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Lazebnik T, Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky S. Predicting lung cancer's metastats' locations using bioclinical model. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1388702. [PMID: 38846148 PMCID: PMC11153684 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1388702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a global leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and metastasis profoundly influences treatment outcomes. The limitations of conventional imaging in detecting small metastases highlight the crucial need for advanced diagnostic approaches. Methods This study developed a bioclinical model using three-dimensional CT scans to predict the spatial spread of lung cancer metastasis. Utilizing a three-layer biological model, we identified regions with a high probability of metastasis colonization and validated the model on real-world data from 10 patients. Findings The validated bioclinical model demonstrated a promising 74% accuracy in predicting metastasis locations, showcasing the potential of integrating biophysical and machine learning models. These findings underscore the significance of a more comprehensive approach to lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. Interpretation This study's integration of biophysical and machine learning models contributes to advancing lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, providing nuanced insights for informed decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teddy Lazebnik
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Mathematics, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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2
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Feng B, Wang X, Qiu D, Sun H, Deng J, Tan Y, Ji K, Xu S, Zhang S, Tang C. DDX18 Facilitates the Tumorigenesis of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Promoting Cell Cycle Progression through the Upregulation of CDK4. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4953. [PMID: 38732173 PMCID: PMC11084921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent and aggressive subtype of lung cancer, exhibiting a dismal prognosis with a five-year survival rate below 5%. DEAD-box RNA helicase 18 (DDX18, gene symbol DDX18), a crucial regulator of RNA metabolism, has been implicated in various cellular processes, including cell cycle control and tumorigenesis. However, its role in LUAD pathogenesis remains elusive. This study demonstrates the significant upregulation of DDX18 in LUAD tissues and its association with poor patient survival (from public databases). Functional in vivo and in vitro assays revealed that DDX18 knockdown potently suppresses LUAD progression. RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments identified cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), a cell cycle regulator, as a direct transcriptional target of DDX18. Notably, DDX18 depletion induced G1 cell cycle arrest, while its overexpression promoted cell cycle progression even in normal lung cells. Interestingly, while the oncogenic protein c-Myc bound to the DDX18 promoter, it did not influence its expression. Collectively, these findings establish DDX18 as a potential oncogene in LUAD, functioning through the CDK4-mediated cell cycle pathway. DDX18 may represent a promising therapeutic target for LUAD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinying Wang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ding Qiu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haiyang Sun
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kaile Ji
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaoting Xu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuishen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ce Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58, Zhong Shan Er Lu, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Pal S, Kabeer SW, Tikoo K. L-Methionine accentuates anti-tumor action of Gefitinib in Gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma: Role of EGFR/ERK/AKT signaling and histone H3K36me2 alteration. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 485:116907. [PMID: 38521369 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma, the predominant subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), poses a significant clinical challenge due to its prevalence and aggressive nature. Gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor is often susceptible to development of resistance despite being the preferred treatment option for NSCLC. In this study, we investigated the potential of L-Methionine in enhancing the cytotoxicity of Gefitinib and preventing resistance development. In vitro experiment employing the H1975 cell line demonstrated a notable enhancement in cytotoxic efficacy when L-Methionine (10 mM) was combined with Gefitinib, as indicated by a substantial reduction in IC50 values (155.854 ± 1.87 μM vs 45.83 ± 4.83 μM). Complementary in vivo investigations in a lung cancer model corroborated these findings. Co-administration of L-Methionine (100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) with Gefitinib (15 mg/kg) for 21 days exhibited marked improvements in therapeutic efficacy, which was observed by macroscopic and histopathological assessments. Mechanistic insights revealed that the enhanced cytotoxicity of the combination stemmed from the inhibition of the EGFR, modulating the downstream cascade of ERK/AKT and AMPK pathways. Concurrently inhibition of p-AMPK-α by the combination also disrupted metabolic homeostasis, leading to the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Notably, L-Methionine, functioning as a methyl group donor, elevated the expression of H3K36me2 (an activation mark), while reducing the p-ERK activity. Our study provides the first evidence supporting L-Methionine supplementation as a novel strategy to enhance Gefitinib chemosensitivity against pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Pal
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Shaheen Wasil Kabeer
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Kulbhushan Tikoo
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 160 062, Punjab, India.
