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Chen WS, Liu MH, Tsou YL, Wu HP, Lin HC, Liang CY, Wang CH. Extensive Dysregulation of Phenylalanine Metabolism Is Associated With Stress Hyperphenylalaninemia and 30-Day Death in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e035821. [PMID: 39258552 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.035821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress hyperphenylalaninemia predicts elevated mortality rates in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). This study investigated the metabolic pathways underlying this association and identified a unique metabolic phenotype underlying the association between stress hyperphenylalaninemia and adverse outcomes in ADHF. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a retrospective cohort study. We enrolled 120 patients with ADHF in an intensive care unit (60 with a phenylalanine level ≥112 μM, 60 with a phenylalanine level <112 μM), and 30 controls. Plasma phenylalanine-derived metabolites were measured, and participants were evaluated for 30-day death. Patients with ADHF had extensive activations of the alternative pathways for metabolizing phenylalanine, leading to the levels of phenylalanine-derived downstream metabolites 1.5 to 6.1 times higher in patients with ADHF than in the controls (all P<0.001). Extensive dysregulation of these alternative pathways significantly increased phenylalanine levels and contributed to a distinct metabolic phenotype, characterized by increased phenylalanine, tyrosine, homogentisic acid, and succinylacetone levels but decreased benzoic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine levels. Throughout the 30-day follow-up period, 47 (39.2%) patients died. This distinct metabolic phenotype was associated with an increased mortality rate (odds ratio, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.27-1.99]; P<0.001). A multivariable analysis confirmed the independent association of this metabolic phenotype, in addition to phenylalanine and tyrosine levels, with 30-day death. CONCLUSIONS In patients with ADHF, extensive dysregulation of the alternative pathways for metabolizing phenylalanine was correlated with stress hyperphenylalaninemia and a distinct metabolic phenotype on the phenylalanine-tyrosine-homogentisic acid-succinylacetone axis. Both stress hyperphenylalaninemia and metabolic dysregulation on this axis were associated with poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Siang Chen
- Heart Failure Research Center Department of Cardiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
- Intensive Care Unit Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Liu
- Heart Failure Research Center Department of Cardiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
- Department of Nursing Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
| | - Yi-Liang Tsou
- Heart Failure Research Center Department of Cardiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
- Intensive Care Unit Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ping Wu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ching Lin
- Heart Failure Research Center Department of Cardiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
- Intensive Care Unit Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Liang
- Heart Failure Research Center Department of Cardiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
- Intensive Care Unit Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Heart Failure Research Center Department of Cardiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
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2
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Kurhaluk N, Tkachenko H, Tomin V. Invitro impact of a combination of red and infrared LEDs, infrared laser and magnetic field on biomarkers of oxidative stress and hemolysis of erythrocytes sampled from healthy individuals and diabetes patients. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 242:112685. [PMID: 36921401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Low-intensity infrared laser irradiation with output emissions of the laser and LED for in vitro irradiation of plasma and erythrocyte samples collected from healthy individuals and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients was used in the current study. METHODS The generated emission was in the range 0.85-0.89 nm with pulse duration near 130 ns and repetition rates of pulses 50, 150, 600, and 1500 Hz, average power 0, 50, or 100 mW, in the range of 1-9 min for different 30 variants of irradiation. The levels of 2-thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances (TBARS), aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins (OMP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), acid-induced resistance of erythrocytes, and activities of the main antioxidant enzymes were assessed in erythrocyte and plasma samples after irradiation. RESULTS The low-intensity infrared laser irradiation and low-intensity light emitted by a red LED decreased the lipid peroxidation levels in the erythrocytes of both healthy individuals and DM patients. A statistically significant decrease in TBARS and OMP levels and an increase in the TAC level were observed at the irradiation energy of 34.39 and 68.79 J/cm2 for samples collected from both healthy individuals and DM patients. The effects of the irradiation were accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in catalase activity of both healthy individuals and DM patients. CONCLUSIONS In many variants of the laser irradiation and low-intensity light emitted by a red LED used in our study, a decrease in the percent of hemolyzed erythrocytes was observed, suggesting that laser therapy protocols should take into account fluencies, frequencies, and wavelengths of the laser before the beginning of treatment, especially in DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland.
| | - Halyna Tkachenko
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Vladimir Tomin
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science and Technology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
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Brash DE, Goncalves LCP. Chemiexcitation: Mammalian Photochemistry in the Dark †. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:251-276. [PMID: 36681894 PMCID: PMC10065968 DOI: 10.1111/php.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Light is one way to excite an electron in biology. Another is chemiexcitation, birthing a reaction product in an electronically excited state rather than exciting from the ground state. Chemiexcited molecules, as in bioluminescence, can release more energy than ATP. Excited states also allow bond rearrangements forbidden in ground states. Molecules with low-lying unoccupied orbitals, abundant in biology, are particularly susceptible. In mammals, chemiexcitation was discovered to transfer energy from excited melanin, neurotransmitters, or hormones to DNA, creating the lethal and carcinogenic cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer. That process was initiated by nitric oxide and superoxide, radicals triggered by ultraviolet light or inflammation. Several poorly understood chronic diseases share two properties: inflammation generates those radicals across the tissue, and cells that die are those containing melanin or neuromelanin. Chemiexcitation may therefore be a pathogenic event in noise- and drug-induced deafness, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's; it may prevent macular degeneration early in life but turn pathogenic later. Beneficial evolutionary selection for excitable biomolecules may thus have conferred an Achilles heel. This review of recent findings on chemiexcitation in mammalian cells also describes the underlying physics, biochemistry, and potential pathogenesis, with the goal of making this interdisciplinary phenomenon accessible to researchers within each field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E. Brash
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8028, USA
| | - Leticia C. P. Goncalves
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
- Institut de Chimie de Nice CNRS UMR7272, Université Côte d’Azur, 28 Avenue Valrose 06108 Nice, France
