1
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Zhao H. Recent advances in enzymatic carbon-carbon bond formation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:25932-25974. [PMID: 39161440 PMCID: PMC11331486 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03885a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic carbon-carbon (C-C) bond formation reactions have become an effective and invaluable tool for designing new biological and medicinal molecules, often with asymmetric features. This review provides a systematic overview of key C-C bond formation reactions and enzymes, with the focus of reaction mechanisms and recent advances. These reactions include the aldol reaction, Henry reaction, Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, Mannich reaction, Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, acyloin condensations via Thiamine Diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent enzymes, oxidative and reductive C-C bond formation, C-C bond formation through C1 resource utilization, radical enzymes for C-C bond formation, and other C-C bond formation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota St. Paul MN 55108 USA
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2
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Shahbazi R, Behbahani FK. Synthesis, modifications, and applications of iron-based nanoparticles. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-023-10801-9. [PMID: 38740610 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are appealing materials as assistant to resolve environmental pollution issues and as recyclable catalysts for the oxidative degradation of resistant contaminants. Moreover, they can significantly influence the advancement of medical applications for imaging, diagnostics, medication administration, and biosensing. On the other hand, due to unique features, excellent biocompatibility, high curie temperatures and low cytotoxicity of the Iron-based nanoparticles, they have received increasing attention in recent years. Using an external magnetic field, in which the ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) in the reaction mixtures can be easily removed, make them more efficient approach than the conventional method for separating the catalyst particles by centrifugation or filtration. Ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) provide various advantages in food processing, environmental issues, pharmaceutical industry, sample preparation, wastewater management, water purification, illness therapy, identification of disease, tissue engineering, and biosensor creation for healthcare monitoring. Modification of FMNPs with the proper functional groups and surface modification techniques play a significant role in boosting their capability. Due to flexibility of FMNPs in functionalization and synthesis, it is possible to make customized FMNPs that can be utilized in variety of applications. This review focuses on synthesis, modifications, and applications of Iron-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Shahbazi
- Department of Chemistry, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
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3
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Kolagkis PX, Galathri EM, Kokotos CG. Green and sustainable approaches for the Friedel-Crafts reaction between aldehydes and indoles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:379-426. [PMID: 38410780 PMCID: PMC10896228 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of indoles and their derivatives, more specifically bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs), has been an area of great interest in organic chemistry, since these compounds exhibit a range of interesting biological and pharmacological properties. BIMs are naturally found in cruciferous vegetables and have been shown to be effective antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and even anticancer agents. Traditionally, the synthesis of BIMs has been achieved upon the acidic condensation of an aldehyde with indole, utilizing a variety of protic or Lewis acids. However, due to the increased environmental awareness of our society, the focus has shifted towards the development of greener synthetic technologies, like photocatalysis, organocatalysis, the use of nanocatalysts, microwave irradiation, ball milling, continuous flow, and many more. Thus, in this review, we summarize the medicinal properties of BIMs and the developed BIM synthetic protocols, utilizing the reaction between aldehydes with indoles, while focusing on the more environmentally friendly methods developed over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periklis X Kolagkis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 15771, Greece
| | - Eirini M Galathri
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 15771, Greece
| | - Christoforos G Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 15771, Greece
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4
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Navaser A, Kalhor HR, Hayati F. Developing and enhancing promiscuous activity for NAD(P)H-dependent flavin reductase via elimination of cofactor. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19315. [PMID: 37809429 PMCID: PMC10558354 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Promiscuous enzymes have shown their synthetic abilities in generating various organic compounds with high selectively and efficiency under mild conditions. Therefore, the design and development of conditions to raise promiscuity to the enzymes have been under the spotlight in recent years. Flavin reductase, that reduces flavins by using NADH as a cofactor, has not been studied in promiscuous reactions. In the present study, it was aimed to develop a catalytic promiscuous activity in the recombinant E.coli flavin reductase by removing its cofactor. The flavin reductase demonstrated a promiscuous activity for Knoevenagel condensation and Michael addition reactions individually. The cofactor-independent promiscuous activity of the flavin reductase was further enhanced by altering the reaction conditions to proceed a Knoevenagel-Michael addition cascade for tetraketone synthesis. Yet, the presence of the cofactor blocked the promiscuous Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, and therefore the cascade reaction, demonstrating that the removal of NADH was pivotal in inducing the promiscuous activity. Furthermore, molecular docking and MD simulations were performed to obtain more structural and mechanistic details of the transformation. The computational studies identified the most likely catalytic sites of the flavin reductase in the reaction. Additionally, a truncated variant of the enzyme that lacked 28 residues from the C-terminus displayed comparable activity to the wild-type enzyme, indicating the robustness of the enzyme in performing the cascade reaction. In brief, the cofactor-elimination method presented in this work could be considered as a straightforward and economical approach for inducing enzyme promiscuity in promoting organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amene Navaser
- Biochemistry and Chemical Biology Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid R. Kalhor
- Biochemistry and Chemical Biology Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hayati
- Biochemistry and Chemical Biology Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Sannelli F, Sindahl NC, Warthegau SS, Jensen PR, Meier S. Conversion of Similar Xenochemicals to Dissimilar Products: Exploiting Competing Reactions in Whole-Cell Catalysis. Molecules 2023; 28:5157. [PMID: 37446819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many enzymes have latent activities that can be used in the conversion of non-natural reactants for novel organic conversions. A classic example is the conversion of benzaldehyde to a phenylacetyl carbinol, a precursor for ephedrine manufacture. It is often tacitly assumed that purified enzymes are more promising catalysts than whole cells, despite the lower cost and easier maintenance of the latter. Competing substrates inside the cell have been known to elicit currently hard-to-predict selectivities that are not easily measured inside the living cell. We employ NMR spectroscopic assays to rationally combine isomers for selective reactions in commercial S. cerevisiae. This approach uses internal competition between alternative pathways of aldehyde clearance in yeast, leading to altered selectivities compared to catalysis with the purified enzyme. In this manner, 4-fluorobenzyl alcohol and 2-fluorophenylacetyl carbinol can be formed with selectivities in the order of 90%. Modification of the cellular redox state can be used to tune product composition further. Hyperpolarized NMR shows that the cellular reaction and pathway usage are affected by the xenochemical. Overall, we find that the rational construction of ternary or more complex substrate mixtures can be used for in-cell NMR spectroscopy to optimize the upgrading of similar xenochemicals to dissimilar products with cheap whole-cell catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sannelli
