4-(Succinimido)-1-butane sulfonic acid as a Brönsted acid catalyst for synthesis of pyrano[4,3-b]pyran derivatives under solvent-free conditions

Chitosan-sulfonic acid-catalyzed green synthesis of naphthalene-based azines as potential anticancer agents

Aim: This study focuses on advancing green chemistry in anticancer drug discovery, particularly through the synthesis of azine derivatives with a naphthalene core using CS-SO3H as a catalyst. Methods: Novel benzaldazine and ketazine derivatives were synthesized using (E)-(naphthalen-1-ylmethylene)hydrazine and various carbonyl compounds. The methods employed included thermal and grinding techniques, utilizing CS-SO3H as an eco-friendly and cost-effective catalyst. Results: The approach resulted in high yields, short reaction times and demonstrated catalyst reusability. Cytotoxicity tests highlighted compounds 3b, 11 and 13 as potent against the HEPG2-1. Conclusion: This study successfully aligns with the objectives of eco-conscious drug development in organic chemistry. Molecular docking and in silico studies further indicate the potential of these ligands as antitumor medicines, with favorable oral bioavailability properties.

An Efficient Synthesis of Pyrrolidinone Derivatives in the Presence of 1,1′-Butylenebis(3-sulfo-3H-imidazol-1-ium) Chloride

The catalytic efficiency of 1,1′-butylenebis(3-sulfo-3H-imidazol-1-ium) chloride as a sulfonic acid-functionalized ionic liquid was demonstrated for the synthesis of pyrrolidinone derivatives under mild conditions. The electronic effect of substituents on aniline derivatives was investigated. Further, a study on the structure–activity relationship of ionic liquids containing sulfonic groups for the synthesis of ethyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-1-(p-tolyl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate was performed under optimal conditions. The results showed that the catalytic properties of ionic liquids containing two sulfonic or imidazole moieties with carbon spacers was superior to ionic liquids having one sulfonic or imidazole moiety with no carbon spacer.