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Sanfilippo C, Cernuto F, Patti A. Expanding the Use of Peroxygenase from Oat Flour in Organic Synthesis: Enantioselective Oxidation of Sulfides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087464. [PMID: 37108626 PMCID: PMC10138840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocatalyzed oxidations are an important target in sustainable synthesis since chemical oxidations often require harsh conditions and metal-based catalysts. A raw peroxygenase-containing enzymatic preparation from oat flour was tested as a biocatalyst for the enantioselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and the variations of some reaction parameters were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, thioanisole was fully converted into the corresponding (R)-sulfoxide with high optical purity (80% ee) and the same stereopreference was maintained in the oxidation of some other sulfides. Changes in the substituent on the sulfur atom affected the selectivity of the enzyme and the best results were obtained with phenyl methoxymethyl sulfide, which gave the corresponding sulfoxide in 92% ee as exclusive product. The over-oxidation of sulfides to sulfones was instead detected in all the other cases and preferential oxidation of the (S)-enantiomer of the sulfoxide intermediate was observed, albeit with low selectivity. Carrying out the oxidation of thioanisole up to the 29% formation of sulfone led to enhancement of the sulfoxide optical purity (89% ee). The activity in sulfoxidation reactions, in addition to that reported in the epoxidation of different substrates, makes this plant peroxygenase a promising and useful tool in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sanfilippo
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Cernuto
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Patti
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
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Sanfilippo C, Patti A. Epoxide hydrolase activity in the aqueous extracts of vegetable flours and application to the stereoselective hydrolysis of limonene oxide. Molecular Catalysis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
The ability of lipases to display activity beyond their physiological reactions, so-called "catalytic promiscuity", has gained increasing interest in the last two decades as an important tool for expanding the application of these enzymes in organic synthesis. Some lipases have been shown to be effective in catalyzing a variety of C-C bond formation reactions and most of the investigations have been directed to the optimization of the products yield through a careful tuning of the experimental parameters. Despite the fact that new stereogenic carbons are formed in many of the tested reactions, the target products have been often obtained in racemic form and examples of an efficient asymmetric induction by the used lipases are quite limited. The aim of this review, mainly focused on those lipase-catalyzed promiscuous reactions in which optically active products have been obtained, is to offer a current state of art together with a perspective in this field of asymmetric synthesis.
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Biondi DM, Sanfilippo C, Patti A. Stereospecific Epoxidation of Limonene Catalyzed by Peroxygenase from Oat Seeds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091462. [PMID: 34573093 PMCID: PMC8469233 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limonene is one of the most abundant naturally occurring cyclic monoterpenes and has recently emerged as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based solvents as well as a chemical platform for the production of value-added compounds. The biocatalytic epoxidation of both enantiomers of limonene was carried out in the presence of a peroxygenase-containing preparation from oat (Avena sativa) flour. Different reaction profiles were observed depending on the starting enantiomer of limonene, but in both cases the 1,2-monoepoxide was obtained as the main product with excellent diastereoselectivity. Trans-1,2-monoepoxide and cis-1,2-monoepoxide were isolated from the reaction of (R)-limonene and (S)-limonene, respectively, and the reactions were scaled-up to 0.17 M substrate concentration. The process is valuable for operational simplicity, lack of toxic metal catalysts, and cost-effectiveness of the enzymatic source. Pure stereoisomers of 1,2-monoepoxides of limonene constitute a useful starting material for biorenewable polymers, but can be also converted into other chiral derivatives by epoxide ring opening with nucleophiles. As a proof of concept, a tandem protocol for the preparation of enantiopure (1S,2S,4R)-1,2-diol from (R)-limonene and (1R,2R,4S)-1,2-diol from (S)-limonene was developed.