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Pu W, Chen J, Zhou Y, Qiu H, Shi T, Zhou W, Guo X, Cai N, Tan Z, Liu J, Feng J, Wang Y, Zheng P, Sun J. Systems metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for hyper-production of 5‑aminolevulinic acid. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:31. [PMID: 36829220 PMCID: PMC9951541 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a promising biostimulant, feed nutrient, and photodynamic drug with wide applications in modern agriculture and therapy. Although microbial production of 5-ALA has been improved realized by using metabolic engineering strategies during the past few years, there is still a gap between the present production level and the requirement of industrialization. RESULTS In this study, pathway, protein, and cellular engineering strategies were systematically employed to construct an industrially competitive 5-ALA producing Escherichia coli. Pathways involved in precursor supply and product degradation were regulated by gene overexpression and synthetic sRNA-based repression to channel metabolic flux to 5-ALA biosynthesis. 5-ALA synthase was rationally engineered to release the inhibition of heme and improve the catalytic activity. 5-ALA transport and antioxidant defense systems were targeted to enhance cellular tolerance to intra- and extra-cellular 5-ALA. The final engineered strain produced 30.7 g/L of 5-ALA in bioreactors with a productivity of 1.02 g/L/h and a yield of 0.532 mol/mol glucose, represent a new record of 5-ALA bioproduction. CONCLUSIONS An industrially competitive 5-ALA producing E. coli strain was constructed with the metabolic engineering strategies at multiple layers (protein, pathway, and cellular engineering), and the strategies here can be useful for developing industrial-strength strains for biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Jiuzhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Yingyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Huamin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Tuo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Xuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Ningyun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Zijian Tan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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Petrides PE. Therapy Follows Diagnosis: Old and New Approaches for the Treatment of Acute Porphyrias, What We Know and What We Should Know. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:1618. [PMID: 35885523 PMCID: PMC9325038 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme, iron protoporphyrin IX, is one of life's most central molecules. Hence, availability of the enzymatic machinery necessary for its synthesis is crucial for every cell. Consequently, inborn errors of porphyrin metabolism that compromise normal synthesis, namely the family of porphyrias, undermine normal cellular metabolism given that heme has functions in catalytic centers, signal transduction and functional regulation and its synthesis is fully integrated into the center of intermediary metabolism. Very often, diagnosis of porphyrias is difficult and therefore delayed. Therapy can be as complicated. Over the last 50 years, several strategies have been developed: because of its integration with other parts of intermediary metabolism, the infusion of glucose (glucose effect) was one of the first attempts to counterbalance the dysregulation of porphyrin synthesis in porphyrias. Since heme synthesis is impaired, infusional replacement of heme was the next important therapeutic step. Recently, siRNA technology has been introduced in order to downregulate 5-ALA-synthase 1, which contributes to the patho-physiology of these diseases. Moreover, other novel therapies using enzyme protein replacement, mRNA techniques or proteostasis regulators are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petro E. Petrides
- Hematology Oncology Center & EPNET-Center for Acute Porphyrias Munich, Zweibrückenstr. 2, 80331 Munich, Germany; or ; Tel.: +49-89-229009; Fax: +49-89-229448
- Munich School of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU), 80539 Munich, Germany
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Ramos LD, Mantovani MC, Sartori A, Dutra F, Stevani CV, Bechara EJH. Aerobic co-oxidation of hemoglobin and aminoacetone, a putative source of methylglyoxal. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:178-186. [PMID: 33636334 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacetone (1-aminopropan-2-one), a putative minor biological source of methylglyoxal, reacts like other α-aminoketones such as 6-aminolevulinic acid (first heme precursor) and 1,4-diaminobutanone (a microbicide) yielding electrophilic α-oxoaldehydes, ammonium ion and reactive oxygen species by metal- and hemeprotein-catalyzed aerobic oxidation. A plethora of recent reports implicates triose phosphate-generated methylglyoxal in protein crosslinking and DNA addition, leading to age-related disorders, including diabetes. Importantly, methylglyoxal-treated hemoglobin adds four water-exposed arginine residues, which may compromise its physiological role and potentially serve as biomarkers for diabetes. This paper reports on the co-oxidation of aminoacetone and oxyhemoglobin in normally aerated phosphate buffer, leading to structural changes in hemoglobin, which can be attributed to the addition of aminoacetone-produced methylglyoxal to the protein. Hydroxyl radical-promoted chemical damage to hemoglobin may also occur in parallel, which is suggested by EPR-spin trapping studies with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and ethanol. Concomitantly, oxyhemoglobin is oxidized to methemoglobin, as indicated by characteristic CD spectral changes in the Soret and visible regions. Overall, these findings may contribute to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying human diseases associated with hemoglobin dysfunctions and with aminoacetone in metabolic alterations related to excess glycine and threonine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz D Ramos
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro Universitário Anhanguera, UniA, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Mantovani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Sartori
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Cruzeiro Do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dutra
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Cruzeiro Do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cassius V Stevani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Etelvino J H Bechara
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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7
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Peng Y, Li J, Luo D, Zhang S, Li S, Wang D, Wang X, Zhang Z, Wang X, Sun C, Gao X, Hui Y, He R. Muscle atrophy induced by overexpression of ALAS2 is related to muscle mitochondrial dysfunction. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:9. [PMID: 33785075 PMCID: PMC8008657 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ALAS2 (delta-aminolevulinate synthase 2) is one of the two isoenzymes catalyzing the synthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), which is the first precursor of heme synthesis. ALAS2-overexpressing transgenic mice (Tg mice) showed syndrome of porphyria, a series of diseases related to the heme anabolism deficiency. Tg mice showed an obvious decrease in muscle size. Muscle atrophy results from a decrease in protein synthesis and an increase in protein degradation, which ultimately leads to a decrease in myofiber size due to loss of contractile proteins, organelles, nuclei, and cytoplasm. METHODS The forelimb muscle grip strength of age-matched ALAS-2 transgenic mice (Tg mice) and wild-type mice (WT mice) were measured with an automated grip strength meter. The activities of serum LDH and CK-MB were measured by Modular DPP. The histology of skeletal muscle (quadriceps femoris and gastrocnemius) was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscope. Real-time PCR was used to detect mtDNA content and UCP3 mRNA expression. Evans blue dye staining was used to detect the membrane damage of the muscle fiber. Single skeletal muscle fiber diameter was measured by single-fiber analyses. Muscle adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were detected by a luminometric assay with an ATP assay kit. RESULTS Compared with WT mice, the strength of forelimb muscle and mass of gastrocnemius were decreased in Tg mice. The activities of serum CK-MB and LDH, the number of central nuclei fibers, and Evans blue positive fibers were more than those in WT mice, while the diameter of single fibers was smaller, which were associated with suppressed expression levels of MHC, myoD1, dystrophin, atrogin1, and MuRF1. Re-expression of eMyHC was only showed in the quadriceps of Tg mice, but not in WT mice. Muscle mitochondria in Tg mice showed dysfunction with descented ATP production and mtDNA content, downregulated UCP3 mRNA expression, and swelling of mitochondria. CONCLUSION ALAS2 overexpressing-transgenic mice (Tg mice) showed muscle dystrophy, which was associated with decreased atrogin-1 and MuRF-1, and closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Jihong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Dixian Luo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High-through Molecular Diagnostic Technology, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Sijia Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Xidi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Zhujun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Changhui Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China
| | - Yang Hui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China. .,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China. .,Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 150086, China.
