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Petzinna SM, Bauer CJ, Schäfer VS. Vascular-adhesion protein 1 in giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1448157. [PMID: 39206172 PMCID: PMC11349539 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1448157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is a type 2 transmembrane sialoglycoprotein with oxidative deamination functionality, encoded by the amine oxidase copper-containing 3 (AOC3) gene. VAP-1 is widely expressed across various tissues, particularly in highly vascularized tissues and organs essential for lymphocyte circulation. In the vascular system, VAP-1 is predominantly found in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, with higher expression levels in vascular smooth muscle cells. Under inflammatory conditions, VAP-1 rapidly translocates to the endothelial cell surface, facilitating leukocyte adhesion and migration through interactions with specific ligands, such as sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglec)-9 on neutrophils and monocytes, and Siglec-10 on B cells, monocytes, and eosinophils. This interaction is crucial for leukocyte transmigration into inflamed tissues. Furthermore, VAP-1's enzymatic activity generates hydrogen peroxide and advanced glycation end-products, contributing to cytotoxic damage and vascular inflammation. In this context, the soluble form of VAP-1 (sVAP-1), produced by matrix metalloproteinase cleavage from its membrane-bound counterpart, also significantly influences leukocyte migration. This review aims to elucidate the multifaceted pathophysiological roles of VAP-1 in vascular inflammation, particularly in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and associated polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). By exploring its involvement in immune cell adhesion, migration, and its enzymatic contributions to oxidative stress and tissue damage, we investigate the importance of VAP-1 in GCA. Additionally, we discuss recent advancements in imaging techniques targeting VAP-1, such as [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 PET/CT, which have provided new insights into VAP-1's role in GCA and PMR. Overall, understanding VAP-1's comprehensive roles could pave the way for improved strategies in managing these conditions.
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Yen I, Li H. The role of vascular adhesion protein-1 in diabetes and diabetic complications. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:982-989. [PMID: 38581224 PMCID: PMC11292389 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) plays a dual role with its adhesive and enzymatic properties, facilitating leukocyte migration to sites of inflammation and catalyzing the breakdown of primary amines into harmful by-products, which are linked to diabetic complications. Present in various tissues, VAP-1 also circulates in a soluble form in the bloodstream. Diabetes is associated with several complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, significantly contributing to disability and mortality. These complications arise from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Earlier research, including our own from the 1990s and early 2000s, has underscored the critical role of VAP-1 in these pathological processes, prompting extensive investigation into its contribution to diabetic complications. In this review, we examine the involvement of VAP-1 in diabetes and its complications, alongside its link to other conditions related to diabetes, such as cancer and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. We also explore the utility of soluble VAP-1 as a biomarker for diabetes, its complications, and other related conditions. Since the inhibition of VAP-1 to treat diabetic complications is a novel and promising treatment option, further studies are needed to translate the beneficial effect of VAP-1 inhibitors observed in animal studies to clinical trials recruiting human subjects. Besides, future studies should focus on using serum sVAP-1 levels for risk assessment in diabetic patients, identifying those who need intensive glycemic control, and determining the patient population that would benefit most from VAP-1 inhibitor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I‐Weng Yen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University Hospital Hsin‐Chu BranchHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Hung‐Yuan Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
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Yan L, Sun C, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Chen Y, Deng Y, Er T, Deng Y, Wang Z, Ma H. The Biological Implication of Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase (SSAO) Upregulation in Rat Systemic Inflammatory Response under Simulated Aerospace Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043666. [PMID: 36835077 PMCID: PMC9961990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The progress of space science and technology has ushered in a new era for humanity's exploration of outer space. Recent studies have indicated that the aerospace special environment including microgravity and space radiation poses a significant risk to the health of astronauts, which involves multiple pathophysiological effects on the human body as well on tissues and organs. It has been an important research topic to study the molecular mechanism of body damage and further explore countermeasures against the physiological and pathological changes caused by the space environment. In this study, we used the rat model to study the biological effects of the tissue damage and related molecular pathway under either simulated microgravity or heavy ion radiation or combined stimulation. Our study disclosed that ureaplasma-sensitive amino oxidase (SSAO) upregulation is closely related to the systematic inflammatory response (IL-6, TNF-α) in rats under a simulated aerospace environment. In particular, the space environment leads to significant changes in the level of inflammatory genes in heart tissues, thus altering the expression and activity of SSAO and causing inflammatory responses. The detailed molecular mechanisms have been further validated in the genetic engineering cell line model. Overall, this work clearly shows the biological implication of SSAO upregulation in microgravity and radiation-mediated inflammatory response, providing a scientific basis or potential target for further in-depth investigation of the pathological damage and protection strategy under a space environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liben Yan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunli Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaxi Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yifan Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianyi Er
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.M.); Tel.: +86-010-68915996 (Z.W. & H.M.)
| | - Hong Ma
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.M.); Tel.: +86-010-68915996 (Z.W. & H.M.)
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Filip A, Taleb S, Bascetin R, Jahangiri M, Bardin M, Lerognon C, Fève B, Lacolley P, Jalkanen S, Mercier N. Increased atherosclerotic plaque in AOC3 knock-out in ApoE−/− mice and characterization of AOC3 in atherosclerotic human coronary arteries. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:848680. [PMID: 36176983 PMCID: PMC9513161 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.848680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Amine oxidase copper containing 3 (AOC3) displays adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells and enzymatic functions. Given its controversial role in atherogenesis, we proposed to investigate the involvement of AOC3 in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE−/−AOC3−/− mice and human coronary arteries. Methods Lesions, contractile markers, and AOC3 were studied in aortic tissues from 15- and 25-week-old mice and different stages of human coronary atherosclerotic arteries by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or western blot. Human VSMCs, treated or not with LJP1586, an AOC3 inhibitor, were used to measure differentiation markers by qPCR. AOC3 co-localization with specific cell markers was studied by using confocal microscopy in mice and human samples. Results At 15 weeks old, the absence of AOC3 was associated with increased lesion size, α-SMA, and CD3 staining in the plaque independently of a cholesterol modification. At 25 weeks old, advanced plaques were larger with equivalent staining for α-SMA while CD3 increased in the media from ApoE−/−AOC3−/− mice. At both ages, the macrophage content of the lesion was not modified. Contractile markers decreased whereas MCP-1 appeared augmented only in the 15-week-old ApoE−/−AOC3. AOC3 is mainly expressed by mice and human VSMC is slightly expressed by endothelium but not by macrophages. Conclusion AOC3 knock-out increased atherosclerotic plaques at an early stage related to a VSMC dedifferentiation associated with a higher T cells recruitment in plaques explained by the MCP-1 augmentation. This suggests that AOC3 may have an important role in atherosclerosis independent of its canonical inflammatory effect. The dual role of AOC3 impacts therapeutic strategies using pharmacological regulators of SSAO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Filip
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigue et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine, Lorraine, France
| | - Soraya Taleb
- Inserm UMR_S970, Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), Paris, France
| | - Rümeyza Bascetin
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigue et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine, Lorraine, France
| | - Mohammad Jahangiri
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigue et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine, Lorraine, France
| | - Matthieu Bardin
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigue et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine, Lorraine, France
| | - Cindy Lerognon
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigue et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine, Lorraine, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, IHU ICAN, Service d'Endocrinologie, CRMR PRISIS, APHP Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Lacolley
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigue et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine, Lorraine, France
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- Medicity Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Nathalie Mercier
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aigue et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine, Lorraine, France
- *Correspondence: Nathalie Mercier