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Sanfilippo C, Patti A. Biocatalytic regio- and stereoselective access to ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxides with peroxygenase from oat flour. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:105014. [PMID: 34077840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The biocatalytic epoxidation of ethanolamides of ω-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, regarded as biologically active ω-3 endocannabinoids, in the presence of a peroxygenase-containing preparation from oat flour was investigated. Good regio- and steroselectivity toward the formation of the epoxide on the terminal double bond in the chain was observed with both these fatty acid derivatives and chiral monoepoxides 1 or 2 in 74% optical purity and 51-53% yields were isolated and spectroscopically characterized. The use of acetone as cosolvent in the reaction medium allowed to increase the concentration of starting substrates up to 40 mM and to further improve the selectivity in the epoxidation of DHA-EA. Due to the easy availability of the enzymatic preparation, the method offers a valuable strategy for the access to oxyfunctionalized derivatives of fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sanfilippo
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Angela Patti
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
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Raimondi F, Novelli L, Ghirardi A, Russo FM, Pellegrini D, Biza R, Trapasso R, Giuliani L, Anelli M, Amoroso M, Allegri C, Imeri G, Sanfilippo C, Comandini S, Hila E, Manesso L, Gandini L, Mandelli P, Monti M, Gori M, Senni M, Lorini FL, Rizzi M, Barbui T, Paris L, Rambaldi A, Cosentini R, Guagliumi G, Cesa S, Colledan M, Sessa M, Masciulli A, Gavazzi A, Buoro S, Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Callegaro A, Gianatti A, Farina C, Bellasi A, Sironi S, Fagiuoli S, Di Marco F. Covid-19 and gender: lower rate but same mortality of severe disease in women-an observational study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:96. [PMID: 33743654 PMCID: PMC7980742 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender-related factors might affect vulnerability to Covid-19. The aim of this study was to describe the role of gender on clinical features and 28-day mortality in Covid-19 patients. METHODS Observational study of Covid-19 patients hospitalized in Bergamo, Italy, during the first three weeks of the outbreak. Medical records, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings upon admission and treatment have been collected. Primary outcome was 28-day mortality since hospitalization. RESULTS 431 consecutive adult patients were admitted. Female patients were 119 (27.6%) with a mean age of 67.0 ± 14.5 years (vs 67.8 ± 12.5 for males, p = 0.54). Previous history of myocardial infarction, vasculopathy and former smoking habits were more common for males. At the time of admission PaO2/FiO2 was similar between men and women (228 [IQR, 134-273] vs 238 mmHg [150-281], p = 0.28). Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) assistance was needed in the first 24 h more frequently in male patients (25.7% vs 13.0%; p = 0.006). Overall 28-day mortality was 26.1% in women and 38.1% in men (p = 0.018). Gender did not result an independent predictor of death once the parameters related to disease severity at presentation were included in the multivariable analysis (p = 0.898). Accordingly, the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in female and male patients requiring CPAP or non-invasive ventilation in the first 24 h did not find a significant difference (p = 0.687). CONCLUSION Hospitalized women are less likely to die from Covid-19; however, once severe disease occurs, the risk of dying is similar to men. Further studies are needed to better investigate the role of gender in clinical course and outcome of Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Raimondi
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Novelli
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Maria Russo
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Dario Pellegrini
- Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Roberta Biza
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Trapasso
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa Giuliani
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Anelli
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Amoroso
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Allegri
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Imeri
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Claudia Sanfilippo
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sofia Comandini
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy
| | - England Hila
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Leonardo Manesso
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Lucia Gandini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Pietro Mandelli
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Martina Monti
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mauro Gori
- Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michele Senni
- Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Marco Rizzi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Laura Paris
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Guagliumi
- Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Simonetta Cesa
- Department of Organ Failure and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Michele Colledan
- Department of Health and Social Care Professions, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maria Sessa
- Neurology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | - Sabrina Buoro
- Quality Management, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Anna Maria Astori Centre, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Farina
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Antonio Bellasi
- Department of Research, Innovation, Brand Reputation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sandro Sironi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Fagiuoli
- Gastroenterology Hepatology and Transplantation Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabiano Di Marco
- Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Piazza OMS, 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy.
