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Wanelik KM, Begon M, Bradley JE, Friberg IM, Jackson JA, Taylor CH, Paterson S. Effects of an IgE receptor polymorphism acting on immunity, susceptibility to infection, and reproduction in a wild rodent. eLife 2023; 12:e77666. [PMID: 36645701 PMCID: PMC9842384 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The genotype of an individual is an important predictor of their immune function, and subsequently, their ability to control or avoid infection and ultimately contribute offspring to the next generation. However, the same genotype, subjected to different intrinsic and/or extrinsic environments, can also result in different phenotypic outcomes, which can be missed in controlled laboratory studies. Natural wildlife populations, which capture both genotypic and environmental variability, provide an opportunity to more fully understand the phenotypic expression of genetic variation. We identified a synonymous polymorphism in the high-affinity Immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor (GC and non-GC haplotypes) that has sex-dependent effects on immune gene expression, susceptibility to infection, and reproductive success of individuals in a natural population of field voles (Microtus agrestis). We found that the effect of the GC haplotype on the expression of immune genes differed between sexes. Regardless of sex, both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes were more highly relatively expressed in individuals with the GC haplotype than individuals without the haplotype. However, males with the GC haplotype showed a stronger signal for pro-inflammatory genes, while females showed a stronger signal for anti-inflammatory genes. Furthermore, we found an effect of the GC haplotype on the probability of infection with a common microparasite, Babesia microti, in females - with females carrying the GC haplotype being more likely to be infected. Finally, we found an effect of the GC haplotype on reproductive success in males - with males carrying the GC haplotype having a lower reproductive success. This is a rare example of a polymorphism whose consequences we are able to follow across immunity, infection, and reproduction for both males and females in a natural population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara M Wanelik
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Mike Begon
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Janette E Bradley
- School of Life Sciences, University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Ida M Friberg
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of SalfordSalfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Joseph A Jackson
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of SalfordSalfordUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Steve Paterson
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom
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2
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Fu Y, Wu T, Yu H, Xu J, Zhang JZ, Fu DY, Ye H. The Transcription of Flight Energy Metabolism Enzymes Declined with Aging While Enzyme Activity Increased in the Long-Distance Migratory Moth, Spodoptera frugiperda. INSECTS 2022; 13:936. [PMID: 36292884 PMCID: PMC9604208 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Of all the things that can fly, the flight mechanisms of insects are possibly the least understood. By using RNAseq, we studied the aging-associated gene expression changes in the thorax of Spodoptera frugiperda females. Three possible flight energy metabolism pathways were constructed based on 32 key metabolic enzymes found in S. frugiperda. Differential expression analysis revealed up to 2000 DEGs within old females versus young ones. Expression and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that most genes and pathways related to energy metabolism and other biological processes, such as transport, redox, longevity and signaling pathway, were downregulated with aging. However, activity assay showed that the activities of all the five tested key enzymes increased with age. The age-associated transcriptional decrease and activity increase in these enzymes suggest that these enzymes are stable. S. frugiperda is a long-distance migrator, and a high activity of enzymes may be important to guarantee a high flight capacity. The activity ratio of GAPDH/HOAD ranged from 0.594 to 0.412, suggesting that lipid is the main fuel of this species, particularly in old individuals. Moreover, the expression of enzymes in the proline oxidation pathway increased with age, suggesting that this energy metabolic pathway also is important for this species or linked to some aging-specific processes. In addition, the expression of immunity- and repair-related genes also increased with age. This study established the overall transcriptome framework of the flight muscle and aging-associated expression change trajectories in an insect for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, School of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, School of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, School of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jun-Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Da-Ying Fu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, School of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Hui Ye
- School of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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3
