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Zhang X, Fawwal DV, Spangle JM, Corbett AH, Jones CY. Exploring the Molecular Underpinnings of Cancer-Causing Oncohistone Mutants Using Yeast as a Model. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1187. [PMID: 38132788 PMCID: PMC10744705 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of cancer initiation and progression is critical in developing effective treatment strategies. Recently, mutations in genes encoding histone proteins that drive oncogenesis have been identified, converting these essential proteins into "oncohistones". Understanding how oncohistone mutants, which are commonly single missense mutations, subvert the normal function of histones to drive oncogenesis requires defining the functional consequences of such changes. Histones genes are present in multiple copies in the human genome with 15 genes encoding histone H3 isoforms, the histone for which the majority of oncohistone variants have been analyzed thus far. With so many wildtype histone proteins being expressed simultaneously within the oncohistone, it can be difficult to decipher the precise mechanistic consequences of the mutant protein. In contrast to humans, budding and fission yeast contain only two or three histone H3 genes, respectively. Furthermore, yeast histones share ~90% sequence identity with human H3 protein. Its genetic simplicity and evolutionary conservation make yeast an excellent model for characterizing oncohistones. The power of genetic approaches can also be exploited in yeast models to define cellular signaling pathways that could serve as actionable therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on the value of yeast models to serve as a discovery tool that can provide mechanistic insights and inform subsequent translational studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Zhang
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (X.Z.); (D.V.F.); (A.H.C.)
| | - Dorelle V. Fawwal
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (X.Z.); (D.V.F.); (A.H.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Biochemistry, Cell & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Spangle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Anita H. Corbett
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (X.Z.); (D.V.F.); (A.H.C.)
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Celina Y. Jones
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (X.Z.); (D.V.F.); (A.H.C.)
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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2
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Goodwin KD, Lewis MA, Long EC, Georgiadis MM. Two distinct rotations of bithiazole DNA intercalation revealed by direct comparison of crystal structures of Co(III)•bleomycin A 2 and B 2 bound to duplex 5'-TAGTT sites. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 77:117113. [PMID: 36516684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycins constitute a family of anticancer natural products that bind DNA through intercalation of a C-terminal tail/bithiazole moiety and hydrogen-bonding interactions between the remainder of the drug and the minor groove. The clinical utility of the bleomycins is believed to result from single- and double-strand DNA cleavage mediated by the HOO-Fe(III) form of the drug. The bleomycins also serve as a model system to understand the nature of complex drug-DNA interactions that may guide future DNA-targeted drug discovery. In this study, the impact of the C-terminal tail on bleomycin-DNA interactions was investigated. Toward this goal, we determined two crystal structures of HOO-Co(III)•BLMA2 "green" (a stable structural analogue of the active HOO-Fe(III) drug) bound to duplex DNA containing 5'-TAGTT, one in which the entire drug is bound (fully bound) and a second with only the C-terminal tail/bithiazole bound (partially bound). The structures reported here were captured by soaking HOO-Co(III)•BLMA2 into preformed host-guest crystals including a preferred DNA-binding site. While the overall structure of DNA-bound BLMA2 was found to be similar to those reported earlier at the same DNA site for BLMB2, the intercalated bithiazole of BLMB2 is "flipped" 180˚ relative to DNA-bound BLMA2. This finding highlights an unidentified role for the C-terminal tail in directing the intercalation of the bithiazole. In addition, these analyses identified specific bond rotations within the C-terminal domain of the drug that may be relevant for its reorganization and ability to carry out a double-strand DNA cleavage event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie D Goodwin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark A Lewis
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis (IUPUI), 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Eric C Long
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis (IUPUI), 402 North Blackford Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Millie M Georgiadis
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Taparra K, Dee EC, Dao D, Patel R, Santos P, Chino F. Disaggregation of Asian American and Pacific Islander Women With Stage 0-II Breast Cancer Unmasks Disparities in Survival and Surgery-to-Radiation Intervals: A National Cancer Database Analysis From 2004 to 2017. JCO Oncol Pract 2022; 18:e1255-e1264. [PMID: 35594493 PMCID: PMC9377694 DOI: 10.1200/op.22.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Aggregation of Asian Americans (AAs) with Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) masks significant health disparities. We evaluated overall survival (OS) and surgery-to-radiation intervals (STRIs) among AA and NHPI women with early-stage breast cancer. METHODS This National Cancer Database study included women with stage 0-II breast cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2017. STRI was defined as days from surgery to radiation. Patients were stratified by adjuvant treatment. AAs were disaggregated into geographically relevant subpopulations: East, South, and Southeast Asians. Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank tests assessed survival. Cox proportional hazard and linear regression were adjusted for clinical and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS In total, 578,927 women were included (median age 61 years, median follow-up 65 months, and 10-year OS 83%). AA and NHPI 10-year OS was 91% overall; subpopulation 10-year OS was 92% for East Asian, 90% for South Asian, 90% for Southeast Asian, and 83% for NHPI. On multivariable analysis, compared with non-Hispanic White, NHPI women had worse survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.77); all AA subpopulations had improved survival: East Asian (aHR = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.69), South Asian (aHR = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.84), and Southeast Asian (aHR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.94). The AA and NHPI median STRI for was 73 days overall; the disaggregated median STRI was 68 days for East Asian, 80 days for South Asian, 77 days for Southeast Asians, and 81 days for NHPI. On adjusted analysis, compared with non-Hispanic White, Southeast Asians and NHPI had longer STRI by 6.6 (95% CI, 4.3 to 8.9) and 10.0 (95% CI, 5.8 to 14) days, respectively. CONCLUSION Breast cancer disparities exist among disaggregated AA and NHPI subpopulations. Data disaggregation insights may lead to interventions to overcome these disparities, such as optimizing time-to-treatment for select populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekoa Taparra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Dyda Dao