| | - Rongzhang He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High-through Molecular Diagnostic Technology, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China. .,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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8
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Furtado DZS, Leite FBVDM, Jedlicka LDL, Souza DS, Barreto CN, da Silva HDT, Assunção NA. Targeted analysis reveals alteration in pathway in 5p minus individuals. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4673. [PMID: 31385327 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cri du Chat or 5p minus (5p-) syndrome is characterized by a deletion located on the chromosome 5 short (-p) arm and has an incidence rate of 1 in 50,000 individuals worldwide. This disease manifests in disturbances across a range of systems biochemicals. Therefore, a targeted metabolomics analysis was evaluated in patients with 5p- syndrome to help unravel the biochemical changes that occur in this disease. Urine samples were collected from people of both sexes aged 1-38 years old and analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Student' statistical test, metabolomic pathway analysis and metabolite set enrichment analysis were applied to the data. Alterations of some amino acids and amine biogenics levels were found in Cri du Chat Syndrome individuals. The alteration of most of these metabolites is associated with energy recuperation and glycolysis. In general, we found the catabolism of some metabolic pathways to be affected in 5p- patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Zildeana Sousa Furtado
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura Leite
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia Dias Lima Jedlicka
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Brazil
| | - Danilo Santos Souza
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.,Núcleo de Graduação em Agroindústria, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Cleber Nunes Barreto
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heron Dominguez Torres da Silva
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilson Antonio Assunção
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Zhu C, Chen J, Wang Y, Wang L, Guo X, Chen N, Zheng P, Sun J, Ma Y. Enhancing 5-aminolevulinic acid tolerance and production by engineering the antioxidant defense system of Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2018-2028. [PMID: 30934113 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a value-added compound with potential applications in the fields of agriculture and medicine. Although massive efforts have recently been devoted to building microbial producers of ALA through metabolic engineering, few studies focused on the cellular response and tolerance to ALA. In this study, we demonstrated that ALA caused severe cell damage and morphology change of Escherichia coli via generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which were further determined to be mainly hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radical. ALA treatment activated the native antioxidant defense system by upregulating catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression to combat ROS. Further overexpressing CAT (encoded by katG and katE) and SOD (encoded by sodA, sodB, and sodC) not only improved ALA tolerance but also its production level. Notably, coexpression of katE and sodB in an ALA synthase expressing strain enhanced the biomass and final ALA titer by 81% and 117% (11.5 g/L) in a 5 L bioreactor, respectively. This study demonstrates the importance of tolerance engineering in strain development. Reinforcing the antioxidant defense system holds promise to improve the bioproduction of chemicals that cause oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchao Zhu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiuzhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Chen
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
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10
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Jedlicka LDL, Silva JDC, Balbino AM, Neto GB, Furtado DZS, da Silva HDT, Cavalcanti FDBC, van der Heijden KM, Penatti CAA, Bechara EJH, Assunção NA. Effects of Diacetyl Flavoring Exposure in Mice Metabolism. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9875319. [PMID: 30065948 PMCID: PMC6051334 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9875319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Diacetyl is a flavoring that imparts a buttery flavor to foods, but the use or exposure to diacetyl has been related to some diseases. We investigated the effect of oral intake of diacetyl in male and female C57/Bl mice. We performed a target metabolomics assay using ultraperformance liquid chromatography paired with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the determination and quantification of plasmatic metabolites. We observed alterations in metabolites present in the urea and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycles. Peroxynitrite plasmatic levels were evaluated by a colorimetric method, final activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was evaluated by an enzymatic method, and mouse behavior was evaluated. Majority of the assay showed differences between control and treatment groups, as well as between genders. This may indicate the involvement of sex hormones in the regulation of a normal metabolic profile, and the implication of sex differences in metabolite disease response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Dias Lima Jedlicka
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Aleksandro Martins Balbino
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Bruno Neto
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nilson Antonio Assunção
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
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11
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Brash DE, Goncalves LCP, Bechara EJH. Chemiexcitation and Its Implications for Disease. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:527-541. [PMID: 29751974 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quantum mechanics rarely extends to molecular medicine. Recently, the pigment melanin was found to be susceptible to chemiexcitation, in which an electron is chemically excited to a high-energy molecular orbital. In invertebrates, chemiexcitation causes bioluminescence; in mammals, a higher-energy process involving melanin transfers energy to DNA without photons, creating the lethal and mutagenic cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer that can cause melanoma. This process is initiated by NO and O2- radicals, the formation of which can be triggered by ultraviolet light or inflammation. Several chronic diseases share two properties: inflammation generates these radicals across the tissue, and the diseased cells lie near melanin. We propose that chemiexcitation may be an upstream event in numerous human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E Brash
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology and Dermatology, and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA.