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Siracusa ER, Higham JP, Snyder-Mackler N, Brent LJN. Social ageing: exploring the drivers of late-life changes in social behaviour in mammals. Biol Lett 2022; 18:20210643. [PMID: 35232274 PMCID: PMC8889194 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Social interactions help group-living organisms cope with socio-environmental challenges and are central to survival and reproductive success. Recent research has shown that social behaviour and relationships can change across the lifespan, a phenomenon referred to as 'social ageing'. Given the importance of social integration for health and well-being, age-dependent changes in social behaviour can modulate how fitness changes with age and may be an important source of unexplained variation in individual patterns of senescence. However, integrating social behaviour into ageing research requires a deeper understanding of the causes and consequences of age-based changes in social behaviour. Here, we provide an overview of the drivers of late-life changes in sociality. We suggest that explanations for social ageing can be categorized into three groups: changes in sociality that (a) occur as a result of senescence; (b) result from adaptations to ameliorate the negative effects of senescence; and/or (c) result from positive effects of age and demographic changes. Quantifying the relative contribution of these processes to late-life changes in sociality will allow us to move towards a more holistic understanding of how and why these patterns emerge and will provide important insights into the potential for social ageing to delay or accelerate other patterns of senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Siracusa
- School of Psychology, Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - James P Higham
- Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noah Snyder-Mackler
- Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.,School for Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Lauren J N Brent
- School of Psychology, Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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4
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Rebol EJ, Anderson DJ. Sex-specific aging in bite force in a wild vertebrate. Exp Gerontol 2021; 159:111661. [PMID: 34923056 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The manifold differences between the sexes provide wide scope for sex differences in senescence. However, detecting physiological decline in old age and evaluating any sex difference in aging in a wild population can be challenging. This applies especially to long-lived species that require marking around birth in order to recognize elderly individuals, perhaps decades later. Here, we used bite force of known-age, long-lived Nazca boobies (Sula granti, a seabird) as a functional measure of muscle strength; surprisingly, only a single study has evaluated the possibility of senescent decline in muscle strength in a wild vertebrate. The male-biased adult sex ratio of this population constrains breeding opportunities across the lifespan for males, so we predicted that slower accumulation of reproductive costs would delay senescent decline in bite force in males compared to females, matching observed patterns in some non-muscle traits in this species. Data were collected from 349 adults using a force transducer at the start of the breeding season in November 2017 on Isla Española, Galápagos. Both sexes achieved less bite force in late life. The decline began at a later age in males, providing evidence of sex-specific schedules of decline in muscle function in a wild vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erynn J Rebol
- Dept. of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27106, USA.
| | - David J Anderson
- Dept. of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27106, USA
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5
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Antonova EP, Ilyukha VA, Kizhina AG, Uzenbaeva LB, Khizhkin EA, Kalinina SN, Baishnikova IV, Pechorina EF. Age-Related and Seasonal Changes in Muscle Antioxidant Defense and Erythrocyte Morphometric Parameters of a Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209302005004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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González NT, Otali E, Machanda Z, Muller MN, Wrangham R, Thompson ME. Urinary markers of oxidative stress respond to infection and late-life in wild chimpanzees. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238066. [PMID: 32916689 PMCID: PMC7486137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays a marked role in aging and results from a variety of stressors, making it a powerful measure of health and a way to examine costs associated with life history investments within and across species. However, few urinary OS markers have been examined under field conditions, particularly in primates, and their utility to non-invasively monitor the costs of acute stressors versus the long-term damage associated with aging is poorly understood. In this study, we examined variation in 5 urinary markers of oxidative damage and protection under 5 validation paradigms for 37 wild, chimpanzees living in the Kibale National Park, Uganda. We used 924 urine samples to examine responses to acute immune challenge (respiratory illness or severe wounding), as well as mixed-longitudinal and intra-individual variation with age. DNA damage (8-OHdG) correlated positively with all other markers of damage (F-isoprostanes, MDA-TBARS, and neopterin) but did not correlate with protection (total antioxidant capacity). Within individuals, all markers of damage responded to at least one if not both types of acute infection. While OS is expected to increase with age, this was not generally true in chimpanzees. However, significant changes in oxidative damage were detected within past-prime individuals and those close to death. Our results indicate that OS can be measured using field-collected urine and integrates short- and long-term aspects of health. They further suggest that more data are needed from long-lived, wild animals to illuminate if common age-related increases in inflammation and OS damage are typical or recently aberrant in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Thompson González