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Li F, Du Y, Hong L, Liu Z, Yan K, Liu C, Zhu Z, Lu Q, Tang C, Zhu L. Single‐cell transcriptional profiling of human carotid plaques reveals a subpopulation of endothelial cells associated with stroke incidences. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3446-3459. [PMID: 35527426 PMCID: PMC9189335 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The differences in plaque histology between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients have been widely accepted. Whether there is a heterogeneity of cells between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques remains largely unclear. To reveal the potential heterogeneity within different plaques, which may contribute to different stroke incidences, we obtained the scRNA‐seq data from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and identified eight cell types present in plaques. Further analysis of endothelial cells (ECs) revealed three distinct EC subpopulations appeared to be endowed with specific biological functions such as antigen processing and presentation, cell adhesion, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Of note, the differentially expressed genes of the EC 2 subpopulation showed that the genes involved in cell adhesion were up‐regulated in asymptomatic plaques compared to symptomatic plaques. Integrating the data of intraplaque haemorrhage and plaque stability, the 5th top‐enriched biological process was cell adhesion in the stable or non‐haemorrhaged plaques compared to unstable plaques or haemorrhaged plaques. Among these cell adhesion‐related genes, the intersection gene AOC3 may play a vital role in plaque haemorrhage and plaque stability. Targeting cell adhesion and the specialized genes may provide potential new therapeutic directions to prevent asymptomatic patients from stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchan Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Yun Du
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Lei Hong
- Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Anhui China
| | - Ziting Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Kunmin Yan
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Chu Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Qiongyu Lu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Chaojun Tang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Li Zhu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Suzhou Key Laboratory of thrombosis and vascular diseases Soochow University Suzhou China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
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Kong Z, Liu Y. Soluble Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 Level Correlates With Adropin and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2022:1455613221074147. [PMID: 35261273 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221074147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1) and adropin are 2 biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of sVAP-1 in patients with moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared to healthy controls, and to further determine the relationship between sVAP-1 and adropin levels, as well as inflammatory biomarkers and sleep parameters. METHODS In this study, we included 50 male patients with OSA (25 moderate and 25 severe) and 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Patients with OSA underwent polysomnography. All subjects underwent fasting peripheral blood sampling for laboratory analysis. RESULTS Serum sVAP-1 and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, TNF-α, and hsCRP) levels were significantly higher in patients with severe OSA compared to those with moderate OSA and control groups, while plasma levels of adropin showed the opposite trend. Furthermore, sVAP-1 levels had a significant positive correlation with AHI, ODI, TNF-α, IL-6, and hsCRP levels and a significant negative correlation with adropin levels. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an Area Under Curve (AUC) of .876 (P < .001) for sVAP-1 levels predicting OSA. Serum sVAP-1 threshold of > 445.5 ng/mL had an 88% sensitivity and 80% specificity for detecting OSA status. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that sVAP-1 remained a significant positive predictor of OSA severity. CONCLUSIONS Increased sVAP-1 levels in OSA patients are significantly correlated with indices of OSA severity, adropin levels, and inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that sVAP-1 plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of OSA and may become a potential screening tool in the evaluation of OSA severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ringgold: 74757Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehong Liu
- 537229Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Li H, Du S, Niu P, Gu X, Wang J, Zhao Y. Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 (VAP-1)/Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase (SSAO): A Potential Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:679707. [PMID: 34322017 PMCID: PMC8312380 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.679707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is a semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), whose enzymatic activity regulates the adhesion/exudation of leukocytes in/from blood vessels. Due to its abundant expressions in vascular systems and prominent roles in inflammations, increasing attentions have been paid to the roles of VAP-1/SSAO in atherosclerosis, a chronic vascular inflammation that eventually drives clinical cardiovascular events. Clinical studies have demonstrated a potential value of soluble VAP-1 (sVAP-1) for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings revealed that VAP-1 is expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and treatment with VAP-1 inhibitors alleviates the progression of atherosclerosis. This review will focus on the roles of VAP-1/SSAO in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions and therapeutic potentials of VAP-1 inhibitors for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Panpan Niu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Tékus V, Horváth ÁI, Csekő K, Szabadfi K, Kovács-Valasek A, Dányádi B, Deres L, Halmosi R, Sághy É, Varga ZV, Adeghate E, Kőszegi T, Mátyus P, Gábriel R, Ferdinandy P, Pintér E, Helyes Z. Protective effects of the novel amine-oxidase inhibitor multi-target drug SZV 1287 on streptozotocin-induced beta cell damage and diabetic complications in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111105. [PMID: 33338750 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease leading to hyperglycemia due to insufficient pancreatic insulin production or effect. Amine oxidase copper containing 3 (AOC3) is an enzyme that belongs to the semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase family, which may be a novel therapeutic target to treat diabetic complications. We aimed to explore the effects of AOC3 inhibition and to test the actions of our novel AOC3 inhibitor multi-target drug candidate, SZV 1287, compared to a selective reference compound, LJP 1207, in an 8-week long insulin-controlled streptozotocin (STZ)-induced (60 mg/kg i.p.) rat diabetes model. Both AOC3 inhibitors (20 mg/kg, daily s.c. injections) were protective against STZ-induced pancreatic beta cell damage determined by insulin immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay, neuropathic cold hypersensitivity measured by paw withdrawal latency decrease from 0 °C water, and retinal dysfunction detected by electroretinography. SZV 1287 showed greater inhibitory effects on beta cell damage, and reduced retinal apoptosis shown by histochemistry. Mechanical hypersensitivity measured by aesthesiometry, cardiac dysfunction and nitrosative stress determined by echocardiography and immunohistochemistry/Western blot, respectively, serum Na+, K+, fructosamine, and urine microalbumin, creatinine, total protein/creatinine ratio alterations did not develop in response to diabetes. None of these parameters were influenced by the treatments except for SZV 1287 reducing serum fructosamine and LJP 1207 increasing urine creatinine. We provide the first evidence for protective effects of AOC3 inhibition on STZ-induced pancreatic beta cell damage, neuropathic cold hypersensitivity and diabetic retinal dysfunction. Long-term treatment with our novel multi-target analgesic candidate, SZV 1287, is safe and effective also under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Tékus
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Molecular Pharmacology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ádám István Horváth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Molecular Pharmacology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kata Csekő
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Molecular Pharmacology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Szabadfi
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Retinal Neurobiology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andrea Kovács-Valasek
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Retinal Neurobiology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bese Dányádi
- Department of Anatomy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Retinal Neurobiology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Deres
- Genomics and Experimental Cardiology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; HAS-UP Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, H-1245, Budapest, Hungary; 1st Department of Medicine, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs, Medical School, Ifjúság útja 13, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Halmosi
- Genomics and Experimental Cardiology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; 1st Department of Medicine, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs, Medical School, Ifjúság útja 13, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Sághy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tamás Kőszegi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, Ifjúság útja 13, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Mátyus
- Institute of Digital Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Health and Public Services, Ferenc tér 15, H-1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gábriel
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Retinal Neurobiology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; PharmInVivo Ltd., Szondi György u. 10, H-7629, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; Molecular Pharmacology Research Group & Centre for Neuroscience, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, H-7624, Pécs, Hungary; PharmInVivo Ltd., Szondi György u. 10, H-7629, Pécs, Hungary.
