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Warming H, Deinhardt K, Garland P, More J, Bulters D, Galea I, Vargas-Caballero M. Functional effects of haemoglobin can be rescued by haptoglobin in an in vitro model of subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurochem 2023; 167:90-103. [PMID: 37702203 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
During subarachnoid haemorrhage, a blood clot forms in the subarachnoid space releasing extracellular haemoglobin (Hb), which causes oxidative damage and cell death in surrounding tissues. High rates of disability and cognitive decline in SAH survivors are attributed to loss of neurons and functional connections during secondary brain injury. Haptoglobin sequesters Hb for clearance, but this scavenging system is overwhelmed after a haemorrhage. Whilst exogenous haptoglobin application can attenuate cytotoxicity of Hb in vitro and in vivo, the functional effects of sub-lethal Hb concentrations on surviving neurons and whether cellular function can be protected with haptoglobin treatment remain unclear. Here we use cultured neurons to investigate neuronal health and function across a range of Hb concentrations to establish the thresholds for cellular damage and investigate synaptic function. Hb impairs ATP concentrations and cytoskeletal structure. At clinically relevant but sub-lethal Hb concentrations, we find that synaptic AMPAR-driven currents are reduced, accompanied by a reduction in GluA1 subunit expression. Haptoglobin co-application can prevent these deficits by scavenging free Hb to reduce it to sub-threshold concentrations and does not need to be present at stoichiometric amounts to achieve efficacy. Haptoglobin itself does not impair measures of neuronal health and function at any concentration tested. Our data highlight a role for Hb in modifying synaptic function in surviving neurons, which may link to impaired cognition or plasticity after SAH and support the development of haptoglobin as a therapy for subarachnoid haemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Warming
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katrin Deinhardt
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - John More
- Bio Products Laboratory Limited, Elstree, UK
| | - Diederik Bulters
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Ian Galea
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Mariana Vargas-Caballero
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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2
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Singh P, Crossman DK, Zhou L, Wang X, Sharafeldin N, Hageman L, Blanco JG, Burridge PW, Armenian SH, Balis FM, Hawkins DS, Keller FG, Hudson MM, Neglia JP, Ritchey AK, Ginsberg JP, Landier W, Bhatia S. Haptoglobin Gene Expression and Anthracycline-Related Cardiomyopathy in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A COG-ALTE03N1 Report. JACC CardioOncol 2023; 5:392-401. [PMID: 37397079 PMCID: PMC10308004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of premature death in childhood cancer survivors. The high interindividual variability in risk suggests the need to understand the underlying pathogenesis. Objectives The authors interrogated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to identify genetic variants serving regulatory functions or genetic variants not easily identified when using genomewide array platforms. Using leads from DEGs, candidate copy number variants (CNVs) and single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) were genotyped. Methods Messenger RNA sequencing was performed on total RNA from peripheral blood of 40 survivors with cardiomyopathy (cases) and 64 matched survivors without cardiomyopathy (control subjects). Conditional logistic regression analysis adjusting for sex, age at cancer diagnosis, anthracycline dose, and chest radiation was used to assess the associations between gene expression and cardiomyopathy and between CNVs and SNVs and cardiomyopathy. Results Haptoglobin (HP) was identified as the top DEG. Participants with higher HP gene expression had 6-fold greater odds of developing cardiomyopathy (OR: 6.4; 95% CI: 1.4-28.6). The HP2-specific allele among the HP genotypes (HP1-1, HP1-2, and HP2-2) had higher transcript levels, as did the G allele among SNVs previously reported to be associated with HP gene expression (rs35283911 and rs2000999). The HP1-2 and HP2-2 genotypes combined with the G/G genotype for rs35283911 and/or rs2000999 placed the survivors at 4-fold greater risk (OR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.0-14.5) for developing cardiomyopathy. Conclusions These findings provide evidence of a novel association between HP2 allele and cardiomyopathy. HP binds to free hemoglobin to form an HP-hemoglobin complex, thereby preventing oxidative damage from free heme iron, thus providing biological plausibility to the mechanistic basis of the present observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Singh
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Liting Zhou
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xuexia Wang
- Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Noha Sharafeldin
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lindsey Hageman
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Javier G. Blanco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Paul W. Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Saro H. Armenian
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Frank M. Balis
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Frank G. Keller
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - A. Kim Ritchey
- Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jill P. Ginsberg
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wendy Landier
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Smita Bhatia
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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3
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Edinga BEE, Bigna JJ, Nansseu JR, Tchapmi AY, Mbouna SFM, Belinga S, Njoya O, Ama-Moor VJ, Njouom R. Simple noninvasive tests for liver fibrosis diagnosis in sub-Saharan African adults with chronic viral hepatitis B or C: A cross sectional study in Cameroon. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:56-60. [PMID: 36155867 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aimed at measure the correlation between simple less expensive and noninvasive tests for liver fibrosis and Fibrotest among patients with chronic hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) in resource-limited settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Centre Pasteur of Cameroon among adults with chronic HBV or HCV infection. The correlation between aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI), the gamma-glutamyl transferase to platelet ratio (GPR), and Fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4); and Fibrotest was assessed using the Spearman rank test providing the rho (ρ) coefficient of correlation. RESULTS Of the 52 patients (mean age: 49 years, males: 51.9%) included, 52% were infected with HBV (n = 27). The APRI, GPR, FIB-4, and Fibrotest median scores (25th-75th percentiles) were: 0.37 (0.25-0.64), 0.34 (0.20-1.45), 1.49 (0.88-3.12), and 0.43 (0.21-0.80), respectively. The correlation with Fibrotest were: APRI (ρ = 0.678, p value < 0.0001), GPR (ρ = 0.621, p value < 0.0001) and FIB-4 (ρ = 0.772, p value < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This study found a significant correlation between APRI, GPR and FIB-4; and Fibrotest among patients with chronic HBV or HCV infection in Cameroon. FIB-4 appeared as the diagnosis method with the strongest correlation with Fibrotest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertille Elodie E Edinga
- National Laboratory of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of Biochemistry, Higher Institute of Medical Technologies, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Jean Joel Bigna
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Jobert Richie Nansseu
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Adrienne Y Tchapmi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | | | - Suzanne Belinga
- Department of Medical Analyses, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Oudou Njoya
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Vicky Jocelyne Ama-Moor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Biochemistry, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Richard Njouom
- Department of Virology, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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Physiology and Proteomic Basis of Lung Adaptation to High-Altitude Hypoxia in Tibetan Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162134. [PMID: 36009723 PMCID: PMC9405401 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As an indigenous animal living in the Tibetan plateau, the Tibetan sheep is well adapted to high-altitude hypoxia, and the lungs play an important role in overcoming the hypoxic environment. To reveal the physiological and proteomic basis of Tibetan sheep lungs during their adaptation to hypoxia, we studied the lungs of Tibetan sheep at different altitudes using light and electron microscopy and proteome sequencing. The results showed that in the lungs of Tibetan sheep occurred a series of physiological changes with increasing altitude, and some important proteins and pathways identified by proteome sequencing further support these physiology findings. These changes at the physiological and molecular levels may facilitate the adaptation of Tibetan sheep to high-altitude hypoxia. In conclusion, these findings may provide a reference for the prevention of altitude sickness in humans. Abstract The Tibetan sheep is an indigenous animal of the Tibetan plateau, and after a long period of adaptation have adapted to high-altitude hypoxia. Many physiological changes occur in Tibetan sheep as they adapt to high-altitude hypoxia, especially in the lungs. To reveal the physiological changes and their molecular mechanisms in the lungs of Tibetan sheep during adaptation to high altitudes, we selected Tibetan sheep from three altitudes (2500 m, 3500 m, and 4500 m) and measured blood-gas indicators, observed lung structures, and compared lung proteome changes. The results showed that the Tibetan sheep increased their O2-carrying capacity by increasing the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and Hematocrit (Hct) at an altitude of 3500 m. While at altitude of 4500 m, Tibetan sheep decreased their Hb concentration and Hct to avoid pulmonary hypertension and increased the efficiency of air-blood exchange and O2 transfer by increasing the surface area of gas exchange and half-saturation oxygen partial pressure. Besides these, some important proteins and pathways related to gas transport, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis identified by proteome sequencing further support these physiology findings, including HBB, PRDX2, GPX1, GSTA1, COL14A1, and LTBP4, etc. In conclusion, the lungs of Tibetan sheep are adapted to different altitudes by different strategies; these findings are valuable for understanding the basis of hypoxic adaptation in Tibetan sheep.