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Bygning 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nikoline Corell Sindahl
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Bygning 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stefan S Warthegau
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Bygning 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pernille Rose Jensen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 349, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Meier
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Bygning 207, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Fansher DJ, Palmer DRJ. A Type 1 Aldolase, NahE, Catalyzes a Stereoselective Nitro-Michael Reaction: Synthesis of β-Aryl-γ-nitrobutyric Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214539. [PMID: 36484780 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Michael addition reactions are highly useful in organic synthesis and are commonly accomplished using organocatalysts. However, the corresponding biocatalytic Michael additions are rare, typically lack synthetically useful substrate scope, and suffer from low stereoselectivity. Herein we report a biocatalytic nitro-Michael addition, catalyzed by NahE, that proceeds with low catalyst loading at room temperature in moderate to excellent enantioselectivity and high yields. A series of β-nitrostyrenes reacted with pyruvate in the presence of NahE to give, after oxidative decarboxylation, β-aryl-γ-nitrobutyric acids in up to 99 % yield without need for chromatography, providing a simple preparative-scale route to chiral GABA analogues. This reaction represents the first example of an aldolase displaying promiscuous Michaelase activity and opens the use of nitroalkenes in place of aldehydes as substrates for aldolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J Fansher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - David R J Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5C9, Canada
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7
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Liang Y, Zhao J, Yang Y, Hung SF, Li J, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Zhang A, Wang C, Appadoo D, Zhang L, Geng Z, Li F, Zeng J. Stabilizing copper sites in coordination polymers toward efficient electrochemical C-C coupling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:474. [PMID: 36710270 PMCID: PMC9884666 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroreduction of carbon dioxide with renewable electricity holds promise for achieving net-zero carbon emissions. Single-site catalysts have been reported to catalyze carbon-carbon (C-C) coupling-the indispensable step for more valuable multi-carbon (C2+) products-but were proven to be transformed in situ to metallic agglomerations under working conditions. Here, we report a stable single-site copper coordination polymer (Cu(OH)BTA) with periodic neighboring coppers and it exhibits 1.5 times increase of C2H4 selectivity compared to its metallic counterpart at 500 mA cm-2. In-situ/operando X-ray absorption, Raman, and infrared spectroscopies reveal that the catalyst remains structurally stable and does not undergo a dynamic transformation during reaction. Electrochemical and kinetic isotope effect analyses together with computational calculations show that neighboring Cu in the polymer provides suitably-distanced dual sites that enable the energetically favorable formation of an *OCCHO intermediate post a rate-determining step of CO hydrogenation. Accommodation of this intermediate imposes little changes of conformational energy to the catalyst structure during the C-C coupling. We stably operate full-device CO2 electrolysis at an industry-relevant current of one ampere for 67 h in a membrane electrode assembly. The coordination polymers provide a perspective on designing molecularly stable, single-site catalysts for electrochemical CO2 conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Liang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jiankang Zhao
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Sung-Fu Hung
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300 Taiwan
| | - Jun Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Yong Zhao
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - An Zhang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Dominique Appadoo
- grid.248753.f0000 0004 0562 0567Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Geng
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Fengwang Li
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Jie Zeng
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P. R. China
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8
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Albumin-catalysed synthesis of flavanones. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Trypsin-catalyzed aldol reactions of isatins with ketones and the mechanism probe of substrate selectivity by molecular simulations. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Abstract
The application of biocatalysis in conquering challenging synthesis requires the constant input of new enzymes. Developing novel biocatalysts by absorbing catalysis modes from synthetic chemistry has yielded fruitful new-to-nature enzymes. Organocatalysis was originally bio-inspired and has become the third pillar of asymmetric catalysis. Transferring organocatalytic reactions back to enzyme platforms is a promising approach for biocatalyst creation. Herein, we summarize recent developments in the design of novel biocatalysts that adopt iminium catalysis, a fundamental branch in organocatalysis. By repurposing existing enzymes or constructing artificial enzymes, various biocatalysts for iminium catalysis have been created and optimized via protein engineering to promote valuable abiological transformations. Recent advances in iminium biocatalysis illustrate the power of combining chemomimetic biocatalyst design and directed evolution to generate useful new-to-nature enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Xu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AV GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AV GroningenThe Netherlands
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11
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Recent developments in promiscuous enzymatic reactions for carbon-nitrogen bond formation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106014. [PMID: 35841668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalytic promiscuity is a new field of enzyme application in biochemistry, which has received much attention and has developed rapidly in recent years. The promiscuous biocatalysis has been promoted as a useful supplement to traditional strategy for the formation of C-heteroatom bonds. The generation of carbon-nitrogen (CN) bonds is an important issue in synthetic chemistry and is indispensable for the manufacturing of various pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Therefore, numerous efficient and reliable synthetic methods for the formation of CN bonds have been developed in recent years. Enzymatic CN bond forming reactions catalyzed by lipases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, glycosyltransferases, amine dehydrogenases, proteases, acylases, amylases and halohydrin dehalogenases are well established for synthetic purposes. This review introduces the recent progress in the construction of CN bonds using promiscuous enzymes.