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4
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Luu JK, Johnson FD, Jajarmi J, Sihota T, Shi R, Lu D, Farnsworth D, Spencer SE, Negri GL, Morin GB, Lockwood WW. Characterizing the secretome of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1286821. [PMID: 38260835 PMCID: PMC10801028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1286821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide, mainly due to the late stage of disease at the time of diagnosis. Non-invasive biomarkers are needed to supplement existing screening methods to enable earlier detection and increased patient survival. This is critical to EGFR-driven lung adenocarcinoma as it commonly occurs in individuals who have never smoked and do not qualify for current screening protocols. Methods In this study, we performed mass spectrometry analysis of the secretome of cultured lung cells representing different stages of mutant EGFR driven transformation, from normal to fully malignant. Identified secreted proteins specific to the malignant state were validated using orthogonal methods and their clinical activity assessed in lung adenocarcinoma patient cohorts. Results We quantified 1020 secreted proteins, which were compared for differential expression between stages of transformation. We validated differentially expressed proteins at the transcriptional level in clinical tumor specimens, association with patient survival, and absolute concentration to yield three biomarker candidates: MDK, GDF15, and SPINT2. These candidates were validated using ELISA and increased levels were associated with poor patient survival specifically in EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. Conclusions Our study provides insight into changes in secreted proteins during EGFR driven lung adenocarcinoma transformation that may play a role in the processes that promote tumor progression. The specific candidates identified can harnessed for biomarker use to identify high risk individuals for early detection screening programs and disease management for this molecular subgroup of lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Luu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fraser D. Johnson
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jana Jajarmi
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tianna Sihota
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rocky Shi
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel Lu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dylan Farnsworth
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sandra E. Spencer
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gian Luca Negri
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregg B. Morin
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William W. Lockwood
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia (BC), Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Moreira RS, da Silva MM, de Melo Vasconcelos CF, da Silva TD, Cordeiro GG, Mattos-Jr LAR, da Rocha Pitta MG, de Melo Rêgo MJB, Pereira MC. Siglec 15 as a biomarker or a druggable molecule for non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:17651-17661. [PMID: 37843557 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has been the main cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Furthermore, lung cancer rates of new cases per year evidenced a large incidence of this neoplasm in both men and women. Because there is no biomarker for early detection, it is frequently detected late, at an advanced state. The introduction of multiple lines of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and NTRK mutations has modified the therapy of lung cancer. Immunotherapy advances have resulted in substantial improvements in overall survival and disease-free survival, making immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) a potential option for lung cancer treatment. Current PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 immunotherapies have resulted in important response and survival rates. However, existing medicines only function in around 20% of unselected, advanced NSCLC patients, and primary and acquired resistance remain unsolved obstacles. Therefore, precise predictive indicators must be identified to choose the best patients for ICI treatment. Thus, Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15) stands out as a potential tumor biomarker, with distinctive expression in normal tissues, in tumor immune involvement, and a high structural similarity to PD-L1. Understanding the tumor immune response and the search for new therapeutic targets leads to the improvement of therapeutic pathways directed at the tumor microenvironment. The present review aims to analyze Siglec-15 potential as a diagnostic, prognostic, and response biomarker in lung cancer, considering its results evidenced in the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Santiago Moreira
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marillya Morais da Silva
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Douberin da Silva
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Alberto Reis Mattos-Jr
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Michelly Cristiny Pereira
- Suely-Galdino Therapeutic Innovation Research Center (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Essogmo FE, Zhilenkova AV, Tchawe YSN, Owoicho AM, Rusanov AS, Boroda A, Pirogova YN, Sangadzhieva ZD, Sanikovich VD, Bagmet NN, Sekacheva MI. Cytokine Profile in Lung Cancer Patients: Anti-Tumor and Oncogenic Cytokines. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5383. [PMID: 38001643 PMCID: PMC10670546 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In recent years, checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (ICI) has emerged as a new treatment. A better understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TMJ) or the immune system surrounding the tumor is needed. Cytokines are small proteins that carry messages between cells and are known to play an important role in the body's response to inflammation and infection. Cytokines are important for immunity in lung cancer. They promote tumor growth (oncogenic cytokines) or inhibit tumor growth (anti-tumour cytokines) by controlling signaling pathways for growth, proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. The immune system relies heavily on cytokines. They can also be produced in the laboratory for therapeutic use. Cytokine therapy helps the immune system to stop the growth or kill cancer cells. Interleukins and interferons are the two types of cytokines used to treat cancer. This article begins by addressing the role of the TMJ and its components in lung cancer. This review also highlights the functions of various cytokines such as interleukins (IL), transforming growth factor (TGF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Elad Essogmo
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
- Cameroon Oncology Center (COC), Douala P.O. Box 1864, Cameroon
| | - Angelina V. Zhilenkova
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Yvan Sinclair Ngaha Tchawe
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Abah Moses Owoicho
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Alexander S. Rusanov
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Alexander Boroda
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Yuliya N. Pirogova
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Zaiana D. Sangadzhieva
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Varvara D. Sanikovich
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Nikolay N. Bagmet
- Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow 117418, Russia;
| | - Marina I. Sekacheva
- Institute for Personalized Oncology, Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; (F.E.E.); (A.V.Z.); (Y.S.N.T.); (A.M.O.); (A.S.R.); (A.B.); (Y.N.P.); (Z.D.S.); (V.D.S.)
