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Monteiro JPP, Dos Santos CCM, de Queiroz JPM, das Chagas RA, Loureiro SN, Nauar AR, Souza-Ferreira MLC, Cardoso AL, Martins C, Petrović TG, Prokić MD, Oliveira-Bahia VRL, Amado LL. Natural modulation of redox status throughout the ontogeny of Amazon frog Physalaemus ephippifer (Anura, Leptodactylidae). Sci Rep 2024; 14:20655. [PMID: 39232193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
During their development, amphibians undergo various physiological processes that may affect their susceptibility to environmental pollutants. Naturally occurring fluctuations caused by developmental events are often overlooked in ecotoxicological studies. Our aim is to investigate how biomarkers of oxidative stress are modulated at different stages of larval development in the Amazonian amphibian species, Physalaemus ephippifer. The premetamorphosis, prometamorphosis and metamorphic climax stages were used to analyze total antioxidant capacity (ACAP), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and the expression of genes nrf2, gst, gsr (glutathione reductase) and gclc (glycine-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit). Although there was no difference in ACAP and the genes expression among the studied stages, individuals from the premetamorphosis and prometamorphosis showed higher GST activity than ones under the climax. LPO levels were highest in individuals from the metamorphic climax. The present study suggests that the oxidative status changes during ontogeny of P. ephippifer tadpoles, especially during the metamorphic climax, the most demanding developmental phase. Variations in the redox balance at different developmental stages may lead to a divergent response to pollution. Therefore, we recommend that studies using anuran larvae as biomonitors consider possible physiological differences during ontogeny in their respective analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Pantoja Monteiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Morfofisiologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Carla Carolina Miranda Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Moura de Queiroz
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Rafael Anaisce das Chagas
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha Do Norte - CEPNOR/ICMBio, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Sarita Nunes Loureiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Alana Rodrigues Nauar
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Cunha Souza-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Morfofisiologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Adauto Lima Cardoso
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara G Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho e Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (UFPA), Belém, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica (UFPA), Belém, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia (UFPA), Belém, Brazil.
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Kijanović A, Vukov T, Mirč M, Mitrović A, Prokić MD, Petrović TG, Radovanović TB, Gavrilović BR, Despotović SG, Gavrić JP, Tomašević Kolarov N. The role of phenotypic plasticity and corticosterone in coping with pond drying conditions in yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata, Linnaeus 1758) tadpoles. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:753-765. [PMID: 38651613 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Amphibian larvae inhabiting temporary ponds often exhibit the capacity to accelerate development and undergo metamorphosis in challenging conditions like desiccation. However, not all species exhibit this ability, the yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata) is one such example. The underlying mechanisms behind the inability to accelerate development under desiccation remain largely unexplored. The hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis and corticosterone (CORT), which act synergistically with thyroid hormone, are thought to facilitate metamorphosis in response to desiccation stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether modification in the HPI axis, particularly CORT levels, contributes to the absence of adaptive plasticity in B. variegata under desiccation stress. The study design included four treatments: high water level, high water level with exogenous CORT, low water level, and low water level with metyrapone (a CORT synthesis inhibitor). The main objective was to evaluate the effects of these treatments on whole-body corticosterone levels, life history, morphological traits, and oxidative stress parameters during the prometamorphic and metamorphic climax developmental stages. While low water level had no effect on total corticosterone levels, larval period, body condition index, and metamorphic body shape, it negatively affected metamorph size, mass, and growth rate. Our findings suggest that constant exposure to desiccation stress over generations may have led to modifications in the HPI axis activity in B. variegata, resulting in adaptation to changes in water level, evident through the absence of stress response. Consequently, CORT may not be a relevant stress indicator in desiccation conditions for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Kijanović
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Vukov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Mirč
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mitrović