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Wong RSM, Pullon HWH, Amine I, Bogdanovic A, Deschatelets P, Francois CG, Ignatova K, Issaragrisil S, Niparuck P, Numbenjapon T, Roman E, Sathar J, Xu R, Al-Adhami M, Tan L, Tse E, Grossi FV. Inhibition of C3 with pegcetacoplan results in normalization of hemolysis markers in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Ann Hematol 2022; 101:1971-1986. [PMID: 35869170 PMCID: PMC9375762 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-04903-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired hematologic disorder characterized by complement-mediated hemolysis. C5 inhibitors (eculizumab/ravulizumab) control intravascular hemolysis but do not prevent residual extravascular hemolysis. The newly approved complement inhibitor, pegcetacoplan, inhibits C3, upstream of C5, and has the potential to improve control of complement-mediated hemolysis. The PADDOCK and PALOMINO clinical trials assessed the safety and efficacy of pegcetacoplan in complement inhibitor-naïve adults (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with PNH. Patients in PADDOCK (phase 1b open-label, pilot trial) received daily subcutaneous pegcetacoplan (cohort 1: 180 mg up to day 28 [n = 3]; cohort 2: 270–360 mg up to day 365 [n = 20]). PALOMINO (phase 2a, open-label trial) used the same dosing protocol as PADDOCK cohort 2 (n = 4). Primary endpoints in both trials were mean change from baseline in hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase, haptoglobin, and the number and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events. Mean baseline hemoglobin levels were below the lower limit of normal in both trials (PADDOCK: 8.38 g/dL; PALOMINO: 7.73 g/dL; normal range: 11.90–18.00 g/dL), increased to within normal range by day 85, and were sustained through day 365 (PADDOCK: 12.14 g/dL; PALOMINO: 13.00 g/dL). In PADDOCK, 3 serious adverse events (SAE) led to study drug discontinuation, 1 of which was deemed likely related to pegcetacoplan and 1 SAE, not deemed related to study drug, led to death. No SAE led to discontinuation/death in PALOMINO. Pegcetacoplan was generally well tolerated and improved hematological parameters by controlling hemolysis, while also improving other clinical PNH indicators in both trials. These trials were registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02588833 and NCT03593200).
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Evaluation of serum haptoglobin levels and Hp1-Hp2 polymorphism in the haptoglobin gene in patients with atrial fibrillation. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7359-7365. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07528-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Somer S, Levy AP. The Role of Haptoglobin Polymorphism in Cardiovascular Disease in the Setting of Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E287. [PMID: 33396615 PMCID: PMC7796233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Preclinical models have suggested that excessive oxidative stress and hyperglycemia are directly responsible for this pathological association. However, numerous clinical trials involving the administration of high doses of the antioxidant vitamin E or attempts at strict glycemic control have failed to show a significant reduction of CVD in DM patients. We describe here a possible explanation for the failure of these trials, that being their lack of proper patient selection. The haptoglobin (Hp) genotype is a major determinant of the risk of CVD in the setting of DM. Treatment of individuals with the high-risk Hp genotype with antioxidants or aggressive glycemic control has shown benefit in several small studies. These studies suggest a precision medicine-based approach to preventing diabetes complications. This approach would have a profound effect on the costs of diabetes care and could dramatically reduce morbidity from diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew P. Levy
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron st. Bat Galim, Haifa 3525433, Israel;
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8
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Pan P, Xu L, Zhang H, Liu Y, Lu X, Chen G, Tang H, Wu J. A Review of Hematoma Components Clearance Mechanism After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:685. [PMID: 32733194 PMCID: PMC7358443 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a complicated clinical syndrome, which is caused by several kinds of cerebrovascular disorders, with high morbidity, disability and mortality rate. In recent years, several studies have shown that early brain injury (EBI) is an important factor leading to the poor prognosis of SAH. A major cause of EBI has been attributed that hematoma components invade into the brain parenchyma, resulting in neuronal cell death. Therefore, the clearance of hematoma components is essential in the clinical outcome of patients after SAH. Here, in the review, we provide a summary of the current known hematoma components clearance mechanisms and simultaneously propose a new hypothesis for hematoma components clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjie Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Xu
