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Ma F, Yao J, Niu X, Zhang J, Shi D, Da M. MARK4 promotes the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer through the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 261:155471. [PMID: 39079384 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microtubule affinity regulating kinase 4 (MARK4), which is overexpressed in various tumors, is involved in the regulation of cell division, proliferation, migration, and the cell cycle, and has been considered a potential marker for cancer; however, its mechanism of action in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of MARK4 in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cell through the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway by targeting MARK4 knockdown. METHODS Using The Cancer Genome Atlas data and clinical information, MARK4 expression and its relationship with prognosis were analyzed. Possible pathways involving MARK4 were explored using enrichment analysis. Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect MARK4 expression in GC. After targeted transfection of siRNA, the transfection efficiency of the experimental group was detected in AGS and HGC-27 cells. The effects of knockdown MARK4 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells were verified using CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Finally, the relationship between MARK4, the MAPK/ERK pathway, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in GC was verified by western blotting. RESULTS MARK4 expression was upregulated in GC and associated with poor prognosis in patients with GC. Enrichment analysis showed that MARK4 was involved in the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Western blotting results indicated that MARK4 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells through the MAPK/ERK pathway. CONCLUSION MARK4 expression was upregulated in GC and promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells through the MAPK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fubin Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, PR China.
| | - Jibin Yao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China; Department of Surgical Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Xingdong Niu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Junrui Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Donghai Shi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Mingxu Da
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China; Department of Surgical Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China.
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Zhang L, Su B, Huang J, Zhang L, Chang Y, Hu G. Fine Mapping of QTLs for Alkaline Tolerance in Crucian Carp ( Carassius auratus) Using Genome-Wide SNP Markers. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:751. [PMID: 38927687 PMCID: PMC11202869 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Crucian carp (Carassius auratus) is widely distributed in the world and has become an economically freshwater fish. The population in Lake Dali Nur can tolerate the extreme alkaline environment with alkalinity over 50 mmol/L (pH 9.6), thus providing a special model for exploring alkali-tolerant molecular markers in an extremely alkaline environment. In this study, we constructed a high-density and high-resolution linkage map with 16,224 SNP markers based on genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) consisting of 152 progenies and conducted QTL studies for alkali-tolerant traits. The total length of the linkage map was 3918.893 cM, with an average distance of 0.241 cM. Two QTLs for the ammonia-N-tolerant trait were detected on LG27 and LG45. A QTL for the urea-N-tolerant trait was detected on LG27. Interestingly, mapping the two QTLs on LG27 revealed that the mapped genes were both located in the intron of CDC42. GO functional annotation and KEGG enrichment analysis results indicated that the biological functions might be involved in the cell cycle, cellular senescence, MAPK, and Ras signaling pathways. These findings suggest that CDC42 may play an important role in the process of dealing with extremely alkaline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China;
| | - Baofeng Su
- Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (B.S.); (J.H.); (L.Z.)
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (B.S.); (J.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Limin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (B.S.); (J.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yumei Chang
- Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China; (B.S.); (J.H.); (L.Z.)
| | - Guo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China;
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Microarrays towards nanoarrays and the future Next Generation of Sequencing methodologies (NGS). SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Gilmiyarova FN, Kolotyeva NA, Gusyakova OA. Predicted and Experimentally Validated Lactate Characteristics: New Possibilities for Controlling Endothelial Cell Metabolism. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yao X, Bierbach U. DNA Adduct Detection after Post-Labeling Technique with PCR Amplification (DNA-ADAPT-qPCR) Identifies the Pre-Ribosomal RNA Gene as a Direct Target of Platinum-Acridine Anticancer Agents. Chemistry 2021; 27:14681-14689. [PMID: 34375484 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To study the DNA damage caused by a potent platinum-acridine anticancer agent (PA) in cancer cells, an assay based on biorthogonal post-labeling using a click chemistry-enabled, azide-modified derivative (APA) was developed. The method involves biotinylation, affinity capture, and bead-based enrichment of APA-modified genomic DNA. The key steps of the assay were validated and optimized in model duplexes, including full-length plasmids, restriction fragments, and a DNA ladder. Native DNA treated with APA and subsequently subjected to post-labeling with a biotin affinity tag was enzymatically digested and fragments were analyzed by in-line LC-MS and MS/MS. The monofunctional-intercalative adducts formed by APA in 5´-pyrimidine/guanine sequences in double-stranded DNA are quantitatively biotinylated by strain-promoted 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition chemistry. When applied to DNA extracted from A549 lung cancer cells, the assay in combination with qPCR amplification demonstrates that platinum-acridines form adducts in the gene sequences encoding pre-ribosomal RNA, a potential pharmacological target of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyuan Yao
- Wake Forest University, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Ulrich Bierbach
- Wake Forest University, Chemistry, 1834 Wake Forest Rd, 27109, Winston-Salem, UNITED STATES