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Rohan Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Patricia Santos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY
| | - Fumiko Chino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY
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4
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Ćoćić D, Jovanović-Stević S, Jelić R, Matić S, Popović S, Djurdjević P, Baskić D, Petrović B. Homo- and hetero-dinuclear Pt(II)/Pd(II) complexes: studies of hydrolysis, nucleophilic substitution reactions, DNA/BSA interactions, DFT calculations, molecular docking and cytotoxic activity. Dalton Trans 2021; 49:14411-14431. [PMID: 33043330 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02906h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Three dinuclear complexes [Pd2(tpbd)Cl2]Cl2 (PP1), [Pt2(tpbd)Cl2]Cl2 (PP2) and [PdPt(tpbd)Cl2]Cl2 (PP3) (tpbd = N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)benzene-1,4-diamine) have been synthesized and characterized and the protonation constants of their corresponding diaqua analogues have been determined. Also, in water solution, the aqua analogues of these complexes exist as mono-hydroxo, di-hydroxo and dimer μ-hydroxo complexes in the pH between 3.0 and 11.0. Substitution reactions with sulfur- and nitrogen-donor nucleophiles, such as thiourea (Tu), l-methionine (l-Met), glutathione (GSH) and guanosine-5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP), were studied at pH 7.2 by conventional and stopped-flow UV-Vis spectrophotometry and the observed reactivity follows the order: Tu > l-Met > GSH > 5'-GMP. Also, the interactions with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated. Competitive studies with DNA were performed in the presence of ethidium bromide and Hoechst dye 33258 as well. The complexes possess the strong ability to react with CT-DNA exhibiting intercalation and more preferable minor groove binding. Nevertheless, all complexes showed a good binding affinity toward BSA with relatively high binding constants. The nature of the binding forces between complexes and biomolecules has been identified as hydrophobic. Experimental results were compared with the molecular docking results, while the relative stability and thermodynamic properties of dinuclear complexes were compared with their mononuclear units by DFT calculations. Among three tested complexes, PP2 showed the most powerful cytotoxic effect on HTB140 and H460 cancer cell lines after 48 h of treatment and exerted a strong long-term influence on the proliferation potential of both tested cell lines. PP2 induced the inhibition of autophagy, G2/M cell cycle arrest and mitotic catastrophe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Ćoćić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - SneŽana Jovanović-Stević
- University of Kragujevac, Institute of Information Technologies, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ratomir Jelić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sanja Matić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Suzana Popović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Predrag Djurdjević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal medicine, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia and Clinic for Haematology, Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan Baskić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia and Public Health Institute, Nikole Pašića 1, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Biljana Petrović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Loss of an ABC transporter in Arabidopsis thaliana confers hypersensitivity to the anti-cancer drug bleomycin. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 106:103174. [PMID: 34256304 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycin (BLM) is used as an anti-cancer drug clinically. However, some cancer cells are resistant to BLM, which limits the usage of BLM in chemotherapy. But the underlying mechanism of such resistance is poorly understood. Here we show that the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCC3 is required for the BLM-resistance in Arabidopsis. In a genetic screen for ddrm (DNA damage response mutants), we found that loss of ABCC3 confers the hypersensitivity to BLM. In contrast, overexpression of ABCC3 enhances the resistance to BLM. We further found that the expression of ABCC3 is induced by BLM, which is dependent on the protein kinase ATM and the transcription factor SOG1, two master regulators of DNA damage response. Our study revealed that the ABC transporter contributes to BLM-resistance, indicating that the combination of ABC transporter inhibitors and BLM may enhance the efficacy of BLM in cancer therapy.
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Taparra K, Liu H, Polley MY, Ristow K, Habermann TM, Ansell SM. Bleomycin use in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL): toxicity and outcomes in the modern era. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 61:298-308. [PMID: 31517559 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1663419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
One-in-five Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) patients treated with bleomycin develop bleomycin pulmonary toxicity (BPT). Given bleomycin-omission data with negative interim-PET, we assessed changes in BPT statistics. We retrospectively evaluated 126 ABVD-treated HL patients for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), BPT factors, and management. Forty-seven patients developed BPT with 17% BPT-mortality. In univariable analysis, OS was negatively impacted by BPT (HR = 3.6, 95%CI = 1.2-10.6), but not bleomycin-omission (HR = 1.3, 95%CI = 0.5-3.7). In multivariable analysis, BPT was not associated with OS (HR = 3.0, 95%CI = 0.9-9.9). BPT patients were older (46 y vs 33 years) and received less bleomycin (107 vs 215 units) compared to non-BPT patients. BPT was managed primarily with bleomycin-omission. "Recent Era" patients had lower BPT rates (28% vs 48%), mortality (10% vs 21%), and bleomycin doses (7 vs 12 doses), yet higher bleomycin-omission in the absence of the BPT (59% vs 8%) compared to "Early Era". Our data suggest BPT continually impacts OS in ABVD-treated HL patients, however management is changing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekoa Taparra
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heshan Liu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mei-Yin Polley
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kay Ristow
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Leichnitz S, Heinrich J, Kulak N. A fluorescence assay for the detection of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals generated by metallonucleases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13411-13414. [PMID: 30427336 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06996d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes can initiate DNA cleavage by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A conventional assay to probe for ROS is to add quenchers in a gel electrophoresis experiment. As we show here, such an assay is neither selective nor reliable. Instead, we suggest the use of simple fluorogens, as tested here with several metallonucleases for the detection of H2O2 and HO˙.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leichnitz