| | - Leticia C P Goncalves
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology and Dermatology, and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
| | - Etelvino J H Bechara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05513-970 SP, and Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo 09972-270 SP, Brazil
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12
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Furtado DZS, de Moura Leite FBV, Barreto CN, Faria B, Jedlicka LDL, de Jesus Silva E, da Silva HDT, Bechara EJH, Assunção NA. Profiles of amino acids and biogenic amines in the plasma of Cri-du-Chat patients. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:137-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Kosmachevskaya OV, Shumaev KB, Topunov AF. Carbonyl Stress in Bacteria: Causes and Consequences. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:1655-71. [PMID: 26878572 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915130039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pathways of synthesis of the α-reactive carbonyl compound methylglyoxal (MG) in prokaryotes are described in this review. Accumulation of MG leads to development of carbonyl stress. Some pathways of MG formation are similar for both pro- and eukaryotes, but there are reactions specific for prokaryotes, e.g. the methylglyoxal synthase reaction. This reaction and the glyoxalase system constitute an alternative pathway of glucose catabolism - the MG shunt not associated with the synthesis of ATP. In violation of the regulation of metabolism, the cell uses MG shunt as well as other glycolysis shunting pathways and futile cycles enabling stabilization of its energetic status. MG was first examined as a biologically active metabolic factor participating in the formation of phenotypic polymorphism and hyperpersistent potential of bacterial populations. The study of carbonyl stress is interesting for evolutionary biology and can be useful for constructing highly effective producer strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Kosmachevskaya
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
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14
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Hrynets Y, Bhattacherjee A, Ndagijimana M, Hincapie Martinez DJ, Betti M. Iron (Fe(2+))-Catalyzed Glucosamine Browning at 50 °C: Identification and Quantification of Major Flavor Compounds for Antibacterial Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3266-3275. [PMID: 27043007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Glucosamine browning at 50 °C with (GlcN/Fe(2+)) or without iron (GlcN) was studied over time from 0 to 48 h. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2O2, and (1)O2, along with α-dicarbonyls, fructosazine, and deoxyfructosazine, was evaluated. Singlet oxygen generation increased over time and was greater in GlcN/Fe(2+) caramel solution. The presence of iron significantly increased the concentration of α-dicarbonyls at an early incubation time (3 h). Fructosazine and deoxyfructosazine were the major degradation products at 48 h comprising together up to 37 and 49% in GlcN and GlcN/Fe(2+), respectively. GlcN/Fe(2+) (48 h) exhibited a MIC50 against highly heat-resistant Escherichia coli AW 1.7 at pH 5, but not at pH 7. Despite several antimicrobial compounds being produced during browning, GlcN/Fe(2+) created a synergistic environment for the fructosazine-organic acids to confer their antimicrobial activity. GlcN caramel solutions have the potential to serve as both flavoring compounds and antimicrobial agents in formulated food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Hrynets
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , 410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Abhishek Bhattacherjee
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , 410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Maurice Ndagijimana
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , 410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Daylin Johana Hincapie Martinez
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , 410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Mirko Betti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , 410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
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15
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An in depth proteomic analysis based on ProteoMiner, affinity chromatography and nano-HPLC–MS/MS to explain the potential health benefits of bovine colostrum. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 121:297-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Chakraborty S, Gogoi M, Chakravortty D. Lactoylglutathione lyase, a critical enzyme in methylglyoxal detoxification, contributes to survival of Salmonella in the nutrient rich environment. Virulence 2015; 6:50-65. [PMID: 25517857 PMCID: PMC4603430 DOI: 10.4161/21505594.2014.983791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase I which is synonymously known as lactoylglutathione lyase is a critical enzyme in methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification. We assessed the STM3117 encoded lactoylglutathione lyase (Lgl) of Salmonella Typhimurium, which is known to function as a virulence factor, due in part to its ability to detoxify methylglyoxal. We found that STM3117 encoded Lgl isomerises the hemithioacetal adduct of MG and glutathione (GSH) into S-lactoylglutathione. Lgl was observed to be an outer membrane bound protein with maximum expression at the exponential growth phase. The deletion mutant of S. Typhimurium (Δlgl) exhibited a notable growth inhibition coupled with oxidative DNA damage and membrane disruptions, in accordance with the growth arrest phenomenon associated with typical glyoxalase I deletion. However, growth in glucose minimal medium did not result in any inhibition. Endogenous expression of recombinant Lgl in serovar Typhi led to an increased resistance and growth in presence of external MG. Being a metalloprotein, Lgl was found to get activated maximally by Co(2+) ion followed by Ni(2+), while Zn(2+) did not activate the enzyme and this could be attributed to the geometry of the particular protein-metal complex attained in the catalytically active state. Our results offer an insight on the pivotal role of the virulence associated and horizontally acquired STM3117 gene in non-typhoidal serovars with direct correlation of its activity in lending survival advantage to Salmonella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore, India
| | - Mayuri Gogoi
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore, India
| | - Dipshikha Chakravortty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore, India
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17
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Laafi J, Homedan C, Jacques C, Gueguen N, Schmitt C, Puy H, Reynier P, Carmen Martinez M, Malthièry Y. Pro-oxidant effect of ALA is implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction of HepG2 cells. Biochimie 2014; 106:157-66. [PMID: 25220386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heme biosynthesis begins in the mitochondrion with the formation of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). In acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary tyrosinemia type I and lead poisoning patients, ALA is accumulated in plasma and in organs, especially the liver. These diseases are also associated with neuromuscular dysfunction and increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Many studies suggest that this damage may originate from ALA-induced oxidative stress following its accumulation. Using the MnSOD as an oxidative stress marker, we showed here that ALA treatment of cultured cells induced ROS production, increasing with ALA concentration. The mitochondrial energetic function of ALA-treated HepG2 cells was further explored. Mitochondrial respiration and ATP content were reduced compared to control cells. For the 300 μM treatment, ALA induced a mitochondrial mass decrease and a mitochondrial network imbalance although neither necrosis nor apoptosis were observed. The up regulation of PGC-1, Tfam and ND5 genes was also found; these genes encode mitochondrial proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis activation and OXPHOS function. We propose that ALA may constitute an internal bioenergetic signal, which initiates a coordinated upregulation of respiratory genes, which ultimately drives mitochondrial metabolic adaptation within cells. The addition of an antioxidant, Manganese(III) tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (MnTMPyP), resulted in improvement of maximal respiratory chain capacity with 300 μM ALA. Our results suggest that mitochondria, an ALA-production site, are more sensitive to pro-oxidant effect of ALA, and may be directly involved in pathophysiology of patients with inherited or acquired porphyria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Laafi
- LUNAM Université, INSERM UMR 1063, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France.