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Zhang Q, Tao X, Yuan P, Zhang Z, Ying J, Guo L, Li N, Wang S, Li J, Liu Y, Guo W, Zhao S, Wu N. Predictive value of 18 F-FDG PET/CT and serum tumor markers for tumor mutational burden in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20864-20877. [PMID: 37965789 PMCID: PMC10709729 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the correlations between metabolic parameters (MPs) of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), serum tumor markers (STMs), and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, we enrolled 129 patients with NSCLC (males, 78; females, 51) who underwent baseline TMB and STM tests and 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans before treatment between March 2018 and September 2022. Patients were categorized into TMB-high (TMB ≥10 mutations/Mb; n = 27 [20.9%]) and non-TMB-high (TMB <10 mutations/Mb; n = 102 [79.1%]) groups. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors of TMB-high. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine independent predictors of TMB level on a log scale. Subgroup analyses for adenocarcinoma (ADC), ADC with EGFR+, ADC with EGFR-, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were performed. RESULTS For ADC, all MPs (SULpeak , SULmax , SULmean , MTV, and TLG) were significantly higher in the TMB-high group than the non-TMB-high group; smoker (odds ratio [OR] = 27.08, p = 0.018), EGFR+ (OR = 0.03, p = 0.033), KRAS+ (OR = 7.98, p = 0.083), high CEA (OR = 33.56, p = 0.029), and high CA125 (OR = 13.68, p = 0.030) were independent predictors of TMB-high; and all MPs showed significant positive linear correlations with TMB on a log scale, with SULpeak as an independent predictor. However, no significant correlation was observed for SCC. CONCLUSION MPs and STMs can predict the TMB level for patients with ADC, and may serve as potential substitutes for TMB with increased value and easy implementation in guiding immunotherapy through noninvasive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiuli Tao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET‐CT Center)National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Pei Yuan
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zewei Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET‐CT Center)National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shuhang Wang
- Department of Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET‐CT Center)National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET‐CT Center)National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shijun Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (PET‐CT Center)National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Dang S, Shivdasani D, Pereira M, Singh N, Rungta R, Roy D, Kesariya J. Evaluation of treatment response by Hopkins criteria on 18 F FDG PET-CT in patients of non-small cell lung cancer and its comparison with PERCIST response criteria. Nucl Med Commun 2023; 44:1038-1045. [PMID: 37661788 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess treatment response on FDG PET-CT in NSCLC patients by visual Hopkins score compared to PERCIST criteria and its potential for prognostication (or its correlation with survival). METHODS Forty-four NSCLC patients with baseline and post-treatment FDG PET-CT scans were included, and interpreted using Hopkins and PERCIST criteria classifying patients into responders and non-responders. PERCIST-based CMR and PMR, and Hopkins Scores 1,2,3 were classified responders. PERCIST-based SD and PD and Hopkins scores 4,5 were classified as non-responders. Patients were followed upto 24 months after treatment completion. Cohen kappa for inter-criteria agreement and Kaplan Meir curve for overall survival (OS) analysis done. RESULTS Out of 44 patients, PERCIST classified 27 (61.3%) as responders and 17 (38.6%) as non-responders, whereas Hopkins classified 12 patients (27.3%) as responders and 32 (72.7%) as non-responders. Inter-criteria agreement was low (kappa=0.19) with discordance in 45.5% of patients. Eighteen of 20 discordant cases were non-responders on Hopkins and responders on PERCIST, of which 88.8% were non-responders on follow-up as predicted by Hopkins. PERCIST responders had OS of 96.4% and 64.3% at 9 and 24 months, respectively, while non-responders OS was 93.5% and 40.2% at 9 and 24 months, respectively ( P -value = 0.049). However, responders on Hopkins had OS of 100% at 24 months, whereas non-responders had OS of 93.5% and 51.5% at 9 and 24 months, respectively ( P -value = 0.232). CONCLUSION Semi-quantitative PERCIST and visual Hopkins criteria show low inter-criteria agreement, with visual criteria better-predicting survival in patients of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Dang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT, PD Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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9
