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Senekowitsch S, Wietkamp E, Grimm M, Schmelter F, Schick P, Kordowski A, Sina C, Otzen H, Weitschies W, Smollich M. High-Dose Spermidine Supplementation Does Not Increase Spermidine Levels in Blood Plasma and Saliva of Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081852. [PMID: 37111071 PMCID: PMC10143675 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Spermidine is a biogenic polyamine that plays a crucial role in mammalian metabolism. As spermidine levels decline with age, spermidine supplementation is suggested to prevent or delay age-related diseases. However, valid pharmacokinetic data regarding spermidine remains lacking. Therefore, for the first time, the present study investigated the pharmacokinetics of oral spermidine supplementation. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded, two-armed crossover trial with two 5-day intervention phases separated by a washout phase of 9 days. In 12 healthy volunteers, 15 mg/d of spermidine was administered orally, and blood and saliva samples were taken. Spermidine, spermine, and putrescine were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The plasma metabolome was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. (3) Results: Compared with a placebo, spermidine supplementation significantly increased spermine levels in the plasma, but it did not affect spermidine or putrescine levels. No effect on salivary polyamine concentrations was observed. (4) Conclusions: This study's results suggest that dietary spermidine is presystemically converted into spermine, which then enters systemic circulation. Presumably, the in vitro and clinical effects of spermidine are at least in part attributable to its metabolite, spermine. It is rather unlikely that spermidine supplements with doses <15 mg/d exert any short-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Senekowitsch
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eliza Wietkamp
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmelter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Schick
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Kordowski
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans Otzen
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Smollich
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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Quantum Dots and Double Surfactant-Co-modified Electromembrane Extraction of Polar Aliphatic Bioamines in Water Samples Followed by Capillary Electrophoresis with Contactless Conductivity Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Peña J, Laespada MEF, Pinto CG, Pavón JLP. Development of a method for the determination of polyamines including N-acetylated forms in human saliva via benzoylation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462278. [PMID: 34102399 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the determination of polyamines and their N-acetylated forms was developed using benzoyl chloride as derivatization reagent, and 1,6-diaminohexane as internal standard, followed by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic extract was injected in a gas chromatograph using a programmed temperature vaporizer and the determination and quantification was performed with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. There was no matrix effect with the proposed method, so internal calibration was used to quantify the corresponding derivatives. Good linear responses were obtained in the range from the limits of detection to 500 µg L-1 (50 µg L-1 for spermidine), with correlation coefficients varying from 0.9591 to 0.9968. The limits of quantification (S/N = 10) ranged 1.0 - 8.3 µg L-1. Recoveries were found between 82 - 117%, showing the good accuracy of the proposed method. Intra- and inter-day precision assays, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) were evaluated at two different concentration levels (low and high), showing values in the range of 2.4 - 6.1% and 5.2 - 9.0% for repeatability and reproducibility, respectively (6.9 - 9.7% and 14.1 - 14.6% for spermidine). Successful determination of the studied polyamines and their N-acetylated forms was performed on the saliva of 17 volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Peña
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Mª Esther Fernández Laespada
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmelo García Pinto
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Luis Pérez Pavón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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Luo D, Fang Z, Zhao X, Ma Y, Ye J, Chu Q. Salt-effect enhanced hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction of glutathione in human saliva followed by miniaturized capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:328-334. [PMID: 31884689 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) method was established for purification and enrichment of glutathione (GSH) in human saliva followed by a miniaturized capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection system (mini-CE-AD). Based on regulating isoelectric point and increasing salt effect to modify donor phase, HF-LPME could provide high enrichment efficiency for GSH up to 471 times, and the extract was directly injected for mini-CE-AD analysis. The salt-effect enhanced HF-LPME/mini-CE-AD method has been successfully applied to saliva analysis, and acceptable LOD (0.46 ng/mL, S/N = 3) and recoveries (92.7-101.3%) could be obtained in saliva matrix. The sample pretreatment of this developed method was simple and required no derivatization, providing a potential alternative for non-invasive fluid analysis using portable instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghui Fang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yaolu Ma
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiannong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qingcui Chu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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5
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Costa BM, Prado AA, Oliveira TC, Bressan LP, Munoz RA, Batista AD, da Silva JA, Richter EM. Fast methods for simultaneous determination of arginine, ascorbic acid and aspartic acid by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2019; 204:353-358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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6