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12
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Xu G, Poelarends GJ. Unlocking New Reactivities in Enzymes by Iminium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangcai Xu
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology NETHERLANDS
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- University of Groningen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen NETHERLANDS
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13
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Patti A, Sanfilippo C. Stereoselective Promiscuous Reactions Catalyzed by Lipases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052675. [PMID: 35269815 PMCID: PMC8910291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of lipases to display activity beyond their physiological reactions, so-called "catalytic promiscuity", has gained increasing interest in the last two decades as an important tool for expanding the application of these enzymes in organic synthesis. Some lipases have been shown to be effective in catalyzing a variety of C-C bond formation reactions and most of the investigations have been directed to the optimization of the products yield through a careful tuning of the experimental parameters. Despite the fact that new stereogenic carbons are formed in many of the tested reactions, the target products have been often obtained in racemic form and examples of an efficient asymmetric induction by the used lipases are quite limited. The aim of this review, mainly focused on those lipase-catalyzed promiscuous reactions in which optically active products have been obtained, is to offer a current state of art together with a perspective in this field of asymmetric synthesis.
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14
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Johari S, Johan MR, Khaligh NG. An Overview of Metal-free Sustainable Nitrogen-based Catalytic Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction . Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2164-2186. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00135g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Knoevenagel condensation reaction counts as a vital condensation in organic chemistry due to the synthesis of valuable intermediates, heterocycles, and fine chemicals from commercially available reactants through forming new C=C...
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15
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Kunzendorf A, Xu G, van der Velde JJH, Rozeboom H, Thunnissen AMWH, Poelarends GJ. Unlocking Asymmetric Michael Additions in an Archetypical Class I Aldolase by Directed Evolution. ACS Catal 2021; 11:13236-13243. [PMID: 34765282 PMCID: PMC8576802 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Class I aldolases catalyze asymmetric aldol addition reactions and have found extensive application in the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral β-hydroxy-carbonyl compounds. However, the usefulness of these powerful enzymes for application in other C-C bond-forming reactions remains thus far unexplored. The redesign of class I aldolases to expand their catalytic repertoire to include non-native carboligation reactions therefore continues to be a major challenge. Here, we report the successful redesign of 2-deoxy-d-ribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) from Escherichia coli, an archetypical class I aldolase, to proficiently catalyze enantioselective Michael additions of nitromethane to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes to yield various pharmaceutically relevant chiral synthons. After 11 rounds of directed evolution, the redesigned DERA enzyme (DERA-MA) carried 12 amino-acid substitutions and had an impressive 190-fold enhancement in catalytic activity compared to the wildtype enzyme. The high catalytic efficiency of DERA-MA for this abiological reaction makes it a proficient "Michaelase" with potential for biocatalytic application. Crystallographic analysis provides a structural context for the evolved activity. Whereas an aldolase acts naturally by activating the enzyme-bound substrate as a nucleophile (enamine-based mechanism), DERA-MA instead acts by activating the enzyme-bound substrate as an electrophile (iminium-based mechanism). This work demonstrates the power of directed evolution to expand the reaction scope of natural aldolases to include asymmetric Michael addition reactions and presents opportunities to explore iminium catalysis with DERA-derived catalysts inspired by developments in the organocatalysis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kunzendorf
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guangcai Xu
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesse J. H. van der Velde
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henriëtte
J. Rozeboom
- Molecular
Enzymology Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology
Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andy-Mark W. H. Thunnissen
- Molecular
Enzymology Group, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology
Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Kunzendorf A, Xu G, Saifuddin M, Saravanan T, Poelarends GJ. Biocatalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanations via Enzyme‐Bound Iminium Ion Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kunzendorf
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Guangcai Xu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Saifuddin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
- Present address: Molecular Enzymology Group University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Thangavelu Saravanan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
- Present address: School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad P.O. Central University, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands
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17