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Huang HL, Chang CH, Chen CY, Peng JK, Wang YT, Chen CY, Hsu CC, Lee CS, Tsai JS. Plasma vascular adhesion protein-1 levels correlate positively with frailty severity in older adults. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21192. [PMID: 32791695 PMCID: PMC7386979 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Geriatric frailty is associated with increased mortality and links to increased inflammatory activity. Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is important in inflammatory process. This study investigates the relationship between plasma VAP-1 level and frailty in older adults.The cross-sectional study recruited community dwelling older adults from a hospital-based comprehensive geriatric assessment program. The demographic data, Fried Frailty Index, metabolic and inflammatory parameters were assessed.A total of 151 participants (76 women, 50.3%) were included in the analysis, and the age (mean ± standard deviation) was 77.1 ± 6.1 years. The mean plasma VAP-1 level (ng/mL) was significantly different (P = .029) among different frailty groups (346.3 ± 86.5 in the robust older adults, 371.6 ± 107.9 in the pre-frail older adults, and 416.6 ± 141.1 in the frail older adults). Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis also demonstrated that plasma VAP-1 levels were positively associated with frailty severity (P = .039). Analysis of the frailty components with plasma VAP-1 levels showed that the elderly who had "exhaustion" (P = .016) or "weakness" (P = .025) tended to have higher plasma VAP-1 levels.The data support that VAP-1 might represent a potential plasma biomarker of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Liang Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | | | - Chin-Ying Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | - Jen-Kuei Peng
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | - Yu-Ting Wang
- Clinical Trial Center, Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Ching-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
- Division of Geriatric Research, Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Division of Geriatric Research, Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli
| | - Chung-Sheng Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Luzhu, Taoyuan County
| | - Jaw-Shiun Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
- Center for Complementary and Integrated Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Romero FA, Jones CT, Xu Y, Fenaux M, Halcomb RL. The Race to Bash NASH: Emerging Targets and Drug Development in a Complex Liver Disease. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5031-5073. [PMID: 31930920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) characterized by liver steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular damage. NASH is a serious condition that can progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The association of NASH with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia has led to an emerging picture of NASH as the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Although diet and exercise can dramatically improve NASH outcomes, significant lifestyle changes can be challenging to sustain. Pharmaceutical therapies could be an important addition to care, but currently none are approved for NASH. Here, we review the most promising targets for NASH treatment, along with the most advanced therapeutics in development. These include targets involved in metabolism (e.g., sugar, lipid, and cholesterol metabolism), inflammation, and fibrosis. Ultimately, combination therapies addressing multiple aspects of NASH pathogenesis are expected to provide benefit for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Anthony Romero
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Christopher T Jones
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Yingzi Xu
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Martijn Fenaux
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Randall L Halcomb
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
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11
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Dincgez Cakmak B, Dundar B, Ketenci Gencer F, Yildiz DE, Bayram F, Ozgen G, Aydin Boyama B. Assessment of relationship between serum vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) and gestational diabetes mellitus. Biomarkers 2019; 24:750-756. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1684562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Dincgez Cakmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Betul Dundar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ketenci Gencer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gaziosmanpasa Taksim Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Durkadin Elif Yildiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gaziosmanpasa Taksim Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Bayram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulten Ozgen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Burcu Aydin Boyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medipol University Esenler Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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12
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Abstract
Significance: Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an ectoenzyme that oxidates primary amines in a reaction producing also hydrogen peroxide. VAP-1 on the blood vessel endothelium regulates leukocyte extravasation from the blood into tissues under physiological and pathological conditions. Recent Advances: Inhibition of VAP-1 by neutralizing antibodies and by several novel small-molecule enzyme inhibitors interferes with leukocyte trafficking and alleviates inflammation in many experimental models. Targeting of VAP-1 also shows beneficial effects in several other diseases, such as ischemia/reperfusion, fibrosis, and cancer. Moreover, soluble VAP-1 levels may serve as a new prognostic biomarker in selected diseases. Critical Issues: Understanding the contribution of the enzyme activity-independent and enzyme activity-dependent functions, which often appear to be mediated by the hydrogen peroxide production, in the VAP-1 biology will be crucial. Similarly, there is a pressing need to understand which of the VAP-1 functions are regulated through the modulation of leukocyte trafficking, and what is the role of VAP-1 synthesized in adipose and smooth muscle cells. Future Directions: The specificity and selectivity of new VAP-1 inhibitors, and their value in animal models under therapeutic settings need to be addressed. Results from several programs studying the therapeutic potential of VAP-1 inhibition, which now are in clinical trials, will reveal the relevance of this amine oxidase in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Salmi
- 1 MediCity , Turku, Finland .,2 Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- 1 MediCity , Turku, Finland .,2 Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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13
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Serum vascular adhesion protein-1 is up-regulated in hyperglycemia and is associated with incident diabetes negatively. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:512-522. [PMID: 30022055 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) can enhance tissue glucose uptake in cell studies and normalize hyperglycemia in animal studies. However, serum VAP-1 concentration (sVAP-1) is higher in subjects with diabetes in cross-sectional studies. In this cohort study, we test our hypothesis that sVAP-1 is increased in prediabetes to counteract hyperglycemia and is associated with incident diabetes negatively. SUBJECTS/METHODS From 2006 to 2012, 600 subjects without diabetes from Taiwan Lifestyle Study were included and followed regularly. Diabetes was diagnosed if FPG ≥ 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L), 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ≥ 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L), or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5%, or if the subject received anti-diabetic medications. Abdominal fat areas were measured by abdominal computed tomography and sVAP-1 was analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS sVAP-1 was higher in subjects with prediabetes (p < 0.05) and increased during an OGTT (p < 0.001). Fasting sVAP-1 was associated with the response of sVAP-1 during an OGTT (p < 0.001). Besides, sVAP-1 was associated negatively with body mass index (BMI, r = -0.1449, p = 0.003), waist circumference (r = -0.1425, p = 0.004), abdominal visceral (r = -0.1457, p = 0.003), and subcutaneous (r = -0.1025, p = 0.035) fat areas, and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration (r = -0.2035, p < 0.0001), and positively with plasma adiponectin concentration (r = 0.2086, p < 0.0001), adjusted for age and gender. After 4.7 ± 2.6 years, 73 subjects (12.2%) developed incident diabetes. High sVAP-1 predicted a lower incidence of diabetes, adjusted for age, gender, BMI, family history of diabetes, HbA1c, HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-IR (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.50-0.88, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS sVAP-1 is increased in response to hyperglycemia. It is associated with obesity and serum hsCRP concentration negatively, and plasma adiponectin concentration positively. Besides, a high sVAP-1 is associated with a lower incidence of diabetes in human.
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14
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Wang SH, Yu TY, Tsai FC, Weston CJ, Lin MS, Hung CS, Kao HL, Li YI, Solé M, Unzeta M, Chen YL, Chuang LM, Li HY. Inhibition of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Transl Res 2018; 197:12-31. [PMID: 29653075 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative stress, and formation of advanced glycated end products (AGEs) and advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) are important for atherosclerosis. Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) participates in inflammation and has semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity, which catalyzes oxidative deamination to produce hydrogen peroxide and aldehydes, leading to generation of AGEs and ALEs. However, the effect of VAP-1/SSAO inhibition on atherosclerosis remains controversial, and no studies used coronary angiography to evaluate if plasma VAP-1/SSAO is a biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD). Here, we examined if plasma VAP-1/SSAO is a biomarker for CAD diagnosed by coronary angiography in humans and investigated the effect of VAP-1/SSAO inhibition by a specific inhibitor PXS-4728A on atherosclerosis in cell and animal models. In the study, VAP-1/SSAO expression was increased in plaques in humans and in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice, and colocalized with vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Patients with CAD had higher plasma VAP-1/SSAO than those without CAD. Plasma VAP-1/SSAO was positively associated with the extent of CAD. In ApoE-deficient mice, VAP-1/SSAO inhibition reduced atheroma and decreased oxidative stress. VAP-1/SSAO inhibition attenuated the expression of adhesion molecules, chemoattractant proteins, and proinflammatory cytokines in the aorta, and suppressed monocyte adhesion and transmigration across human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Consequently, the expression of markers for macrophage recruitment and activation in plaques was decreased by VAP-1/SSAO inhibition. Besides, VAP-1/SSAO inhibition suppressed proliferation and migration of A7r5 SMC. Our data suggest that plasma VAP-1/SSAO is a novel biomarker for the presence and the extent of CAD in humans. VAP-1/SSAO inhibition by PXS-4728A is a potential treatment for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Huei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ya Yu
- Health Management Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chiao Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chris J Weston
- Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mao-Shin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sheng Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Li Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-I Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Montse Solé
- Institut de Neurociències i Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Mercedes Unzeta
- Institut de Neurociències i Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Inhibition of Semicarbazide-sensitive Amine Oxidase Reduces Atherosclerosis in Cholesterol-fed New Zealand White Rabbits. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9249. [PMID: 29915377 PMCID: PMC6006253 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative stress, and the formation of advanced glycated end-products (AGEs) are important components of atherosclerosis. Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) participates in inflammation. Its enzymatic activity, semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), can catalyze oxidative deamination reactions to produce hydrogen peroxide and aldehydes, leading to the subsequent generation of AGEs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of VAP-1/SSAO inhibition on atherosclerosis. In our study, immunohistochemical staining showed that atherosclerotic plaques displayed higher VAP-1 expression than normal arterial walls in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, cholesterol-fed New Zealand White rabbits and humans. In cholesterol-fed rabbits, VAP-1 was expressed on endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in the thickened intima of the aorta. Treatment with PXS-4728A, a selective VAP-1/SSAO inhibitor, in cholesterol-fed rabbits significantly decreased SSAO-specific hydrogen peroxide generation in the aorta and reduced atherosclerotic plaques. VAP-1/SSAO inhibition also lowered blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, reduced the expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines, suppressed recruitment and activation of macrophages, and decreased migration and proliferation of SMC. In conclusion, VAP-1/SSAO inhibition reduces atherosclerosis and may act through suppression of several important mechanisms for atherosclerosis.