| | - Chadi Homedan
- LUNAM Université, INSERM UMR 1063, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France.
| | - Caroline Jacques
- LUNAM Université, INSERM UMR 1063, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France.
| | - Naig Gueguen
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France; CNRS UMR 6214 - INSERM 1083, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France.
| | - Caroline Schmitt
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre Français des Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Université Paris Diderot, 178 rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France; INSERM U773, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Bichat-Beaujon, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, 5 Rue Thomas Mann, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Hervé Puy
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre Français des Porphyries, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Université Paris Diderot, 178 rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France; INSERM U773, Centre de Recherche Biomédicale Bichat-Beaujon, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, 5 Rue Thomas Mann, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France; CNRS UMR 6214 - INSERM 1083, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France.
| | - Maria Carmen Martinez
- LUNAM Université, INSERM UMR 1063, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France.
| | - Yves Malthièry
- LUNAM Université, INSERM UMR 1063, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBIS, IRIS, rue des capucins, 49100 Angers, France.
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18
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Morlière P, Hug GL, Patterson LK, Mazière JC, Ausseil J, Dupas JL, Ducroix JP, Santus R, Filipe P. Chemistry of free radicals produced by oxidation of endogenous α-aminoketones. A study of 5-aminolevulinic acid and α-aminoacetone by fast kinetics spectroscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:3190-7. [PMID: 25018004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and α-aminoacetone (AA) are implicated in ketosis, porphyrinpathies and diabetes. Pathologic manifestations involve O₂⁻, H₂O₂, OH, enoyl radicals (ALA and AA) and their oxidation end products. METHODS To characterize enoyl radicals resulting from reaction of OH radicals with ALA and AA, micromolar OH concentrations were produced by pulse radiolysis of ALA and AA in aqueous solutions. RESULTS ALA and AA react with OH at k=1.5 × 10⁹ M⁻¹s⁻¹. At pH7.4, the ALA absorbance spectrum has a maximum at 330 nm (ε=750 M⁻¹cm⁻¹). This band appears as a shoulder at pH8.3 where two ALA species are present: (NH3)⁺-CH₂-CO-CH₂-CH₂-COO⁻ and NH₂-CH₂-CO-CH₂-CH₂-COO⁻ (pKa=8.3). At pH8.3, ALA reacts with oxygen (k=1.4 × 10⁸ M⁻¹s⁻¹) but not with O₂⁻. At pH8.3, AA oxidation produces two AA species characterized by an absorbance spectrum with maxima at 330 and 450 nm. ALA and AA are repaired by antioxidants (quercetin (QH), catechin, trolox, ascorbate) which are semi-oxidized (k>10(8)M⁻¹s⁻¹). QH bound to HSA or to apoferritin and ferritin repairs ALA and AA. In O₂-saturated apoferritin solutions, Q, O₂⁻, AA and reaction product(s) react with QH. CONCLUSIONS The optical absorption properties and the time evolution of ALA and AA were established for the first time. These radicals and their reaction products may be neutralized by antioxidants free in solution or bound to proteins. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Adjuvant antioxidant administration may be of interest in pathologies related to excess ALA or AA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Morlière
- INSERM, U1088, 80054 Amiens, France; CHU Amiens, Pôle Biologie, Pharmacie et Santé des Populations, Centre de Biologie Humaine, Laboratoire de Biochimie, 80054 Amiens, France; Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR de Pharmacie, 80036 Amiens, France.
| | - G L Hug
- University of Notre Dame, Radiation Laboratory, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - L K Patterson
- CHU Amiens, Pôle Biologie, Pharmacie et Santé des Populations, Centre de Biologie Humaine, Laboratoire de Biochimie, 80054 Amiens, France; University of Notre Dame, Radiation Laboratory, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - J-C Mazière
- INSERM, U1088, 80054 Amiens, France; CHU Amiens, Pôle Biologie, Pharmacie et Santé des Populations, Centre de Biologie Humaine, Laboratoire de Biochimie, 80054 Amiens, France; Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR de Médecine, 80036 Amiens, France
| | - J Ausseil
- INSERM, U1088, 80054 Amiens, France; CHU Amiens, Pôle Biologie, Pharmacie et Santé des Populations, Centre de Biologie Humaine, Laboratoire de Biochimie, 80054 Amiens, France; Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR de Médecine, 80036 Amiens, France
| | - J-L Dupas
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR de Médecine, 80036 Amiens, France; CHU Amiens, Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - J-P Ducroix
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR de Médecine, 80036 Amiens, France; CHU Amiens, Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Systémiques, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - R Santus
- CHU Amiens, Pôle Biologie, Pharmacie et Santé des Populations, Centre de Biologie Humaine, Laboratoire de Biochimie, 80054 Amiens, France; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département RDDM, 75231 Paris, France
| | - P Filipe
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Clínica Dermatologica Universitaria and Unidade de Investigação em Dermatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, 1699 Lisboa Codex, Portugal
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19
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Lentz C, Halls VS, Hannam JS, Strassel S, Lawrence SH, Jaffe EK, Famulok M, Hoerauf A, Pfarr KM. wALADin benzimidazoles differentially modulate the function of porphobilinogen synthase orthologs. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2498-510. [PMID: 24568185 PMCID: PMC3983392 DOI: 10.1021/jm401785n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The heme biosynthesis enzyme porphobilinogen synthase (PBGS) is a potential drug target in several human pathogens. wALADin1 benzimidazoles have emerged as species-selective PBGS inhibitors against Wolbachia endobacteria of filarial worms. In the present study, we have systematically tested wALADins against PBGS orthologs from bacteria, protozoa, metazoa, and plants to elucidate the inhibitory spectrum. However, the effect of wALADin1 on different PBGS orthologs was not limited to inhibition: several orthologs were stimulated by wALADin1; others remained unaffected. We demonstrate that wALADins allosterically modulate the PBGS homooligomeric equilibrium with inhibition mediated by favoring low-activity oligomers, while 5-aminolevulinic acid, Mg(2+), or K(+) stabilized high-activity oligomers. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PBGS could be inhibited or stimulated by wALADin1 depending on these factors and pH. We have defined the wALADin chemotypes responsible for either inhibition or stimulation, facilitating the design of tailored PBGS modulators for potential application as antimicrobial agents, herbicides, or drugs for porphyric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian
S. Lentz
- Institute
of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Victoria S. Halls
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Unit, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeffrey S. Hannam