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Kunzendorf A, Xu G, Saifuddin M, Saravanan T, Poelarends GJ. Biocatalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanations via Enzyme-Bound Iminium Ion Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24059-24063. [PMID: 34490955 PMCID: PMC8596749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopropane rings are an important structural motif frequently found in many natural products and pharmaceuticals. Commonly, biocatalytic methodologies for the asymmetric synthesis of cyclopropanes rely on repurposed or artificial heme enzymes. Here, we engineered an unusual cofactor‐independent cyclopropanation enzyme based on a promiscuous tautomerase for the enantioselective synthesis of various cyclopropanes via the nucleophilic addition of diethyl 2‐chloromalonate to α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes. The engineered enzyme promotes formation of the two new carbon‐carbon bonds with excellent stereocontrol over both stereocenters, affording the desired cyclopropanes with high diastereo‐ and enantiopurity (d.r. up to 25:1; e.r. up to 99:1). Our results highlight the usefulness of promiscuous enzymes for expanding the biocatalytic repertoire for non‐natural reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kunzendorf
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guangcai Xu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Saifuddin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Present address: Molecular Enzymology Group, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thangavelu Saravanan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Present address: School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Gerrit J Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Bertuletti S, Bayout I, Bassanini I, Ferrandi EE, Bouzemi N, Monti D, Riva S. Biocatalytic Approaches to the Enantiomers of Wieland–Miescher Ketone and its Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Bertuletti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Mario Bianco 9 Milano 20131 Italy
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department University of Milan Via Mangiagalli 25 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Ikram Bayout
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Mario Bianco 9 Milano 20131 Italy
- Ecocompatible Asymmetric Catalysis Laboratory (LCAE). Badji Mokhtar Annaba-University BP12 Annaba 23000 Algeria
| | - Ivan Bassanini
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Mario Bianco 9 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Erica E. Ferrandi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Mario Bianco 9 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Nassima Bouzemi
- Ecocompatible Asymmetric Catalysis Laboratory (LCAE). Badji Mokhtar Annaba-University BP12 Annaba 23000 Algeria
| | - Daniela Monti
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Mario Bianco 9 Milano 20131 Italy
| | - Sergio Riva
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Mario Bianco 9 Milano 20131 Italy
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19
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Hall M. Enzymatic strategies for asymmetric synthesis. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:958-989. [PMID: 34458820 PMCID: PMC8341948 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00080b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes, at the turn of the 21st century, are gaining a momentum. Especially in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, a broad variety of biocatalysts are being applied in an increasing number of processes running at up to industrial scale. In addition to the advantages of employing enzymes under environmentally friendly reaction conditions, synthetic chemists are recognizing the value of enzymes connected to the exquisite selectivity of these natural (or engineered) catalysts. The use of hydrolases in enantioselective protocols paved the way to the application of enzymes in asymmetric synthesis, in particular in the context of biocatalytic (dynamic) kinetic resolutions. After two decades of impressive development, the field is now mature to propose a panel of catalytically diverse enzymes for (i) stereoselective reactions with prochiral compounds, such as double bond reduction and bond forming reactions, (ii) formal enantioselective replacement of one of two enantiotopic groups of prochiral substrates, as well as (iii) atroposelective reactions with noncentrally chiral compounds. In this review, the major enzymatic strategies broadly applicable in the asymmetric synthesis of optically pure chiral compounds are presented, with a focus on the reactions developed within the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hall
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz Austria
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20
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Medina FE, Prejanò M. Water Molecules Allow the Intramolecular Activation of the Thiamine Di-Phosphate Cofactor in Human Transketolase: Mechanistic Insights into a Famous Proposal. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola E. Medina
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano, Talcahuano 7100, Chile
| | - Mario Prejanò
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
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21
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Wang Y, Wang N. Hydrolase-Catalyzed Promiscuous Reactions and Applications in Organic Synthesis. Mol Biotechnol 2021. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The potential of biocatalysis becomes increasingly recognized as an efficient and green tool for modern organic synthesis. Biocatalytic promiscuity, a new frontier extended the use of enzymes in organic synthesis, has attracted much attention and expanded rapidly in the past decade. It focuses on the enzyme catalytic activities with unnatural substrates and alternative chemical transformations. Exploiting enzyme catalytic unconventional reactions might lead to improvements in existing catalysts and provide novel synthesis pathways that are currently not available. Among these enzymes, hydrolase (such as lipase, protease, acylase) undoubtedly has received special attention since they display remarkable activities for some unexpected reactions such as aldol reaction and other novel carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions. This chapter introduces the recent progress in hydrolase catalytic unconventional reactions and application in organic synthesis. Some important examples of hydrolase catalytic unconventional reactions in addition reactions are reviewed, highlighting the catalytic promiscuity of hydrolases focuses on aldol reaction, Michael addition, and multicomponent reactions.