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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8
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Heydari-Bafrooei E, Amini M, Saeednia S. Electrochemical detection of DNA damage induced by Bleomycin in the presence of metal ions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Manjón E, Edreira T, Muñoz S, Sánchez Y. Rgf1p (Rho1p GEF) is required for double-strand break repair in fission yeast. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:5269-5284. [PMID: 28334931 PMCID: PMC5435928 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases are conserved molecules that control cytoskeletal dynamics. These functions are expedited by Rho GEFs that stimulate the release of GDP to enable GTP binding, thereby allowing Rho proteins to initiate intracellular signaling. How Rho GEFs and Rho GTPases protect cells from DNA damage is unknown. Here, we explore the extreme sensitivity of a deletion mutation in the Rho1p exchange factor Rgf1p to the DNA break/inducing antibiotic phleomycin (Phl). The Rgf1p mutant cells are defective in reentry into the cell cycle following the induction of severe DNA damage. This phenotype correlates with the inability of rgf1Δ cells to efficiently repair fragmented chromosomes after Phl treatment. Consistent with this observation Rad11p (ssDNA binding protein, RPA), Rad52p, Rad54p and Rad51p, which facilitate strand invasion in the process of homology-directed repair (HDR), are permanently stacked in Phl-induced foci in rgf1Δ cells. These phenotypes are phenocopied by genetic inhibition of Rho1p. Our data provide evidence that Rgf1p/Rho1p activity positively controls a repair function that confers resistance against the anti-cancer drug Phl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Manjón
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC. Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca. C/Zacarías González, s/n. Salamanca, Spain
| | - Tomás Edreira
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC. Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca. C/Zacarías González, s/n. Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sofía Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC. Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca. C/Zacarías González, s/n. Salamanca, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sánchez
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC. Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca. C/Zacarías González, s/n. Salamanca, Spain
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Comparative study of human neuronal and glial cell sensitivity for in vitro neurogenotoxicity testing. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 102:120-128. [PMID: 28174116 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cell cultures from neuronal and glial origin have proven to be powerful tools for elucidating cellular and molecular mechanisms of nervous system development and physiology, and as neurotoxicity models to evaluate in vitro the possible effects of chemicals. But cellular heterogeneity of nervous system is considerable and these cells have been shown to respond diversely to neurotoxic insults, leading to disparate results from different studies. To shed more light on suitability of cellular models of nervous origin for neurotoxicity screening, the objective of this study was to compare the sensitivity to genetic damage induction of two nervous cell lines. To this aim, neurons (SH-SY5Y) and glial (A172) cells were treated with differently-acting genotoxic agents (bleomycin, actinomycin-D, methyl methanesulfonate, mitomycin C, and griseofulvin). After discarding cytotoxicity, genotoxicity was evaluated by a battery of assays encompassing detection of different genetic lesions. Results obtained showed that glial cells are generally more resistant to genotoxic damage induced by clastogenic agents, but more sensitive to aneugenic effects. These results highlight the need of proper design of in vitro neurotoxicology studies, especially for neurogenotoxicity screening, emphasizing the importance of employing more than one nervous cell type for testing the potential toxicity of a particular exposure.
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Kar S, Biswas S, Banerjee ER. Evaluating the ameliorative potential of plant flavonoids and their nanocomposites in bleomycin induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.7603/s40730-016-0032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Collins JK, Jones KT. DNA damage responses in mammalian oocytes. Reproduction 2016; 152:R15-22. [PMID: 27069010 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage acquired during meiosis can lead to infertility and miscarriage. Hence, it should be important for an oocyte to be able to detect and respond to such events in order to make a healthy egg. Here, the strategies taken by oocytes during their stages of growth to respond to DNA damaging events are reviewed. In particular, recent evidence of a novel pathway in fully grown oocytes helps prevent the formation of mature eggs with DNA damage. It has been found that fully grown germinal vesicle stage oocytes that have been DNA damaged do not arrest at this point in meiosis, but instead undergo meiotic resumption and stall during the first meiotic division. The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint, which is a well-known mitotic pathway employed by somatic cells to monitor chromosome attachment to spindle microtubules, appears to be utilised by oocytes also to respond to DNA damage. As such maturing oocytes are arrested at metaphase I due to an active Spindle Assembly Checkpoint. This is surprising given this checkpoint has been previously studied in oocytes and considered to be weak and ineffectual because of its poor ability to be activated in response to microtubule attachment errors. Therefore, the involvement of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint in DNA damage responses of mature oocytes during meiosis I uncovers a novel second function for this ubiquitous cellular checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie K Collins
- Centre for Biological SciencesFaculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK ;
| | - Keith T Jones
- Centre for Biological SciencesFaculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK ;
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13
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Arambula JF, McCall R, Sidoran KJ, Magda D, Mitchell NA, Bielawski CW, Lynch VM, Sessler JL, Arumugam K. Targeting Antioxidant Pathways with Ferrocenylated N-Heterocyclic Carbene Supported Gold(I) Complexes in A549 Lung Cancer Cells. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1245-1256. [PMID: 26918111 PMCID: PMC4762604 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03519h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferrocenylated-Au(i) carbenes were designed, synthesized, and studied for their ability to generate reactive oxygen species and target antioxidant pathways via multiple mechanisms.