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara G Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana B Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka R Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena P Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Tomašević Kolarov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Schvezov N, Caffetti J, Silva C, Boeris J, Baldo D, Lajmanovich R. Impact of soil from monoculture pine plantations on two anuran species from the Atlantic Forest: Odontophrynus reigi and Leptodactylus luctator. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161769. [PMID: 36702263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monoculture tree plantations reduces landscape heterogeneity and the number and diversity of habitats available for species. Physical-chemical changes in soil may affect the ponds where tadpoles develop. This work aimed to study the effect on tadpoles of two species of frogs, Leptodactylus luctator (Ll) and Odontophrynus reigi (Or) exposed to soils from a pine plantation (PP), which were compared to tadpoles exposed to soils from Atlantic Forest, the native forest (NF). The impact of soils from both places on growth, development, antioxidant system and genetic damage of Ll and Or tadpoles were observed. A composite sample (5 kg) of soil was taken from the top 10 cm stratum in a 200 m transect in each site, with random plots of 50x50cm. In collected soil samples Organic Matter (OM), Organic Carbon (OC), and Total Nitrogen (TN) were determined. We conducted laboratory experiments, from 23 until 38 Gosner stages. During the experiment, pH and ammonium in the water were determined. Soil from NF presented higher content of OM, OC and TN, and water pH in PP was 0.2 units lower than in NF. Both species showed ≈60 % increase of catalase activity in PP, and ≈40 % increase of lipid peroxidation in NF. Ll tadpoles presented 10 times higher protein oxidation in PP than in NF, but Gosner stage was higher in NF. In NF the higher OM and OC in both species causes the increase of lipid peroxidation; and Ll responds to a stressor in PP that in Or is not observed. Or presented lower stress response towards PP soils, which indicates a tolerance towards this soil. The changes observed in soil chemistry, although not big from a physical-chemical point of view, affects the growth, development and oxidative stress of two species of anuran tadpoles from the NF, which can affect future populations and anuran diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Schvezov
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.
| | - Jacqueline Caffetti
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Carla Silva
- Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Juan Boeris
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Diego Baldo
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Félix de Azara 1552, N3300LQH Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Rafael Lajmanovich
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, RN168 Santa Fe, Argentina
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Morshedi V, Noori F, Prokić MD, Petrović TG, Jafari F, Moradian SH. Changes of oxidative status in yellowfin seabream larvae (Acanthopagrus latus) during development. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2023; 281:111433. [PMID: 37068729 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic changes of tissues, organs and growth that occur in fish larvae during the transition to the juvenile stage are accompanied by differences in metabolic, locomotor and feeding activities that can reflect on fish's oxidative status. In this study, we examine how body growth, antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidative damage (malondialdehyde-MDA) parameters change in larvae of yellowfin seabream larvae (Acanthopagrus latus) during early development (0, 7, 15, 22 and 30 day after hatching-DAH). Body growth (length and weight) starts to intensify from 15 DAH. We observed general increase in the antioxidant system (AOS) with the age of larvae from newly hatched and 7 DAH up to 15 and 22 DAH individuals. 15 and 22 DAH larvae had the greatest levels of TAC, SOD and GR activity, while 30 DAH larvae had higher CAT activity from 0, 7 and 15 DAH and MDA concentration in comparison to 15 DAH individuals. Several developmental events can be linked with observed results: lower AOS in 0 and 7 DAH individuals with low locomotor activity, growth, endo-exogenous feeding phase and cell differentiation; 15 and 22 DAH larvae are under pressure of fast growth, enhanced swimming and foraging capacity; while higher MDA production in 30 DAH larvae can be a result of shifts in muscle metabolism, changes in both quality and quantity of food and a significant increase in weight. The present study provides insight into the changes in redox status during the ontogeny of A. latus, fish species about which physiology is still little known but with a potential for use in marine culture. Ability to lower oxidative stress during critical developmental periods can enhance that potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Morshedi
- Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Noori
- Department of Aquaculture, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara G Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fateme Jafari
- Department of Aquaculture, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Moradian
- Fishes Genetic and Breeding Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 75914.358, Yasouj, Iran