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Aleo D, Saita MG, Spitaleri F, Sanfilippo C, Patti A. Degradation profile of nepafenac in aqueous solution and structural characterization of a novel degradation product. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 189:113432. [PMID: 32592943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The stability of the anti-inflammatory drug nepafenac was investigated in aqueous solutions containing hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin at three different values of pH and degradation products were identified. (2-Amino-3-benzoyl)-oxoacetic acid, previously not reported as nepafenac-related impurity, was isolated and structurally characterized by NMR and ESI-MS analyses. It was also shown that the formation of this α-ketoacid from nepafenac in alkaline water/organic cosolvent solution occurs through an aerobic oxidation of the key intermediate 7-benzoyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one, which in some extent is protected from oxidation in the presence of the cyclodextrin additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Aleo
- MEDIVIS - Corso Italia, 171 - 95127 Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Sanfilippo
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Patti
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy.
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Sanfilippo C, Paterna A, Biondi DM, Patti A. Lyophilized extracts from vegetable flours as valuable alternatives to purified oxygenases for the synthesis of oxylipins. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103325. [PMID: 31586707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the whole aqueous extracts of soybean flour and oat flour have been used as valuable alternatives to purified oxygenase enzymes for the preparation of oxylipins derived from (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The lipoxygenase activity in the aqueous extracts of soybean (Glycine max. L.) flour was monitored with linoleic acid as substrate and compared with the commercially available purified enzyme (LOX-1). Oat flour extracts (Avena sativa L.) were evaluated for their peroxygenase activity by comparing different enzyme preparations in the epoxidation of methyl oleate. It was found that lyophilization of the aqueous extracts from these vegetable flours offers advantages in terms of enzyme stability, reproducibility and applicability to preparative organic synthesis. The lyophilized enzyme preparations were tested for the oxyfunctionalization of EPA and the formed products were isolated in satisfactory yields. In the presence of lyophilized extract from soybean, EPA gave 15S-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoic acid in enantiopure form as exclusive product. Peroxygenase from oat flour was less selective and catalyzed the formation of different epoxides of EPA. However, the biocatalyzed epoxidation of EPA under controlled conditions allowed to obtain optically active (17R,18S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid (65% ee) as the main monoepoxide, among the five possible ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sanfilippo
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Paterna
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela M Biondi
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Patti
- CNR - Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy.
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Saita MG, Aleo D, Melilli B, Mangiafico S, Cro M, Sanfilippo C, Patti A. pH-Dependent stability of azithromycin in aqueous solution and structure identification of two new degradation products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 158:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Taglione E, Catitti P, D’Angelo M, Squeri V, Saglia J, Sanfilippo C, De Michieli L. Proprioceptive and motor training using the high performance robotic device hunova: Protocol of a randomized, controlled trial in patients with lower limb post-traumatic conditions. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, Paternò AA, Patti A. Resolution of racemic amines via lipase-catalyzed benzoylation: Chemoenzymatic synthesis of the pharmacologically active isomers of labetalol. Molecular Catalysis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, Longo A, Lazzara F, Cambria D, Distefano G, Palumbo M, Cantarella A, Malaguarnera L, Di Rosa M. CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 overexpression in motor cortex and spinal cord of sALS patients. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 85:162-169. [PMID: 28989002 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration and death of upper (UMN) and lower (LMN) motor neurons. In the last decade, it has been shown that Chitinases are an important prognostic indicator of neuro-inflammatory damage induced by microglia and astrocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed microarray datasets obtained from the Array Express in order to verify the expression levels of CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 in motor cortex biopsies of sALS patients with different survival times. We also divided the sALS patients into smokers and non-smokers. In order to extend our analysis, we explored two additional microarray datasets, GSE833 and GSE26927, of post-mortem spinal cord biopsies from sALS patients. RESULTS The analysis showed that CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 expression levels were significantly upregulated in the motor cortex of sALS patients, compared to the healthy controls. Moreover, their expression levels were negatively correlated with survival time. Interesting results were obtained when we compared the expression levels of Chitinases among smokers. We showed that CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 were significantly upregulated in sALS smokers compared to non-smokers. Furthermore, we found that four genes belonging to the Chitinases network (SERPINA3, C1s, RRAD, HLA-DQA1) were significantly upregulated in the motor cortex of sALS patients and positively correlated with Chitinases expression levels. Similar results were obtained during the exploration of the two-microarray dataset. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 are associated with the progression of neurodegeneration in motor cortex and spinal cord of sALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sanfilippo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Longo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - F Lazzara
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - D Cambria
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - G Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - L Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, Italy.
