiral microenvironment has the merits of good catalytic efficiency, high storage stability, and efficient recyclability. This strategy of designing a 3D chiral microenvironment suitable for biocatalysis will overcome the present limitations of enzymatic immobilization in traditional materials and enhance the understanding of biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Shiqiao Peng
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yunqing Zou
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Laiben Gao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Dou
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Changli Zhao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chuanliang Feng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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7
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Lee SG, Chae J, Kim DS, Lee JB, Kwon GS, Kwon TK, Nam JO. Enhancement of the Antiobesity and Antioxidant Effect of Purple Sweet Potato Extracts and Enhancement of the Effects by Fermentation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:888. [PMID: 34073118 PMCID: PMC8229661 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The browning of white adipocytes, which transforms energy-storing white adipocytes to heat-producing beige adipocytes, is considered a strategy against metabolic diseases. Several dietary compounds, such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, induce a brown adipocyte-like phenotype in white adipocytes. In this study, we demonstrated that purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) extract (PSP) exhibited potent radical scavenging activity. In addition, PSP was found to contain large amounts of phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin compounds; the amount of these compounds was affected by fermentation. Functionally, PSP-induced adipose browning in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. The administration of PSP significantly suppressed the body weight gain and abnormal expansion of white adipose tissues in the obese mice. The expression of adipose browning-related genes was higher in the inguinal white adipose tissues from the PSP-treated mice than those in the HFD-fed mice. Moreover, PSP-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes formed multilocular lipid droplets, similar to those formed in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with a browning induction cocktail. The PSP-treated cells had an increased expression level of mitochondria and lipolysis-related genes. The browning effects of PSP were enhanced by fermentation with Lactobacillus. This study, to our knowledge, is the first to identify a new mechanism to increase the antiobesity effects of PSP by inducing adipocyte browning of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Lee
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.G.L.); (T.K.K.)
- Center for Forensic Pharmaceutical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.C.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Jongbeom Chae
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.C.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Dong Se Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.C.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Jung-Bok Lee
- Kyochon Research & Innovation Center, Kyochon F&B Co., Ltd., Chilgok-gun 18469, Korea;
- Department of Medical Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea;
| | - Gi-Seok Kwon
- Department of Medical Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea;
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea; (S.G.L.); (T.K.K.)
- Center for Forensic Pharmaceutical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.C.); (D.S.K.)
- Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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8
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Kim HA, Lee J. Hispidulin modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:155. [PMID: 33552273 PMCID: PMC7798102 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Despite the use of chemotherapeutic drugs, drug resistance has been observed in numerous patients with breast cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important initiation step in the process of metastasis, whereby cancer cells move away from the original tumor site. Therefore, the discovery of new substances that suppress EMT is a promising avenue for cancer treatment. The present study investigated the effect of hispidulin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, on EMT in human breast cancer cells in vitro (MCF-7 and HCC38). The EMT-associated mRNA and protein expression levels were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR or western blot analysis. Hispidulin treatment increased the expression levels of EMT-associated epithelial markers and decreased the expression levels of mesenchymal markers in both cells. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment increased breast cancer cell viability (assessed via MTS assay) and EMT induction. However, hispidulin and TGF-β1 co-treatment increased the expression levels of E-cadherin and occludin, while downregulating vimentin expression. Additionally, hispidulin treatment inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2/3 signaling and cell migration in both breast cancer cell lines. Overall, the current findings suggested that hispidulin may inhibit EMT and cell migration by suppressing the Smad2/3 signaling pathway in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun A. Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Joomin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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Guru A, Issac PK, Velayutham M, Saraswathi NT, Arshad A, Arockiaraj J. Molecular mechanism of down-regulating adipogenic transcription factors in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells by bioactive anti-adipogenic compounds. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 48:743-761. [PMID: 33275195 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is growing at an alarming rate, which is characterized by increased adipose tissue. It increases the probability of many health complications, such as diabetes, arthritis, cardiac disease, and cancer. In modern society, with a growing population of obese patients, several individuals have increased insulin resistance. Herbal medicines are known as the oldest method of health care treatment for obesity-related secondary health issues. Several traditional medicinal plants and their effective phytoconstituents have shown anti-diabetic and anti-adipogenic activity. Adipose tissue is a major site for lipid accumulation as well as the whole-body insulin sensitivity region. 3T3-L1 cell line model can achieve adipogenesis. Adipocyte characteristics features such as expression of adipocyte markers and aggregation of lipids are chemically induced in the 3T3-L1 fibroblast cell line. Differentiation of 3T3-L1 is an efficient and convenient way to obtain adipocyte like cells in experimental studies. Peroxisome proliferation activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and Cytosine-Cytosine-Adenosine-Adenosine-Thymidine/Enhancer-binding protein α (CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein α or C/EBPα) are considered to be regulating adipogenesis at the early stage, while adiponectin and fatty acid synthase (FAS) is responsible for the mature adipocyte formation. Excess accumulation of these adipose tissues and lipids leads to obesity. Thus, investigating adipose tissue development and the underlying molecular mechanism is important in the therapeutical approach. This review describes the cellular mechanism of 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells on potential anti-adipogenic herbal bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Guru