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Pastorino P, Colussi S, Varello K, Meletiadis A, Alberti S, Di Blasio A, Tedde G, Begovoeva M, Peano A, Rossi L, Renzi M, Acutis PL, Barceló D, Prearo M. Interdisciplinary approach to solve unusual mortalities in the European common frog (Rana temporaria) in two high-mountain ponds affected by climate change. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 222:115411. [PMID: 36736753 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The global decline in amphibian populations is a major environmental issue. Chytridiomycosis, Ranaviruses and the red-leg syndrome have been identified in unusual mortality events. However, these infections do not account for all causes of declining amphibian populations. Moreover, several cases of amphibian mortality are difficult to solve without resorting to an interdisciplinary approach. Two cases of unusual mortality in Rana temporaria occurred at two high-mountain ponds (northwest Italy) in April and May 2021. Water and frog samples were analysed to understand the possible causes responsible for the unusual mortalities. Results of the main physicochemical (pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chemical and biochemical oxygen demand) and nutrient (ammonia/ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, total phosphorus) parameters revealed a good condition of the water quality, with the absence of the main cyanotoxins (microcystins/nodularins). However, unseasonably high spring water temperatures were recorded in both ponds (12.73 °C and 14.21 °C for Frog Pond and Selleries Pond, respectively). Frogs (n = 50; snout-vent length: 7.0-9.8 cm; body mass: 85-123 g) collected from Frog Pond mainly presented bumps on the ventral cavity and dermal ulceration associated with the isolation of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum. On the other hand, frogs (n = 5; snout-vent length: 8.0-9.1 cm; body mass: 87-92 g) from Selleries Pond presented petechiae and dermal ulcerations on the rear limbs associated with the isolation of Aeromonas salmonicida and A. sobria. In both mortality events, the interdisciplinary approach revealed an association between frog mortalities and the isolation of bacteria. Isolated bacteria are considered opportunistic pathogens, and the high values of the water temperature has certainly led a stress on the frogs, favouring the spread of bacteria and the death of the frogs. Further studies are needed to assess the pathophysiological effects of the opportunistic bacteria here isolated, clarifying the interactions between emerging pathogens and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy.
| | - Silvia Colussi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Katia Varello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Arianna Meletiadis
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Alberti
- Ente di Gestione Delle Aree Protette Delle Alpi Cozie, Via Fransuà Fontan 1,10050, Salbertrand, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Blasio
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale TO3, ASL-TO3, Via Poirino 9, 10064, Pinerolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tedde
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale TO3, ASL-TO3, Via Poirino 9, 10064, Pinerolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Mattia Begovoeva
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy; European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale Delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Peano
- Dipartimento di Science Veterinarie, Università Degli Studi di Torino, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Rossi
- Dipartimento di Science Veterinarie, Università Degli Studi di Torino, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Torino, Italy
| | - Monia Renzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 10, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Acutis
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
| | - Damià Barceló
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), 08034, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Marino Prearo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154, Torino, Italy
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From Water to Land: The Structural Construction and Molecular Switches in Lungs during Metamorphosis of Microhyla fissipes. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040528. [PMID: 35453728 PMCID: PMC9030589 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The functionalization of lungs is a necessity for most anurans to breathe on land. Previous studies have focused on the morphological and physiological functions of amphibian lungs, while the microstructural changes and molecular mechanisms that underpin the functional maturation of lungs remain under-researched. We used integrated histology and transcriptomics to study the critical cytological and molecular events associated with lung maturation in Microhyla fissipes. The results illuminated the molecular processes and their coordination in lung development, providing an insight into the transition of amphibians from aquatic to terrestrial life stages. Abstract Most anurans must undergo metamorphosis to adapt to terrestrial life. This process enhances the air-breathing ability of the lungs to cope with the change in oxygen medium from water to air. Revealing the structural construction and molecular switches of lung organogenesis is essential to understanding the realization of the air-breathing function. In this study, histology and transcriptomics were conducted in combination to explore these issues in Microhyla fissipes’ lungs during metamorphosis. During the pro-metamorphic phase, histological structural improvement of the alveolar wall is accompanied by robust substrate metabolism and protein turnover. The lungs, at the metamorphic climax phase, are characterized by an increased number of cilia in the alveolar epithelial cells and collagenous fibers in the connective tissues, corresponding to the transcriptional upregulation of cilia and extracellular matrix-related genes. Post-metamorphic lungs strengthen their contracting function, as suggested by the thickened muscle layer and the upregulated expression of genes involved in muscle contraction. The blood–gas barrier is fully developed in adult lungs, the transcriptional features of which are tissue growth and regulation of differentiation and immunity. Importantly, significant transcriptional switches of pulmonary surfactant protein and hemoglobin facilitate air breathing. Our results illuminated four key steps of lung development for amphibians to transition from water to land.