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16
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Comparison of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 and 18F-Fluorodeoxyribose-Siglec-9: Inflammation Imaging and Radiation Dosimetry. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:7645070. [PMID: 29463960 PMCID: PMC5804415 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7645070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 9 (Siglec-9) is a ligand of inflammation-inducible vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1). We compared 68Ga-DOTA- and 18F-fluorodeoxyribose- (FDR-) labeled Siglec-9 motif peptides for PET imaging of inflammation. Methods. Firstly, we examined 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 and 18F-FDR-Siglec-9 in rats with skin/muscle inflammation. We then studied 18F-FDR-Siglec-9 for the detection of inflamed atherosclerotic plaques in mice and compared it with previous 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 results. Lastly, we estimated human radiation dosimetry from the rat data. Results. In rats, 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 (SUV, 0.88 ± 0.087) and 18F-FDR-Siglec-9 (SUV, 0.77 ± 0.22) showed comparable (P = 0.29) imaging of inflammation. In atherosclerotic mice, 18F-FDR-Siglec-9 detected inflamed plaques with a target-to-background ratio (1.6 ± 0.078) similar to previously tested 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 (P = 0.35). Human effective dose estimates for 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 and 18F-FDR-Siglec-9 were 0.024 and 0.022 mSv/MBq, respectively. Conclusion. Both tracers are suitable for PET imaging of inflammation. The easier production and lower cost of 68Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 present advantages over 18F-FDR-Siglec-9, indicating it as a primary choice for clinical studies.
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17
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Leukocyte trafficking-associated vascular adhesion protein 1 is expressed and functionally active in atherosclerotic plaques. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35089. [PMID: 27731409 PMCID: PMC5059718 DOI: 10.1038/srep35089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the important role of inflammation and the potential association of the leukocyte trafficking-associated adhesion molecule vascular adhesion protein 1 (VAP-1) with atherosclerosis, this study examined whether functional VAP-1 is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions and, if so, whether it could be targeted by positron emission tomography (PET). First, immunohistochemistry revealed that VAP-1 localized to endothelial cells of intra-plaque neovessels in human carotid endarterectomy samples from patients with recent ischemic symptoms. In low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice expressing only apolipoprotein B100 (LDLR-/-ApoB100/100), VAP-1 was expressed on endothelial cells lining inflamed atherosclerotic lesions; normal vessel walls in aortas of C57BL/6N control mice were VAP-1-negative. Second, we discovered that the focal uptake of VAP-1 targeting sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 9 based PET tracer [68Ga]DOTA-Siglec-9 in atherosclerotic plaques was associated with the density of activated macrophages (r = 0.58, P = 0.022). As a final point, we found that the inhibition of VAP-1 activity with small molecule LJP1586 decreased the density of macrophages in inflamed atherosclerotic plaques in mice. Our results suggest for the first time VAP-1 as a potential imaging target for inflamed atherosclerotic plaques, and corroborate VAP-1 inhibition as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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18
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Peng Y, Wang J, Zhang M, Niu P, Yang M, Yang Y, Zhao Y. Inactivation of Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase Stabilizes the Established Atherosclerotic Lesions via Inducing the Phenotypic Switch of Smooth Muscle Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152758. [PMID: 27043821 PMCID: PMC4820117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that the elevated serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity is associated with the severity of carotid atherosclerosis in clinic, the current study aims to investigate whether SSAO inactivation by semicarbazide is beneficial for established atherosclerotic lesions in LDLr knockout mice on a high-fat/high- cholesterol Western-type diet or after dietary lipid lowering. Despite no impact on plasma total cholesterol levels, the infiltration of circulating monocytes into peripheral tissues, and the size of atherosclerotic lesions, abrogation of SSAO activity resulted in the stabilization of established lesions as evidenced by the increased collagen contents under both conditions. Moreover, SSAO inactivation decreased Ly6Chigh monocytosis and lesion macrophage contents in hypercholesterolemic mice, while no effect was observed in mice after normalization of hypercholesterolemia by dietary lipid lowering. Strikingly, abrogation of SSAO activity significantly increased not only the absolute numbers of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), but also the percent of SMCs with a synthetic phenotype in established lesions of mice regardless of plasma cholesterol levels. Overall, our data indicate that SSAO inactivation in vivo stabilizes the established plaques mainly via inducing the switch of SMCs from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. Targeting SSAO activity thus may represent a potential treatment for patients with atherosclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)/antagonists & inhibitors
- Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)/genetics
- Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)/metabolism
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/chemically induced
- Atherosclerosis/enzymology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Dietary Fats/adverse effects
- Dietary Fats/pharmacology
- Female
- Macrophages/enzymology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Monocytes/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/chemically induced
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/enzymology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Panpan Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Mengya Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- Modern Medical Research Center, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (YY)
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (YY)
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Inactivation of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase induces the phenotypic switch of smooth muscle cells and aggravates the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Atherosclerosis 2016; 249:76-82. [PMID: 27065245 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Clinical studies have demonstrated that serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activities positively correlate with the progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of SSAO inactivation on the development of atherosclerosis. METHODS Female LDLr knockout (KO) mice were given the Western-type diet for 6 and 9 weeks to induce the formation of early and advanced lesions, and semicarbazide (SCZ, 0.125%) was added into the drinking water to inactivate SSAO in vivo. RESULTS Despite no impact on plasma total cholesterol levels, abrogation of SSAO by SCZ not only resulted in the enlargement of both early (1.5-fold, p = 0.0043) and advanced (1.8-fold, p = 0.0013) atherosclerotic lesions, but also led to reduced/increased lesion contents of macrophages/smooth muscle cells (SMCs) (macrophage: ∼0.74-fold, p = 0.0002(early)/0.0016(advanced); SMC: ∼1.55-fold, p = 0.0003(early)/0.0001(advanced)), respectively. Moreover, SSAO inactivation inhibited the migration of circulating monocytes into peripheral tissues and reduced the amount of circulating Ly6C(high) monocytes (0.7-fold, p = 0.0001), which may account for the reduced macrophage content in lesions. In contrast, the increased number of SMCs in lesions of SCZ-treated mice is attributed to an augmented synthetic vascular SMC phenotype switch as evidenced by the increased proliferation of SMCs and accumulation of collagens in vivo. CONCLUSION SSAO inactivation by SCZ promotes the phenotypic switch of SMCs and the development of atherosclerosis. The enzymatic activity of SSAO may thus represent a potential target in the prevention and/or treatment of atherosclerosis.