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Issac
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Manikandan Velayutham
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - N T Saraswathi
- Molecular Biophysics Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Aziz Arshad
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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10
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Kim DS, Lee SG, Kim M, Hahn D, Jung SK, Cho TO, Nam JO. Sargassum miyabei Yendo Brown Algae Exert Anti-Oxidative and Anti-AdipogenicEffects on 3T3-L1 Adipocytes by Downregulating PPARγ. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E634. [PMID: 33255313 PMCID: PMC7760913 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Sargassum miyabei Yendo, belonging to the family Sargassaceae, has been reported to have various biological effects such as anti-tyrosinase activity and anti-inflammation. However, the anti-obesity effect of Sargassum miyabei Yendo has not yet been reported. Materials and Methods: The effects of Sargassum miyabei Yendo extract (SME) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes were screened by3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazo-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Oil red O staining, western blot, and Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses. Results: Here, we show that SME had potent 2,2'-azinobis-3-ehtlbezothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical decolorization (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.2868 ± 0.011 mg/mL and 0.2941 ± 0.014 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, SME significantly suppressed lipid accumulation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, as shown by Oil Red O staining results. SME attenuated the expression of adipogenic- and lipogenic-related genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein delta (C/EBPδ), adiponectin, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), fatty acid synthase (FAS), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Conclusions: These findings suggest that SME may have therapeutic implications for developing a new anti-obesity agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Se Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.S.K.); (S.G.L.); (D.H.); (S.K.J.)
| | - Seul Gi Lee
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.S.K.); (S.G.L.); (D.H.); (S.K.J.)
| | - Minyoul Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.S.K.); (S.G.L.); (D.H.); (S.K.J.)
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.S.K.); (S.G.L.); (D.H.); (S.K.J.)
| | - Tae Oh Cho
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea;
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (D.S.K.); (S.G.L.); (D.H.); (S.K.J.)
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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11
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Functional foods - dietary or herbal products on obesity: application of selected bioactive compounds to target lipid metabolism. Curr Opin Food Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Kim N, Lee S, Kang J, Choi YA, Lee B, Kwon TK, Jang YH, Kim SH. Hispidulin alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation by inhibiting splenic Th1/Th17 cell population and keratinocyte activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106767. [PMID: 32679548 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes accompanied by increased infiltration of immune cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that hispidulin (4',5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone, HPD) has various pharmacological benefits such as anti-fungal, anti-inflammation, and anti-allergic effects. This study investigated the effectiveness of HPD to treat psoriasis using an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model and activated keratinocytes. IMQ was topically applied to the back skin of mice for six consecutive days, and the mice were orally administered HPD. Based on the histological observation and immunological analysis, oral administration of HPD suppressed psoriatic characteristics including skin thickness, psoriasis area severity index, transepidermal water loss, and neutrophil infiltration. HPD alleviated pathologically increased levels of immunoglobulin G2a, myeloperoxidase, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Splenic Th1 and Th17 cell populations were also reduced by HPD in the murine model. In addition, in activated keratinocytes, HPD inhibited gene expression of Th1- and Th17-associated cytokines and chemokines, and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB. In summary, HPD alleviates psoriasis skin inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, we suggest that HPD would be a potent therapeutic candidate for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkyung Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Immunoregulatory Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kang
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ae Choi
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungheon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Cell & Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Wang Y, Wang A, Alkhalidy H, Luo J, Moomaw E, Neilson AP, Liu D. Flavone Hispidulin Stimulates Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion and Ameliorates Hyperglycemia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900978. [PMID: 31967385 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Loss of functional β-cell mass is central for the deterioration of glycemic control in diabetes. The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plays a critical role in maintaining glycemic homeostasis via potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and promoting β-cell mass. Agents that can directly promote GLP-1 secretion, thereby increasing insulin secretion and preserving β-cell mass, hold great potential for the treatment of T2D. METHODS AND RESULTS GluTag L-cells, INS832/13 cells, and mouse ileum crypts and islets are cultured for examining the effects of flavone hispidulin on GLP-1 and insulin secretion. Mouse livers and isolated hepatocytes are used for gluconeogenesis. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice are treated with hispidulin (20 mg kg-1 day-1 , oral gavage) for 6 weeks to evaluate its anti-diabetic potential. Hispidulin stimulates GLP-1 secretion from the L-cell line, ileum crypts, and in vivo. This hispidulin action is mediated via activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signaling. Hispidulin significantly improves glycemic control in diabetic mice, concomitant with improved insulin release, and β-cell survival. Additionally, hispidulin decreases hepatic pyruvate carboxylase expression in diabetic mice and suppresses gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes. Furthermore, hispidulin stimulates insulin secretion from β-cells. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that Hispidulin may be a novel dual-action anti-diabetic compound via stimulating GLP-1 secretion and suppressing hepatic glucose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Aiping Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Elizabeth Moomaw