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Determination of polyamines and related compounds in saliva via in situ derivatization and microextraction by packed sorbents coupled to GC-MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1129:121821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kubáň P, Dvořák M, Kubáň P. Capillary electrophoresis of small ions and molecules in less conventional human body fluid samples: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1075:1-26. [PMID: 31196414 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, advances in sensitive analytical techniques have encouraged the analysis of various compounds in biological fluids. While blood serum, blood plasma and urine still remain the golden standards in clinical, toxicological and forensic science, analyses of other body fluids, such as breast milk, exhaled breath condensate, sweat, saliva, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, or capillary blood in form of dried blood spots are becoming more popular. This review article focuses on capillary electrophoresis and microchip electrophoresis of small ions and molecules (e.g. inorganic cations/anions, basic/acidic drugs, small acids/bases, amino acids, peptides and other low molecular weight analytes) in various less conventional human body fluids and hopes to stimulate further interest in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Dvořák
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Chen Z, Wang T, Guo M, Chang H, Zhou H, Wang Y, Ye J, Chu Q, Huang D. Electrophoretic analysis of polyamines in exhaled breath condensate based on gold-nanoparticles microextraction coupled with field-amplified sample stacking. Talanta 2019; 198:480-486. [PMID: 30876590 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, citrate-capped gold-nanoparticles (citrate-AuNPs) have been firstly used for selective extraction of trace polyamines, putrescine (Put) and cadaverine (Cad), followed by field-amplified sample stacking (FASS) coupled with capillary electrophoresis and capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (FASS-CE-C4D). Put and Cad were extracted by electrostatic attractions between the amine group of the polyamines and the citrate ligands adsorbed on the surfaces of AuNPs. AuNPs microextraction (AuNPs-ME) effectively shortened preparation time (50 min) by introducing ultrasound, and the required sample extraction volume was only 1 mL. Furthermore, a synergistic enrichment strategy based on off-line AuNPs-ME and on-line FASS significantly improved the detection sensitivity, making the enrichment factors up to 1726-1887 times. Under the optimum conditions, Put and Cad could be well separated from the potential coexisting substances and then directly determined by CE-C4D without derivatization. Due to its low sample consumption, high sensitivity (LODs: 0.070-0.17 ng mL-1), and acceptable recoveries (90-105%), this AuNPs-ME/FASS-CE-C4D method provides a rapid, economical and eco-friendly approach for direct determination of polyamines in human exhaled breath condensate, and has potential application prospects in preliminary noninvasive diagnosis of oral and respiratory inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mengnan Guo
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hui Chang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiannong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingcui Chu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Dongping Huang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai 200060, China.
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Zare F, Jannesar R, Purkait MK, Ghaedi M. Ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction using hydrophobic thiolated ionic liquids immobilized on gold nanoparticles for the preconcentration and determination of amino acids in human plasma samples. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201800029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zare
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Yasouj University; Yasouj Iran
| | | | - M. K. Purkait
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati; Guwahati Assam India
| | - Mehrorang Ghaedi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Yasouj University; Yasouj Iran
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10
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Fico D, Pennetta A, De Benedetto GE. Bioanalytical Application of Amino Acid Detection by Capillary Electrophoresis. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1483:249-276. [PMID: 27645741 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6403-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This chapter illustrates the usefulness of capillary electrophoresis (CE) for the analysis of amino acids, and both normal and chiral separations are covered. In order to provide a general description of the main results and challenges in the biomedical field, some relevant applications and reviews on CE of amino acids are tabulated. Furthermore, some detailed experimental procedures are shown, regarding the CE analysis of amino acids in body fluids, in microdialysate, and released upon hydrolysis of proteins. In particular, the protocols will deal with the following compounds: (1) underivatized aminoacids in blood; (2) γ-Aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and L-Aspartate derivatized with Naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde; (3) hydrolysate from bovine serum albumine derivatized with phenylisothiocyanate. By examining these applications on real matrices, the capillary electrophoresis efficiency as tool for Amino Acid analysis can be ascertained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fico
- Laboratorio di Spettrometria di Massa Analitica ed Isotopica, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Università degli Studi del Salento, Edificio M, Campus Ecotekne, S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Antonio Pennetta
- Laboratorio di Spettrometria di Massa Analitica ed Isotopica, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Università degli Studi del Salento, Edificio M, Campus Ecotekne, S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe E De Benedetto
- Laboratorio di Spettrometria di Massa Analitica ed Isotopica, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Università degli Studi del Salento, Edificio M, Campus Ecotekne, S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
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