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Sanfilippo C, Pinzone MR, Cambria D, Longo A, Palumbo M, Di Marco R, Condorelli F, Nunnari G, Malaguarnera L, Di Rosa M. OAS Gene Family Expression Is Associated with HIV-Related Neurocognitive Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1905-1914. [PMID: 28236279 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders are common in HIV-infected individuals, even in the combination antiretroviral therapy (c-ART) era. Several mechanisms are involved in neuronal damage, including chronic inflammation immune activation. Mammalian 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) genes are produced in response to interferon (IFN), mainly by monocytes, and exert their antiviral functions by activation of RNase L that degrades viral and cellular RNAs. In this study, we aimed at exploring OAS gene family RNA expression in simian immunodeficiency virus encephalitis (SIVE), in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), and in HIV-associate dementia (HAD). We analyzed three microarray datasets obtained from the NCBI in order to assess the expression levels of OAS gene family network in brain biopsies of macaques with SIVE vs uninfected animals, as well as post-mortem brain of individuals with HAND (on or off ART) vs uninfected controls and three brain regions of HIV-infected individuals with both neurocognitive impairment (HAD) and encephalitis (HIVE). All OAS genes were upregulated both in SIVE and in HAND. OAS expression was significantly higher in high-viremic individuals; increased expression levels persisted in cART subjects when compared to healthy controls. OAS gene network analysis showed that several genes belonging to the type I IFN pathway, especially CXCL10 and IFIT3, were similarly upregulated in SIVE/HAND. Furthermore, we identified a significant upregulation of OAS gene family RNA expression in basal ganglia, white matter, and frontal cortex of HIV-1, HAD, and HAD/HIVE patients compared to healthy subjects. OAS gene family expression is increased in brain sections from individuals with HAND, HAD, and HIVE as well as macaques with SIVE. OAS family expression is likely to be induced by IFN as a consequence of viral replication in the CNS. Its long-term upregulation may contribute to the chronic inflammatory status and neurocognitive impairment we still observe in virologically suppressed individuals on c-ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sanfilippo
- Section of Neurosciences, Department G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - M R Pinzone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - D Cambria
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A Longo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - R Di Marco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - F Condorelli
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, A. Avogadro, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - G Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - L Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Sanfilippo C, Nunnari G, Calcagno A, Malaguarnera L, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Di Rosa M. The chitinases expression is related to Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Encephalitis (SIVE) and in HIV encephalitis (HIVE). Virus Res 2017; 227:220-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Sanfilippo C, Malaguarnera L, Di Rosa M. Chitinase expression in Alzheimer's disease and non-demented brains regions. J Neurol Sci 2016; 369:242-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, Giuliano L, Fatuzzo D, Sortino G, Le Pira F, Sofia V, Zappia M. Late onset Rasmussen encephalitis: complete remission after one session of plasmapheresis. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:e15-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sanfilippo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies ‘G.F. Ingrassia’ University of Catania Catania Italy
| | - L. Giuliano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies ‘G.F. Ingrassia’ University of Catania Catania Italy
| | - D. Fatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies ‘G.F. Ingrassia’ University of Catania Catania Italy
| | - G. Sortino
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging Radiology Unit University Hospital Policlinico − Vittorio Emanuele Catania Italy
| | - F. Le Pira
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies ‘G.F. Ingrassia’ University of Catania Catania Italy
| | - V. Sofia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies ‘G.F. Ingrassia’ University of Catania Catania Italy