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Andrew P Neilson
- Plants for Human Health Institution, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
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14
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Zheng Y, Lee J, Shin KO, Park K, Kang IJ. Synergistic action of Erigeron annuus L. Pers and Borago officinalis L. enhances anti-obesity activity in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Nutr Res 2019; 69:58-66. [PMID: 31670067 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies show that Borago officinalis L. (BO) can suppress lipid accumulation in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes. Similarly, we recently revealed that Erigeron annuus L. Pers (EA) can significantly diminish both lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in 3 T3-L1 cells through an AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)-dependent mechanism. Accordingly, the objective of this present study was to evaluate the anti-obesity activity of EA and/or BO using an animal model of obesity. Obesity was induced in C57BL/6 J mice by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD; 60 kcal% fat) for 3 weeks, followed by administration of EA and/or BO (100-200 mg/kg body weight) or positive control Garcinia Cambogia (GC) (100 mg/kg body weight) for an additional 8 weeks. The anti-obesity effect of EA and/or BO was assessed by measuring body weight, adipocyte size, lipid accumulation, and expression level of genes associated with adipogenesis. We found the administration of EA and/or BO significantly attenuated increases in body weight gain, adipocyte size, and lipid accumulation in obese mice induced by HFD. In addition, western blot analysis revealed that HFD-mediated increases in expressions levels of adipogenic genes such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1c were diminished by EA and/or BO. Moreover, EA and/or BO significantly stimulated the production of adiponectin, a unique adipokine known to stimulate the breakdown of fat/lipids, whereas adiponectin levels were reduced in mice fed a HFD. Notably, a combination of EA and BO was more effective at modulating such parameters than EA or BO alone. Taken together, these results demonstrate that an anti-obesity effect of EA and/or BO can reduce adipocyte hypertrophy and modulate the expression of adipogenesis-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Oh Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Kim DE, Min KJ, Kim MJ, Kim SH, Kwon TK. Hispidulin Inhibits Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation through Down-Regulation of Histamine Release and Inflammatory Cytokines. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112131. [PMID: 31195760 PMCID: PMC6600596 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hispidulin (4',5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone) is a natural compound derived from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, and it is known to have an anti-inflammatory effect. Here, we investigated the effect of hispidulin on the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic responses in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 mast cells. When RBL-2H3 cells were sensitized with anti-dinitrophenyl (anti-DNP) IgE and subsequently stimulated with DNP-human serum albumin (HSA), histamine and β-hexosaminidase were released from the cells by degranulation of activated mast cells. However, pretreatment with hispidulin before the stimulation of DNP-HSA markedly attenuated release of both in anti-DNP IgE-sensitized cells. Furthermore, we investigated whether hispidulin inhibits anti-DNP IgE and DNP-HSA-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), as an animal model for Type I allergies. Hispidulin markedly decreased the PCA reaction and allergic edema of ears in mice. In addition, activated RBL-2H3 cells induced the expression of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-4), which are critical for the pathogenesis of allergic disease, through the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Inhibition of JNK activation by hispidulin treatment reduced the induction of cytokine expression in the activated mast cells. Our results indicate that hispidulin might be a possible therapeutic candidate for allergic inflammatory diseases through the suppression of degranulation and inflammatory cytokines expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Eun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Korea.
| | - Kyoung-Jin Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Korea.
| | - Min-Jong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Korea.
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16
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Ojulari OV, Lee SG, Nam JO. Beneficial Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. on Obesity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24010210. [PMID: 30626104 PMCID: PMC6337177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a condition associated with the accumulation of excess fat in the body, energy imbalance, lipogenesis, etc., which increases adipose tissue mass through adipogenesis and poses a health risk. Its prevalence has become an economic burden to the health care system and the world at large. One of the alternatives to tackling obesity involves the use of bioactive compounds. We critically examined the effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract (HSE) on various parameters associated with the development of obesity such as; the effect of HSE on body weight, the effect of HSE on lipid accumulation, cholesterol metabolism and plasma parameters, the inhibitory effect of HSE on pancreatic lipase, and the effect of HSE on adipocyte differentiation/adipogenesis. This review has gathered reports on the various anti-obesity effects of H. sabdariffa bioactive compounds in cell and animal models, as well as in humans. Available toxicology information on the consumption of H. sabdariffa revealed that its toxicity is dose-dependent and may cause an adverse effect when administered over a long period of time. Reports have shown that H. sabdariffa derived bioactive compounds are potent in the treatment of obesity with an evident reduction in body weight, inhibition of lipid accumulation and suppression of adipogenesis through the PPARγ pathway and other transcriptional factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seul Gi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
- Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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