Ferrocene containing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligated gold(i) complexes of the type [Au(NHC)2]+ were prepared and found to be capable of regulating the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via multiple mechanisms. Single crystal X-ray analysis of bis(1-(ferrocenylmethyl)-3-mesitylimidazol-2-ylidene)-gold(i) chloride (5) and bis(1,3-di(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazol-2-ylidene)-gold(i) chloride (6) revealed a quasi-linear geometry around the gold(i) centers (i.e., the C–Au–C bond angle were measured to be ∼177° and all the Au–Ccarbene bonds distances were in the range of 2.00 (7)–2.03 (1) Å). A series of cell studies indicated that cell proliferation inhibition and ROS generation were directly proportional to the amount of ferrocene contained within the [Au(NHC)2]+ complexes (IC50 of 6 < 5 < bis(1-benzyl-3-mesitylimidazol-2-ylidene)-gold(i) chloride (4)). Complexes 4–6 were also confirmed to inhibit thioredoxin reductase as inferred from lipoate reduction assays and increased chelatable intracellular zinc concentrations. RNA microarray gene expression assays revealed that 6 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathways as a result of ROS increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Arambula
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, 30460, USA
| | - R McCall
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, 30460, USA
| | - K J Sidoran
- Department of Chemistry, 3261 West State Road, St. Bonaventure University, New York, 14778
| | - D Magda
- Lumiphore, Inc., Berkeley, California, 94710, USA
| | - N A Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325-1400
| | - C W Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - V M Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - J L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - K Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, Ohio, 45435, USA
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14
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Sánchez-Flores M, Pásaro E, Bonassi S, Laffon B, Valdiglesias V. γH2AX Assay as DNA Damage Biomarker for Human Population Studies: Defining Experimental Conditions. Toxicol Sci 2015; 144:406-13. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Filipović NR, Bjelogrlić S, Marinković A, Verbić TŽ, Cvijetić IN, Senćanski M, Rodić M, Vujčić M, Sladić D, Striković Z, Todorović TR, Muller CD. Zn(ii) complex with 2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde selenosemicarbazone: synthesis, structure, interaction studies with DNA/HSA, molecular docking and caspase-8 and -9 independent apoptose induction. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19849f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A new Zn(ii)-based complex shows a concentration-dependent apoptotic response in highly resistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells with extensive activation of caspase-8 and -9.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ilija N. Cvijetić
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Milan Senćanski
- Center for Multidisciplinary Research
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”
- University of Belgrade
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Marko Rodić
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Novi Sad
- Novi Sad
- Serbia
| | - Miroslava Vujčić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Dušan Sladić
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | | | | | - Christian D. Muller
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique
- UMR 7200
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67401 Illkirch
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16
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Chitrapriya N, Shin JH, Hwang IH, Kim Y, Kim C, Kim SK. Synthesis, DNA binding profile and DNA cleavage pathway of divalent metal complexes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10695h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Divalent metal complexes of dipyridylamine ligand with an anthracene moiety induced considerable oxidative DNA cleavage in the presence hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong Heon Shin
- Department of Chemistry
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan
- Republic of Korea
| | - In Hong Hwang
- Department of Fine Chemistry and Department of Interdisciplinary Bio IT Materials
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology
- Seoul 139-743
- Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750
- Republic of Korea
| | - Cheal Kim
- Department of Fine Chemistry and Department of Interdisciplinary Bio IT Materials
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology
- Seoul 139-743
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seog K. Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan
- Republic of Korea
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17
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Miura T. The peroxidase activity of bleomycin-Fe3+ is associated with damage to biological components. J Biochem 2014; 157:217-24. [PMID: 25359786 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvu063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, bleomycin-Fe(3+) steadily oxidized tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of peroxides. However, the ability of bleomycin-Fe(3+) to function as a peroxidase was extremely low compared with that of other peroxidases. A characteristic property of bleomycin-Fe(3+) different from that observed for other peroxidases is its ability to oxidize TMB at the similar rate at both a pH 5 and 8 in the presence of lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH). In the present experiments, hydroxyl radicals (HO•) were generated only when bleomycin-Fe(3+) was incubated with H2O2 at a pH of 5. No generation of HO• was observed during the incubation of bleomycin-Fe(3+) with LOOH. Meanwhile, bleomycin-Fe(3+) induced the formation of LOOH from linoleic acid and alcohol dehydrogenase was inactivated by bleomycin-Fe(3+) with peroxides. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were formed from DNA by bleomycin-Fe(3+) with H2O2, and strand breaks were caused by bleomycin-Fe(3+) with LOOH. The oxidative substrates for bleomycin-Fe(3+) blocked the damage to biological components induced by bleomycin-Fe(3+). These results suggest that compound I-like species contribute to the process of damage to biological components induced by bleomycin-Fe(3+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Miura
- Department of Natural Science in Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Katsuraoka-cho 7-1, Otaru 0470264, Japan
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18
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Panja A. Role of the metal sites of a heterobimetallic trinuclear complex on DNA binding and cleavage activities. J COORD CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2013.801466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anangamohan Panja
- a Postgraduate Department of Chemistry , Panskura Banamali College , Panskura RS , India
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19
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Scarpato R, Castagna S, Aliotta R, Azzara A, Ghetti F, Filomeni E, Giovannini C, Pirillo C, Testi S, Lombardi S, Tomei A. Kinetics of nuclear phosphorylation ( -H2AX) in human lymphocytes treated in vitro with UVB, bleomycin and mitomycin C. Mutagenesis 2013; 28:465-73. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/get024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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20
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Ohta T, Liu JG, Naruta Y. Resonance Raman characterization of mononuclear heme-peroxo intermediate models. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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The DNA sequence specificity of bleomycin cleavage in telomeric sequences in human cells. J Biol Inorg Chem 2012; 17:1209-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-012-0934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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22
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Lighvan ZM, Abedi A, Bordar M. Novel mononuclear zinc complexes with 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-bithiazole: Synthesis, crystal structure and DNA-binding studies. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Pratviel G. Oxidative DNA damage mediated by transition metal ions and their complexes. Met Ions Life Sci 2012; 10:201-16. [PMID: 22210340 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2172-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage by redox-active metal complexes depends on the interaction of the metal complex with DNA together with the mechanism of oxygen activation. Weak interaction, tight binding, and direct involvement of DNA in the coordination sphere of the metal are described. Metal complexes acting through the production of diffusing radicals and metal complexes oxidizing DNA by metal-centered active species are compared. Metal complexes able to form high-valent metal-oxo species in close contact with DNA and perform DNA oxidation in a way reminiscent of enzymatic chemistry are the most elegant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Pratviel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, 205, Route de Narbonne, Toulouse-Cedex, France.