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Burraco P, Rendón MA, Díaz‐Paniagua C, Gomez‐Mestre I. Maintenance of phenotypic plasticity is linked to oxidative stress in spadefoot toad larvae. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Burraco
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC) Seville Spain
- Inst. of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Univ. of Glasgow Glasgow UK
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Prokić MD, Petrović TG, Gavrilović BR, Despotović SG, Gavrić JP, Kijanović A, Tomašević Kolarov N, Vukov T, Radovanović TB. Carry-Over Effects of Desiccation Stress on the Oxidative Status of Fasting Anuran Juveniles. Front Physiol 2021; 12:783288. [PMID: 34925072 PMCID: PMC8674722 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.783288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibians are sensitive to deteriorating environmental conditions, especially during transition to a terrestrial environment which is full of uncertainties. Harsh conditions, such as desiccation during earlier stages, affect different larval traits with possible carry-over effects on juvenile and adult life histories. The first consequences of the effects can be seen in juveniles in the challenges to find food and the ability to survive without it in a terrestrial habitat. Body size and the internal energy reserves acquired during the larval phase play an important role in this period. Herein, we tested how different water regimes (low water availability, desiccation and constant high-water availability) during larval development reflect on the oxidative status and ability of yellow belly toad (Bombina variegata) juveniles to endure short-term fasting. The desiccation regime significantly reduced the body size of metamorphs. The same was observed after 2 weeks of fasting, while the feeding treatment reduced differences mostly in the body mass of individuals from different water regimes. This was the result of a greater gain in mass in juveniles pre-exposed to desiccation. Pre-exposure to desiccation also modified the parameters of the antioxidant system (AOS) under feeding conditions, leading to higher values of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase, glutathione and sulfhydryl group concentrations, and lower glutathione peroxidase in comparison to juveniles reared under constant water. The increase in the AOS of juveniles can be considered as a physiological carry-over effect of desiccation, probably as the result of compensatory growth and/or earlier exposure to chronic stress. However, water levels during larval development did not exert significant effects on the oxidative status of juveniles subjected to food unavailability. Fasting juveniles, both control and desiccated, were exposed to oxidative stress, significantly higher lipid peroxide concentrations, lower superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione and sulfhydryl group values in comparison to feeding individuals. The lack of food in juvenile anurans activated the AOS response in the same manner, regardless of body size and stress pre-exposure, suggesting that the generally accepted hypothesis about the influence of metamorphic body size on the fitness of the postmetamorphic stage should be tested further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko D. Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara G. Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka R. Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G. Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena P. Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Kijanović
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Tomašević Kolarov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Vukov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana B. Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Oxidative Stress Parameters in Goitrogen-Exposed Crested Newt Larvae ( Triturus spp.): Arrested Metamorphosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189653. [PMID: 34574576 PMCID: PMC8464833 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thiourea is an established disruptor of thyroid hormone synthesis and is frequently used as an inhibitor of metamorphosis. The changes caused by thiourea can affect processes associated with the oxidative status of individuals (metabolic rate, the HPI axis, antioxidant system). We investigated the parameters of oxidative stress in crested newt (Triturus spp.) larvae during normal development in late larval stage 62 and newly metamorphosed individuals, and during thiourea-stimulated metamorphosis arrest in individuals exposed to low (0.05%) and high (0.1%) concentrations of thiourea. Both groups of crested newts exposed to thiourea retained their larval characteristics until the