- Intensive Care Unit of Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongrong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hailiang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Vázquez-Moreno M, Locia-Morales D, Perez-Herrera A, Gomez-Diaz RA, Gonzalez-Dzib R, Valdez-González AL, Flores-Alfaro E, Corona-Salazar P, Suarez-Sanchez F, Gomez-Zamudio J, Valladares-Salgado A, Wacher-Rodarte N, Cruz M, Meyre D. Causal Association of Haptoglobin With Obesity in Mexican Children: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5822684. [PMID: 32309857 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Little is known about the association between haptoglobin level and cardiometabolic traits. A previous genome-wide association study identified rs2000999 in the HP gene as the stronger genetic contributor to serum haptoglobin level in European populations. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN We investigated the association of HP rs2000999 with serum haptoglobin and childhood and adult obesity in up to 540/697 and 592/691 Mexican cases and controls, respectively. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Serum haptoglobin was measured by an immunoturbidimetry assay. HP rs2000999 was genotyped using the TaqMan technology. Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using the Wald and inverse variance weighting methods. RESULTS Haptoglobin level was positively associated with childhood and adult obesity. HP rs2000999 G allele was positively associated with haptoglobin level in children and adults. HP rs2000999 G allele was positively associated with childhood but not adult obesity. The association between HP rs2000999 and childhood obesity was removed after adjusting for haptoglobin level. In a Mendelian randomization analysis, haptoglobin level genetically predicted by HP rs2000999 showed a significant causal effect on childhood obesity by the Wald and inverse variance weighting methods. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence for the first time for a causal positive association between serum haptoglobin level and childhood obesity in the Mexican population. Our study contributes to the genetic elucidation of childhood obesity and proposes haptoglobin as an important biomarker and treatment target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Vázquez-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Daniel Locia-Morales
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39090, Mexico
| | - Aleyda Perez-Herrera
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral-Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Rita A Gomez-Diaz
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Roxana Gonzalez-Dzib
- Servicio de Prestaciones Médicas del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Delegación Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Adriana L Valdez-González
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39090, Mexico
| | - Perla Corona-Salazar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Suarez-Sanchez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Gomez-Zamudio
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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10
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Morton MJ, Hostettler IC, Kazmi N, Alg VS, Bonner S, Brown MM, Durnford A, Gaastra B, Garland P, Grieve J, Kitchen N, Walsh D, Zolnourian A, Houlden H, Gaunt TR, Bulters DO, Werring DJ, Galea I. Haptoglobin genotype and outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:305-313. [PMID: 31937585 PMCID: PMC7116595 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-321697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE After aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH), extracellular haemoglobin (Hb) in the subarachnoid space is bound by haptoglobin, neutralising Hb toxicity and helping its clearance. Two exons in the HP gene (encoding haptoglobin) exhibit copy number variation (CNV), giving rise to HP1 and HP2 alleles, which influence haptoglobin expression level and possibly haptoglobin function. We hypothesised that the HP CNV associates with long-term outcome beyond the first year after aSAH. METHODS The HP CNV was typed using quantitative PCR in 1299 aSAH survivors in the Genetics and Observational Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (GOSH) Study, a retrospective multicentre cohort study with a median follow-up of 18 months. To investigate mediation of the HP CNV effect by haptoglobin expression level, as opposed to functional differences, we used rs2000999, a single nucleotide polymorphism associated with haptoglobin expression independent of the HP CNV. Outcome was assessed using modified Rankin and Glasgow Outcome Scores. SAH volume was dichotomised on the Fisher grade. Haemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 44 patients with aSAH and related to the HP CNV. RESULTS The HP2 allele associated with a favourable long-term outcome after high-volume but not low-volume aSAH (multivariable logistic regression). However rs2000999 did not predict outcome. The HP2 allele associated with lower CSF haemoglobin-haptoglobin complex levels. The CSF Hb concentration after high-volume and low-volume aSAH was, respectively, higher and lower than the Hb-binding capacity of CSF haptoglobin. CONCLUSION The HP2 allele carries a favourable long-term prognosis after high-volume aSAH. Haptoglobin and the Hb clearance pathway are therapeutic targets after aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Morton
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Isabel C Hostettler
- Stroke Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nabila Kazmi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Varinder S Alg
- Stroke Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Bonner
- Department of Anaesthesia, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Martin M Brown
- Stroke Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Durnford
- Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Benjamin Gaastra
- Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Patrick Garland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
| | - Joan Grieve
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Neil Kitchen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Daniel Walsh
- Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ardalan Zolnourian
- Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Diederik O Bulters
- Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - David J Werring
- Stroke Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ian Galea
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK
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Hostettler IC, Morton MJ, Ambler G, Kazmi N, Gaunt T, Wilson D, Shakeshaft C, Jäger HR, Cohen H, Yousry TA, Al-Shahi Salman R, Lip G, Brown MM, Muir K, Houlden H, Bulters DO, Galea I, Werring DJ. Haptoglobin genotype and outcome after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:298-304. [PMID: 31924654 PMCID: PMC7612606 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-321774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Haptoglobin is a haemoglobin-scavenging protein that binds and neutralises free haemoglobin and modulates inflammation and endothelial progenitor cell function. A HP gene copy number variation (CNV) generates HP1 and HP2 alleles, while the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2000999 influences their levels. The HP1 allele is hypothesised to improve outcome after spontaneous (non-traumatic) intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). We investigated the associations of the HP CNV genotype and rs2000999 with haematoma volume, perihaematomal oedema (PHO) volume, functional outcome and mortality after ICH. METHODS We included patients with neuroimaging-proven ICH, available DNA and 6-month follow-up in an observational cohort study (CROMIS-2). We classified patients into three groups according to the HP CNV: 1-1, 2-1 or 2-2 and also dichotomised HP into HP1-containing genotypes (HP1-1 and HP2-1) and HP2-2 to evaluate the HP1 allele. We measured ICH and PHO volume on CT; PHO was measured by oedema extension distance. Functional outcome was assessed by modified Rankin score (unfavourable outcome defined as mRS 3-6). RESULTS We included 731 patients (mean age 73.4, 43.5% female). Distribution of HP CNV genotype was: HP1-1 n=132 (18.1%); HP2-1 n=342 (46.8%); and HP2-2 n=257 (35.2%). In the multivariable model mortality comparisons between HP groups, HP2-2 as reference, were as follows: OR HP1-1 0.73, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.56 (p value=0.41) and OR HP2-1 0.5, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.89 (p value=0.02) (overall p value=0.06). We found no evidence of association of HP CNV or rs200999 with functional outcome, ICH volume or PHO volume. CONCLUSION The HP2-1 genotype might be associated with lower 6-month mortality after ICH; this finding merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew J Morton
- Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gareth Ambler
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nabila Kazmi
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Duncan Wilson
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Clare Shakeshaft
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - H R Jäger
- Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Hannah Cohen
- Department of Haematology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tarek A Yousry
- Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Gregory Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverepool, UK
| | - Martin M Brown
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Keith Muir
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Diederik O Bulters
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Ian Galea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - David J Werring
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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12
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Suarez-Sanchez F, Vazquez-Moreno M, Herrera-Lopez E, Gomez-Zamudio JH, Peralta-Romero JJ, Castelan-Martinez OD, Cruz M, Parra EJ, Valladares-Salgado A. Association of rs2000999 in the haptoglobin gene with total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels in Mexican type 2 diabetes patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17298. [PMID: 31574854 PMCID: PMC6775401 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, studies have shown significant association between the rs2000999 polymorphism in the haptoglobin-encoding gene (HP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) levels, which are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, the association of rs2000999 with serum lipids in Latin American diabetic populations is still uncharacterized. Here, we analyzed the association of rs2000999 with TC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and LDL-C levels in 546 Mexican adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in 654 controls without T2D. In this observational case-control study we included adults from 4 centers of the Mexican Social Security Institute in Mexico City recruited from 2012 to 2015. TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides (TG), and glucose levels were measured by an enzymatic colorimetric method. The variant rs2000999 was genotyped using TaqMan real time polymerase chain reaction. The percentage of Native-American ancestry showed a negative association with the rs2000999 A allele. In contrast, the rs2000999 A allele had a strong positive association with European ancestry, and to a lesser extent, with African ancestry. Linear regression was used to estimate the association between the variant rs2000999 and lipid concentrations, using different genetic models. Under codominant and recessive models, rs2000999 was significantly associated with TC and LDL-C levels in the T2D group and in controls without T2D. In addition, the group with T2D showed a significant association between the variant and HDL-C levels. In summary, the rs2000999 A allele in Mexican population is positively associated with the percentage of European and negatively associated with Native American ancestry. Carriers of the A allele have increased levels of TC and LDL-C, independently of T2D diagnosis, and also increased concentrations of HDL-C in the T2D sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Suarez-Sanchez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - Miguel Vazquez-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - Ema Herrera-Lopez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - Jaime H. Gomez-Zamudio
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - José J. Peralta-Romero
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | | | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - Esteban J. Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
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