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Zheng R, Wu A, Li J, Tang Z, Zhang J, Zhang M, Wei Z. Progress and Outlook on Electrochemical Sensing of Lung Cancer Biomarkers. Molecules 2024; 29:3156. [PMID: 38999110 PMCID: PMC11243195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as powerful tools for the ultrasensitive detection of lung cancer biomarkers like carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and alpha fetoprotein (AFP). This review comprehensively discusses the progress and potential of nanocomposite-based electrochemical biosensors for early lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. By integrating nanomaterials like graphene, metal nanoparticles, and conducting polymers, these sensors have achieved clinically relevant detection limits in the fg/mL to pg/mL range. We highlight the key role of nanomaterial functionalization in enhancing sensitivity, specificity, and antifouling properties. This review also examines challenges related to reproducibility and clinical translation, emphasizing the need for standardization of fabrication protocols and robust validation studies. With the rapid growth in understanding lung cancer biomarkers and innovations in sensor design, nanocomposite electrochemical biosensors hold immense potential for point-of-care lung cancer screening and personalized therapy guidance. Realizing this goal will require strategic collaboration among material scientists, engineers, and clinicians to address technical and practical hurdles. Overall, this work provides valuable insight for developing next-generation smart diagnostic devices to combat the high mortality of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450053, China; (R.Z.); (A.W.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Henan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (M.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Aochun Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450053, China; (R.Z.); (A.W.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Henan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (M.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jiyue Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450099, China; (J.L.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zhengfang Tang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450099, China; (J.L.); (Z.T.)
| | - Junping Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Henan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (M.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Mingli Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, Henan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (M.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zheng Wei
- Cancer Research Institute, Henan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; (M.Z.); (Z.W.)
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Xing L, Zhao S, Gao S, Shi X, Huang Y, Bian P, Sun J. Reference intervals of Cyfra21-1 and CEA in healthy adult Han Chinese population. Pract Lab Med 2024; 40:e00409. [PMID: 38846326 PMCID: PMC11153929 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2024.e00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to establish the reference intervals of Cyfra21-1 and CEA for the local screening populations using a chemiluminescence method. Methods A total of 4845 healthy adults and 190 lung cancer patients were included from the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University. The levels of Cyfra21-1 and CEA were measured to establish the local reference intervals. Results The upper limit reference intervals for Cyfra21-1 and CEA were determined as 3.19 ng/ml and 3.13 ng/ml, respectively. Notably, both Cyfra21-1 and CEA levels were found to be higher in males than in females. Additionally, both biomarkers showed an increasing trend with age.In terms of diagnostic efficacy, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve areas for Cyfra21-1, CEA, and their combination in lung cancer were 0.86, 0.73, and 0.91, respectively. Conclusion Our study revealed that the reference intervals of Cyfra21-1 and CEA in the local population differed from the established reference intervals. Furthermore, both biomarkers exhibited gender-dependent variations and demonstrated a positive correlation with age. Combining the two biomarkers showed potential for improving the diagnosis rate of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shichao Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yaomeng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Puhuan Bian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jingna Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
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Aydın M, Aydın EB, Sezgintürk MK. Ultrasensitive detection of NSE employing a novel electrochemical immunosensor based on a conjugated copolymer. Analyst 2024; 149:1632-1644. [PMID: 38305417 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01602a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In the current study a simple and highly specific label-free impedimetric neuron specific enolase (NSE) immunosensor based on a copolymer matrix-coated disposable electrode was designed and tested. The copolymer matrix was prepared using a very conductive EDOT monomer and semi-conductive thiophene-bearing epoxy groups (ThEp), and the combination of the two monomers enhanced the conductivity and protein loading capacity of the electrode surface. The P(ThEp-co-EDOT) copolymer matrix was prepared via a drop-casting process and anti-NSE recognition biomolecules were immobilized directly on the epoxy groups of the copolymer. After the coupling of NSE molecules on the P(ThEp-co-EDOT) copolymer matrix-coated electrode surface, the charge transfer resistance (Rct) of the biosensor changed dramatically. These changes in Rct were proportional to the NSE molecule amounts captured by anti-NSE molecules. Under optimized experimental conditions, the increment in the Rct value was proportional to the NSE concentration over a range of 0.01 to 25 pg mL-1 with a detection limit (LOD) of 2.98 × 10-3 pg mL-1. This copolymer-coated electrode provided a lower LOD than the other biosensors. In addition, the suggested electrochemical immuno-platform showed good selectivity, superior reproducibility, long-term stability, and high recovery of NSE in real serum (95.64-102.20%) and saliva (95.28-105.35%) samples. These results showed that the present system had great potential for electrochemical biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Aydın
- Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Elif Burcu Aydın
- Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Geiger K, Joerger M, Roessler M, Hettwer K, Ritter C, Simon K, Uhlig S, Holdenrieder S. Relevance of tumor markers for prognosis and predicting therapy response in non-small cell lung cancer patients: A CEPAC-TDM biomarker substudy. Tumour Biol 2024; 46:S191-S206. [PMID: 38363625 DOI: 10.3233/tub-230014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein tumor markers are released in high amounts into the blood in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). OBJECTIVE To investigate the relevance of serum tumor markers (STM) for prognosis, prediction and monitoring of therapy response in NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy. METHODS In a biomarker substudy of a prospective, multicentric clinical trial (CEPAC-TDM) on 261 advanced NSCLC patients, CYFRA 21-1, CEA, SCC, NSE, ProGRP, CA125, CA15-3 and HE4 were assessed in serial serum samples and correlated with radiological response after two cycles of chemotherapy and overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS While pretherapeutic STM levels at staging did not discriminate between progressive and non-progressive patients, CYFRA 21-1, CA125, NSE and SCC at time of staging did, and yielded AUCs of 0.75, 0.70, 0.69 and 0.67 in ROC curves, respectively. High pretherapeutic CA15-3 and CA125 as well as high CYFRA 21-1, SCC, CA125 and CA15-3 levels at staging were prognostic for shorter PFS and OS -also when clinical variables were added to the models. CONCLUSIONS STM at the time of first radiological staging and pretherapeutic CA15-3, CA125 are predictive for first-line treatment response and highly prognostic in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Geiger
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Max Roessler
- Central European Society for Anticancer Drug Research (CESAR), Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christoph Ritter
- Institute of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kirsten Simon
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, Dresden, Germany
- CEBIO GmbH - Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Uhlig
- QuoData GmbH-Quality & Statistics, Dresden, Germany
- CEBIO GmbH - Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Centre, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- CEBIO GmbH - Center for Evaluation of Biomarkers, Munich, Germany
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Zhou D, Zhai X, Zhang R. Ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2) as a potential sero-diagnostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291461. [PMID: 37699023 PMCID: PMC10497127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage using current tumor markers. Here, we aimed to identify potential novel potential biomarkers for NSCLC. MATERIAL/METHODS Four independent datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were analyzed. The relative expression of ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 (RRM2) mRNA in 30 paired of NSCLC paired tissues was measured by reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Serum levels of cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, and serum RRM2 levels were evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The mRNA expression level of RRM2 was significantly increased in most NSCLC lesions compared to para-adjacent tissues. Serum RRM2 levels in NSCLC patients were significantly elevated compared to healthy controls and were also associated with distant metastasis and histological type, but not with tumor size or lymph node metastasis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed a higher diagnostic ratio for NSCLC using RRM2 alone compared to other traditional tumor markers. CONCLUSIONS RRM2 is a potential sero-diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-Construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Xiuming Zhai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Rosiek V, Kogut A, Kos-Kudła B. Pro-Gastrin-Releasing Peptide as a Biomarker in Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3282. [PMID: 37444393 PMCID: PMC10340053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of effective biomarkers for diagnosing lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (LNENs). A known small cell lung cancer (SCLC) biomarker is a pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), but not for all LNENs, especially for bronchopulmonary carcinoids. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of ProGRP and chromogranin A (CgA) in diagnosing LNENs. The ProGRP and CgA levels in 290 cases of LNENs and 54 healthy controls (HCs) were measured. The median ProGRP concentration in the group of LNEN patients was 136.4 pg/mL, higher than that of HCs at 6.5 pg/mL. Most of the LNEN cohort was well-differentiated tumors (typical and atypical carcinoids, n = 262, 91.7% of all LNENs). The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of ProGRP when distinguishing LNENs vs. HCs were 94.8%, 100%, and 0.995. CgA (AUC = 0.375) could not determine LNENs vs. HCs. Therefore, based on these results, ProGRP may be considered as an effective marker for diagnosing LNENs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Rosiek