end of the experiment. The low activities of antioxidant enzymes and the high lipid peroxidation level pointed to increased oxidative stress in larvae at the beginning of stage 62 as compared to fully metamorphosed individuals. The activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the concentration of sulfhydryl (SH) groups were significantly lower in larvae reared in aqueous solutions containing thiourea than in newly metamorphosed individuals. The high thiourea concentration (0.1%) affected the antioxidative parameters to the extent that oxidative damage could not be avoided, contrary to a lower concentration. Our results provide a first insight into the physiological adaptations of crested newts during normal development and simulated metamorphosis arrest.
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Prokić MD, Gavrilović BR, Radovanović TB, Gavrić JP, Petrović TG, Despotović SG, Faggio C. Studying microplastics: Lessons from evaluated literature on animal model organisms and experimental approaches. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125476. [PMID: 33647615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Although we are witnesses of an increase in the number of studies examining the exposure/effects of microplastics (MPs) on different organisms, there are many unknowns. This review aims to: (i) analyze current studies devoted to investigating the exposure/effects of MPs on animals; (ii) provide some basic knowledge about different model organisms and experimental approaches used in studying MPs; and to (iii) convey directions for future studies. We have summarized data from 500 studies published from January 2011 to May 2020, about different aspects of model organisms (taxonomic group of organisms, type of ecosystem they inhabit, life-stage, sex, tissue and/or organ) and experimental design (laboratory/field, ingestion/bioaccumulation/effect). We also discuss and try to encourage investigation of some less studied organisms (terrestrial and freshwater species, among groups including Annelida, Nematoda, Echinodermata, Cnidaria, Rotifera, birds, amphibians, reptiles), and aspects of MP pollution (long-term field studies, comparative studies examining life stages, sexes, laboratory and field work). We hope that the information presented in this review will serve as a good starting point and will provide useful guidelines for researchers during the process of deciding on the model organism and study designs for investigating MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka R Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana B Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena P Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara G Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 3198166 Santa Agata-Messina, Italy.
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11
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Zheng R, Wu M, Wang H, Chai L, Peng J. Copper-induced sublethal effects in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles: growth, intestinal histology and microbial alternations. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:502-513. [PMID: 33587250 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is one of the environmental contaminations which can pose significant risks for organisms. The current study explores the effects of Cu exposure on the growth, intestinal histology and microbial ecology in Bufo gargarizans. The results revealed that 0.5-1 μM Cu exposure induced growth retardation (including reduction of total body length and wet weight) and intestinal histological injury (including disordered enterocyte, changes in the villi and vacuoles) of tadpoles. Also, high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that Cu exposure caused changes in richness, diversity and structure of intestinal microbiota. Moreover, the composition of intestinal microbiota was altered in tadpoles exposed to different concentrations of Cu. At the phylum level, we observed the abundance of proteobacteria was increased, while the abundance of fusobacteria was decreased in the intestinal microbiota of tadpoles exposed to 1 μM Cu. At the genus level, a reduced abundance of kluyvera and aeromonas was observed in the intestinal microbiota of tadpoles under the exposure of 0-0.5 μM Cu. Finally, functional predictions revealed that tadpoles exposed to copper may be at a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders or diseases. Above all, our results will develop a comprehensive view of the Cu exposure in amphibians and will yield a new consideration for sublethal effects of Cu on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Minyao Wu
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jufang Peng
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China.
