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Lei Y, Li Y, Yang X, Zhu X, Zhang X, Du J, Liang S, Li S, Duan J. A Gut-Specific LITAF-Like Gene in Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Involved in the Immune Response to Three Pathogens. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:1975-1982. [PMID: 34383031 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville 1855) is an important resource for silk, food, and biohealth products; however, exogenous pathogens largely affect the commercial application potential of this species. Since the gut is a key organ for the digestion and absorption of nutrients as well as for immune defense, we used comparative transcriptome analysis to screen for a gut-specific molecular tool for further functional research in A. pernyi. In total, 3,331 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the gut compared with all other pooled tissues of A. pernyi, including 1,463 upregulated genes in the gut. Among these, we further focused on a lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor (LITAF) gene because of its high gut-specific expression and the presence of a highly conserved SIMPLE-like domain, which is related to the immune response to pathogenic infections in many species. The cDNA sequence of ApLITAF was 447-bp long and contained a 243-bp open reading frame encoding an 80-amino acid protein. Immune challenge assays indicated that ApLITAF expression was significantly upregulated in the gut of A. pernyi naturally infected with nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) or fed leaves infected with the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (Migula 1895) and the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg 1835). Cell transfection showed that ApLITAF localized to the lysosome. Collectively, these results suggested that ApLITAF played a role in the immune response of A. pernyi and could facilitate the future research and breeding application in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Lei
- Henan Key Lab of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Henan Key Lab of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Xinfeng Yang
- Lab of Tussah Genetics and Breeding, Henan Institute of Sericulture Science, Zhengzhou 450008, PR China
| | - Xuwei Zhu
- Lab of Tussah Genetics and Breeding, Henan Institute of Sericulture Science, Zhengzhou 450008, PR China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Henan Key Lab of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Jie Du
- Henan Key Lab of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Shimei Liang
- Henan Key Lab of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Henan Key Lab of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Jianping Duan
- Henan Key Lab of Funiu Mountain Insect Biology, College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
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Gerdol M, Luo YJ, Satoh N, Pallavicini A. Genetic and molecular basis of the immune system in the brachiopod Lingula anatina. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:7-30. [PMID: 29278680 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The extension of comparative immunology to non-model systems, such as mollusks and annelids, has revealed an unexpected diversity in the complement of immune receptors and effectors among evolutionary lineages. However, several lophotrochozoan phyla remain unexplored mainly due to the lack of genomic resources. The increasing accessibility of high-throughput sequencing technologies offers unique opportunities for extending genome-wide studies to non-model systems. As a result, the genome-based study of the immune system in brachiopods allows a better understanding of the alternative survival strategies developed by these immunologically neglected phyla. Here we present a detailed overview of the molecular components of the immune system identified in the genome of the brachiopod Lingula anatina. Our findings reveal conserved intracellular signaling pathways as well as unique strategies for pathogen detection and killing in brachiopods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Yi-Jyun Luo
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Anton Dohrn Zoological Station, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
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