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Gürkan M, Ertürk Gürkan S, Künili İE, Acar S, Özel OT, Düzgüneş ZD, Türe M. Evaluation of the health of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) distributed in the Çanakkale strait, Turkey. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 197:106492. [PMID: 38598959 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The observation of mortality in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) distributed in the Çanakkale Strait in recent years was influential in developing the research question for this study. In this study, the presence of bacteria (Vibrio spp.) and parasites (Marteilia spp. and Haplosporidium spp.) in mussels collected from Kumkale, Kepez, and Umurbey stations in the Çanakkale Strait was investigated seasonally. Microbiological findings, histopathology, oxidative stress enzymes and their gene expressions, lipid peroxidation, lysosomal membrane stability, and changes in haemolymph were examined. In summer samples, both the defence system and the extent of damage were higher in gill tissue. In winter samples, enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation were found to be predominantly higher in digestive gland tissues. Histological examinations and Hemacolor staining revealed the presence of protozoan cysts, and for bacterial examination, molecular analysis performed after culturing revealed the presence of 7 Vibrio species. While the total numbers of heterotrophic bacteria detected in all samples were at acceptable levels, the predominance of Vibrio spp. numbers among the total heterotrophic bacteria detected in almost all samples were noteworthy. The total hemocyte count was calculated as 5.810(4)±0.58 (cells/mm3) in winter and 7.210(4)±1.03 (cells/mm3) in summer. These factors are considered to be possible causes of mussel mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Gürkan
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Çanakkale, Turkiye
| | - Selin Ertürk Gürkan
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Çanakkale, Turkiye.
| | - İbrahim Ender Künili
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Fishing and Fish Processing Technology, Çanakkale, Turkiye
| | - Seçil Acar
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Marine Sciences and Limnology, Çanakkale, Turkiye
| | - Osman Tolga Özel
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Aquaculture, Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Zehra Duygu Düzgüneş
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Breeding and Genetics, Trabzon, Turkiye
| | - Mustafa Türe
- Central Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Fisheries Health, Trabzon, Turkiye
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Ubrihien RP, Maher WA, Taylor AM, Stevens MM, Ezaz T. The Response of the Planorbid Snail Isidorella newcombi to Chronic Copper Exposure Over a 28-Day Period: Linking Mortality, Cellular Biomarkers, and Reproductive Responses. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 79:391-405. [PMID: 33090264 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The native freshwater gastropod Isidorella newcombi attacks the roots of developing rice plants in southern Australia and is controlled using copper sulphate. The apparent tolerance of this species to moderate levels of copper (Cu) exposure led us to investigate its potential usefulness as a biomonitor species. To assess its response to chronic Cu exposure, adult I. newcombi were exposed to 0-120 µg L-1 of Cu for 28 days. Lethal and sublethal responses were investigated. The relationships between subcellular biomarkers and life history traits also were explored. At exposure concentrations of 60 µg L-1 Cu and above, 100% mortality was observed during the 28-day exposure period. In these treatments, there was an exposure concentration dependent decrease in the time that the snails survived. In the surviving snails, there was an exposure concentration-dependent increase in tissue Cu concentration. In the snails exposed to Cu concentrations above 15 µg L-1, no eggs were produced during the final week of copper exposure, indicating that populations would not persist at Cu concentrations above 15 µg L-1. The general stress biomarker lysosomal membrane destabilisation (LD) indicated organisms exposed to 10 µg L-1 Cu and above were experiencing Cu induced stress. This suggests that LD could act as an early warning system for responses at higher levels of biological organisation in I. newcombi exposed to copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Ubrihien
- Centre for Applied Water Science, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - W A Maher
- Research School of Earth Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - A M Taylor
- Centre for Applied Water Science, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - M M Stevens
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Yanco Agricultural Institute, Private Mail Bag, Yanco, NSW, 2703, Australia
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University, North Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - T Ezaz
- Centre for Conservation Ecology and Genetics, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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Blanco-Rayón E, Ivanina AV, Sokolova IM, Marigómez I, Izagirre U. Food-type may jeopardize biomarker interpretation in mussels used in aquatic toxicological experimentation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220661. [PMID: 31381612 PMCID: PMC6681955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the influence of food type on biomarkers, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were maintained under laboratory conditions and fed using 4 different microalgae diets ad libitum for 1 week: (a) Isochrysis galbana; (b) Tetraselmis chuii; (c) a mixture of I. galbana and T. chuii; and (d) a commercial food (Microalgae Composed Diet, Acuinuga). Different microalgae were shown to present different distribution and fate in the midgut. I. galbana (≈4 μm Ø) readily reached digestive cells to be intracellularly digested. T. chuii (≈10 μm Ø and hardly digestible) was retained in stomach and digestive ducts