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22
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Guo C, Ni Y, Biewenga L, Pijning T, Thunnissen AWH, Poelarends GJ. Using Mutability Landscapes To Guide Enzyme Thermostabilization. Chembiochem 2021; 22:170-175. [PMID: 32790123 PMCID: PMC7821111 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Thermostabilizing enzymes while retaining their activity and enantioselectivity for applied biocatalysis is an important topic in protein engineering. Rational and computational design strategies as well as directed evolution have been used successfully to thermostabilize enzymes. Herein, we describe an alternative mutability-landscape approach that identified three single mutations (R11Y, R11I and A33D) within the enzyme 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4-OT), which has potential as a biocatalyst for pharmaceutical synthesis, that gave rise to significant increases in apparent melting temperature Tm (up to 20 °C) and in half-life at 80 °C (up to 111-fold). Introduction of these beneficial mutations in an enantioselective but thermolabile 4-OT variant (M45Y/F50A) afforded improved triple-mutant enzyme variants showing an up to 39 °C increase in Tm value, with no reduction in catalytic activity or enantioselectivity. This study illustrates the power of mutability-landscape-guided protein engineering for thermostabilizing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningen (TheNetherlands
| | - Yan Ni
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningen (TheNetherlands
- Present address: Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven (TheNetherlands
| | - Lieuwe Biewenga
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningen (TheNetherlands
- Present address: Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven (TheNetherlands
| | - Tjaard Pijning
- Structural Biology GroupGroningen Institute of Biomolecular Sciences and BiotechnologyUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningen (TheNetherlands
| | - Andy‐Mark W. H. Thunnissen
- Molecular Enzymology Group Groningen Institute of Biomolecular Sciences and BiotechnologyUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningen (TheNetherlands
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningen (TheNetherlands
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23
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Bavandi H, Habibi Z, Yousefi M. Porcine pancreas lipase as a green catalyst for synthesis of bis-4-hydroxy coumarins. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Abstract
Lipases, a versatile class of biocatalysts, have been shown to function in non-aqueous media/organic solvents and to possess “promiscuous” catalytic activity for a wide range of organic transformations. In this study, we explored the biocatalytic properties of a library of commercially available lipases by screening them for catalysis of a one-pot synthesis of Wieland–Miescher ketone, an important intermediate in the synthesis of biologically active compounds such as steroids and terpenoids, from methyl vinyl ketone and 2-methyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione. As a direct outgrowth of this screen, we created an optimized procedure for Wieland–Miescher ketone (WMK) synthesis using crude lipase preparations, characterizing both reaction yield and enantiomeric excess. We also identified principal components of the crude lipase mixture through proteomics and present evidence for a non-lipolytic origin of the observed catalysis. Finally, using the optimized conditions developed in this study, we propose a general absorbance-based screening methodology for assessing biocatalytic potential of crude enzyme preparations for synthesis of WMK.
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25
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Campisciano V, Burger R, Calabrese C, Liotta LF, Lo Meo P, Gruttadauria M, Giacalone F. Straightforward preparation of highly loaded MWCNT-polyamine hybrids and their application in catalysis. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4199-4211. [PMID: 36132762 PMCID: PMC9417923 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00291g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were easily and efficiently functionalised with highly cross-linked polyamines. The radical polymerisation of two bis-vinylimidazolium salts in the presence of pristine MWCNTs and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as a radical initiator led to the formation of materials with a high functionalisation degree. The subsequent treatment with sodium borohydride gave rise to the reduction of imidazolium moieties with the concomitant formation of secondary and tertiary amino groups. The obtained materials were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis, solid state 13C-NMR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), potentiometric titration, and temperature programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (CO2-TPD). One of the prepared materials was tested as a heterogeneous base catalyst in C-C bond forming reactions such as the Knoevenagel condensation and Henry reaction. Furthermore, two examples concerning a sequential one-pot approach involving two consecutive reactions, namely Knoevenagel and Michael reactions, were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Campisciano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - René Burger
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences von-Liebig-Strasse 20 D-53359 Rheinbach Germany
| | - Carla Calabrese
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Leonarda Francesca Liotta
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati ISMN-CNR Via Ugo La Malfa, 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Paolo Lo Meo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Michelangelo Gruttadauria
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
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26
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Zetzsche LE, Narayan ARH. Broadening the scope of biocatalytic C-C bond formation. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:334-346. [PMID: 34430708 PMCID: PMC8382263 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-0191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The impeccable control over chemo-, site-, and stereoselectivity possible in enzymatic reactions has led to a surge in the development of new biocatalytic methods. Despite carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds providing the central framework for organic molecules, development of biocatalytic methods for their formation has been largely confined to the use of a select few lyases over the last several decades, limiting the types of C-C bond-forming transformations possible through biocatalytic methods. This Review provides an update on the suite of enzymes available for highly selective biocatalytic C-C bond formation. Examples will be discussed in reference to the (1) native activity of enzymes, (2) alteration of activity through protein or substrate engineering for broader applicability, and (3) utility of the biocatalyst for abiotic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara E. Zetzsche