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Baraniak D, Boryski J. Triazole-Modified Nucleic Acids for the Application in Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry. Biomedicines 2021; 9:628. [PMID: 34073038 PMCID: PMC8229351 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review covers studies which exploit triazole-modified nucleic acids in the range of chemistry and biology to medicine. The 1,2,3-triazole unit, which is obtained via click chemistry approach, shows valuable and unique properties. For example, it does not occur in nature, constitutes an additional pharmacophore with attractive properties being resistant to hydrolysis and other reactions at physiological pH, exhibits biological activity (i.e., antibacterial, antitumor, and antiviral), and can be considered as a rigid mimetic of amide linkage. Herein, it is presented a whole area of useful artificial compounds, from the clickable monomers and dimers to modified oligonucleotides, in the field of nucleic acids sciences. Such modifications of internucleotide linkages are designed to increase the hybridization binding affinity toward native DNA or RNA, to enhance resistance to nucleases, and to improve ability to penetrate cell membranes. The insertion of an artificial backbone is used for understanding effects of chemically modified oligonucleotides, and their potential usefulness in therapeutic applications. We describe the state-of-the-art knowledge on their implications for synthetic genes and other large modified DNA and RNA constructs including non-coding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Baraniak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland;
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Johannes L. The Cellular and Chemical Biology of Endocytic Trafficking and Intracellular Delivery-The GL-Lect Hypothesis. Molecules 2021; 26:3299. [PMID: 34072622 PMCID: PMC8198588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid membranes are common to all forms of life. While being stable barriers that delimitate the cell as the fundamental organismal unit, biological membranes are highly dynamic by allowing for lateral diffusion, transbilayer passage via selective channels, and in eukaryotic cells for endocytic uptake through the formation of membrane bound vesicular or tubular carriers. Two of the most abundant fundamental fabrics of membranes-lipids and complex sugars-are produced through elaborate chains of biosynthetic enzymes, which makes it difficult to study them by conventional reverse genetics. This review illustrates how organic synthesis provides access to uncharted areas of membrane glycobiology research and its application to biomedicine. For this Special Issue on Chemical Biology Research in France, focus will be placed on synthetic approaches (i) to study endocytic functions of glycosylated proteins and lipids according to the GlycoLipid-Lectin (GL-Lect) hypothesis, notably that of Shiga toxin; (ii) to mechanistically dissect its endocytosis and intracellular trafficking with small molecule; and (iii) to devise intracellular delivery strategies for immunotherapy and tumor targeting. It will be pointed out how the chemical biologist's view on lipids, sugars, and proteins synergizes with biophysics and modeling to "look" into the membrane for atomistic scale insights on molecular rearrangements that drive the biogenesis of endocytic carriers in processes of clathrin-independent endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Johannes
- Cellular and Chemical Biology Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, U1143 INSERM, UMR3666 CNRS, 26 rue d'Ulm, CEDEX 05, 75248 Paris, France
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Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability (DARTS ) Assay to Detect Interaction Between a Purified Protein and a Small Molecule. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2213:175-182. [PMID: 33270202 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0954-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assay is used to detect the interaction between a ligand and a protein based on the observation that some ligands can protect the target protein from degradation by proteases when mixed in a solution. To set up the assay, a ligand is first mixed with a purified candidate target protein or a total cell lysate that contains a candidate target protein. Then, different amounts of protease are added to the mixture to allow the enzyme to digest the protein in the mixture. After protease digestion, the candidate target protein is detected by assays such as western blot, silver staining, or Coomassie blue staining. In theory, the candidate protein should be protected by the ligand from protease digestion, which is reflected by higher abundance of the candidate protein in mixtures containing the ligand compared with the control treatment. There are a few significant advantages of DARTS: (a) the ligand does not need to be modified so the native ligand could be used; (b) the candidate target protein could be either purified protein or protein that is present in the total cell lysate; and (c) the assay can be used together with proteomics analysis to identify an unknown target protein. The assay is especially valuable to test the interaction between the ligand and membrane proteins that are often challenging to purify. In this chapter, we use Endosidin2 (ES2) and its target protein Arabidopsis thaliana EXO70A1 (AtEXO70A1) as an example to show the step-by-step procedure of the DARTS assay.
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Peerzada M, Khan P, Khan NS, Avecilla F, Siddiqui SM, Hassan MI, Azam A. Design and Development of Small-Molecule Arylaldoxime/5-Nitroimidazole Hybrids as Potent Inhibitors of MARK4: A Promising Approach for Target-Based Cancer Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22759-22771. [PMID: 32954123 PMCID: PMC7495461 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 (MARK4), a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, is an emerging therapeutic target in anticancer drug discovery paradigm due to its involvement in regulation of microtubule dynamics, cell cycle regulation, and cancer progression. Therefore, to identify the novel chemical architecture for the design and development of novel MARK4 inhibitors with concomitant radical scavenging property, a series of small-molecule arylaldoxime/5-nitroimidazole conjugates were designed and synthesized via multistep chemical reactions following the pharmacophoric hybridization approach. Compound 4h was identified as a promising MARK4 inhibitor with high selectivity toward MARK4 inhibition as compared to the panel of screened 30 kinases pertaining to the serine/threonine family, which was validated by molecular docking and fluorescence binding studies. The comprehensive cell-based examination divulged the promising apoptotic, antiproliferative, and antioxidant potential for the chemotype 4h. The compound 4h was endowed with the K a value of 3.6 × 103 M-1 for human serum albumin, which reflects its remarkable transportation and delivery properties to the target site via blood. The present study impedes that in the future, such compounds may stand as optimized pharmacological lead candidates in drug discovery for targeting cancer via MARK4 inhibition with a remarkable anticancer profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir
Nabi Peerzada
- Medicinal
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Parvez Khan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nashrah Sharif Khan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
- Department
of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Fernando Avecilla
- Grupo
Xenomar, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas
(CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Shadab Miyan Siddiqui
- Medicinal
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Amir Azam
- Medicinal
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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