for long times and extracellularly digested. Based on these findings, it appeared likely that the presence of large amounts of microalgal enzymes and metabolites might interfere with biochemical determinations of mussel's biomarkers and/or that the diet-induced alterations of mussels' digestion could modulate lysosomal and tissue-level biomarkers. To test these hypotheses, a battery of common biochemical, cytological and tissue-level biomarkers were determined in the gills (including activities of pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and cytochrome c oxidase) and the digestive gland of the mussels (including protein, lipid, free glucose and glycogen total content, lysosomal structural changes and membrane stability, intracellular accumulation of neutral lipids and lipofuscins, changes in cell type composition and epithelial thinning, as well as altered tissue integrity). The type of food was concluded to be a major factor influencing biomarkers in short-term experiments though not all the microalgae affected biomarkers and their responsiveness in the same way. T. chuii seemed to alter the nutritional status, oxidative stress and digestion processes, thus interfering with a variety of biomarkers. On the other hand, the massive presence of I. galbana within digestive cells hampered the measurement of cytochemical biomarkers and rendered less reliable the results of biochemical biomarkers (as these could be attributed to both the mussel and the microalgae). Research to optimize dietary food type, composition, regime and rations for toxicological experimentation is urgently needed. Meanwhile, a detailed description of the food type and feeding conditions should be always provided when reporting aquatic toxicological experiments with mussels, as a necessary prerequisite to compare and interpret the biological responses elicited by pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Blanco-Rayón
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Anna V. Ivanina
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biosciences and Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station; PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
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Benito D, Niederwanger M, Izagirre U, Dallinger R, Soto M. Successive Onset of Molecular, Cellular and Tissue-Specific Responses in Midgut Gland of Littorina littorea Exposed to Sub-Lethal Cadmium Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081815. [PMID: 28829377 PMCID: PMC5578201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful metals, being toxic to most animal species, including marine invertebrates. Among marine gastropods, the periwinkle (Littorina littorea) in particular can accumulate high amounts of Cd in its midgut gland. In this organ, the metal can elicit extensive cytological and tissue-specific alterations that may reach, depending on the intensity of Cd exposure, from reversible lesions to pathological cellular disruptions. At the same time, Littorina littorea expresses a Cd-specific metallothionein (MT) that, due to its molecular features, expectedly exerts a protective function against the adverse intracellular effects of this metal. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to assess the time course of MT induction in the periwinkle’s midgut gland on the one hand, and cellular and tissue-specific alterations in the digestive organ complex (midgut gland and digestive tract) on the other, upon exposure to sub-lethal Cd concentrations (0.25 and 1 mg Cd/L) over 21 days. Depending on the Cd concentrations applied, the beginning of alterations of the assessed parameters followed distinct concentration-dependent and time-dependent patterns, where the timeframe for the onset of the different response reactions became narrower at higher Cd concentrations compared to lower exposure concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Benito
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Manu Soto
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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Marigómez I, Múgica M, Izagirre U, Sokolova IM. Chronic environmental stress enhances tolerance to seasonal gradual warming in marine mussels. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174359. [PMID: 28333994 PMCID: PMC5363927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In global climate change scenarios, seawater warming acts in concert with multiple stress sources, which may enhance the susceptibility of marine biota to thermal stress. Here, the responsiveness to seasonal gradual warming was investigated in temperate mussels from a chronically stressed population in comparison with a healthy one. Stressed and healthy mussels were subjected to gradual temperature elevation for 8 days (1°C per day; fall: 16–24°C, winter: 12–20°C, summer: 20–28°C) and kept at elevated temperature for 3 weeks. Healthy mussels experienced thermal stress and entered the time-limited survival period in the fall, became acclimated in winter and exhibited sublethal damage in summer. In stressed mussels, thermal stress and subsequent health deterioration were elicited in the fall but no transition into the critical period of time-limited survival was observed. Stressed mussels did not become acclimated to 20°C in winter, when they experienced low-to-moderate thermal stress, and did not experience sublethal damage at 28°C in summer, showing instead signs of metabolic rate depression. Overall, although the thermal threshold was lowered in chronically stressed mussels, they exhibited enhanced tolerance to seasonal gradual warming, especially in summer. These results challenge current assumptions on the susceptibility of marine biota to the interactive effects of seawater warming and pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), Areatza, Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Múgica
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), Areatza, Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), Areatza, Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- Marine Biology, Institute for Biosciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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