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Unit, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Silke Strassel
- Institute
of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah H. Lawrence
- Fox
Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health
System, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19111, United States
| | - Eileen K. Jaffe
- Fox
Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health
System, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19111, United States
| | - Michael Famulok
- Chemical
Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Unit, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- Institute
of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kenneth M. Pfarr
- Institute
of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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20
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Role of methylglyoxal in Alzheimer's disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:238485. [PMID: 24734229 PMCID: PMC3966409 DOI: 10.1155/2014/238485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common and lethal neurodegenerative disorder. The major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are extracellular aggregation of amyloid β peptides and, the presence of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles formed by precipitation/aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The etiology of Alzheimer's disease is multifactorial and a full understanding of its pathogenesis remains elusive. Some years ago, it has been suggested that glycation may contribute to both extensive protein cross-linking and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Glycation is an endogenous process that leads to the production of a class of compounds known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Interestingly, increased levels of AGEs have been observed in brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. Methylglyoxal, a reactive intermediate of cellular metabolism, is the most potent precursor of AGEs and is strictly correlated with an increase of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Many studies are showing that methylglyoxal and methylglyoxal-derived AGEs play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Tokikawa R, Loffredo C, Uemi M, Machini MT, Bechara EJH. Radical acylation of L-lysine derivatives and L-lysine-containing peptides by peroxynitrite-treated diacetyl and methylglyoxal. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:357-70. [PMID: 24328571 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.871386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Highly electrophilic α-dicarbonyls such as diacetyl, methylglyoxal, 3-deoxyglucosone, and4,5-dioxovaleric acid have been characterized as secondary catabolites that can aggregate proteins and form DNA nucleobase adducts in several human maladies, including Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, sepsis, renal failure, and respiratory distress syndrome. In vitro, diacetyl and methylglyoxal have also been shown to rapidly add up the peroxynitrite anion (k2 ~ 10(4)-10(5) M(-1) s(-1)), a potent biological nucleophile, oxidant and nitrosating agent, followed by carbon chain cleavage to carboxylic acids via acetyl radical intermediate that can modify amino acids. In this study, we used the amino acid derivatives Ac-Lys-OMe and Z-Lys-OMe and synthesized the tetrapeptides H-KALA-OH, Ac-KALA-OH, and H-K(Boc)ALA-OH to reveal the preferential Lys amino group targeted by acyl radical generated by the α-dicarbonyl/peroxynitrite system. The pH profiles of the reactions are bell-shaped, peaking at approximately 7.5; hence, they are close to the pKa values of ONOOH and of the catalytic H2PO4(-) anion. RP-HPLC and ESI-MS analyses of reaction products confirmed (α)N- and (ϵ)N-acetylation of Lys by diacetyl as well as acetylation and formylation by methylglyoxal, with preference for the α-amino group. These data suggest the possibility of radical acylation of proteins in epigenetic processes, where enzymatic acetylation of these biomolecules is a well-documented event, recently reported to be as critical to the cell cycle as phosphorylation. Also noteworthy is the observed formylation of L-Lys containing peptides by methylglyoxal never reported to occur in amino acid residues of peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tokikawa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , SP , Brazil
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22
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Vistoli G, De Maddis D, Cipak A, Zarkovic N, Carini M, Aldini G. Advanced glycoxidation and lipoxidation end products (AGEs and ALEs): an overview of their mechanisms of formation. Free Radic Res 2013; 47 Suppl 1:3-27. [PMID: 23767955 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.815348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have a pathogenetic role in the development and progression of different oxidative-based diseases including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and neurological disorders. AGEs and ALEs represent a quite complex class of compounds that are formed by different mechanisms, by heterogeneous precursors and that can be formed either exogenously or endogenously. There is a wide interest in AGEs and ALEs involving different aspects of research which are essentially focused on set-up and application of analytical strategies (1) to identify, characterize, and quantify AGEs and ALEs in different pathophysiological conditions; (2) to elucidate the molecular basis of their biological effects; and (3) to discover compounds able to inhibit AGEs/ALEs damaging effects not only as biological tools aimed at validating AGEs/ALEs as drug target, but also as promising drugs. All the above-mentioned research stages require a clear picture of the chemical formation of AGEs/ALEs but this is not simple, due to the complex and heterogeneous pathways, involving different precursors and mechanisms. In view of this intricate scenario, the aim of the present review is to group the main AGEs and ALEs and to describe, for each of them, the precursors and mechanisms of formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, Milan, Italy
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Soares CO, Boiani M, Marnett LJ, Bechara EJH. Cytotoxicity of 1,4-diamino-2-butanone, a putrescine analogue, to RKO cells: mechanism and redox imbalance. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:672-82. [PMID: 23758064 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.814126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