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Holme JA, Vondráček J, Machala M, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Vogel CFA, Le Ferrec E, Sparfel L, Øvrevik J. Lung cancer associated with combustion particles and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) - The roles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115801. [PMID: 37696458 PMCID: PMC10543654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the leading cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoking, contributing to 20% of all lung cancer deaths. Increased risk associated with living near trafficked roads, occupational exposure to diesel exhaust, indoor coal combustion and cigarette smoking, suggest that combustion components in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), may be central drivers of lung cancer. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) induces expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) and increase PAH metabolism, formation of reactive metabolites, oxidative stress, DNA damage and mutagenesis. Lung cancer tissues from smokers and workers exposed to high combustion PM levels contain mutagenic signatures derived from PAHs. However, recent findings suggest that ambient air PM2.5 exposure primarily induces lung cancer development through tumor promotion of cells harboring naturally acquired oncogenic mutations, thus lacking typical PAH-induced mutations. On this background, we discuss the role of AhR and PAHs in lung cancer development caused by air pollution focusing on the tumor promoting properties including metabolism, immune system, cell proliferation and survival, tumor microenvironment, cell-to-cell communication, tumor growth and metastasis. We suggest that the dichotomy in lung cancer patterns observed between smoking and outdoor air PM2.5 represent the two ends of a dose-response continuum of combustion PM exposure, where tumor promotion in the peripheral lung appears to be the driving factor at the relatively low-dose exposures from ambient air PM2.5, whereas genotoxicity in the central airways becomes increasingly more important at the higher combustion PM levels encountered through smoking and occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air Quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology and Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Eric Le Ferrec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Lydie Sparfel
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway.
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10
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Crintea A, Constantin AM, Motofelea AC, Crivii CB, Velescu MA, Coșeriu RL, Ilyés T, Crăciun AM, Silaghi CN. Targeted EGFR Nanotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:466. [PMID: 37754880 PMCID: PMC10532491 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis remains poor, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. The present review explores the potential of targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) nanotherapy as an alternative treatment for NSCLC, showing that EGFR-targeted nanoparticles are efficiently taken up by NSCLC cells, leading to a significant reduction in tumor growth in mouse models. Consequently, we suggest that targeted EGFR nanotherapy could be an innovative treatment strategy for NSCLC; however, further studies are needed to optimize the nanoparticles and evaluate their safety and efficacy in clinical settings and human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Crintea
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Anne-Marie Constantin
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (C.-B.C.)
| | - Alexandru C. Motofelea
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeș”, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Carmen-Bianca Crivii
- Department of Morphological Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-M.C.); (C.-B.C.)
| | - Maria A. Velescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Răzvan L. Coșeriu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology “George Emil Palade”, 540142 Târgu-Mureș, Romania;
| | - Tamás Ilyés
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Alexandra M. Crăciun
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Ciprian N. Silaghi
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.C.); (T.I.); (C.N.S.)