- University of New Mexico, Department of Anthropology, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- University of New Mexico, Academic Science Education and Research Training Program, Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Emily Otali
- Kibale Chimpanzee Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Zarin Machanda
- Kibale Chimpanzee Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
- Tufts University, Department of Anthropology, Medford, MA, United States of America
| | - Martin N. Muller
- University of New Mexico, Department of Anthropology, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- Kibale Chimpanzee Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Richard Wrangham
- Kibale Chimpanzee Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
- Harvard University, Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Melissa Emery Thompson
- University of New Mexico, Department of Anthropology, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- Kibale Chimpanzee Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
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7
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Jimenez AG, O'Connor ES, Elliott KH. Muscle myonuclear domain, but not oxidative stress, decreases with age in a long-lived seabird with high activity costs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.211185. [PMID: 31488626 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.211185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In birds, many physiological parameters appear to remain constant with increasing age, showing no deterioration until 'catastrophic' mortality sets in. Given their high whole-organism metabolic rate and the importance of flight in foraging and predator avoidance, flight muscle deterioration and accumulated oxidative stress and tissue deterioration may be an important contributor to physiological senescence in wild birds. As a by-product of aerobic respiration, reactive oxygen species are produced and can cause structural damage within cells. The anti-oxidant system deters oxidative damage to macromolecules. We examined oxidative stress and muscle ultrastructure in thick-billed murres aged 8 to 37 years (N=50) in pectoralis muscle biopsies. When considered in general linear models with body mass, body size and sex, no oxidative stress parameter varied with age. In contrast, there was a decrease in myonuclear domain similar to that seen in human muscle aging. We conclude that for wild birds with very high flight activity levels, muscle ultrastructural changes may be an important contributor to demographic senescence. Such gradual, linear declines in muscle morphology may eventually contribute to 'catastrophic' failure in foraging or predator avoidance abilities, leading to demographic senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gabriela Jimenez
- Colgate University, Department of Biology, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA
| | - Erin S O'Connor
- Colgate University, Department of Biology, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA
| | - Kyle H Elliott
- McGill University, Department of Natural Resources Sciences, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3L9
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8
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Allen KN, Vázquez-Medina JP, Lawler JM, Mellish JAE, Horning M, Hindle AG. Muscular apoptosis but not oxidative stress increases with old age in a long-lived diver, the Weddell seal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.200246. [PMID: 31171605 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.200246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Seals experience repeated bouts of ischemia-reperfusion while diving, potentially exposing their tissues to increased oxidant generation and thus oxidative damage and accelerated aging. We contrasted markers of oxidative damage with antioxidant profiles across age and sex for propulsive (longissismus dorsi) and maneuvering (pectoralis) muscles of Weddell seals to determine whether previously observed morphological senescence is associated with oxidative stress. In longissismus dorsi, old (age 17-26 years) seals exhibited a nearly 2-fold increase in apoptosis over young (age 9-16 years) seals. There was no evidence of age-associated changes in lipid peroxidation or enzymatic antioxidant profiles. In pectoralis, 4-hydroxynonenal-Lys (4-HNE-Lys) levels increased 1.5-fold in old versus young seals, but lipid hydroperoxide levels and apoptotic index did not vary with age. Glutathione peroxidase activity was 1.5-fold higher in pectoralis of old versus young animals, but no other antioxidants changed with age in this muscle. With respect to sex, no differences in lipid hydroperoxides or apoptosis were observed in either muscle. Males had higher HSP70 expression (1.4-fold) and glutathione peroxidase activity (1.3-fold) than females in longissismus dorsi, although glutathione reductase activity was 1.4-fold higher in females. No antioxidants varied with sex in pectoralis. These results show that apoptosis is not associated with oxidative stress in aged Weddell seal muscles. Additionally, the data suggest that adult seals utilize sex-specific antioxidant strategies in longissismus dorsi but not pectoralis to protect skeletal muscles from oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin N Allen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building #3140, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - José Pablo Vázquez-Medina