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24
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Mikhalyova EA, Makhlynets OV, Palluccio TD, Filatov AS, Rybak-Akimova EV. A new efficient ironcatalyst for olefinepoxidation with hydrogen peroxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:687-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15935f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Nguyen TV, Murray V. Human telomeric DNA sequences are a major target for the antitumour drug bleomycin. J Biol Inorg Chem 2011; 17:1-9. [PMID: 21761251 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-011-0818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The DNA sequence specificity of the cancer chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin was examined in a human telomeric DNA sequence and compared with that of non-telomeric sequences. The target DNA sequence contained 17 repeats of the human telomeric sequence and other primary sites of bleomycin cleavage. The 377-base-pair target DNA was fluorescently labelled at the 3'-end, damaged with bleomycin and electrophoresed in an ABI 3730 automated capillary sequencer to determine the intensity and sequence specificity of bleomycin damage. The results revealed that bleomycin cleaved primarily at 5'-GT in the telomeric sequence 5'-GGGTTA. Maxam-Gilbert chemical sequencing reactions were utilised as DNA size markers to determine the precise sites of bleomycin cleavage. The telomeric region contained strong sites of bleomycin cleavage and constituted 57% of the 30 most intense bleomycin damage sites in the DNA sequence examined. These data indicated that telomeric DNA sequences are a major site for bleomycin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung V Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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26
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Sharma A, Shukla A, Mishra M, Chowdhuri DK. Validation and application of Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo model for the detection of double strand breaks by neutral Comet assay. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2011; 721:142-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Valdiglesias V, Méndez J, Pásaro E, Cemeli E, Anderson D, Laffon B. Assessment of okadaic acid effects on cytotoxicity, DNA damage and DNA repair in human cells. Mutat Res 2010; 689:74-79. [PMID: 20621797 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) is a phycotoxin produced by several types of dinoflagellates causing diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in humans. Symptoms induced by DSP toxins are mainly gastrointestinal, but the intoxication does not appear to be fatal. Despite this, this toxin presents a potential threat to human health even at concentrations too low to induce acute toxicity, since previous animal studies have shown that OA has very potent tumour promoting activity. However, its concrete action mechanism has not been described yet and the results reported with regard to OA cytotoxicity and genotoxicity are often contradictory. In the present study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of OA on three different types of human cells (peripheral blood leukocytes, HepG2 hepatoma cells, and SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells) were evaluated. Cells were treated with a range of OA concentrations in the presence and absence of S9 fraction, and MTT test and Comet assay were performed in order to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, respectively. The possible effects of OA on DNA repair were also studied by means of the DNA repair competence assay, using bleomycin as DNA damage inductor. Treatment with OA in absence of S9 fraction induced not statistically significant decrease in cell viability and significant increase in DNA damage in all cell types at the highest concentrations investigated. However, only SHSY5Y cells showed OA induced genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in presence of S9 fraction. Furthermore, we found that OA can induce modulations in DNA repair processes when exposure was performed prior to BLM treatment, in co-exposure, or during the subsequent DNA repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Toxicology Unit, Psychobiology Department, University of A Coruña, Edificio de Servicios Centrales de Investigación, Campus Elviña s/n, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
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28
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Pitié M, Pratviel G. Activation of DNA Carbon−Hydrogen Bonds by Metal Complexes. Chem Rev 2010; 110:1018-59. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900247m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite Pitié
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Geneviève Pratviel
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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29
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Chen Z, Peng Y, Chen M, Chen X, Zhang G. DNA as a target for anticancer compounds screening directly by resonance light scattering technique. Analyst 2010; 135:2653-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00386g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Jalilian AR, Akhlaghi M, Shirazi B, Aboudzadeh R, Raisali G, Salouti M, Babaii M. [201Tl](III)-bleomycin for tumor imaging. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2006.94.8.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Due to interesting physical properties and wide availability of thallium-201 as a SPECT radionuclide, the idea of incorporation of this nuclide into biologically active compounds was targeted. Thallium-201 (T
1/2 = 3.04 d) in Tl+ form was converted to Tl3+ cation in presence of O3 in 6 M HCl controlled by RTLC/gel electrophoresis methods. The final evaporated activity was reacted with bleomycin in normal saline to yield [201Tl]BLM at room temperature after 0.5 h (radiochemical yield > 99%) followed by HPLC analysis. The studies showed that thallic ion is mostly incorporated into bleomycin A2 while other species in the pharmaceutical sample almost remain unlabeled. Radiochemical purity of more than 99% was obtained using RTLC, HPLC with specific activity of about 7 Ci/mmol. The stability of the tracer was checked in the final product in presence of human serum at 37 °C up to 3 d. The tracer accumulated in tumors of fibrosarcoma-bearing mice after 72 h.