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11
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Manolakos P, Ward LD. A Critical Review of the Prognostic and Predictive Implications of KRAS and STK11 Mutations and Co-Mutations in Metastatic Non-Small Lung Cancer. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1010. [PMID: 37373999 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13061010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) co-mutations are associated with the diverse phenotypic and heterogeneous oncogenic subtypes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to extensive mixed evidence, there needs to be a review of the recent KRAS and STK11 mutation literature to better understand the potential clinical applications of these genomic biomarkers in the current treatment landscape. This critical review highlights the clinical studies that have elucidated the potential prognostic and predictive implications of KRAS mutations, STK11 mutations, or KRAS/STK11 co-mutations when treating metastatic NSCLC across various types of treatments (e.g., immune checkpoint inhibitors [ICIs]). Overall, KRAS mutations are associated with poor prognoses and have been determined to be a valid but weak prognostic biomarker among patients diagnosed with NSCLC. KRAS mutations in NSCLC have shown mixed results as a predictive clinical biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. Overall, the studies in this review demonstrate that STK11 mutations are prognostic and show mixed results as predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy. However, KRAS/STK11 co-mutations may predict primary resistance to ICI. Prospective KRAS/STK11-biomarker-driven randomized trials are needed to assess the predictive effect of various treatments on the outcomes for patients with metastatic NSCLC, as the majority of the published KRAS analyses are retrospective and hypothesis-generating in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Manolakos
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics PhD Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Linda D Ward
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics PhD Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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12
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Dhuri A, Sriram A, Aalhate M, Mahajan S, Parida KK, Singh H, Gupta U, Maji I, Guru SK, Singh PK. Chitosan functionalized PCL Nanoparticles Bearing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Osimertinib Mesylate for Effective Lung Cancer Therapy. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:460-478. [PMID: 37092801 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2206668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer ranks second position among the cancer-related deaths. Osimertinib mesylate (OSM) is a tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor which can effectively treat NSCLC, but still there are certain limitations and side effects which could be circumvented by polymeric nanoparticles approach. Hence, this research was aimed to develop drug-loaded biodegradable poly caprolactone nanoparticles (PCL-NPs) such as OSM-loaded PCL-NPs (PCL-OSM-NPs) and chitosan fabricated OSM-loaded PCL-NPs (CS-PCL-OSM-NPs) to achieve active-targeting of OSM in the cancerous lung tissue. Thus CS-PCL-OSM-NPs enhances the anticancer efficacy due to active targeting nature and thereby reduces off-target side effects of OSM in the NSCLC treatment.Blank PCL-NPs, PCL-OSM-NPs, and CS-PCL-OSM-NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method. Optimized blank PCL-NPs, PCL-OSM-NPs, and CS-PCL-OSM-NPs exhibited the mean particle size of 90.2 ± 4.7nm, 167.7 ± 2.9nm, and 233.7 ± 4.8nm respectively. The %EE of PCL-OSM-NPs was found to be 68.4 ± 3.2%. In-vitro drug release study demonstrated sustained release profile of 69.5 ± 5% and 65.7 ± 1.5% for OSM from both the PCL-OSM-NPs and CS-PCL-OSM-NPs respectively. The PCL-OSM-NPs and CS-PCL-OSM-NPs demonstrated the inhibition of 82.2 ± 0.5% and 81.9 ± 0.2% in A549 cancer cells respectively which clearly signified the improved efficacy. Moreover, the PCL-OSM-NPs and CS-PCL-OSM-NPs exhibited significantly less haemolysis than OSM indicating safety of the formulation.These findings indicate that biohaemocompatibe CS-PCL-OSM-NPs is an attractive option to treat NSCLC with enhanced anticancer activity and reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Dhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Anitha Sriram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Kishan Kumar Parida
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Hoshiyar Singh
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India
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13
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Reddy KD, Oliver BGG. Sexual dimorphism in chronic respiratory diseases. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:47. [PMID: 36882807 PMCID: PMC9993607 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-00998-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in susceptibility, severity, and progression are prevalent for various diseases in multiple organ systems. This phenomenon is particularly apparent in respiratory diseases. Asthma demonstrates an age-dependent pattern of sexual dimorphism. However, marked differences between males and females exist in other pervasive conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. The sex hormones estrogen and testosterone are commonly considered the primary factors causing sexual dimorphism in disease. However, how they contribute to differences in disease onset between males and females remains undefined. The sex chromosomes are an under-investigated fundamental form of sexual dimorphism. Recent studies highlight key X and Y-chromosome-linked genes that regulate vital cell processes and can contribute to disease-relevant mechanisms. This review summarises patterns of sex differences in asthma, COPD and lung cancer, highlighting physiological mechanisms causing the observed dimorphism. We also describe the role of the sex hormones and present candidate genes on the sex chromosomes as potential factors contributing to sexual dimorphism in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karosham Diren Reddy
- Respiratory and Cellular Molecular Biology Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.