α-Aminocarbonyl metabolites (e.g., 5-aminolevulinic acid and aminoacetone) and the wide spectrum microbicide 1,4-diamino-2-butanone (DAB) have been shown to exhibit pro-oxidant properties. In vitro, these compounds undergo phosphate-catalyzed enolization at physiological pH and subsequent superoxide radical-propagated aerobic oxidation, yielding a reactive α-oxoaldehyde and H2O2. DAB cytotoxicity to pathogenic microorganisms has been attributed to the inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis. However, the role played in cell death by reactive DAB oxidation products is still poorly understood. This work aims to clarify the mechanism of DAB-promoted pro-oxidant action on mammalian cells. DAB (0.05-10 mM) treatment of RKO cells derived from human colon carcinoma led to a decrease in cell viability (IC50 ca. 0.3 mM DAB, 24 h incubation). Pre-addition of either catalase (5 μM) or aminoguanidine (20 mM) was observed to partially inhibit the toxic effects of DAB to the cells, while N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, 5 mM) or reduced glutathione (GSH, 5 mM) provided almost complete protection against DAB. Changes in redox balance and stress response pathways were indicated by the increased expression of HO-1, NQO1 and xCT. Moreover, the observation of caspase 3 and PARP cleavage products is consistent with DAB-triggered apoptosis in RKO cells, which was corroborated by the partial protection afforded by the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK. Finally, DAB treatment disrupted the cell cycle in response to increased p53 and activation of ATM. Altogether, these data support the hypothesis that DAB exerts cytotoxicity via a mechanism involving not only polyamine biosynthesis but also by DAB oxidation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- C O Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Sartori A, Mano CM, Mantovani MC, Dyszy FH, Massari J, Tokikawa R, Nascimento OR, Nantes IL, Bechara EJH. Ferricytochrome (c) directly oxidizes aminoacetone to methylglyoxal, a catabolite accumulated in carbonyl stress. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57790. [PMID: 23483930 PMCID: PMC3590289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related diseases are associated with increased production of reactive oxygen and carbonyl species such as methylglyoxal. Aminoacetone, a putative threonine catabolite, is reportedly known to undergo metal-catalyzed oxidation to methylglyoxal, NH4(+) ion, and H2O2 coupled with (i) permeabilization of rat liver mitochondria, and (ii) apoptosis of insulin-producing cells. Oxidation of aminoacetone to methylglyoxal is now shown to be accelerated by ferricytochrome c, a reaction initiated by one-electron reduction of ferricytochrome c by aminoacetone without amino acid modifications. The participation of O2(•-) and HO (•) radical intermediates is demonstrated by the inhibitory effect of added superoxide dismutase and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance spin-trapping experiments with 5,5'-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide. We hypothesize that two consecutive one-electron transfers from aminoacetone (E0 values = -0.51 and -1.0 V) to ferricytochrome c (E0 = 0.26 V) may lead to aminoacetone enoyl radical and, subsequently, imine aminoacetone, whose hydrolysis yields methylglyoxal and NH4(+) ion. In the presence of oxygen, aminoacetone enoyl and O2(•-) radicals propagate aminoacetone oxidation to methylglyoxal and H2O2. These data endorse the hypothesis that aminoacetone, putatively accumulated in diabetes, may directly reduce ferricyt c yielding methylglyoxal and free radicals, thereby triggering redox imbalance and adverse mitochondrial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Sartori
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila M. Mano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana C. Mantovani
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio H. Dyszy
- Departamento de Física e Informática, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlio Massari
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Tokikawa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otaciro R. Nascimento
- Departamento de Física e Informática, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iseli L. Nantes
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Etelvino J. H. Bechara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
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Screening of Stimulants Including Designer Drugs in Urine Using a Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry System. J Anal Toxicol 2013; 37:64-73. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bks091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Soares CO, Colli W, Bechara EJ, Alves MJM. 1,4-Diamino-2-butanone, a putrescine analogue, promotes redox imbalance in Trypanosoma cruzi and mammalian cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 528:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kender Z, Torzsa P, Grolmusz K. V, Patócs A, Lichthammer A, Veresné Bálint M, Rácz K, Reismann P. The role of methylglyoxal metabolism in type-2 diabetes and its complications. Orv Hetil 2012; 153:574-85. [DOI: 10.1556/oh.2012.29348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Transient or chronic hyperglycaemia increases the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and aldehydes. The accumulation of reactive aldehydes is implicated in the development of diabetic complications. Methylglyoxal, a glucose dependent α-dicarbonyl might be the most important reactive aldehyde in diabetes and its complications. Diabetes was the first disease in which evidence emerged for the increased formation of methylglyoxal in the cells and in the serum. Methylglyoxal has a toxic effect on insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells, and on modifications of proteins and nucleic acids. Moreover, methylglyoxal is one of the major precursors of advanced glycation end-products. The glyoxalase enzyme system that exists in all mammalian cells is catalyzing the detoxification of methylglyoxal. This review summarizes the methylglyoxal metabolism in normoglycaemic and hyperglycamic conditions and the role of methylglyoxal in the development of late diabetic microvascular complications. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 574–585.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kender
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar II. Belgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Szentkirályi u. 46. 1088
| | - Péter Torzsa
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Családorvosi Tanszék Budapest
| | | | - Attila Patócs
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar II. Belgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Szentkirályi u. 46. 1088
- Magyar Tudományos Akadémia–Semmelweis Egyetem Molekuláris Medicina Kutatócsoport Budapest
| | - Adrienn Lichthammer
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Dietetikai és Táplálkozástudományi Tanszék Budapest
| | - Márta Veresné Bálint
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Dietetikai és Táplálkozástudományi Tanszék Budapest
| | - Károly Rácz
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar II. Belgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Szentkirályi u. 46. 1088
- Magyar Tudományos Akadémia–Semmelweis Egyetem Molekuláris Medicina Kutatócsoport Budapest
| | - Péter Reismann
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar II. Belgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Szentkirályi u. 46. 1088
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28
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Rocha JBT, Saraiva RA, Garcia SC, Gravina FS, Nogueira CW. Aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) as marker protein of intoxication with metals and other pro-oxidant situations. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tx20014g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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29
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Cacchi S, Fabrizi G, Filisti E, Goggiamani A, Iazzetti A, Maurone L. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 2-amino ketones from propargylic carbonates and secondary amines. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4699-703. [PMID: 22596084 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25670c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Cacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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30