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, 3040 Valley Life Sciences Building #3140, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - John M Lawler
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | - Jo-Ann E Mellish
- School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Markus Horning
- Alaska SeaLife Center, 301 Railway Avenue, Seward, AK 99664, USA.,Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, 2030 Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA
| | - Allyson G Hindle
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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9
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A procession of metabolic alterations accompanying muscle senescence in Manduca sexta. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1006. [PMID: 29343811 PMCID: PMC5772441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological aging profoundly impairs muscle function, performance, and metabolism. Because the progression of metabolic alterations associated with aging muscle has not been chronicled, we tracked the metabolic profiles of flight muscle from middle to advanced age in Manduca sexta to identify key molecules during the progression of muscle aging, as well as to evaluate the utility of the M. sexta system for molecular dissection of muscle aging. We identified a number of differences between Diel Time, Sexes, and Muscle Ages, including changes in metabolites related to energetics, extracellular matrix turnover, and glutathione metabolism. Increased abundances of glycolytic metabolites suggest a shift toward increased glycolysis with advancing age, whereas decreased abundances in lysolipids and acylcarnitines reflect decreasing beta-oxidation. We also observed a shift towards decreased polyamine metabolism with age, which might result in an age-related decline in lipid metabolism possibly due to regulation of energy metabolism by polyamines. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the feasibility of our system and approach and provide a deeper understanding of lepidopteran aging. More importantly, the results identify the key altered metabolic pathways that collectively contribute to the muscle aging phenotype and thereby improve our understanding of muscle senescence.
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10
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Reduced activity in middle-aged thick-billed murres: evidence for age related trends in fine-scale foraging behaviour. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Lawler JM, Rodriguez DA, Hord JM. Mitochondria in the middle: exercise preconditioning protection of striated muscle. J Physiol 2016; 594:5161-83. [PMID: 27060608 PMCID: PMC5023703 DOI: 10.1113/jp270656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular and physiological adaptations to an atmosphere which became enriched in molecular oxygen spurred the development of a layered system of stress protection, including antioxidant and stress response proteins. At physiological levels reactive oxygen and nitrogen species regulate cell signalling as well as intracellular and intercellular communication. Exercise and physical activity confer a variety of stressors on skeletal muscle and the cardiovascular system: mechanical, metabolic, oxidative. Transient increases of stressors during acute bouts of exercise or exercise training stimulate enhancement of cellular stress protection against future insults of oxidative, metabolic and mechanical stressors that could induce injury or disease. This phenomenon has been termed both hormesis and exercise preconditioning (EPC). EPC stimulates transcription factors such as Nrf-1 and heat shock factor-1 and up-regulates gene expression of a cadre of cytosolic (e.g. glutathione peroxidase and heat shock proteins) and mitochondrial adaptive or stress proteins (e.g. manganese superoxide dismutase, mitochondrial KATP channels and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1)). Stress response and antioxidant enzyme inducibility with exercise lead to protection against striated muscle damage, oxidative stress and injury. EPC may indeed provide significant clinical protection against ischaemia-reperfusion injury, Type II diabetes and ageing. New molecular mechanisms of protection, such as δ-opioid receptor regulation and mitophagy, reinforce the notion that mitochondrial adaptations (e.g. heat shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes and sirtuin-1/PGC-1 signalling) are central to the protective effects of exercise preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Lawler
- Redox Biology & Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Graduate Faculty of Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Dinah A Rodriguez
- Redox Biology & Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Graduate Faculty of Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Hord
- Redox Biology & Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Graduate Faculty of Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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12
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Losing grip: Senescent decline in physical strength in a small-bodied primate in captivity and in the wild. Exp Gerontol 2015; 61:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Jégo M, Lemaître JF, Bourgoin G, Capron G, Warnant C, Klein F, Gilot-Fromont E, Gaillard JM. Haematological parameters do senesce in the wild: evidence from different populations of a long-lived mammal. J Evol Biol 2014; 27:2745-52. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Jégo