- School of Life Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- Respiratory and Cellular Molecular Biology Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia
- School of Life Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
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14
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Kumari A, Garima, Bharadvaja N. A comprehensive review on algal nutraceuticals as prospective therapeutic agent for different diseases. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:44. [PMID: 36643398 PMCID: PMC9834485 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ongoing research in the food supplement sector provides insightful information regarding algae as a new-generation nutritional supplement and is also referred to as a superfood. Due to the diverse nutritional components, algae have documented numerous health benefits like fighting microbial diseases, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Therefore, algae-derived nutraceuticals account for a rapidly expanding market in the food supplements sector. The concept of algal prebiotics and their role in modulating gut microbiota have also been a chief contributor to this. This review evaluates the use of possible algal species and their specific bioactive compounds for the management of several chronic diseases. Proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, phenolics, and vitamins give an insight into the significance of algae in boosting the immune system and improving the body's nutritional makeup. In addition, phyco-compounds such as polysaccharides and polyphenols are also receiving a lot more interest in cosmeceutical applications for protecting skin from photodamage. The incorporation of algae in the diet for the management and prevention of chronic diseases like cancer, lung, and heart disease has been discussed in this review along with their action mechanism. This review provides a brief overview of several bioactive compounds present in micro and macroalgae and their therapeutic effect on lifestyle diseases, gastrointestinal diseases as well as neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Kumari
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042 India
| | - Garima
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042 India
| | - Navneeta Bharadvaja
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042 India
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15
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Li Z, Zeng T, Zhou C, Chen Y, Yin W. A prognostic signature model for unveiling tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1019442. [PMID: 36387251 PMCID: PMC9663930 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1019442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A more accurate prognosis is important for clinical treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. However, due to the limitation of sample and technical bias, most prognostic signatures lacked reproducibility, and few were applied to clinical practice. In addition, understanding the molecular driving mechanism is indispensable for developing more promising therapies for lung adenocarcinoma. Here, we built an unbiased prognostic significance model to perform an integrative analysis, including differentially expressed genes and clinical data with lung adenocarcinoma patients from TCGA. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model with the Lasso penalty and 10-fold cross-validate were used to identify the best gene signature. We generated a 17-gene signature for prognostic risk prediction based on the overall survival time of lung adenocarcinoma patients. To further test the model's predictive ability, we have applied an independent GEO database to verify the predictive ability of prognostic signature. The model can more objectively describe several biological processes related to tumors and reveal important molecular mechanisms in tumor development by GO and KEGG analysis. Furthermore, differential expression analysis by GSEA revealed that tumor microenvironments such as ER stress, exosome, and immune microenvironment were enriched. Using single-cell RNA sequence technology, we found that risk score was positively correlated with lung adenocarcinoma marker genes and copy number variation but negatively correlated with lung epithelial marker genes. High-risk cell populations with the model had stronger cancer stemness and tumor-related pathway activation. As we expected, the risk score was in accordance with the malignancy of each cluster from tumor progression. In conclusion, the risking model established in this study is more reliable than others in evaluating the prognosis of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Li
- State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong Zhou
- State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Wu Yin, ; Yan Chen,
| | - Wu Yin
- State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Wu Yin, ; Yan Chen,
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16
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Chitosan-alginate nanoparticles of cabazitaxel: Design, dual-receptor targeting and efficacy in lung cancer model. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:874-890. [PMID: 36089091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cabazitaxel (CZT) loaded chitosan-alginate based (CSA) nanoparticles were developed with dual targeting functions of both folate receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) using ionic gelation technique. The chitosan-folate conjugate was synthesized, and characterized by using FTIR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The physicochemical parameters and morphology of all CSA nanoparticles were examined. The degree of conjugation of folic acid and cetuximab (CTXmab) was determined by UV-Visible spectroscopy and Bradford assay, respectively. Moreover, XPS analysis also supported the presence of the ligands on nanoparticles. The cellular-uptake study performed on A-549 cells demonstrated a significant enhancement in the uptake of dual-receptor targeted CSA nanoparticles than non-targeted and single-receptor targeted CSA nanoparticles. Further, CZT-loaded dual receptors targeted CSA nanoparticles also showed significantly lower IC50 values (~38 folds) than the CZT control against A-549 cells. Further, in-vivo histopathological evaluations of dual receptor-targeted CSA nanoparticles have demonstrated better safety in Wistar rats. Moreover, its treatment on the Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) induced lung cancer mice model has showed the enhanced anticancer efficacy of CZT with a prolonged survival rate.