| | - M. Zappia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies ‘G.F. Ingrassia’ University of Catania Catania Italy
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Sanfilippo C, Forni A, Patti A. Characterization of a conglomerate-forming derivative of (±)-milnacipran and its enantiomeric resolution by preferential crystallization. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07745e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The conglomerate nature of crystals of an N-isobutyramide derivative of milnacipran was efficiently exploited for its enantiomeric resolution by preferential crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra Forni
- CNR – Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Angela Patti
- CNR – Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare
- I-95126 Catania
- Italy
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Scaturro G, Sanfilippo C, Piccione M, Piro E, Giuffrè M, Corsello G. Newborn screening of inherited metabolic disorders by tandem mass spectrometry: past, present and future. Pediatr Med Chir 2013; 35:105-9. [DOI: 10.4081/pmc.2013.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Sanfilippo C, Nicolosi G, Patti A. Chemo-enzymatic Synthesis of New Chiral Bipyridyl Alcohols and their Atropisomeric N,N-dioxides. CURR ORG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/138527212800840946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Piccione M, Serra G, Sanfilippo C, Andreucci E, Sani I, Corsello G. A new mutation in EDA gene in X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia associated with keratoconus. Minerva Pediatr 2012; 64:59-64. [PMID: 22350046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) was first described in 1848 by Thurnam. HED belongs to ectodermal dysplasias (EDs), which are developmental impairments of ectodermal-derived tissues. X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is the most common form of the EDs and consists in abnormal development of teeth, hair, and eccrine sweat glands. XLHED is determined by mutations in the ED1 gene, which is responsible for the coding of ectodysplasin-A(EDA-A), a protein that regulates ectodermal appendage formation. In the present study we found both in our proband and in the mother the same missense mutation in exon 9 (c.957 C>A), which resulted in an aminoacid change at position 319 (Ser319Arg). This latter anomaly might alter the charges in the TNF domain of EDA-A, affecting the stability of the protein and therefore the interaction with its receptor. The male propositus presented classical manifestations of HED except for keratoconus (KC) and, to the best of our knowledge, this association has not been previously described. The identification of this new mutation may contribute to evaluating the genotype/phenotype correlations. Finally, this report can give useful information about the genetic basis of KC and HED. Future studies will allow us to understand if a genetic bond exists between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Piccione
- Operative Unit of Pediatrics and Neonatal Intensive Therapy, Mother and Child Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Sanfilippo C, Nicolosi G. Lipase-catalysed kinetic resolution as the key step in the synthesis of a new class of optically active 5,6-trans-9,10-dihydrophenanthroline derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Patti A, Pedotti S, Sanfilippo C. Comparative HPLC enantioseparation of ferrocenylalcohols on two cellulose-based chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2007; 19:344-51. [PMID: 17354264 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The direct HPLC enantiomeric separation of several ferrocenylalcohols on the commercially available Chiralcel OD and Chiralcel OJ columns has been evaluated in normal-phase mode. Almost all the compounds were resolved on one or both chiral stationary phases (CSPs) with separation factor (alpha) ranging from 1.06 to 2.88 while the resolution (R(s)) varied from 0.63 to 12.70 In the separation of the alpha-ferrocenylalcohols 1a-e and the phenyl analogues 2a-e, which were all resolved except 1c, a similar trend in the retention behavior for the two series of alcohols was evidenced and the selectivity was roughly complementary on the two investigated CSP. For three ferrocenylacohols, chosen as model compounds, the influence of the mobile phase composition and temperature on the enantioseparation were investigated and additional information on the chiral recognition mechanism were deduced from the chromatographic behavior of their acetylderivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Via del Santuario 110, I-95028 Valverde, Catania, Italy.