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31
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Aparicio G, Calvo MB, Medina V, Fernández O, Jiménez P, Lema M, Figueroa A, Antón Aparicio LM. Comprehensive lung injury pathology induced by mTOR inhibitors. Clin Transl Oncol 2009; 11:499-510. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-009-0394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Anichina J, Bohme DK. Mass-spectrometric studies of the interactions of selected metalloantibiotics and drugs with deprotonated hexadeoxynucleotide GCATGC. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:328-35. [PMID: 19072169 DOI: 10.1021/jp807034v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
ESI tandem mass spectrometry is employed in a detailed study of the interactions of a hexameric duplex d(5'GCATGC) with three types of ligated first-row transition metal dications M(2+): metallated bleomycins, singly, doubly, and triply ligated metallophenanthrolines and [M(triethylenetetramine)](2+). The singly, doubly, and triply metallated species were found to dissociate by noncovalent separation into two strands with metal ions attached either to one or to both. Relative gas-phase stabilities of the double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN)-M(2+) complexes were found to follow the order Mn(II) > Fe(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II) > Zn(II) > Cu(II). Overall, the presence of metal dications is found to increase the gas-phase stability of the duplex against noncovalent dissociation with the exception of one and three copper dications. An analysis of the dissociation pathways and relative gas-phase stabilities of the species that were investigated provided a basis for the assessment of the possible binding modes between duplex oligonucleotides and metallocomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Anichina
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
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33
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Georgieva M, Stoilov L. Assessment of DNA strand breaks induced by bleomycin in barley by the comet assay. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2008; 49:381-387. [PMID: 18418872 DOI: 10.1002/em.20396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Comet assay was applied to study induction and repair of DNA damage produced by bleomycin in barley genome. Experimental conditions were adapted to achieve efficient detection of both DNA single- and double-strand breaks. Substantial increase of the parameter "% of DNA in tail" was observed coupled with almost linear dependence from bleomycin concentration, more pronounced for the induction of DNA double-strand breaks. Data obtained at different recovery periods displayed rapid restoration of breakage, revealing that efficient mechanisms for repair of strand discontinuities induced by bleomycin are functional in barley DNA loop domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariyana Georgieva
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics Acad. D. Kostoff, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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34
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Chen J, Ghorai MK, Kenney G, Stubbe J. Mechanistic studies on bleomycin-mediated DNA damage: multiple binding modes can result in double-stranded DNA cleavage. Nucleic Acids Res 2008; 36:3781-90. [PMID: 18492718 PMCID: PMC2441780 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The bleomycins (BLMs) are a family of natural glycopeptides used clinically as antitumor agents. In the presence of required cofactors (Fe(2+) and O(2)), BLM causes both single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) DNA damage with the latter thought to be the major source of cytotoxicity. Previous biochemical and structural studies have demonstrated that BLM can mediate ss cleavage through multiple binding modes. However, our studies have suggested that ds cleavage occurs by partial intercalation of BLM's bithiazole tail 3' to the first cleavage site that facilitates its re-activation and re-organization to the second strand without dissociation from the DNA where the second cleavage event occurs. To test this model, a BLM A5 analog (CD-BLM) with beta-cyclodextrin attached to its terminal amine was synthesized. This attachment presumably precludes binding via intercalation. Cleavage studies measuring ss:ds ratios by two independent methods were carried out. Studies using [(32)P]-hairpin technology harboring a single ds cleavage site reveal a ss:ds ratio of 6.7 +/- 1.2:1 for CD-BLM and 3.4:1 and 3.1 +/- 0.3:1 for BLM A2 and A5, respectively. In contrast with BLM A5 and A2, however, CD-BLM mediates ds-DNA cleavage through cooperative binding of a second CD-BLM molecule to effect cleavage on the second strand. Studies using the supercoiled plasmid relaxation assay revealed a ss:ds ratio of 2.8:1 for CD-BLM in comparison with 7.3:1 and 5.8:1, for BLM A2 and A5, respectively. This result in conjunction with the hairpin results suggest that multiple binding modes of a single BLM can lead to ds-DNA cleavage and that ds cleavage can occur using one or two BLM molecules. The significance of the current study to understanding BLM's action in vivo is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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35
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Muramoto T, Chubb JR. Live imaging of theDictyosteliumcell cycle reveals widespread S phase during development, a G2 bias in spore differentiation and a premitotic checkpoint. Development 2008; 135:1647-57. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of the Dictyostelium cell cycle has remained ambiguous owing to difficulties in long-term imaging of motile cells and a lack of markers for defining cell cycle phases. There is controversy over whether cells replicate their DNA during development, and whether spores are in G1 or G2 of the cell cycle. We have introduced a live-cell S-phase marker into Dictyostelium cells that allows us to precisely define cycle phase. We show that during multicellular development, a large proportion of cells undergo nuclear DNA synthesis. Germinating spores enter S phase only after their first mitosis, indicating that spores are in G2. In addition, we demonstrate that Dictyostelium heterochromatin is copied late in S phase and replicates via accumulation of replication factors, rather than recruitment of DNA to pre-existing factories. Analysis of variability in cycle times indicates that regulation of the cycle manifests at a single random transition in G2, and we present the first identified checkpoint in Dictyostelium, which operates at the G2-M transition in response to DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Muramoto
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences,University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Jonathan R. Chubb
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences,University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
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36
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Ng LT, Yen FL, Liao CW, Lin CC. Protective effect of Houttuynia cordata extract on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2007; 35:465-75. [PMID: 17597505 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07004989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the antioxidant properties of Houttuynia cordata (HC) and its protective effect on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Results showed that aqueous extract of HC exhibited a different magnitude of antioxidant activities in all model systems tested. Although HC showed weaker free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity than vitamin E, its anti-lipid peroxidation activity in rat liver homogenate was close to that of vitamin E. In animal studies, HC significantly decreased the levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, hydroxyproline, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. However, an increase in the concentration of catalase was noted in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. HC also remarkably improved the morphological appearance of the lung of bleomycin-treated rats. These results suggest that HC possesses a protective effect against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Interestingly, this protective effect was more pronounced than that of vitamin E. In conclusion, the protective effect of HC on pulmonary fibrosis could be partly associated with the reduction of oxidative damage caused by bleomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lean-Teik Ng
- Department of Biotechnology, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
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37
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Strekowski L, Wilson B. Noncovalent interactions with DNA: an overview. Mutat Res 2007; 623:3-13. [PMID: 17445837 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, intense research has focused on the effects of small organic compounds that noncovalently bind to nucleic acids. These interactions have been shown to disrupt replication and/or transcription culminating in cellular death. Accordingly, DNA binding compounds have potential applications as anti-cancer and anti-viral agents. This report provides an overview of the different DNA-binding modes with an emphasis on DNA groove specificity for the groove-binding and intercalation modes. While most DNA-interacting agents selectively bind to DNA by either groove binding or intercalation, some compounds can exhibit both binding modes. The binding mode with the most favorable free energy for complex formation depends on the DNA sequence and structural features of the bound ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucjan Strekowski
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4098, United States.