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17
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Yip HF, Chowdhury D, Wang K, Liu Y, Gao Y, Lan L, Zheng C, Guan D, Lam KF, Zhu H, Tai X, Lu A. ReDisX, a machine learning approach, rationalizes rheumatoid arthritis and coronary artery disease patients uniquely upon identifying subpopulation differentiation markers from their genomic data. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:931860. [PMID: 36072953 PMCID: PMC9441882 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.931860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases originate at the molecular-genetic layer, manifest through altered biochemical homeostasis, and develop symptoms later. Hence, symptomatic diagnosis is inadequate to explain the underlying molecular-genetic abnormality and individual genomic disparities. The current trends include molecular-genetic information relying on algorithms to recognize the disease subtypes through gene expressions. Despite their disposition toward disease-specific heterogeneity and cross-disease homogeneity, a gap still exists in describing the extent of homogeneity within the heterogeneous subpopulation of different diseases. They are limited to obtaining the holistic sense of the whole genome-based diagnosis resulting in inaccurate diagnosis and subsequent management. Addressing those ambiguities, our proposed framework, ReDisX, introduces a unique classification system for the patients based on their genomic signatures. In this study, it is a scalable machine learning algorithm deployed to re-categorize the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and coronary artery disease. It reveals heterogeneous subpopulations within a disease and homogenous subpopulations across different diseases. Besides, it identifies granzyme B (GZMB) as a subpopulation-differentiation marker that plausibly serves as a prominent indicator for GZMB-targeted drug repurposing. The ReDisX framework offers a novel strategy to redefine disease diagnosis through characterizing personalized genomic signatures. It may rejuvenate the landscape of precision and personalized diagnosis and a clue to drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu F. Yip
- Computational Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Debajyoti Chowdhury
- Computational Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- National Key Clinical Specialty, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Neurosurgery Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital, First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liang Lan
- Department of Communication Studies, School of Communication, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chaochao Zheng
- Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daogang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Daogang Guan,
| | - Kei F. Lam
- Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hailong Zhu
- Computational Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hailong Zhu,
| | - Xuecheng Tai
- Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Xuecheng Tai,
| | - Aiping Lu
- Computational Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Aiping Lu,
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18
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Identification of Transferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1) Overexpressed in Lung Cancer Cells, and Internalization of Magnetic Au-CoFe2O4 Core-Shell Nanoparticles Functionalized with Its Ligand in a Cellular Model of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC). Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081715. [PMID: 36015341 PMCID: PMC9413248 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is, currently, one of the main malignancies causing deaths worldwide. To date, early prognostic and diagnostic markers for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) have not been systematically and clearly identified, so most patients receive standard treatment. In the present study, we combine quantitative proteomics studies and the use of magnetic core-shell nanoparticles (mCSNP’s), first to identify a marker for lung cancer, and second to functionalize the nanoparticles and their possible application for early and timely diagnosis of this and other types of cancer. In the present study, we used label-free mass spectrometry in combination with an ion-mobility approach to identify 220 proteins with increased abundance in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines. Our attention was focused on cell receptors for their potential application as mCSNP’s targets; in this work, we report the overexpression of Transferrin Receptor (TfR1) protein, also known as Cluster of Differentiation 71 (CD71) up to a 30-fold increase with respect to the control cell. The kinetics of endocytosis, evaluated by a flow cytometry methodology based on fluorescence quantification, demonstrated that receptors were properly activated with the transferrin supported on the magnetic core-shell nanoparticles. Our results are important in obtaining essential information for monitoring the disease and/or choosing better treatments, and this finding will pave the way for future synthesis of nanoparticles including chemotherapeutic drugs for lung cancer treatments.