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20
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Li HY, Lin HA, Nien FJ, Wu VC, Jiang YD, Chang TJ, Kao HL, Lin MS, Wei JN, Lin CH, Shih SR, Hung CS, Chuang LM. Serum Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 Predicts End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147981. [PMID: 26845338 PMCID: PMC4742057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) participates in inflammation and catalyzes the deamination of primary amines into aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia, both of which are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. We have shown that serum VAP-1 is higher in patients with diabetes and in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and can predict cardiovascular mortality in subjects with diabetes. In this study, we investigated if serum VAP-1 can predict ESRD in diabetic subjects. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, a total of 604 type 2 diabetic subjects were enrolled between 1996 to 2003 at National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan, and were followed for a median of 12.36 years. The development of ESRD was ascertained by linking our database with the nationally comprehensive Taiwan Society Nephrology registry. Serum VAP-1 concentrations at enrollment were measured by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. RESULTS Subjects with serum VAP-1 in the highest tertile had the highest incidence of ESRD (p<0.001). Every 1-SD increase in serum VAP-1 was associated with a hazard ratio of 1.55 (95%CI 1.12-2.14, p<0.01) for the risk of ESRD, adjusted for smoking, history of cardiovascular disease, body mass index, hypertension, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, total cholesterol, use of statins, ankle-brachial index, estimated GFR, and proteinuria. We developed a risk score comprising serum VAP-1, HbA1c, estimated GFR, and proteinuria, which could predict ESRD with good performance (area under the ROC curve = 0.9406, 95%CI 0.8871-0.9941, sensitivity = 77.3%, and specificity = 92.8%). We also developed an algorithm based on the stage of CKD and a risk score including serum VAP-1, which can stratify these subjects into 3 categories with an ESRD risk of 0.101%/year, 0.131%/year, and 2.427%/year, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, serum VAP-1 can predict ESRD and is a useful biomarker to improve risk stratification in type 2 diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-An Lin
- Lo-Sheng Sanatorium and Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Jung Nien
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Vin-Cent Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Der Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Jyun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Li Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Shin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Nan Wei
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyang-Rong Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sheng Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University School of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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21
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Pannecoeck R, Serruys D, Benmeridja L, Delanghe JR, van Geel N, Speeckaert R, Speeckaert MM. Vascular adhesion protein-1: Role in human pathology and application as a biomarker. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2015; 52:284-300. [PMID: 26287391 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2015.1050714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is a member of the copper-containing amine oxidase/semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (AOC/SSAO) enzyme family. SSAO enzymes catalyze oxidative deamination of primary amines, which results in the production of the corresponding aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and ammonium. VAP-1 is continuously expressed as a transmembrane glycoprotein in the vascular wall during development and facilitates the accumulation of inflammatory cells into the inflamed environment in concert with other leukocyte adhesion molecules. The soluble form of VAP-1 is released into the circulation mainly from vascular endothelial cells. Over- and under-expression of sVAP-1 result in alterations of the reported reaction product levels, which are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. The combination of enzymatic and adhesion capacities as well as its strong association with inflammatory pathologies makes VAP-1 an interesting therapeutic target for drug discovery. In this article, we will review the general characteristics and biological functions of VAP-1, focusing on its important role as a prognostic biomarker in human pathologies. In addition, the potential therapeutic application of VAP-1 inhibitors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nanja van Geel
- c Department of Dermatology , Ghent University Hospital , Gent , Belgium
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Is vitamin D deficiency related to accumulation of advanced glycation end products, markers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in diabetic subjects? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:958097. [PMID: 26000307 PMCID: PMC4426896 DOI: 10.1155/2015/958097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In diabetes accumulated advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are involved in the striking cardiovascular morbidity/mortality. We asked whether a hypovitaminosis D associates with an increased formation and toxicity of AGEs in diabetes. METHODS In 276 diabetics (160 M/116 F, age: 65.0 ± 13.4; 43 type 1,T1DM, and 233 type 2 patients, T2DM) and 121 nondiabetic controls (60 M/61 F; age: 58.6 ± 15.5 years) routine biochemistry, levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH)D), skin autofluorescence (SAF), plasma AGE-associated fluorescence (AGE-FL), N (ε) -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE), soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and renal function (eGFR) were determined. RESULTS In the diabetics SAF and AGE-Fl were higher than those of the controls and correlated with age, duration of diabetes, and degree of renal impairment. In T2DM patients but not in T1DM the age-dependent rise of SAF directly correlated with hs-CRP and sVAP-1. 25-(OH)D levels in diabetics and nondiabetics were lowered to a similar degree averaging 22.5 ng/mL. No relationship between 25-(OH)D and studied markers except for sVAP-1 was observed in the diabetics. CONCLUSION In diabetics hypovitaminosis D does not augment accumulation of AGEs and studied markers of microinflammation and oxidative stress except for sVAP-1.
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Stürmer M, Šebeková K, Fazeli G, Bahner U, Stäb F, Heidland A. 25-hydroxyvitamin d and advanced glycation endproducts in healthy and hypertensive subjects: are there interactions? J Ren Nutr 2015; 25:209-16. [PMID: 25600393 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulate during aging. Skin is the single organ of vitamin D synthesis, induced by ultraviolet B light. Accumulation of AGEs in the skin could interfere with synthesis of the vitamin, whereas the microinflammation and oxidative stress (associated with hypovitaminosis D) could amplify both the toxic effects of AGEs and their production. Clinical data on potential interactions between vitamin D3 deficiency and AGE accumulation are sparse. Here we investigated potential associations between levels of circulating vitamin D3 and those of AGEs in blood and skin with regard to markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in nondiabetic subjects. In a cross-sectional study, 146 subjects (119 healthy persons and 27 hypertensive patients; 73 male and 73 female; mean age, 57.0 ± 15.5 years) were included. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) and plasma levels of vitamin D3, AGE-associated fluorescence, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level, and advanced oxidation protein products as well as renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate) were determined. In a subgroup of 61 patients, N(ε)-carboxymethyllysine, soluble receptor of AGEs, and soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 were additionally analyzed. Vitamin D3 level averaged 22.5 ± 8.9 ng/mL. Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (20-29 ng/mL) was 43%, and that of deficiency (<20 ng/mL) 37%. The age-dependent rise in SAF was steeper in smokers and in subjects presenting arterial hypertension. No association between SAF and hypovitaminosis D was revealed. Among smokers, an inverse relationship manifested between vitamin D3 and plasma AGE-associated fluorescence as well as soluble vascular adhesion protein-1. Our data suggest that in nondiabetic adults, hypovitaminosis D does not enhance toxicity and accumulation of AGEs. Only in smokers interactions are conceivable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Udo Bahner
- KfH Nierenzentrum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Januszewski AS, Mason N, Karschimkus CS, Rowley KG, Best JD, O'Neal DN, Jenkins AJ. Plasma semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in type 1 diabetes is related to vascular and renal function but not to glycaemia. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2014; 11:262-269. [PMID: 24853908 DOI: 10.1177/1479164114532963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Associations of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity with renal and vascular function, oxidative stress, glycaemia and diabetes complications were determined. METHODS Plasma SSAO activity in 94 type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients, including 34 with microvascular complications T1DM CX[+], and in 96 healthy subjects (CON) was measured by production of benzaldehyde using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS SSAO activity (mean ± SD) was greater in T1DM than in CON (1049 ± 294 vs 749 ± 204 mU/L; p < 0.00001) and was higher in T1DM CX[+] vs complication-free DM subjects (1148 ± 313 mU/L vs 982 ± 269 mU/L; p = 0.01). In T1DM, SSAO activity correlated with renal dysfunction [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): r = -0.44; p = 0.0001; cystatin C: r = 0.47; p = 0.0001] and markers of inflammation [soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1): r = 0.41, p = 0.0001; soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1): r = 0.33, p = 0.002] and was inversely related to small artery elasticity (SAE) (r = -0.23, p = 0.03). In CON, SSAO activity correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.26; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION In T1DM, SSAO activity correlates with renal dysfunction, but not with glycaemia, and may promote vascular inflammation and be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S Januszewski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nick Mason
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Connie S Karschimkus
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kevin G Rowley
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James D Best
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David N O'Neal
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Aalto K, Havulinna AS, Jalkanen S, Salomaa V, Salmi M. Soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 predicts incident major adverse cardiovascular events and improves reclassification in a finnish prospective cohort study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:529-35. [PMID: 24850810 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.113.000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) associates to subclinical atherosclerotic manifestations in young people, but its association to incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and cardiovascular mortality in a general population is not known. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a newly developed ELISA to measure soluble VAP-1 (sVAP-1) levels in 2775 participants (mean age, 60 years) from a prospective cohort study (the FINRISK 2002). During a mean follow-up of 9 years, 265 participants underwent a MACE, and these participants had higher levels of sVAP-1 than those without MACE (868 ng/mL and 824 ng/mL, respectively, P<0.001). In multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model including traditional Framingham risk factors (age, sex, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, prevalent diabetes mellitus, and antihypertensive treatment), sVAP-1 independently predicted incident MACE (P=0.0046) and MACE mortality (P=0.026). The impact of sVAP-1 in predicting the 9-year absolute risk of MACE was analyzed using integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement with 10-fold cross-validation. Inclusion of sVAP-1 in the Framingham model improved integrated discrimination improvement (P=0.042), and the clinical net reclassification improvement by correctly reclassifying 9% (P=0.0019) of people in the intermediate risk (5%-20%) group. CONCLUSIONS sVAP-1 associated with increased risk of MACE and MACE mortality in people aged >50 years without prior MACE, and inclusion of sVAP-1 in the risk prediction model improved the clinical net reclassification improvement of incident MACE. Thus, sVAP-1 may be a potential new biomarker for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Aalto
- From the MediCity Research Laboratory, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (K.A., S.J., M.S.), and Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland (A.S.H., S.J., V.S., M.S.)
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- From the MediCity Research Laboratory, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (K.A., S.J., M.S.), and Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland (A.S.H., S.J., V.S., M.S.)
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- From the MediCity Research Laboratory, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (K.A., S.J., M.S.), and Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland (A.S.H., S.J., V.S., M.S.)
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- From the MediCity Research Laboratory, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (K.A., S.J., M.S.), and Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland (A.S.H., S.J., V.S., M.S.)
| | - Marko Salmi
- From the MediCity Research Laboratory, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (K.A., S.J., M.S.), and Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku and Helsinki, Finland (A.S.H., S.J., V.S., M.S.).