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alison R. H. Narayan
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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27
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Zhou S, Hao T, Xu S, Deng Y. Coenzyme A thioester-mediated carbon chain elongation as a paintbrush to draw colorful chemical compounds. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107575. [PMID: 32512221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of various useful chemicals from simple substrates using industrial microorganisms is becoming increasingly crucial to address the challenge of dwindling non-renewable resources. As the most common intermediate substrates in organisms, Coenzyme A (CoA) thioesters play a central role in the carbon chain elongation process of their products. As a result, numerous of chemicals can be synthesized by the iterative addition of various CoA thioester extender units at a given CoA thioester primer backbone. However, these elongation reactions and the product yields are still restricted due to the low enzymatic performance and supply of CoA thioesters. This review highlights the current protein and metabolic engineering strategies used to enhance the diversity and product yield by coupling different primers, extender units, enzymes, and termination pathways, in an attempt to provide a road map for producing a more diverse range of industrial chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghu Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Tingting Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shumin Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yu Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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28
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One-pot cascade synthesis of benzopyrans and dihydropyrano[c]chromenes catalyzed by lipase TLIM. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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29
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Xie ZB, Fu LH, Meng J, Lan J, Hu ZY, Le ZG. Efficient biocatalytic strategy for one-pot Biginelli reaction via enhanced specific effects of microwave in a circulating reactor. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:103949. [PMID: 32531507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot efficient biocatalytic strategy for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones was developed in a circulating microwave reactor selecting α-chymotrypsin as the promiscuous biocatalyst. In the circulating reaction system, the combination of microwave heating and external cooling could avoid the denaturation and inactivation of enzyme, and greatly improved the radiation power of microwave, thus improving the specific effects of microwave. During the reaction process, the microwave radiation power was automatically adjusted by adjusting the speed of the reaction mixture circulation. When the microwave power was maintained at 110 W, the best results could be obtained with the highest yield of 96% at 55 °C in 50 min, and the reaction had a wide range of substrates. But no obvious product was detected in a tank microwave reactor at 55 °C for 100 min, under this condition, the microwave power was maintained at about 3 W. As a contrast, the reaction only obtained 63% yield in 55 °C oil bath for 96 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Bo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, School of nuclear science and engineering, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China; Department of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
| | - Lei-Han Fu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Jin Lan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yu Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Zhang-Gao Le
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, School of nuclear science and engineering, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China; Department of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Technology, 418 Guanglan Road, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
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30
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Liu J, Zhao W, Zhang L, Zhang M, Chen Y, Xu Y, Li Y, Wang L. Synthesis of substituted 2H-chromenes catalyzed by lipase immobilized on magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:411-416. [PMID: 32415742 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) was immobilized on magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes successfully for the synthesis of substituted 2H-chromenes. The catalytic activity of immobilized PPL was much higher than that of free PPL. Effects of reaction medium, temperature, and enzyme dosage were also investigated. Under optimum reaction conditions (acetylacetone (1 mmol), salicylaldehyde (1 equivalent), methanol (10 equivalent), and immobilized PPL (protein content: 30 mg; 65 °C; DMF 5 mL; 5 H), the immobilized PPL showed an excellent catalytic performance on the synthesis of substituted 2H-chromenes. Moreover, the immobilized PPL exhibited satisfactory thermostability, operational simplicity, and reusability in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - You Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Li
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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31
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Bioaldehydes and beyond: Expanding the realm of bioderived chemicals using biogenic aldehydes as platforms. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 59:37-46. [PMID: 32454426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Biofuels and biochemicals derived from renewable resources are sconsidered as potential solutions for the energy crisis and associated environmental problems that human beings are facing today. However, so far the available types of bioderived chemicals are rather limited, and production efficiency is generally low. Expanding the realm of bioderived chemicals and relevant derivatives can help motivate the development of bioenergy and the general bioeconomy. Aldehydes, possessing unique reactivity, hold great promise as platform chemicals for producing a large portfolio of bioproducts. In this review, we focus on production of aldehydes from renewable bioresources and derivatization of aldehydes through chemocatalysis, biocatalysis, or de novo biosynthesis. Perspectives on combining protein engineering and cascade reactions for advanced aldehyde derivatization are also provided.