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumours, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-014 Katowice, Poland
| | - Angelika Kogut
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumours, Medical University of Silesia, 40-014 Katowice, Poland
| | - Beata Kos-Kudła
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumours, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-014 Katowice, Poland
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Li J, Li Y, Huo L, Sun R, Liu X, Gu Q, Li A, Han S, Liu H, Li Y, Zhang Y. Detection of serum HE4 levels contributes to the diagnosis of lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:255. [PMID: 37205918 PMCID: PMC10189848 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and is the leading cause of cancer-associated death. Serum markers that exhibit high sensitivity and specificity for LC may assist in the diagnosis and prognosis of LC. The banked serum samples from 599 individuals, including 201 healthy controls, 124 patients with benign lung diseases, and 274 LC cases, were used. The serum concentrations of biomarkers were determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and chemiluminescence immunoassay. The results showed that the serum human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4) levels in the LC group were significantly higher than in the healthy and benign lung disease groups. The serum levels of HE4, NSE, and CYFRA21-1 were significantly higher in patients with LC compared to those in the benign lung disease group. The area under the area under the curve (AUC) of HE4 for discriminating LC from healthy controls was 0.851 (95% CI, 0.818-0.884) and 0.739 (95% CI, 0.695-0.783), 0.747 (95% CI, 0.704-0.790), 0.626 (95% CI, 0.577-0.676), and 0.700 (95% CI, 0.653-0.747) for NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCC, and ProGRP, respectively. The AUC value of the combination of serum HE4 combined with NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCC, and proGRP for cancer diagnosis was 0.896 (95% CI, 0.868-0.923). In early LC, the AUC value of HE4 for discriminating early LC from healthy controls was 0.802 (95% CI, 0.758-0.845), 0.728 (95% CI, 0.679-0.778), 0.699 (95% CI, 0.646-0.752), 0.605 (95% CI, 0.548-0.662), and 0.685 (95% CI, 0.630-0.739) for NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCC, and ProGRP, respectively. The AUC value of the combination of serum HE4 with NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCC, and proGRP for early LC was 0.867 (95% CI, 0.831-0.903). Serum HE4 is a promising LC biomarker, particularly for early-stage LC. Measuring serum HE4 levels may improve the diagnostic efficiency of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhu Li
- Department of Radiology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Huo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- Department of Neurology, Zunhua Renmin Hospital, Zunhua, Hebei 064200, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Quan Gu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Sugui Han
- Nuclear Medicine Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Nuclear Medicine Clinical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Li
- The Cancer Institute, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Yumin Zhang, Department of Medical Laboratory, Tangshan People's Hospital, 65 Shengli Road, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Zhu Y, Cui Y, Zheng X, Zhao Y, Sun G. Small-cell lung cancer brain metastasis: From molecular mechanisms to diagnosis and treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166557. [PMID: 36162624 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most malignant human cancer worldwide, also with the highest incidence rate. However, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 14 % of all lung cancer cases. Approximately 10 % of patients with SCLC have brain metastasis at the time of diagnosis, which is the leading cause of death of patients with SCLC worldwide. The median overall survival is only 4.9 months, and a long-tern cure exists for patients with SCLC brain metastasis due to limited common therapeutic options. Recent studies have enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to meningeal metastasis, and multimodality treatments have brought new hopes for a better cure for the disease. This review aimed to offer an insight into the cellular processes of different metastatic stages of SCLC revealed by the established animal models, and into the major diagnostic methods of SCLC. Additionally, it provided in-depth information on the recent advances in SCLC treatments, and highlighted several new models and biomarkers with promises to improve the prognosis of SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingze Zhu
- Department of Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-industrial Integration Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Yishuang Cui
- Department of Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-industrial Integration Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Xuan Zheng
- Department of Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-industrial Integration Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Guogui Sun
- Department of Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-industrial Integration Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China.