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38
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Morel F, Renoux M, Lachaume P, Alziari S. Bleomycin-induced double-strand breaks in mitochondrial DNA of Drosophila cells are repaired. Mutat Res 2007; 637:111-7. [PMID: 17825327 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2007] [Revised: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA lesions cause numerous human diseases, and it is therefore important to identify the mechanisms whereby the mitochondrion repairs the damage. We have studied in cultured Drosophila cells the repair of bleomycin-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mitochondrial DNA. Our results show that DSBs are repaired as rapidly and effectively in the mitochondria as in the nucleus. DNA repair is complete within 2h following bleomycin treatment, showing that Drosophila mitochondria have an effective system of DSB repair. The mechanism and mitochondrial proteins involved remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Morel
- Equipe Genome Mitochondrial, UMR CNRS 6547, Université Blaise-Pascal, Clermont 2, 63177, Aubière-Cedex, France
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39
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Gredicak M, Jerić I. Enediyne compounds - new promises in anticancer therapy. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2007; 57:133-50. [PMID: 17507311 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-007-0011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scientists of all kinds have long been intrigued by the nature, action and potential of natural toxins that possess exceptional antibacterial and anticancer activities. These compounds, named enediynes, are among the most effective chemotherapeutic agents known. Often compared with intelligent weapons, due to the unique structure and sophisticated mechanism by which they destroy double-helical DNA, enediyne antibiotics are nowadays the most promising leaders in the anticancer therapy. Apart from their diversity, enediyne compounds share some structural and functional similarities. One fragment of a structure is responsible for the recognition and transport, another part acts as molecular trigger while the third, reactive enediyne unit, undergoes Bergman cycloaromatization and causes DNA breakage. Members of the enediyne family are already in clinical use to treat various cancers, but more general use is limited by their complex structure, which makes them formidable targets for synthetic chemists. There are three main approaches in the design of new enediyne-related compounds: improvement of enediyne >>warheads<<, increasing the selectivity and control of chemical or photo-induced activation. This paper gives an overview of naturally occurring enediynes, their mode of action and efforts undertaken to design artificial enediyne-related DNA cleaving agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matija Gredicak
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry,10002 Zagreb, Croatia
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40
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Jalilian AR, Aboudzadeh R, Akhlaghi M, Shirazi B, Moradkhani S, Salouti M, Karimian A, Babaii MH, Raisali G. Production and biological evaluation of [201TI(III)]bleomycin. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kumar D, Hirao H, Shaik S, Kozlowski PM. Proton-shuffle mechanism of O-O activation for formation of a high-valent oxo-iron species of bleomycin. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 128:16148-58. [PMID: 17165768 DOI: 10.1021/ja064611o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycins (BLMs) can utilize H2O2 to cleave DNA in the presence of ferric ions. DFT calculations were used to study the mechanism of O-O bond cleavage in the low-spin FeIII-hydroperoxo complex of BLM. The following alternative hypotheses were investigated using realistic structural models: (a) heterolytic cleavage of the O-O bond, generating a Compound I (Cpd I) like intermediate, formally BLM-FeV=O; (b) homolytic O-O cleavage, leading to a BLM-FeIV=O species and an OH* radical; and (c) a direct O-O cleavage/H-abstraction mechanism by ABLM. The calculations showed that (a) is a facile and viable mechanism; it involves acid-base proton reshuffle mediated by the side-chain linkers of BLM, causing thereby heterolytic cleavage of the O-O bond and generation of Cpd I. Formation of Cpd I is found to involve a barrier of 13.3 kcal/mol, which is lower than the barriers in the alternative mechanisms (b and c) that possess respective barriers of 31 and 17 kcal/mol. The so-formed Cpd I species with a radical on the side-chain linker, methylvalerate (V), adjacent to the BLM-FeIV=O complex, resembles the formation of the active species of cytochrome c peroxidase in the Poulos-Kraut proton-shuffle mechanism in heme peroxidases (Poulos, T. L.; Kraut, J. J. Biol. Chem. 1980, 255, 8199-8205). Experimental data are discussed and shown to be in accord with this proposal. It suggests that the high-valence Cpd I species of BLM participates in the DNA cleavage. This is an alternative mechanistic hypothesis to the exclusive reactivity scenario based on ABLM (FeIII-OOH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Kozlowski PM, Nazarenko VV, Jarzecki AA. DFT analysis of interligand vibrations in a hydroperoxo complex of cobalt bleomycin. Inorg Chem 2007; 45:1424-6. [PMID: 16471949 DOI: 10.1021/ic051629b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) has been applied to the analysis of interligand vibrations in two chiral isomers of hydroperoxo complex of cobalt bleomycin (BLM-Co(III)-OOH, BLM = bleomycin). The DFT-based normal coordinate analysis reveals that 16O/18O isotope-sensitive modes associated with the Co-OOH moiety uniquely reflect the chiral organization of ligands around the cobalt atom. This study provides an independent probe of cobalt chirality coordinated to BLM and shows that interligand modes associated with the Co-OOH moiety could be used as a structural marker of the chiral isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel M Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA.