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32
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Zhang Z, Yang D, Wang J, Huo J, Zhang J. Studies on the interactions between nicosulfuron and degradation enzymes. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Żądło-Dobrowolska A, Hammerer L, Pavkov-Keller T, Gruber K, Kroutil W. Rational Engineered C-Acyltransferase Transforms Sterically Demanding Acyl Donors. ACS Catal 2020; 10:1094-1101. [PMID: 32030315 PMCID: PMC6996649 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The biocatalytic Friedel-Crafts acylation has been identified recently for the acetylation of resorcinol using activated acetic acid esters for the synthesis of acetophenone derivatives catalyzed by an acyltransferase. Because the wild-type enzyme is limited to acetic and propionic derivatives as the substrate, variants were designed to extend the substrate scope of this enzyme. By rational protein engineering, the key residue in the active site was identified which can be replaced to allow binding of bulkier acyl moieties. The single-point variant F148V enabled the transformation of previously inaccessible medium chain length alkyl and alkoxyalkyl carboxylic esters as donor substrates with up to 99% conversion and up to >99% isolated yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Żądło-Dobrowolska
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz,
BioTechMed Graz, Heinrichstrasse
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lucas Hammerer
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz,
BioTechMed Graz, Heinrichstrasse
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- ACIB
GmbH, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tea Pavkov-Keller
- Institute
of Molecular Biosciences, University of
Graz, Humboldtstrasse
50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Gruber
- Institute
of Molecular Biosciences, University of
Graz, Humboldtstrasse
50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz,
BioTechMed Graz, Heinrichstrasse
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- ACIB
GmbH, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
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34
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Sheng X, Kazemi M, Żądło-Dobrowolska A, Kroutil W, Himo F. Mechanism of Biocatalytic Friedel-Crafts Acylation by Acyltransferase from Pseudomonas protegens. ACS Catal 2020; 10:570-577. [PMID: 31929947 PMCID: PMC6945686 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
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Acyltransferases isolated from Pseudomonas
protegens (PpATase) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (PfATase)
have recently been reported to catalyze
the Friedel–Crafts acylation, providing a biological version
of this classical organic reaction. These enzymes catalyze the cofactor-independent
acylation of monoacetylphloroglucinol (MAPG) to diacetylphloroglucinol
(DAPG) and phloroglucinol (PG) and have been demonstrated to have
a wide substrate scope, making them valuable for potential applications
in biocatalysis. Herein, we present a detailed reaction mechanism
of PpATase on the basis of quantum chemical calculations,
employing a large model of the active site. The proposed mechanism
is consistent with available kinetics, mutagenesis, and structural
data. The roles of various active site residues are analyzed. Very
importantly, the Asp137 residue, located more than 10 Å from
the substrate, is predicted to be the proton source for the protonation
of the substrate in the rate-determining step. This key prediction
is corroborated by site-directed mutagenesis experiments. Based on
the current calculations, the regioselectivity of PpATase and its specificity toward non-natural substrates can be rationalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sheng
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masoud Kazemi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Żądło-Dobrowolska
- Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Fu Y, Lu Z, Fang K, He X, Xu H, Hu Y. Enzymatic approach to cascade synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes in pure water. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10848-10853. [PMID: 35492907 PMCID: PMC9050360 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10014h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
TLIM: lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus immobilized on particle silica gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Zeping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Ke Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xinyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Huajin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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36
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Koszelewski D, Ostaszewski R. The studies on chemoselective promiscuous activity of hydrolases on acylals transformations. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:102825. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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37
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Le Z, Lu Y, Jiang G, Liu Y, Liu J, Xie Z. α‐Chymotrypsin–catalyzed direct C (Sp 3)–H functionalization reactions for synthesis of azaarene derivatives in water. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang‐Gao Le
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and EnvironmentEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
- Department of Applied ChemistryEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
| | - Yue Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and EnvironmentEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
- Department of Applied ChemistryEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
| | - Guo‐Fang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and EnvironmentEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
- Department of Applied ChemistryEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
| | - Yi‐Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and EnvironmentEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
- Department of Applied ChemistryEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and EnvironmentEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
- Department of Applied ChemistryEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
| | - Zong‐Bo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and EnvironmentEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
- Department of Applied ChemistryEast China University of Technology Nanchang China
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38
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Bovine serum albumin-catalysed cross aldol condensation: Influence of ketone structure. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Janicki I, Łyżwa P, Kiełbasiński P. The first enzyme-promoted addition of nitromethane to imines (aza-Henry reaction). Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103377. [PMID: 31662211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme catalytic promiscuity is the ability of a single enzyme active site to catalyze several chemical transformations, among them those which are different from natural. We have attempted to use this feature of enzymes in the nucleophilic addition of nitromethane to aldimines (the aza-Henry reaction) whose chemically catalyzed version leads to synthetically useful β-nitroamines. We succeded in obtaining for the first time the desired products in the yields up to 81%. The most efficient proved lipase TL (from Pseudomonas stutzeri) and oxynitrilase from Arabidopsis thaliana. However, all the reactions investigated were non-stereoselective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacy Janicki
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Łyżwa
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Kiełbasiński
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland.