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Liu J, Wu D, Shen B, Chen M, Zhou X, Zhang P, Qiu G, Ji Y, Du X, Yang Y. Serum lactate dehydrogenase predicts brain metastasis and survival in limited-stage small cell lung cancer patients treated with thoracic radiotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation. Strahlenther Onkol 2022; 198:1094-1104. [PMID: 35857072 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-022-01977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a high risk of brain metastasis and poor survival. This study aims to assess the prognostic role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) treated with thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI). METHODS This study retrospectively evaluated 197 consecutive patients who underwent TRT and PCI for LS-SCLC between November 2005 and October 2017. Both pretreatment and maximal serum LDH levels (mLDH) during treatment were checked, and an increased LDH level was defined as more than 240 IU/ml. Clinical factors were tested for associations with intracranial progression-free survival (IPFS) and overall survival (OS) after PCI. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were carried out to identify variables associated with survival. RESULTS Of the total patients, 28 had higher pretreatment LDH levels and mLDH levels were increased in 95 patients during treatment. In patients in the normal and elevated mLDH groups, the 1‑, 2‑, and 5‑year IPFS rates were 96.7% vs. 90.1%, 91.7% vs. 73.8%, and 87.8% vs. 61.0% (P < 0.01), respectively. Compared to those with normal LDH levels, patients with increased mLDH levels had a higher cumulative risk of intracranial metastasis (hazard ratio [HR] 3.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.73-8.63; P < 0.01) and worse overall survival (HR 2.59; 95% CI 1.67-4.04; P < 0.01). The factors LDH level at baseline or changes between pretreatment level and maximum level during treatment failed to predict brain metastases or OS with statistical significance. In the multivariate analyses, both mLDH during treatment (HR 3.53; 95% CI 1.57-7.92; P = 0.002) and patient age ≥ 60 (HR 2.46; 95% CI 1.22-4.94; P = 0.012) were independently associated with worse IPFS. Factors significantly associated with worse OS included mLDH during treatment (HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.56-3.86; P < 0.001), IIIB stage (HR 1.75; 95% CI 1.06-2.88; P = 0.029), and conventional radiotherapy applied in TRT (HR 1.66; 95% CI 1.04-2.65; P = 0.034). CONCLUSION The mLDH level during treatment predicts brain metastasis and survival in LS-SCLC patients treated with TRT and PCI, which may provide valuable information for identifying patients with poor survival outcomes and possible candidates for treatment intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjiang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, 312000, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongping Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, 312000, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, 312000, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyuan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqin Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongling Ji
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianghui Du
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China. .,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.
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Zhang X, Lv F, Fu B, Li W, Lin R, Chu Z. Clinical and Computed Tomography Characteristics for Early Diagnosis of Peripheral Small-cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:589-601. [PMID: 35210856 PMCID: PMC8857949 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s351561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Chonggang General Hospital, Chongqing, 400080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fajin Lv
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binjie Fu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wangjia Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiyu Lin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Chu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhigang Chu, Tel +86 18723032809, Fax +86 23 68811487, Email
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Zhao Q, Yuan Z, Wang H, Zhang H, Duan G, Zhang X. Role of circulating tumor cells in diagnosis of lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060521994926. [PMID: 33682521 PMCID: PMC7944544 DOI: 10.1177/0300060521994926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We systematically reviewed the literature relating to the diagnostic accuracy of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for the clinical determination of lung cancer. Methods This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CTCs for the clinical determination of lung cancer. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies up to 31 May 2020. The numbers of patients with true positive, false positive, false negative, and true negative results were extracted from each individual study. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve values were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Twenty-one studies with 3997 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The overall diagnostic accuracy was assessed. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.72 (95%CI: 0.65–0.79) and 0.96 (95%CI: 0.91–0.98), respectively, and the pooled positive and negative likelihood ratios were 16.86 (95%CI: 7.65–37.12) and 0.29 (95%CI: 0.23–0.37), respectively. The combined diagnostic odds ratio was 58.12 (95%CI: 24.82–136.09). Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that CTCs had good diagnostic value for detecting lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huien Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guochen Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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Li M, Han D, Wang W, Zhang Y, Li D, Dai C, Qian L, Lin W. Decline in serum progastrin-releasing peptide predicts the response of patients with small cell lung cancer to chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:301. [PMID: 33101495 PMCID: PMC7577081 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The utility of serum progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as biomarkers for treatment monitoring and as prognostic factors was investigated in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Patients were first diagnosed pathologically at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China and had their serum ProGRP and NSE levels measured using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. A total of 120 SCLC patients were enrolled. In responsive patients, ProGRP levels decreased significantly following two cycles of chemotherapy and continued to decline over the course of treatment. However, this decrease in ProGRP levels was not observed in non-responsive patients. Changes in ProGRP levels were more accurate than changes in NSE levels for monitoring the effects of chemotherapy in patients with SCLC. Following two treatment cycles or after the occurrence of drug resistance, changes in ProGRP levels in patients with low ProGRP levels at the time of diagnosis were not notably, regardless of whether or not patients were responders. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the decline in ProGRP levels as a therapeutic biomarker of SCLC was 0.9643, and the cut-off value was 55.02%. A decline in ProGRP levels maybe a good predictor of objective response to chemotherapy in patients with SCLC with higher ProGRP levels at diagnosis. This model is expected to replace or be combined with imaging to predict chemotherapeutic treatment effects in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Han
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang Dai
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Liting Qian
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Wenchu Lin
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
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