- Basic Experimental Teaching Center, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Petrović TG, Kijanović A, Kolarov Tomašević N, Gavrić JP, Despotović SG, Gavrilović BR, Radovanović TB, Vukov T, Faggio C, Prokić MD. Effects of Desiccation on Metamorphic Climax in Bombina variegata: Changes in Levels and Patterns of Oxidative Stress Parameters. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040953. [PMID: 33805554 PMCID: PMC8066544 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Global warming alters patterns of precipitation and drought, which are important factors in the survival of amphibian populations. Metamorphosis is affected by environmental changes; this is especially true of metamorphic climax, the crucial stage of amphibian development that is accompanied by significant morphological, physiological and behavioral adaptations necessary for the transition to a terrestrial habitat. This study investigated naturally occurring changes in the cellular oxidative status (antioxidant system and oxidative damage) of yellow-bellied toad larvae during this phase, and how exposure to exogenous factors such as desiccation affected them. Our results revealed clear changes in the antioxidant system’s (AOS) response and the levels of oxidative damage during metamorphic climax, with the highest response and damage observed at the end stage. Decreasing water levels during larval development altered the components of the AOS and increased oxidative damage, resulting in increased oxidative stress. The knowledge gained from this study could contribute to a better understanding of the oxidative stress that larvae experience during this critical stage of development, and the consequences of global warming—such as water loss—on amphibians. Abstract In this paper, we examined how the oxidative status (antioxidant system and oxidative damage) of Bombina variegata larvae changed during the metamorphic climax (Gosner stages: 42—beginning, 44—middle and 46—end) and compared the patterns and levels of oxidative stress parameters between individuals developing under constant water availability (control) and those developing under decreasing water availability (desiccation group). Our results revealed that larvae developing under decreasing water availability exhibited increased oxidative damage in the middle and end stages. This was followed by lower levels of glutathione in stages 44 and 46, as well as lower values of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and sulfhydryl groups in stage 46 (all in relation to control animals). Comparison between stages 42, 44 and 46 within treatments showed that individuals in the last stage demonstrated the highest intensities of lipid oxidative damage in both the control and desiccation groups. As for the parameters of the antioxidant system, control individuals displayed greater variety in response to changes induced by metamorphic climax than individuals exposed to desiccation treatment. The overall decrease in water availability during development led to increased oxidative stress and modifications in the pattern of AOS response to changes induced by metamorphic climax in larvae of B. variegata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara G. Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.G.P.); (J.P.G.); (S.G.D.); (B.R.G.); (T.B.R.); (M.D.P.)
| | - Ana Kijanović
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (N.K.T.); (T.V.)
| | - Nataša Kolarov Tomašević
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (N.K.T.); (T.V.)
| | - Jelena P. Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.G.P.); (J.P.G.); (S.G.D.); (B.R.G.); (T.B.R.); (M.D.P.)
| | - Svetlana G. Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.G.P.); (J.P.G.); (S.G.D.); (B.R.G.); (T.B.R.); (M.D.P.)
| | - Branka R. Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.G.P.); (J.P.G.); (S.G.D.); (B.R.G.); (T.B.R.); (M.D.P.)
| | - Tijana B. Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.G.P.); (J.P.G.); (S.G.D.); (B.R.G.); (T.B.R.); (M.D.P.)
| | - Tanja Vukov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.K.); (N.K.T.); (T.V.)
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Marko D. Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.G.P.); (J.P.G.); (S.G.D.); (B.R.G.); (T.B.R.); (M.D.P.)