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; UMR CNRS 5558; Villeurbanne Cedex France
- Université de Lyon; VetAgroSup; Marcy-l'Étoile France
| | - J.-F. Lemaître
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; UMR CNRS 5558; Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - G. Bourgoin
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; UMR CNRS 5558; Villeurbanne Cedex France
- Université de Lyon; VetAgroSup; Marcy-l'Étoile France
| | - G. Capron
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage; Centre National de Recherches Appliquées sur les Cervidés-Sanglier; Bar-le-Duc France
| | - C. Warnant
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage; Centre National de Recherches Appliquées sur les Cervidés-Sanglier; Bar-le-Duc France
| | - F. Klein
- Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage; Centre National de Recherches Appliquées sur les Cervidés-Sanglier; Bar-le-Duc France
| | - E. Gilot-Fromont
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; UMR CNRS 5558; Villeurbanne Cedex France
- Université de Lyon; VetAgroSup; Marcy-l'Étoile France
| | - J-M. Gaillard
- Université de Lyon; Université Lyon 1; UMR CNRS 5558; Villeurbanne Cedex France
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14
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Selman C, Blount JD, Nussey DH, Speakman JR. Oxidative damage, ageing, and life-history evolution: where now? Trends Ecol Evol 2012; 27:570-7. [PMID: 22789512 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The idea that resources are limited and animals can maximise fitness by trading costly activities off against one another forms the basis of life-history theory. Although investment in reproduction or growth negatively affects survival, the mechanisms underlying such trade-offs remain obscure. One plausible mechanism is oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we critically evaluate the premise that ROS-induced oxidative damage shapes life history, focussing on birds and mammals, and highlight the importance of ecological studies examining free-living animals within this experimental framework. We conclude by emphasising the value of using multiple assays to determine oxidative protection and damage. We also highlight the importance of using standardised and appropriate protocols, and discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Selman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK.
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15
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Kanerva M, Routti H, Tamuz Y, Nyman M, Nikinmaa M. Antioxidative defense and oxidative stress in ringed seals (Pusa hispida) from differently polluted areas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 114-115:67-72. [PMID: 22417762 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
High contaminant levels detected in Baltic seals have been associated with various health effects. In this study several parameters related to antioxidative defense and oxidative stress (concentrations of reduced and oxidised glutathione, lipid hydroperoxide and vitamin E, activities of glutathione reductase, peroxidase and S-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalase, and superoxidedismutase) were measured in the livers of ringed seals from the Baltic Sea and from a less contaminated reference area, Svalbard, Norway. Seals were caught during two different time periods 1996-1997 and 2002-2007, which represent different levels of contamination. No signs of oxidative damage were found in the Baltic seals. However, glutathione metabolism was enhanced in the ringed seals from the Baltic Sea compared to the seals from Svalbard. The adaptation to dive where repetitive ischemia/reperfusion occurs naturally may contribute to the resistance of oxidative stress and to the capacity to increase enzymatic antioxidant defense in phocid seals. This could explain the similarities in oxidative stress levels despite the differences in antioxidant responses between the ringed seals from the Baltic Sea and Svalbard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Kanerva
- Division of Genetics and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
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16
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Costantini D, Ferrari C, Pasquaretta C, Cavallone E, Carere C, von Hardenberg A, Réale D. Interplay between plasma oxidative status, cortisol and coping styles in wild alpine marmots, Marmota marmota. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 215:374-83. [PMID: 22189781 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.062034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Variation in how individuals cope behaviourally and physiologically with stressors is widespread and can have a significant impact on life-history traits and fitness. Individual coping styles are characterised by differential behavioural and adrenocortical reactivity to various challenges. As stress hormones can affect the production of reactive chemical species and the antioxidant status, individuals with different coping styles may differ also in oxidative status. Field studies on wild mammalian populations are few in number and none so far has simultaneously tested the relationship between coping style, adrenocortical reactivity and oxidative status in the same individuals. We measured individual variation in coping styles along a proactive-reactive continuum together with variation in baseline and stress-induced plasma oxidative damage, plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and cortisol in wild alpine marmots, Marmota marmota. Confirmatory path analysis revealed that different coping styles are accompanied by different baseline and stress-induced plasma oxidative statuses. Our findings also highlight the potential role of cortisol as a mediator of such differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Costantini