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Patti A, Pedotti S, Sanfilippo C. Chiral HPLC analysis of milnacipran and its FMOC-derivative on cellulose-based stationary phases. Chirality 2007; 20:63-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, D’Antona N, Nicolosi G. Lipase-catalysed resolution by an esterification reaction in organic solvent of axially chiral (±)-3,3′-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine N,N-dioxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, D'Antona N, Nicolosi G. Chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago is active in the presence of an ionic liquid as co-solvent. Biotechnol Lett 2004; 26:1815-9. [PMID: 15672220 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-004-5087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2004] [Accepted: 10/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago catalyses the oxidation of 1,2-dihydronaphthalene to (1R,2R)-(+)-dihydroxytetrahydronaphthalene in homogenous citrate buffer/ionic liquid mixtures, using t-butyl hydroperoxide as O2 donor. It tolerates up to 30 (v/v) 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methylsulfate or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate. The enzyme activity in these ionic liquid co-solvent systems is retained for 24 h, but it falls to 3 h using non-ionic organic solvents such as t-BuOH or acetone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sanfilippo
- CNR Istituto Chimica Biomolecolare, Sezione CT, Via del Santuario 110, I-95028 Valverde CT, Italy.
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Sanfilippo C, Nicolosi G, Delogu G, Fabbri D, Dettori MA. Access to optically active 2,2′-dihydroxy-6,6′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl by a simple biocatalytic procedure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2003.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lambusta D, Nicolosi G, Patti A, Sanfilippo C. Application of lipase catalysis in organic solvents for selective protection–deprotection of bioactive compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(03)00042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, Nicolosi G. Catalytic behaviour of chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago in the oxidation of cyclic conjugated dienes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, Patti A, Nicolosi G. A new resolution of (1α,2β,3α,4β)-2,3-dibromocyclohex-5-en-1,4-diol by lipase from Mucor miehei. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(00)00038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Sanfilippo C, Patti A, Nicolosi G. Enzymatic resolution of (±)-conduritol-B, a key intermediate for the synthesis of glycosidase inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(99)00344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Ion channels directly activated by cyclic nucleotides are present in the plasma membrane of retinal rod outer segments. These channels can be modulated by several factors including internal pH (pH(i)). Native cyclic nucleotide-gated channels were studied in excised membrane patches from the outer segment of retinal rods of the salamander. Channels were activated by cGMP or cAMP and currents as a function of voltage and cyclic nucleotide concentrations were measured as pH(i) was varied between 7.6 and 5.0. Increasing internal proton concentrations reduced the current activated by cGMP without modifying the concentration (K(1/2)) of cGMP necessary for half-activation of the maximal current. This effect could be well described as a reduction of single-channel current by protonation of a single acidic residue with a pK(1) of 5.1. When channels were activated by cAMP a more complex phenomenon was observed. K(1/2) for cAMP decreased by increasing internal proton concentration whereas maximal currents activated by cAMP increased by lowering pH(i) from 7.6 to 5.7-5.5 and then decreased from pH(i) 5.5 to 5.0. This behavior was attributed both to a reduction in single-channel current as measured with cGMP and to an increase in channel open probability induced by the binding of three protons to sites with a pK(2) of 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Picco
- Istituto di Cibernetica e Biofisica, C.N.R, Genova, Italy
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Patti A, Sanfilippo C, Piattelli M, Nicolosi G. Enantioselective Synthesis of (-)- and (+)-Conduritol F via Enzymatic Asymmetrization of cis-Cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol. J Org Chem 1996; 61:6458-6461. [PMID: 11667496 DOI: 10.1021/jo960251j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patti
- Istituto CNR per lo Studio delle Sostanze Naturali di Interesse Alimentare e Chimico-Farmaceutico, Via del Santuario 110, 95028 Valverde CT, Italy
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Nicolosi G, Patti A, Piattelli M, Sanfilippo C. Desymmetrization of cis-1,2-dihydroxycycloalkanes by stereoselective lipase mediated esterification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00035-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nicolosi G, Patti A, Piattelli M, Sanfilippo C. Desymmetrization of meso-hydrobenzoin via stereoselective enzymatic esterification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(00)86185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nicolisi G, Piattelli M, Sanfilippo C. Lipase-catalyzed regioselective protection of hydroxyl groups in aromatic dihydroxyaldehydes and ketones. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)89897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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