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Biya S, Negash N, Hailu T, Tesfaye G, Yaya EE. Highly sensitive square wave voltammetric method for determination of brucine in artificial urine samples based on choline chloride modified glassy carbon electrode. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14544. [PMID: 37101509 PMCID: PMC10123166 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper demonstrates a highly sensitive Voltammetric sensor for determination of brucine (BRU) in artificial urine sample based on choline chloride modified glassy carbon electrode (ChCl/GCE). The simple and cost effective modification was performed by electrodeposition of choline chloride on glassy carbon electrode surface using cyclic voltammetry technique. The modified electrode surface was characterized by electrochemical, spectroscopic and microscopic imaging. The electrode yields a well-resolved peak current for the irreversible oxidation of brucine in the first scan and a pair of quasi-reversible peaks during the second scan. The CV study indicates that brucine undergoes an adsorption controlled electrochemical process with equal number of electrons and protons transfer on the ChCl/GCE. The SWV result shows that the reduction peak current of BRU at the ChCl/GCE was linear in the range of 0.001 μM-10 μM with limit of detection 8 × 10-5 μM, limit of quantification 2.6 × 10-4 μM and sensitivity of 116.4 μA/μM. The ChCl/GCE also showed an excellent selectivity, reproducibility and long-time stability towards the electrochemical reduction of Brucine. Moreover, the practical applicability of the fabricated ChCl/GCE was examined in order to determine BRU in artificial urine samples with recovery ranging from 95.5 to 102.7%. The validity of the developed method was confirmed by chromatographic techniques, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the results obtained are consistent the HPLC method.
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Abstract
A study of the plants, and their associated poisons, in the Poison Garden at The Alnwick Garden was undertaken across a calendar year. By selecting 25 plants in the Poison Garden, we have been able to develop a single chromatographic method for the determination and quantification of 15 plant toxins by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column (3.5 µm, 100 × 4.6 mm) with a gradient method using water +0.1% formic acid and methanol +0.1% formic acid. The developed method was validated for precision, linearity, limits of detection and quantification and extraction recoveries. The method showed good linearity with a R2 value of >0.995 for all 15 compounds with good precision of 10.7%, 6.7% and 0.3% for the low, medium and high calibration points, respectively. The LC-MS method was used to analyse 25 plant species, as well as their respective parts (i.e., bulb, flower, fruit, leaf, pollen, seed, stem and root), to assess the human risk assessment to children (aged 1 to <2 years) in relation to the plant toxin and its respective LD50. The analysis found that the greatest potential health risks were due to the ingestion of Colchicum autumnale and Atropa belladonna. As a caution, all identified plants should be handled with care with additional precautionary steps to ensure nil contact by children because of the potential likelihood of hand-to-mouth ingestion.
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Lu Z, Zhang T, Yang J, Wang J, Shen J, Wang X, Xiao Z, Niu Y, Liu G, Zhang X. Effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based nano-fragrance on the central nervous system. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:535-540. [PMID: 33204240 PMCID: PMC7645641 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragrances are widely used in our daily lives and can make us feel happy. However, traditional aromatic products release fragrance quickly and have a strong aroma. This not only worsens our scenting experience, but also severely shortens the useful life of fragrance products. In this study, nano-fragrances based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles with great encapsulation efficiency and slow-release function were designed and prepared. In addition, this nano-fragrances are applied to wallpapers. Open field tests showed that this nano-fragrance had significant stress relief and anti-depressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Tianlu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jianze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Zuobing Xiao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance and Flavor IndustryShanghaiP. R. China
- School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yunwei Niu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance and Flavor IndustryShanghaiP. R. China
- School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Guiying Liu
- Department of PediatricsCapital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Anzhen HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
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Simultaneous determination of five metal ions by on-line complexion combined with micelle to solvent stacking in capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2020; 209:120578. [PMID: 31892076 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A direct on-line complexion combined with micelle to solvent stacking method was proposed for simultaneous determination of metal ions by capillary electrophoresis coupled diode array detector. During the experiment, a plug of complexing agent was first injected to the inlet of capillary, followed by introducing the micelle-bound metal ions. Then the metal ions produced a micelle-to-solvent stacking effect and interacted with the complexing agent under a positive voltage. Continued application of voltage, the analytes were effectively focused and separated in the capillary zone electrophoresis. Repeatability was ranged from 1.89% to 1.94% for the migration time. The detection limits were 2.66-27.9 ng mL-1 for Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Cd2+. Furthermore, the developed method showed a great potential for the determination of metal ions in the crayfish, beebread and Dendrobium officinale samples.
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Mümin Y, Filik H, Aydar S, Avan AA. Electrochemical Determination of Brucine in Urine with a Poly(Alizarin Red S)-modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1154569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Detection limit enhancement of antiarrhythmic drugs in human plasma using capillary electrophoresis with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and field-amplified sample stacking method. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:21-37. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A new capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with ultraviolet detection method has been developed and validated for the analysis of four antiarrhythmic drugs in human plasma samples. Methods: In this study, a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with field-amplified sample stacking (FASS) was employed for biological samples clean-up and sensitivity enhancement in CZE. Results: Under optimum DLLME-FASS-CZE conditions, enhancement factors were in the range of 157–314. The method was validated over the concentration range of 20–800 ng/ml in human plasma. Inter- and intra-day precision and the accuracy were less than 20%; the detection limits ranged from 2.5 to 4.7 ng/ml. Furthermore, the validated method was successfully applied to the detection of studied drugs in patients’ plasma samples.