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Ganini D, Christoff M, Ehrenshaft M, Kadiiska MB, Mason RP, Bechara EJH. Myoglobin-H2O2 catalyzes the oxidation of β-ketoacids to α-dicarbonyls: mechanism and implications in ketosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:733-43. [PMID: 21609760 PMCID: PMC3619417 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acetoacetate (AA) and 2-methylacetoacetate (MAA) are accumulated in metabolic disorders such as diabetes and isoleucinemia. Here we examine the mechanism of AA and MAA aerobic oxidation initiated by myoglobin (Mb)/H(2)O(2). We propose a chemiluminescent route involving a dioxetanone intermediate whose thermolysis yields triplet α-dicarbonyl species (methylglyoxal and diacetyl). The observed ultraweak chemiluminescence increased linearly on raising the concentration of either Mb (10-500 μM) or AA (10-100 mM). Oxygen uptake studies revealed that MAA is almost a 100-fold more reactive than AA. EPR spin-trapping studies with MNP/MAA revealed the intermediacy of an α-carbon-centered radical and acetyl radical. The latter radical, probably derived from triplet diacetyl, is totally suppressed by sorbate, a well-known quencher of triplet carbonyls. Furthermore, an EPR signal assignable to MNP-AA(•) adduct was observed and confirmed by isotope effects. Oxygen consumption and α-dicarbonyl yield were shown to be dependent on AA or MAA concentrations (1-50 mM) and on H(2)O(2) or tert-butOOH added to the Mb-containing reaction mixtures. That ferrylMb is involved in a peroxidase cycle acting on the substrates is suggested by the reaction pH profiles and immunospin-trapping experiments. The generation of radicals and triplet dicarbonyl products by Mb/H(2)O(2)/β-ketoacids may contribute to the adverse health effects of ketogenic unbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Ganini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Christoff
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marilyn Ehrenshaft
- Free Radical Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Maria B Kadiiska
- Free Radical Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Ronald P Mason
- Free Radical Metabolism Group, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Etelvino JH Bechara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
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31
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Soares CO, Alves MJM, Bechara EJH. 1,4-Diamino-2-butanone, a wide-spectrum microbicide, yields reactive species by metal-catalyzed oxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:1760-70. [PMID: 21466850 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The α-aminoketone 1,4-diamino-2-butanone (DAB), a putrescine analogue, is highly toxic to various microorganisms, including Trypanosoma cruzi. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying DAB's cytotoxic properties. We report here that DAB (pK(a) 7.5 and 9.5) undergoes aerobic oxidation in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, at 37°C, catalyzed by Fe(II) and Cu(II) ions yielding NH(4)(+) ion, H(2)O(2), and 4-amino-2-oxobutanal (oxoDAB). OxoDAB, like methylglyoxal and other α-oxoaldehydes, is expected to cause protein aggregation and nucleobase lesions. Propagation of DAB oxidation by superoxide radical was confirmed by the inhibitory effect of added SOD (50 U ml-1) and stimulatory effect of xanthine/xanthine oxidase, a source of superoxide radical. EPR spin trapping studies with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) revealed an adduct attributable to DMPO-HO(•), and those with α-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone or 3,5-dibromo-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonic acid, a six-line adduct assignable to a DAB(•) resonant enoyl radical adduct. Added horse spleen ferritin (HoSF) and bovine apo-transferrin underwent oxidative changes in tryptophan residues in the presence of 1.0-10 mM DAB. Iron release from HoSF was observed as well. Assays performed with fluorescein-encapsulated liposomes of cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine (20:80) incubated with DAB resulted in extensive lipid peroxidation and consequent vesicle permeabilization. DAB (0-10 mM) administration to cultured LLC-MK2 epithelial cells caused a decline in cell viability, which was inhibited by preaddition of either catalase (4.5 μM) or aminoguanidine (25 mM). Our findings support the hypothesis that DAB toxicity to several pathogenic microorganisms previously described may involve not only reported inhibition of polyamine metabolism but also DAB pro-oxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrislaine O Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Sharma V, Kelly GT, Foulke-Abel J, Watanabe CMH. Aminoacetone as the Penultimate Precursor to the Antitumor Agent Azinomycin A. Org Lett 2009; 11:4006-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol9016639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Gilbert T. Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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Abstract
We found that Escherichia coli tolC mutants showed increased sensitivity to 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor of porphyrins. The tolC mutant cells grown in the presence of ALA showed a reddish brown color under visible light and a strong red fluorescence under near-UV irradiation. Fluorescence spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the tolC mutant cells grown in the presence of ALA accumulated a large amount of coproporphyrin(ogen) intracellularly. In contrast, the wild-type cells produced coproporphyrin extracellularly. The tolC mutant cells grown in the presence of ALA, which were capable of surviving in the dark, were killed by near-UV irradiation, suggesting that the intracellular coproporphyrin(ogen) renders these cells photosensitive. These results suggest that the TolC-dependent efflux system is involved in the exclusion of porphyrin(ogen)s in E. coli.
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Felitsyn N, McLeod C, Shroads AL, Stacpoole PW, Notterpek L. The heme precursor delta-aminolevulinate blocks peripheral myelin formation. J Neurochem 2008; 106:2068-79. [PMID: 18665889 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05552.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA) is a heme precursor implicated in neurological complications associated with porphyria and tyrosinemia type I. Delta-ALA is also elevated in the urine of animals and patients treated with the investigational drug dichloroacetate (DCA). We postulated that delta-ALA may be responsible, in part, for the peripheral neuropathy observed in subjects receiving DCA. To test this hypothesis, myelinating cocultures of Schwann cells and sensory neurons were exposed to delta-ALA (0.1-1 mM) and analyzed for the expression of neural proteins and lipids and markers of oxidative stress. Exposure of myelinating samples to delta-ALA is associated with a pronounced reduction in the levels of myelin-associated lipids and proteins, including myelin protein zero and peripheral myelin protein 22. We also observed an increase in protein carbonylation and the formation of hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde after treatment with delta-ALA. Studies of isolated Schwann cells and neurons indicate that glial cells are more vulnerable to this pro-oxidant than neurons, based on a selective decrease in the expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins in glial, but not in neuronal, cells. These results suggest that the neuropathic effects of delta-ALA are attributable, at least in part, to its pro-oxidant properties which damage myelinating Schwann cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Felitsyn
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0244, USA
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