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van den Berg TA, Feringa BL, Roelfes G. Double strand DNA cleavage with a binuclear iron complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:180-2. [PMID: 17180239 DOI: 10.1039/b613469f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covalently linking two single strand DNA cleaving agents resulted in a new biomimetic binuclear iron complex capable of effecting oxidative double strand DNA cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieme A van den Berg
- Department of Organic and Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Toussaint M, Levasseur G, Gervais-Bird J, Wellinger RJ, Elela SA, Conconi A. A high-throughput method to measure the sensitivity of yeast cells to genotoxic agents in liquid cultures. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2006; 606:92-105. [PMID: 16713735 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Revised: 03/19/2006] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to DNA damaging agents is better represented when cells are grown in liquid media than on solid plates. However, systematic assessment of several strains that are grown in different conditions is a cumbersome undertaking. We report an assay to determine cell growth based on automatic measurements of optical densities of very small (100 microl) liquid cell cultures. Furthermore, an algorithm was elaborated to analyze large data files obtained from the cell growth curves, which are described by the growth rate--that starts at zero and accelerates to the maximal rate (mu(m))--and by the lag time (lambda). Cell dilution spot test for colony formation on solid media and the growth curve assay were used in parallel to analyze the phenotypes of cells after treatments with three different classes of DNA damaging agents (methyl methanesulfonate, bleomycin, and ultraviolet light). In these experiments the survival of the WT (wild type) and a number of DNA repair-deficient strains were compared. The results show that only the cell growth curve assay could uncover subtle phenotypes when WT cells, or mutant strains that are only weakly affected in DNA repair proficiency, were treated with low doses of cytotoxic compounds. The growth curve assay was also applied to establish whether histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases affect the resistance of yeast cells to UV irradiation. Out of 20 strains tested the sir2delta and rpd3delta cells were found to be more resistant than the WT, while gcn5delta and spt10delta cells were found to be more sensitive. This new protocol is sensitive, provides quantifiable data, offers increased screening capability and speed compared to the colony formation test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Toussaint
- Département de Microbiologie et d'Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que. J1H 5N4, Canada
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Barth K, Reh J, Sturrock A, Kasper M. Epithelial vs myofibroblast differentiation in immortal rat lung cell lines—modulating effects of bleomycin. Histochem Cell Biol 2005; 124:453-64. [PMID: 16187068 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-005-0048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two alveolar epithelial cell lines R3/1 and L2 were screened by immunocytochemical and RT-PCR analysis of epithelial and mesenchymal/contractile marker proteins. R3/1 and L2 cells were tested for their sensitivity to bleomycin (BLM), an anticancer drug, which is proposed to induce changes in lung cell differentiation. Both epithelial cell lines exhibited a mixed phenotype consisting of epithelial (E-cadherin, aquaporin-5 and cytokeratin 8) and myofibroblast-like (vimentin, alpha-SMA and caveolin-3) properties suggesting that the cell lines are arrested in vitro at a certain developmental stage during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). BLM treatment of R3/1 cells resulted in a partial reversal of this process modifying the cells in an epithelial direction, e.g., upregulation of E-cadherin, aquaporin-5 and other lung epithelial antigens at the mRNA and protein level. L2 cells showed similar alterations following BLM exposure.Immunohistochemical investigation of lung tissue from two different animal models of BLM-induced fibrosis (mouse and rat), revealed no signs of EMT, e.g., myofibroblastic differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells in situ. Immunohistological analysis of tissue samples of the rat model showed a heterogeneous population of myofibroblasts (alpha-SMA+/caveolin-3+, alpha-SMA-/caveolin-3+, and alpha-SMA+/caveolin-3-). These results suggest that BLM, on one hand, induces fibrosis and on the other hand possibly suppresses EMT during fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Barth
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fiedlerstr. 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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Abstract
Hydrogel nanospheres composed of methacrylic acid and poly(ethylene glycol) were loaded with bleomycin and tested as a potential oral delivery system for chemotherapeutic agents. The gastrointestinal epithelium was modeled through the use of Caco-2 monolayers for studies of permeation enhancement by the carriers as well as bleomycin transport. Bleomycin efficacy following release from the carrier was evaluated with a DLD-1 tumor cell model. The nanospheres release bleomycin in response to a pH increase similar to that seen when passing from the stomach into the upper small intestine. These carriers can also increase the permeability of a model of the epithelial barrier, which would hopefully improve drug transport into the bloodstream. Efficacy studies using a tumor cell model showed retention of activity for bleomycin following loading and release from the nanospheres. The carriers described performed well during in vitro evaluation and can hopefully expand the spectrum of chemotherapeutic agents capable of being administered orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Blanchette
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin Texas 78712-0231, USA
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Kryatov SV, Rybak-Akimova EV, Schindler S. Kinetics and Mechanisms of Formation and Reactivity of Non-heme Iron Oxygen Intermediates. Chem Rev 2005; 105:2175-226. [PMID: 15941212 DOI: 10.1021/cr030709z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Kryatov
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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Decker A, Solomon EI. Dioxygen activation by copper, heme and non-heme iron enzymes: comparison of electronic structures and reactivities. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2005; 9:152-63. [PMID: 15811799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes containing heme, non-heme iron and copper active sites play important roles in the activation of dioxygen for substrate oxidation. One key reaction step is CH bond cleavage through H-atom abstraction. On the basis of the ligand environment and the redox properties of the metal, these enzymes employ different methods of dioxygen activation. Heme enzymes are able to stabilize the very reactive iron(IV)-oxo porphyrin-radical intermediate. This is generally not accessible for non-heme iron systems, which can instead use low-spin ferric-hydroperoxo and iron(IV)-oxo species as reactive oxidants. Copper enzymes employ still a different strategy and achieve H-atom abstraction potentially through a superoxo intermediate. This review compares and contrasts the electronic structures and reactivities of these various oxygen intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Decker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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