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Wang CH, Ma XX, Wang C, Wu QH, Wang Z. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane based thin film microextraction for enrichment of benzoylurea insecticides from water samples followed by their determination with HPLC. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Li J, Ye N, Gao C, Zhou T, Ma J. Capillary Coated with Graphene Oxide as Stationary Phase for the Separation of Brucine and Strychnine by Capillary Electrophoresis. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:641-5. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Kukusamude C, Srijaranai S, Quirino JP. Anionic microemulsion to solvent stacking for on-line sample concentration of cationic analytes in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:1478-83. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyapuk Kukusamude
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry; University of Tasmania; Hobart Australia
- Materials Chemistry Research Unit; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Supalax Srijaranai
- Materials Chemistry Research Unit; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry; University of Tasmania; Hobart Australia
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Yang X, Zhang S, Wang J, Wang C, Wang Z. On-line two-step stacking in capillary zone electrophoresis for the preconcentration of strychnine and brucine. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 814:63-8. [PMID: 24528845 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An on-line sample preconcentration method by two-step stacking i.e., sweeping and micelle to solvent stacking, in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) has been developed for the determination of strychnine and brucine in traditional Chinese herbal medicines. After experimental optimizations, the best separation was achieved by using 75 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) with 30% methanol (v/v). Compared with normal CZE injection, 51- and 38-fold improvement in concentration sensitivity was achieved for strychnine and brucine, respectively. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.1-5.0 μg mL(-1) for both strychnine and brucine, with the correlation coefficients of 0.9998 and 0.9997, respectively. The limits of detection (S/N=3) for both alkaloids were 0.01 μg mL(-1). The inter-day (n=8) and intra-day (n=5) reproducibilities expressed as the relative standard deviations for corrected peak area were less than 9.5%. The method was applied to determine strychnine and brucine in two Chinese herbal medicines, with recoveries ranging from 94.2% to 105.4%. The results indicated that the method is simple, rapid, reliable, and can be applied to determine strychnos alkaloids in traditional Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Yang
- Department of chemistry, College of Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Shuaihua Zhang
- Department of chemistry, College of Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Juntao Wang
- Department of chemistry, College of Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of chemistry, College of Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of chemistry, College of Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China.
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Development of Micellar to Solvent Stacking On-line Preconcentration Technique in Capillary Electrophoresis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(13)60698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Šlampová A, Malá Z, Pantůčková P, Gebauer P, Boček P. Contemporary sample stacking in analytical electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:3-18. [PMID: 23161176 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sample stacking is a term denoting a multifarious class of methods and their names that are used daily in CE for online concentration of diluted samples to enhance separation efficiency and sensitivity of analyses. The essence of these methods is that analytes present at low concentrations in a large injected sample zone are concentrated into a short and sharp zone (stack) in the separation capillary. Then the stacked analytes are separated and detected. Regardless of the diversity of the stacking electromigration methods, one can distinguish four main principles that form the bases of nearly all of them: (i) Kohlrausch adjustment of concentrations, (ii) pH step, (iii) micellar methods, and (iv) transient ITP. This contribution is a continuation of our previous reviews on the topic and brings an overview of papers published during 2010-2012 and relevant to the mentioned principles (except the last one which is covered by another review in this issue).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Šlampová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
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Rabanes HR, Aranas AT, Benbow NL, Quirino JP. Synergistic effect of field enhanced sample injection on micelle to solvent stacking in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1267:74-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zhang S, Ma R, Yang X, Wang C, Wang Z. On-line sample concentration and determination of cationic alkaloids in human plasma by micelle to solvent stacking in capillary zone electrophoresis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 906:41-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yu Z, Wu Z, Gong F, Wong R, Liang C, Zhang Y, Yu Y. Simultaneous determination of six toxic alkaloids in human plasma and urine using capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2773-80. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuhong Yu
- School of Pharmacy; Fudan University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Zhongping Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence; P. R. China
| | - Feijun Gong
- Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence; P. R. China
| | - Rong Wong
- Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence; P. R. China
| | - Chen Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence; P. R. China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence; P. R. China
| | - Yunqiu Yu
- School of Pharmacy; Fudan University; Shanghai P. R. China
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Quirino JP, Aranas AT. On-line sample concentration via micelle to solvent stacking of cations prepared with aqueous organic solvents in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2167-75. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Quirino JP, Aranas AT. Simultaneous electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injection with on-line sample concentration via micelle to solvent stacking in micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 733:84-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Review of recent developments of on-line sample stacking techniques and their application in capillary electrophoresis. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractCapillary electrophoresis (CE) has become one of the most useful tools in separation science because of its high separation efficiency, low cost, versatility, ease of sample preparation and automation. However, some limitations of CE, such as poor concentration sensitivity due to its lower sample loading and shorter optical path length, limits its further applications in separation science. In order to solve this problem, various on-line sample preconcentration techniques such as transient isotachophoresis preconcentration, field-enhanced sample stacking, micelle to solvent stacking, micelle collapse, dynamic pH junction, sweeping, solid phase extraction, single drop microextraction and liquid phase microextraction have been combined with CE. Recent developments, applications and some variants together with different combinations of these techniques integrating in CE are reviewed here and our discussions will be confined to the past three years (2008–2011).
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Wang Q, Qiu H, Han H, Liu X, Jiang S. Two-step stacking by sweeping and micelle to solvent stacking using a long-chain cationic ionic liquid surfactant. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:589-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rabanes HR, Guidote AM, Quirino JP. Capillary electrophoresis of natural products: Highlights of the last five years (2006-2010). Electrophoresis 2011; 33:180-95. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen XJ, Zhao J, Wang YT, Huang LQ, Li SP. CE and CEC analysis of phytochemicals in herbal medicines. Electrophoresis 2011; 33:168-79. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Quirino JP, Aranas AT. Micelle to solvent stacking of organic cations in micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sodium dodecyl sulfate. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:7377-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Potential of long chain ionic liquids for on-line sample concentration techniques: Application to micelle to solvent stacking. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:5718-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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