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Graham Kerr Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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LAWLER JOHNM, KWAK HYOBUM, KIM JONGHEE, LEE YANG, HORD JEFFREYM, MARTINEZ DANIELA. Biphasic Stress Response in the Soleus during Reloading after Hind Limb Unloading. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012; 44:600-9. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e31823ab37a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vázquez-Medina JP, Zenteno-Savín T, Elsner R, Ortiz RM. Coping with physiological oxidative stress: a review of antioxidant strategies in seals. J Comp Physiol B 2012; 182:741-50. [PMID: 22327141 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-012-0652-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
While diving, seals are exposed to apnea-induced hypoxemia and repetitive cycles of ischemia/reperfusion. While on land, seals experience sleep apnea, as well as prolonged periods of food and water deprivation. Prolonged fasting, sleep apnea, hypoxemia and ischemia/reperfusion increase oxidant production and oxidative stress in terrestrial mammals. In seals, however, neither prolonged fasting nor apnea-induced hypoxemia or ischemia/reperfusion increase systemic or local oxidative damage. The strategies seals evolved to cope with increased oxidant production are reviewed in the present manuscript. Among these strategies, high antioxidant capacity and the oxidant-mediated activation of hormetic responses against hypoxia and oxidative stress are discussed. In addition to expanding our knowledge of the evolution of antioxidant defenses and adaptive responses to oxidative stress, understanding the mechanisms that naturally allow mammals to avoid oxidative damage has the potential to advance our knowledge of oxidative stress-induced pathologies and to enhance the translative value of biomedical therapies in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Pablo Vázquez-Medina
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, 5200 N Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA.
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Lawler JM, Hindle A. Living in a box or call of the wild? Revisiting lifetime inactivity and sarcopenia. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:2529-41. [PMID: 21539480 PMCID: PMC3176342 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.3974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The accepted effects of aging in mammalian skeletal muscle are progressive atrophy and weakening, or sarcopenia. Canonical hallmarks of aging in skeletal muscle include a reduction in muscle fiber cross-sectional area, a loss in muscle fibers through apoptosis and denervation, and infiltration of connective tissue or fibrosis. Emerging thought suggests that pro-inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress may contribute to sarcopenia. CRITICAL ISSUES Unfortunately, most of the mammalian models used to examine and understand sarcopenia are confounded by the pervasive influence of prolonged physical inactivity. Further, the potential for underlying metabolic disorder and chronic disease (e.g., type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease) may accelerate skeletal muscle wasting. Because physical inactivity may share elevated pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase) and insufficient stress response (insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1], heat-shock protein 25 [HSP25], NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3 [SIRT-3], and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1[PGC-1α]) signaling with aging and chronic disease, it is critical to distinguish true aging from chronic inactivity or underlying disease. Conversely, the efficacy of exercise and caloric restrictive interventions against sarcopenia in aging populations appears highly effective when (a) conducted across the lifespan, or (b) at higher intensities when commenced in middle age or later. RECENT ADVANCES While the prospective mechanisms by which exercise or daily activity provide have not been elucidated, upregulation of HSPs, PGC-1α, and IGF-1 may ameliorate inflammatory signaling, apoptosis, and sarcopenia. Limited data indicate that the aging phenotype exhibited by mammals living in their natural habitat (Weddell seal and shrews) express limited apoptosis and fiber atrophy, whereas significant collagen accumulation remains. In addition, aging shrews displayed a remarkable ability to upregulate antioxidant enzymes (copper, zinc isoform of superoxide dismutase, manganese isoform of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase). FUTURE DIRECTIONS It is possible that in healthy populations requiring daily activity to thrive, fibrosis and weakness, more than atrophy, may be the predominant phenotype of muscle aging until senescence. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which lifetime inactivity contributes to sarcopenia and chronic disease will be critical in managing the quality of life and health costs associated with our aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Lawler
- Redox Biology & Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843–4243, USA.
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