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40
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Romney DK, Sarai NS, Arnold FH. Nitroalkanes as Versatile Nucleophiles for Enzymatic Synthesis of Noncanonical Amino Acids. ACS Catal 2019; 9:8726-8730. [PMID: 33274115 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-C bond-forming reactions often require nucleophilic carbon species rarely compatible with aqueous reaction media, thus restricting their appearance in biocatalysis. Here we report the use of nitroalkanes as a structurally versatile class of nucleophilic substrates for C-C bond formation catalyzed by variants of the β-subunit of tryptophan synthase (TrpB). The enzymes accept a wide range of nitroalkanes to form noncanonical amino acids, here the nitro group can serve as a handle for further modification. Using nitroalkane nucleophiles greatly expands the scope of compounds made by TrpB variants and establishes nitroalkanes as a valuable substrate class for biocatalytic C-C bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K. Romney
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 210-41, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Sarai
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 210-41, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Frances H. Arnold
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 210-41, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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41
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Rodrigues RC, Virgen-Ortíz JJ, dos Santos JC, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Alcantara AR, Barbosa O, Ortiz C, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of lipases on hydrophobic supports: immobilization mechanism, advantages, problems, and solutions. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:746-770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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42
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Yang X, Chen Y, Yao S, Qian J, Guo H, Cai X. Preparation of immobilized lipase on magnetic nanoparticles dialdehyde starch. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 218:324-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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43
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Promiscuous enzyme-catalyzed cascade reaction in water: Synthesis of dicoumarol derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1236-1240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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44
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Koszelewski D, Ostaszewski R. Biocatalytic Promiscuity of Lipases in Carbon‐Phosphorus Bond Formation. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Koszelewski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ryszard Ostaszewski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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45
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Cirujano FG. Engineered MOFs and Enzymes for the Synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco G. Cirujano
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and CatalysisKU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
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46
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Mayer C. Selection, Addiction and Catalysis: Emerging Trends for the Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids into Peptides and Proteins in Vivo. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1357-1364. [PMID: 30618145 PMCID: PMC6563710 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Expanding the genetic code of organisms by incorporating noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) into target proteins through the suppression of stop codons in vivo has profoundly impacted how we perform protein modification or detect proteins and their interaction partners in their native environment. Yet, with genetic code expansion strategies maturing over the past 15 years, new applications that make use—or indeed repurpose—these techniques are beginning to emerge. This Concept article highlights three of these developments: 1) The incorporation of ncAAs for the biosynthesis and selection of bioactive macrocyclic peptides with novel ring architectures, 2) synthetic biocontainment strategies based on the addiction of microorganisms to ncAAs, and 3) enzyme design strategies, in which ncAAs with unique functionalities enable the catalysis of new‐to‐nature reactions. Key advances in all three areas are presented and potential future applications discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Mayer
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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47
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One-pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 1,4-Dihydropyridines Using Porcine Pancreatic Lipase. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-8277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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48
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Wilk M, Brodzka A, Koszelewski D, Madej A, Paprocki D, Żądło-Dobrowolska A, Ostaszewski R. The influence of the isocyanoesters structure on the course of enzymatic Ugi reactions. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:102817. [PMID: 30824123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The impact of isocyanoesters structure on enzymatic three-component Ugi reactions course has been determined. The significant promiscuous ability of enzyme in Ugi-type reaction switching between four (U-4CR) and three (U-3CR) components reactions depending on the size of used isocyanoester. The application of short-chain cyanoesters up to isocyanpropionate leading to product of three component reaction exclusively while longer isocyanobutyrate gives only the product of four component reaction. The limitation of studied enzymatic Ugi reaction is a substrate selectivity of lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Wilk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Brodzka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Koszelewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arleta Madej
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Paprocki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Żądło-Dobrowolska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Ostaszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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49
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Lees NR, Han LC, Byrne MJ, Davies JA, Parnell AE, Moreland PEJ, Stach JEM, van der Kamp MW, Willis CL, Race PR. An Esterase-like Lyase Catalyzes Acetate Elimination in Spirotetronate/Spirotetramate Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2305-2309. [PMID: 30664319 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Spirotetronate and spirotetramate natural products include a multitude of compounds with potent antimicrobial and antitumor activities. Their biosynthesis incorporates many unusual biocatalytic steps, including regio- and stereo-specific modifications, cyclizations promoted by Diels-Alderases, and acetylation-elimination reactions. Here we focus on the acetate elimination catalyzed by AbyA5, implicated in the formation of the key Diels-Alder substrate to give the spirocyclic system of the antibiotic abyssomicin C. Using synthetic substrate analogues, it is shown that AbyA5 catalyzes stereospecific acetate elimination, establishing the (R)-tetronate acetate as a biosynthetic intermediate. The X-ray crystal structure of AbyA5, the first of an acetate-eliminating enzyme, reveals a deviant acetyl esterase fold. Molecular dynamics simulations and enzyme assays show the use of a His-Ser dyad to catalyze either elimination or hydrolysis, via disparate mechanisms, under substrate control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Lees
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Li-Chen Han
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Matthew J Byrne
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Jonathan A Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Alice E Parnell
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Pollyanna E J Moreland
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - James E M Stach
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Marc W van der Kamp
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Christine L Willis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Paul R Race
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.,BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
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50
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Lees NR, Han LC, Byrne MJ, Davies JA, Parnell AE, Moreland PEJ, Stach JEM, van der Kamp MW, Willis CL, Race PR. An Esterase-like Lyase Catalyzes Acetate Elimination in Spirotetronate/Spirotetramate Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R. Lees
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Li-Chen Han
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Matthew J. Byrne
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Jonathan A. Davies
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Alice E. Parnell
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Pollyanna E. J. Moreland
- School of Biology; Newcastle University; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU UK
- Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4AX UK
| | - James E. M. Stach
- School of Biology; Newcastle University; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU UK
- Centre for Synthetic Biology and the Bioeconomy; Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4AX UK
| | - Marc W. van der Kamp
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Christine L. Willis
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
| | - Paul R. Race
- School of Biochemistry; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TD UK
- BrisSynBio Synthetic Biology Research Centre; University of Bristol; Bristol BS8 1TQ UK
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