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Yu TY, Li HY, Jiang YD, Chang TJ, Wei JN, Lin CM, Chu CC, Chuang LM. Serum vascular adhesion protein-1 level predicts risk of incident cancers in subjects with type II diabetes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:1366-73. [PMID: 24781952 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) predicts cancer-related mortality in diabetic subjects. However, whether serum VAP-1 predicts cancer incidence or cancer progression remains unclear. We conducted a cohort study to investigate whether serum VAP-1 and related clinical variables predict incident cancers in type II diabetic subjects. METHODS From 1996 to 2003, we enrolled 568 type II diabetic subjects who were free of cancer at baseline. Serum VAP-1 at enrollment was measured by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2). The subjects were followed until first occurrence of cancer or until December 31, 2011. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 11.3 years, 71 subjects developed incident cancers. The HRs for incident cancers in subjects with highest tertile of serum VAP-1 and in subjects with CKD were 2.95 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.31-6.63; P = 0.009] and 2.29 (95% CI, 1.18-4.44; P = 0.015), respectively, after multivariate adjustment. There was an interaction between serum VAP-1 and CKD on the risk of incident cancers (P = 0.01 for log-transformed VAP-1 × CKD). The relationship among serum VAP-1, CKD, and incident cancers was similar if death was considered in the competing risk models or if subjects with shorter follow-up period were excluded. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum VAP-1 and CKD can independently predict future development of cancers in type II diabetic subjects. IMPACT Physicians should be aware of the early signs of cancer in diabetic individuals with elevated VAP-1 or renal dysfunction. More aggressive treatment strategies might be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Ya Yu
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City
| | - Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and
| | - Yi-Der Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and
| | - Tien-Jyun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and
| | - Jung-Nan Wei
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Lin
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City
| | - Ching-Chi Chu
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College and Graduate Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University School of Public Health, National Taiwan University; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; and
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Ma WY, Yu TY, Wei JN, Hung CS, Lin MS, Liao YJ, Pei D, Su CC, Lu KC, Liu PH, Lin CH, Chuang LM, Kao HL, Lin JW, Chuang YJ, Li HY. Plasma apelin: A novel biomarker for predicting diabetes. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 435:18-23. [PMID: 24721640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apelin regulates insulin sensitivity and secretion in animals. However, whether plasma apelin predicts incident diabetes in humans remains unknown. METHODS We studied a cohort including 447 subjects (148 men, 299 women) without diabetes and followed for an average of 3y. Diabetes was diagnosed by an oral glucose tolerance test, plasma hemoglobin A1c, and if the subject was taking medications for diabetes. Plasma apelin-12 at baseline was measured with a commercial kit. RESULTS Plasma apelin concentrations were higher in women than in men at baseline (p=0.007). During follow-up, 43 subjects developed type 2 diabetes. Higher plasma apelin concentrations were associated with a higher risk of diabetes in men (p=0.049) but not in women. Plasma apelin predicted incident type 2 diabetes in men (hazard ratio, 2.13, 95% CI 1.29-3.51, p<0.05), but not in women, adjusted for age, family history of diabetes, hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, hypertension, and HOMA2-IR. Apelin could improve the prediction ability beyond traditional risk factors in men, and the sensitivity and specificity of plasma apelin at 0.9ng/ml for this prediction were 63.2% and 58.9%, respectively. In men at risk for diabetes (HbA1c 5.7-6.4%, FPG 100-125mg/dl, or OGTT-2h-PG 140-199mg/dl), the risk for developing diabetes was higher in those with higher plasma apelin concentration than in those with lower plasma apelin concentrations (10.6%/year vs. 5.1%/year, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Plasma apelin is a novel biomarker for predicting type 2 diabetes in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Medical School, Catholic Fu Jen University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ya Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Nan Wei
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sheng Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Shin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jhu Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dee Pei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Medical School, Catholic Fu Jen University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Medical School, Catholic Fu Jen University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Medical School, Catholic Fu Jen University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hua Liu
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Lin
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University School of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Li Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jou-Wei Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ju Chuang
- Division of Clinical Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Ectoenzymes in leukocyte migration and their therapeutic potential. Semin Immunopathol 2014; 36:163-76. [PMID: 24638888 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-014-0417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation causes or accompanies a huge variety of diseases. Migration of leukocytes from the blood into the tissues, in the tissues, and from the tissues to lymphatic vasculature is crucial in the formation and resolution of inflammatory infiltrates. In addition to classical adhesion and activation molecules, several other molecules are known to contribute to the leukocyte traffic. Several of them belong to ectoenzymes, which are cell surface molecules having catalytically active sites outside the cell. We will review here how several ectoenzymes present on leukocytes or endothelial cell surface function as adhesins and/or modulate the extravasation cascade through their enzymatic activities. Moreover, their therapeutic potential as immune modulators in different experimental inflammation models and in clinical trials will be discussed.
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Li YI, Hung JS, Yu TY, Liou JM, Wei JN, Kao HL, Chuang LM, Shun CT, Lee PH, Lai HS, Su CY, Li HY, Liang JT. Serum vascular adhesion protein-1 predicts all-cause mortality and cancer-related mortality in subjects with colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 428:51-6. [PMID: 24211727 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) participates in inflammation and catalyzes the breakdown of amines to produce aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia. Serum VAP-1 can predict cancer mortality, including colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality, in type 2 diabetic subjects. However, it remains unknown if serum VAP-1 can predict mortality in CRC patients. This prospective cohort study investigates if serum VAP-1 is a novel biomarker for mortality prediction in CRC. METHODS We enrolled 300 CRC patients. Preoperative serum VAP-1 was measured by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. They were followed until September 2009 or death, which was ascertained by the National Death Registration System. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 4.7 years. Compared with normal counterpart, VAP-1 immunoactivity was upregulated in CRC tissues, especially at the invasion front. Serum VAP-1 can independently predict all-cause mortality (HR: 1.0026, 95% CI: 1.0003-1.0050, P<0.05) and cancer-related mortality (HR: 1.0026, 95% CI: 1.0001-1.0050, P<0.05). A risk score composed of age, gender, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) >5 ng/ml, tumor grading, tumor staging, and serum VAP-1 could stratify CRC patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk subgroups, with a 5-year mortality rate of 10%, 34%, and 78%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Serum VAP-1 predicts mortality independently and improves risk stratification in CRC subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-I Li
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Shiang Hung
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ya Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Nan Wei
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Li Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Shiee Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yin Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Tung Liang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wong MYW, Saad S, Pollock C, Wong MG. Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase and kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 305:F1637-44. [PMID: 24173357 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00416.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning chronic kidney disease, the roles of inflammation and fibrosis are becoming increasingly inseparable. The progression of renal disease is characterized by pathomorphological changes that consist of early inflammatory responses followed by tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and glomerular and vascular sclerosis. Currently available therapies that reduce hypertension, proteinuria, hyperglycemia, and interruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are at best only partially effective. Hence, there remains a need to explore agents targeting nonrenin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathways. In this review, we discuss mechanistic aspects in the physiological and pathological role of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, a protein enzyme involved in cellular trafficking and inflammation, with respect to the kidney. We explore the evidence for the use of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase inhibitors as potential agents in renal fibrosis to delay the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Y W Wong
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Level 7 Kolling Bldg., Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards 2065, NSW, Australia.
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Wang YC, Li HY, Wei JN, Lin MS, Shih SR, Hua CH, Smith DJ, Vanio J, Chuang LM. Serum vascular adhesion protein-1 level is higher in smokers than non-smokers. Ann Hum Biol 2013; 40:413-8. [PMID: 23802578 DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2013.788679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO)/vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is involved in the pathogenesis of both atherosclerosis and cancer. Because chemical components and metabolites of cigarettes are deaminated by SSAO, the relationship between smoking and serum SSAO/VAP-1 was studied in humans. METHODS A total of 451 non-diabetic and normoalbuminuric Han Chinese subjects were recruited to participate in this study. Smoking history was obtained by using a questionnaire and those who smoked more than 100 cigarettes during a 6-month period were considered smokers. Serum VAP-1 concentration was measured by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. Age, gender, waist circumference and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were adjusted in different statistical models. RESULTS Smokers were mainly male (85.7% versus 26.3%) and were more obese than non-smokers (p < 0.05). Subjects with higher serum VAP-1 concentrations were older (p < 0.001) and tended to have larger waist circumferences and lower estimated GFR. Serum VAP-1 concentration was higher in smokers than in non-smokers (p < 0.05) after adjusting for age, gender, waist circumference, estimated GFR, liver biochemistry and lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking is associated with elevated serum VAP-1 concentration. Whether VAP-1 and its SSAO activity link the relationship between cigarette smoking, atherosclerosis and cancer requires further investigation.