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Bal A, Panda F, Pati SG, Das K, Agrawal PK, Paital B. Modulation of physiological oxidative stress and antioxidant status by abiotic factors especially salinity in aquatic organisms. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 241:108971. [PMID: 33421636 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to a variety of environmental factors such as temperature, pH, oxygen and salinity may influence the oxidative status in aquatic organisms. The present review article focuses on the modulation of oxidative stress with reference to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aquatic animals from different phyla. The focus of the review article is to explore the plausible mechanisms of physiological changes occurring in aquatic animals due to altered salinity in terms of oxidative stress. Apart from the seasonal variations in salinity, global warming and anthropogenic activities have also been found to influence oxidative health status of aquatic organisms. These effects are discussed with an objective to develop precautionary measures to protect the diversity of aquatic species with sustainable conservation. Comparative analyses among different aquatic species suggest that salinity alone or in combination with other abiotic factors are intricately associated with modulation in oxidative stress in a species-specific manner in aquatic animals. Osmoregulation under salinity stress in relation to energy demand and supply are also discussed. The literature survey of >50 years (1960-2020) indicates that oxidative stress status and comparative analysis of redox modulation have evolved from the analysis of various biotic and/or abiotic factors to the study of cellular signalling pathways in these aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhipsa Bal
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India
| | - Falguni Panda
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India
| | - Samar Gourav Pati
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India
| | - Kajari Das
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Agrawal
- Main Building, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India
| | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, India.
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14
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Prokić MD, Petrović TG, Despotović SG, Vučić T, Gavrić JP, Radovanović TB, Gavrilović BR. The effect of short-term fasting on the oxidative status of larvae of crested newt species and their hybrids. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 251:110819. [PMID: 33022409 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In nature, animals often face periods without food caused by seasonal fluctuations and/or prey scarcity. An organism's physiological response to imposed energetic limitations is followed by changes in mitochondrial functioning (adjustment of energy metabolism) and a reduction of non-essential processes. However, this energy-saving strategy can have its costs. In this study, we examined oxidative stress as one of the possible physiological costs of short-term, two-week-long food deprivation on developing amphibian larvae of the crested newts Triturus macedonicus and Triturus ivanbureschi and their hybrids. We investigated whether this exogenous factor additionally affected the oxidative status (fitness-related trait) of hybrid individuals. The fasting treatment led to lower growth and a lower body mass and body condition index of individuals. The results revealed that the antioxidant system (AOS) of food-deprived larvae could not cope in a proper manner with reactive oxygen species production under limited energy availability, leading to higher lipid oxidative damage. The lowest AOS response was observed for H2O2 scavenging parameters (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and total glutathione), which together with the elevated activity of superoxide dismutase suggested increased H2O2 concentrations. Comparison between parental species and their hybrids showed that hybrid individuals suffered greater oxidative damage (as demonstrated by higher concentrations of lipid peroxides), indicating that they were more susceptible to fasting-induced oxidative stress. Overall, this study illustrates that: (i) an oxidative event is one of the costs amphibian larvae face during short-term periods of fasting, (ii) hybrids are less capable of dealing with this stressful condition, which can lower their chances of survival in a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tamara G Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Vučić
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Biology, Institute for Zoology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena P Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana B Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka R Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Boiarski DR, Toigo CM, Sobjak TM, Santos AFP, Romão S, Guimarães ATB. Assessment of antioxidant system, cholinesterase activity and histopathology in Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles exposed to water from an urban stream. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:314-326. [PMID: 32107698 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities promote changes in community structure and decrease the species abundance of amphibians. The aim of this study was to assess potential alterations in the antioxidant system and cholinesterase activity, histopathological and oxidative damage in Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles exposed to water from the Cascavel River, in Southern Brazil. Water samples (140 L each) were collected from the headwater, urban and rural areas of the river. Tadpoles were acclimated for seven days. After acclimatization tadpoles were reared in water from the river, except for the control aquarium. After seven days, a portion of the liver was removed and prepared for cholinesterase (ChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) analysis; another part of the tissue was prepared for histological examination. An elevation of CAT activity was observed for water from both urban and rural environments. A decrease in LPO reaction was detected, mainly among the tadpoles exposed to water from the rural area. These alternations can cause delay the metamorphosis and lead to metabolic dysfunction, interfering in survival capacity and diminishing, not only individual fitness, but that of the whole population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Romagna Boiarski
- Undergraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Camila Maria Toigo
- Graduate Program in Conservation and Management of Natural Resources Postgraduate Program, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Thaís Maylin Sobjak
- Undergraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná-UTFPR, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil.