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Ma WY, Yang CY, Shih SR, Hsieh HJ, Hung CS, Chiu FC, Lin MS, Liu PH, Hua CH, Hsein YC, Chuang LM, Lin JW, Wei JN, Li HY. Measurement of Waist Circumference: midabdominal or iliac crest? Diabetes Care 2013; 36:1660-6. [PMID: 23275359 PMCID: PMC3661855 DOI: 10.2337/dc12-1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Waist circumference (WC) is used to define central obesity. This study aimed to compare the performance of two recommended locations of WC measurement. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cohort of 1,898 subjects who were without diabetes from 2006 to 2012 were followed for a median of 31 months (Taiwan Lifestyle Study). The WC-IC, recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program Third Adult Treatment Panel, was measured at the superior border of the iliac crest, and the WC-mid, recommended by World Health Organization and International Diabetes Federation, was measured midway between the lowest ribs and the iliac crest. The abdominal subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and visceral fat area (VFA) were assessed by computed tomography. RESULTS There was greater difference between WC-IC and WC-mid measurements in women than in men (P < 0.001). Both WC-IC and WC-mid correlated significantly with BMI, VFA, and SFA (all P < 0.001). WC-mid was better correlated to VFA than WC-IC, particularly in women, and it correlated more strongly to blood pressure, plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, triglyceride levels, HDL cholesterol, and C-reactive protein (all P < 0.05). The association of WC-mid with hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome was slightly better than that of WC-IC (area under the receiver operator curve 0.7 vs. 0.69, 0.71 vs. 0.68, and 0.75 vs. 0.7, respectively; all age-adjusted P < 0.05). With 90 cm (male)/80 cm (female) as criteria for central obesity, WC-mid, but not WC-IC, predicted the incidence of diabetes development (age-adjusted P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS WC-mid is a better measurement to define central obesity than WC-IC, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Xindian, Taiwan
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Klenovics KS, Boor P, Somoza V, Celec P, Fogliano V, Sebeková K. Advanced glycation end products in infant formulas do not contribute to insulin resistance associated with their consumption. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53056. [PMID: 23301020 PMCID: PMC3534663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infant formula-feeding is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. In rodents and healthy humans, advanced glycation end product (AGE)-rich diets exert diabetogenic effects. In comparison with human breast-milk, infant formulas contain high amounts of AGEs. We assessed the role of AGEs in infant-formula-consumption-associated insulin resistance. METHODS Total plasma levels of N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), AGEs-associated fluorescence (λ(ex) = 370 nm/λ(em) = 445 nm), soluble adhesion molecules, markers of micro- binflammation (hsCRP), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostanes) and leptinemia were determined, and correlated with insulin sensitivity in a cross-sectional study in 166 healthy term infants aged 3-to-14 months, subdivided according to feeding regimen (breast-milk- vs. infant formula-fed) and age (3-to-6-month-olds, 7-to-10-month-olds, and 11-to-14-month-old infants). Effects of the consumption of low- vs. high-CML-containing formulas were assessed. 36 infants aged 5.8 ± 0.3 months were followed-up 7.5 ± 0.3 months later. RESULTS Cross-sectional study: 3-to-6-month-olds and 7-to-10-month-old formula-fed infants presented higher total plasma CML levels and AGEs-associated fluorescence (p<0.01, both), while only the 3-to-6-month-olds displayed lower insulin sensitivity (p<0.01) than their breast-milk-fed counterparts. 3-to-6-month-olds fed low-CML-containing formulas presented lower total plasma CML levels (p<0.01), but similar insulin sensitivity compared to those on high-CML-containing formulas. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, levels of leptin and adhesion molecules did not differ significantly between the groups. Follow-up study: at initial investigation, the breast-milk-consuming infants displayed lower total plasma CML levels (p<0.01) and AGEs-associated fluorescence (p<0.05), but higher insulin sensitivity (p<0.05) than the formulas-consuming infants. At follow-up, the groups did not differ significantly in either determined parameter. CONCLUSIONS In healthy term infants, high dietary load with CML does not play a pathophysiological role in the induction of infant formula-associated insulin resistance. Whether a high load of AGEs in early childhood affects postnatal programming remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Simon Klenovics
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacotherapy, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Koc-Zorawska E, Malyszko J, Zbroch E, Malyszko J, Mysliwiec M. Vascular adhesion protein-1 and renalase in regard to diabetes in hemodialysis patients. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8:1048-52. [PMID: 23319980 PMCID: PMC3542495 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2012.32413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is a copper-containing semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) secreted by vascular smooth muscle cells, adipocytes, and endothelial cells with functional monoamine oxidase activity. Renalase, with possible monoamine oxidase activity, which breaks down catecholamines like SSAO, is also expressed in the endothelium as well as in the kidney. The aim of the study was to assess VAP-1 level and its correlation with renalase level in 60 hemodialyzed (HD) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Complete blood count, urea, serum lipids, fasting glucose and creatinine were studied by the standard laboratory method in the hospital central laboratory. We assessed VAP-1 and renalase with commercially available assays. RESULTS The mean level of VAP-1 as well as renalase was significantly higher in HD patients when compared to the control group (291.01 ±94.91 ng/ml vs. 158.34 ±56.89 ng/ml, p < 0.01; 27.53 ±9.394.91 µg/ml vs. 4.00 ±1.37 µg/ml, p < 0.001, respectively). In hemodialysis patients VAP-1 correlated with presence of diabetes (r = 0.27, p < 0.05), presence of hypertension (r = 0.32, p < 0.05), use of calcium channel blockers (r = 0.30, p < 0.05), use of β-blockers (r = 0.25, p < 0.05), ejection fraction (r = -0.38, p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure before (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) and after hemodialysis (r = 0.30, p < 0.01), and weight gain (r = 0.41, p < 0.01). Renalase was not significantly different in diabetic and non-diabetic patients or between hypertensive and normotensive patients. In multiple regression analysis VAP-1 was predicted 77% by serum ejection fraction and fibrinogen. CONCLUSIONS Vascular adhesion protein-1, elevated in patients on hemodialysis, was predominantly dependent on blood pressure and diabetes, both factors associated with endothelial damage and promoting cardiovascular complications. Renalase appeared to be unrelated to VAP, at least in the HD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Koc-Zorawska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
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Koc-Zorawska E, Malyszko J, Malyszko JS, Mysliwiec M. VAP-1, a novel molecule linked to endothelial damage and kidney function in kidney allograft recipients. Kidney Blood Press Res 2012; 36:242-7. [PMID: 23154672 DOI: 10.1159/000343413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS VAP-1 (vascular adhesion protein-1) is a copper-containing SSAO (semicarbazide sensitive amine oxidase) secreted by vascular smooth muscle cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells with functional monoamine oxidase activity. The oxidation process generates harmful products that may be involved in atherosclerosis and vascular damage. Elevation of SSAO activity is observed in atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and obesity. On the other hand, renalase, with possible monoamine oxidase activity, which breaks down catecholamines like SSAO, is also expressed in the endothelium as well as in the kidney. The aim of the study was to assess VAP-1 levels and its correlations with endothelial injury markers and renalase in 50 kidney allograft recipients. METHODS Hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, rate were studied by standard laboratory method in the hospital central laboratory. We assessed markers of endothelial function/injury: vWF, thrombomodulin, ICAM, VCAM, CD40L, CD44, CD146, inflammation: hsCRP, and IL-6 and adipocytokines: leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, apelin with commercially available assays. RESULTS The mean serum VAP-1 in Tx was significantly higher comparing to the control group. In kidney transplant recipients VAP-1 correlated with BMI (r=0.39, p<0.01), CD44 (r=0.27, p<0.05), hsCRP (r=0.28, p<0.05), serum creatinine (r=0.29, p<0.05), eGFR (CKD-EPI formula r=-0.27, p<0.05, MDRD r=-0.27,p<0.05, Cockcroft-Gault r=-0.35,p<0.01), serum urea (r=0.27, p<0.05), CD146 (r=0.49, p<0.001), CD40L (r=0.26, p<0.06), and renalase (r=0.34, p<0.05). In multiple regression analysis VAP-1 was predicted 80% by serum creatinine (beta value 0.33, p=0.01), and CD146 (beta value 43, p=0.0005). CONCLUSION VAP-1, elevated in kidney transplant recipients, is predominantly dependent on endothelial damage and kidney function, which deteriorated with time after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Koc-Zorawska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
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Aalto K, Maksimow M, Juonala M, Viikari J, Jula A, Kähönen M, Jalkanen S, Raitakari OT, Salmi M. Soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 correlates with cardiovascular risk factors and early atherosclerotic manifestations. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 32:523-32. [PMID: 22116093 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.238030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular adhesion protein-1 is an endothelial enzyme that regulates leukocyte traffic and contributes to vascular damage in animal models. The relations of soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1) with cardiovascular risk factors and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis at a population level have not been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS We developed a new high-throughput method and measured sVAP-1 activities in serum of 2183 persons (The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study). In women, sVAP-1 activity correlated indirectly with body mass index (r=-0.15, P<0.0001), triglycerides (r=-0.13, P<0.0001), C-reactive protein (r=-0.23; P<0.0001), and brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation (r=-0.076, P=0.0089) and directly with carotid plaques (r=0.066, P=0.023). None of these correlations was significant in men. In women, all these univariate correlations remained significant after adjustment for body mass index, and direct correlations with LDL-cholesterol (r=0.094, P=0.0014) and carotid intima-media thickness (r=0.075, P=0.010) became evident. In men, sVAP-1 activity associated directly with glucose (r=0.074, P=0.020), intima-media thickness (r=0.072, P=0.025), metabolic syndrome (P=0.016), and type 1 (P=0.0002) and type 2 (P<0.0001) diabetes. In multivariable analyses, sVAP-1 activity was an independent determinant of carotid intima-media thickness (P=0.0072) and plaques [odds ratio 1.71 (95% confidence interval 1.07-2.72, P=0.025] in women, but not in men. CONCLUSIONS sVAP-1 activity correlates directly with intima-media thickness and carotid plaques in general population and may play a role in the pathophysiology of preclinical atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Aalto
- MediCity Research Laboratory, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
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Klenovicsová K, Krivošíková Z, Gajdoš M, Sebeková K. Association of sVAP-1, sRAGE, and CML with lactation-induced insulin sensitivity in young non-diabetic healthy women. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:1842-7. [PMID: 21718692 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In comparison with non-lactating women breast-feeding mothers display higher insulin sensitivity. Recent data suggest that advanced glycation end products, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1) may play a role in insulin resistance even in healthy subjects. AIM We studied whether breast-feeding induced insulin sensitivity associates with changes in concentrations of circulating sVAP-1, sRAGE and N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) - chemically defined advanced glycation end product and RAGE ligand. METHODS In 74 lactating non-diabetic mothers, 45 weaned non-diabetic mothers and 50 age-matched non-parous women insulin sensitivity was assessed using Quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI). sVAP-1, sRAGE and CML levels were determined. RESULTS Lactating mothers were more insulin sensitive than their weaned and non-parous counterparts. Lactating mothers displayed the highest concentrations of sRAGE, and higher sVAP-1 levels if compared to weaned mothers. Both groups of mothers presented with lower CML levels than the non-parous women. CONCLUSION Lactation-induced insulin sensitivity is associated with higher sVAP-1 and a tendency towards higher sRAGE levels. Lactation-associated rise in sVAP-1 may promote effective glucose utilization in the mother. Lactation-induced insulin sensitivity vanishes shortly after weaning. In young healthy women CML levels are of no clinical relevance to insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Klenovicsová
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacotherapy, Medical faculty, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Dunkel P, Balogh B, Meleddu R, Maccioni E, Gyires K, Mátyus P. Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase/vascular adhesion protein-1: a patent survey. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2011; 21:1453-71. [PMID: 21675926 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2011.594040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1)/semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) is an adhesion protein involved in leukocyte trafficking and inflammatory processes, with a special amine oxidase activity. Inhibitors have been mainly developed for treating chronic inflammatory disorders. The utility of inhibitors as antiangiogenic agents in ophthalmological and oncological diseases is currently under evaluation. SSAO substrates may mimic several insulin effects, although their utility for the treatment of diabetes is still far from being fully understood. AREAS COVERED This paper reviews the patent literature of SSAO/VAP-1 inhibitors and substrates, for the period of 1990 - 2010. The current stage of SSAO/VAP-1-interacting agents published in patents is described, along with their chemical structures and pharmacological uses. EXPERT OPINION SSAO/VAP-1 is a promising anti-inflammatory target. Another important field for therapeutic application of these inhibitors may be ophthalmology, due to their antiangiogenic effects. SSAO substrates might also be of therapeutic value in the treatment of diabetes; however, more extensive research has to be undertaken to validate this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Dunkel
- Semmelweis University, Department of Organic Chemistry , Hőgyes Endre utca 7, 1092 Budapest , Hungary
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Li HY, Jiang YD, Chang TJ, Wei JN, Lin MS, Lin CH, Chiang FT, Shih SR, Hung CS, Hua CH, Smith DJ, Vanio J, Chuang LM. Serum vascular adhesion protein-1 predicts 10-year cardiovascular and cancer mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2011; 60:993-9. [PMID: 21282368 PMCID: PMC3046860 DOI: 10.2337/db10-0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) participates in inflammation and catalyzes the breakdown of amines to produce aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia. Serum VAP-1 correlates positively with both acute hyperglycemia and diabetes. We conducted a cohort study to evaluate whether serum VAP-1 predicts 10-year survival in type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Between July 1996 and June 2003, we enrolled 661 type 2 diabetic subjects at National Taiwan University Hospital. Serum VAP-1 in the samples obtained at enrollment was measured by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. The vital status of all subjects was ascertained by linking their data with computerized death certificates in Taiwan. RESULTS The medium follow-up period was 10.4 years. Subjects with serum VAP-1 in the highest tertile had a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.19 (95% CI 1.17-4.11) for all-cause mortality adjusted for age, sex, smoking, history of cardiovascular disease, obesity, hypertension, hemoglobin A(1c), diabetes duration, total cholesterol, use of statins, abnormal ankle-brachial index, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria. The adjusted HRs for logarithmically transformed serum VAP-1 were 5.83 (95% CI 1.17-28.97) for cardiovascular mortality, 6.32 (95% CI 1.25-32.00) for mortality from cardiovascular and diabetic causes, and 17.24 (95% CI 4.57-65.07) for cancer mortality. There were four variables, including age, serum VAP-1, proteinuria, and eGFR, which could enhance mortality prediction significantly. CONCLUSIONS Serum VAP-1 can predict 10-year all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality independently in type 2 diabetic subjects. Serum VAP-1 is a novel biomarker that improves risk prediction over and above established risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Der Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Jyun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Nan Wei
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Shin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tien Chiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyang-Rong Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi Sheng Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Cyue-Huei Hua
- Division of Clinical Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University School of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding author: Lee-Ming Chuang,
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Li HY, Lin MS, Shih SR, Hua CH, Liu YL, Chuang LM, Sung FC, Chen MF, Lee JC, Chiao CH, Wei JN. The performance of risk scores and hemoglobin A1c to find undiagnosed diabetes with isolated postload hyperglycemia. Endocr J 2011; 58:441-8. [PMID: 21490405 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.k11e-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop strategies to screen diabetic subjects with isolated postload hyperglycemia (IPH) in Chinese population. We included 1175 adult subjects who did not report diabetes were included. Diabetes was diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance tests. IPH was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG)<7 mmol/l and 2-hour post-load plasma glucose (2hPG) greater than 11.1 mmol/l. Using FPG criteria, only 59.8% of diabetic subjects were not identified, showing a poor agreement between FPG and 2hPG criteria (kappa 0.294). Age, FPG, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, body mass index, HbA1c and medication for hypertension were associated factors for IPH. Four scores were constructed using all these factors, age and blood test results, age and HbA1c, and data from non-invasive examinations, respectively. The area under the ROC curve were 0.9296(95%CI 0.8948-0.9643), 0.9111(95%CI 0.8713-0.9508), 0.8902(95%CI 0.8341-0.9646), 0.8924(95%CI 0.7835-0.8753), and 0.8654(95%CI 0.7963-0.9345) for score 1, 2, 3, 4, and HbA1c, respectively. The sensitivity of all four risk scores to detect IPH was better than that of impaired fasting glucose (IFG). The sensitivity and specificity of HbA1c at cutoff 6.2% for detecting IPH was also better than that of IFG. In conclusion, the risk scores and HbA1c are useful to identify subjects with undiagnosed IPH, with better performance than IFG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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