| | | | - Silvia Romão
- Graduate Program in Agroecology and Sustainable Development, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Laranjeiras do Sul, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães
- Undergraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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16
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The Effect of Shelter on Oxidative Stress and Aggressive Behavior in Crested Newt Larvae ( Triturus spp.). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040603. [PMID: 32244815 PMCID: PMC7222759 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Shelters are important for animal survival. Provision of adequate hiding places allow animals to express their natural sheltering behavior and it can have different positive effects on cortisol levels, physiological processes and mental performance. Although the absence of a refuge activates some stress response, its effect on oxidative stress has not been adequately examined. This study investigated whether the presence/absence of a shelter modifies the oxidative status (the antioxidant system and oxidative damage) and aggressive behavior of crested newt larvae (Triturus macedonicus and its hybrid with T. ivanbureschi). Our results show that individuals reared with shelters had lower values of the tested antioxidant parameters (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione), indicating a lower production of reactive species than individuals reared without shelter. The same pattern was observed in both T. macedonicus and its hybrid. Contrary to the activation of some physiological pathways, shelter availability did not significantly affect the rate of intraspecific aggressive behavior. The physiological benefits of shelter use can be manifested as a lower requirement for investment in the energy necessary for the maintenance of the upregulated antioxidant defenses, activation of repair systems and synthesis of endogenous antioxidants. This study highlights the importance of shelter provision, which may be valuable in habitat restoration and animal conservation studies.
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17
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Florencio M, Burraco P, Rendón MÁ, Díaz-Paniagua C, Gomez-Mestre I. Opposite and synergistic physiological responses to water acidity and predator cues in spadefoot toad tadpoles. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 242:110654. [PMID: 31926298 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Organisms are exposed to multiple environmental factors simultaneously to which they often respond behaviorally, morphologically and/or physiologically. Amphibian larvae are quite plastic and efficiently adjust their phenotype and physiology to the reigning local conditions. Here we tested whether the combination of predator presence and low water pH induces alterations in the morphology and physiology of spadefoot toad tadpoles. We raised Pelobates cultripes tadpoles in the laboratory in water at either pH 4 or 7, and in the presence or absence of caged dragonfly nymphs, and determined their changes in shape through geometric morphometrics to assess whether predator recognition was impaired or not at low pH. We also measured levels of plasma corticosterone, activity of four antioxidant enzymes, as well as markers of oxidative damage and redox status. We found that tadpoles altered their body shape in response to predator cues even at low pH, indicating that predator recognition was not interfered by water acidity and developmental responses were robust even under abiotic stress. Water acidity was associated with increased corticosterone levels in tadpoles, whereas predator presence consistently reduced corticosterone levels. Predator presence was linked to reduced antioxidant enzyme activity, whereas the combination of both factors resulted in negative synergistic effects on lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant capacity of tadpoles. Here we show that tadpoles detect predators even at low pH but that the development of adaptive anti-predatory morphology can magnify physiological imbalances when other stressors co-occur. These results emphasize the need to understand how multiple environmental perturbations can affect animal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Florencio
- Ecology, Evolution and Development Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Seville, Spain; Dept. of Ecology, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Burraco
- Ecology, Evolution and Development Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Seville, Spain; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Ángel Rendón
- Dept. of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Carmen Díaz-Paniagua
- Ecology, Evolution and Development Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Ivan Gomez-Mestre
- Ecology, Evolution and Development Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Seville, Spain.
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