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19
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Ren J, Zhu S, Zhang G, Tan X, Qiu L, Lin J, Jiang L. 68Ga-Labeled Cystine Knot Peptide Targeting Integrin α vβ 6 for Lung Cancer PET Imaging. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2620-2628. [PMID: 35674464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Integrin αvβ6 has been considered as a promising biomarker for lung cancer, and its expression is often related to poor prognosis. An αvβ6-binding cystine knot peptide R01-MG was previously engineered and validated. Here, we developed a positron emission tomography (PET) probe of R01-MG for imaging αvβ6-positive lung cancer. Cystine knot peptide R01-MG was synthesized through solid-phase peptide synthesis chemistry and radiolabeled with 68Ga after being conjugated with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid (DOTA). The stability of 68Ga-DOTA-R01-MG was analyzed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.4) and fetal bovine serum (FBS). The cell uptake assay of the probe was evaluated using αvβ6-positive (A549 and H1975) and αvβ6-negative (H1299) lung cancer cell lines. In addition, small animal PET imaging and biodistribution studies of 68Ga-DOTA-R01-MG were performed in αvβ6-positive and αvβ6-negative lung cancer models. Our study showed that 68Ga-DOTA-R01-MG exhibited excellent stability in PBS and FBS. Small animal PET imaging and biodistribution data revealed that 68Ga-DOTA-R01-MG displayed rapid and good tumor uptake in animal models with αvβ6-positive lung cancer, and the probe was rapidly cleared from the normal tissues, resulting in good tumor-to-normal tissue contrasts. Meanwhile, no obvious tumor uptake of 68Ga-DOTA-R01-MG was observed in animal models with αvβ6-negative lung cancer, demonstrating specific binding of the probe to integrin αvβ6. In conclusion, 68Ga-DOTA-R01-MG has great potential to be a promising PET tracer for imaging αvβ6-positive lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Ren
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shiyu Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.,Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Guojin Zhang
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tan
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.,Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.,Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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20
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Liang X, Lin A, Wang Q, Zhang J, Luo P. Cell plasticity in patients with NSCLC: The controversial origins of transformed SCLC. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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21
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Shukla SP, Zhang H, Fang B, Minna JD, Gomika Udugamasooriya D. Unbiased peptoid cell screen identifies a peptoid targeting newly appeared cell surface vimentin on tumor transformed early lung cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 58:116673. [PMID: 35189561 PMCID: PMC9040685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To identify potential new reagents and biomarkers for early lung cancer detection we combined the use of a novel preclinical isogenic model of human lung epithelial cells comparing non-malignant cells with those transformed to full malignancy using defined oncogenic changes and our on-bead two color (red and green stained cells) (OBTC) peptoid combinatorial screening methodology. The preclinical model used normal parent lung epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT, labeled with green dye) and isogenic fully malignant transformed derivatives (labeled with a red dye) via the sequential introduction of key genetic alterations of p53 knockdown, oncogenic KRAS and overexpression of cMYC (HBEC3p53, KRAS, cMYC). Using the unbiased OBTC screening approach, we tested 100,000 different peptoids and identified only one (named JM3A) that bound to the surface of the HBEC3p53, KRAS, cMYC cells (red cells) but not HBEC3-KT cells (green cells). Using the JM3A peptoid and proteomics, we identified the protein bound as vimentin using multiple validation approaches. These all confirmed the cell surface expression of vimentin (CSV) on transformed (HBEC3p53, KRAS, cMYC) but not on untransformed (HBEC3-KT) cells. JM3A coupled with fluorophores was able to detect and stain cell surface vimentin on very early stage lung cancers but not normal lung epithelial cells in a fashion comparable to that using anti-vimentin antibodies. We conclude: using a combined isogenic preclinical model of lung cancer and two color screening of a large peptoid library, we have identified differential expression of cell surface vimentin (CSV) after malignant transformation of lung epithelial cells, and developed a new peptoid reagent (JM3A) for detection of CSV which works well in staining of early stage NSCLCs. This new, highly specific, easy to prepare, CSV detecting JM3A peptoid provides an important new reagent for identifying cancer cells in early stage tumors as well as a resource for detection and isolating of CSV expressing circulating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Prakash Shukla
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Haowen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bingliang Fang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - Research, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - D Gomika Udugamasooriya
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX , USA.
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22
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Chen G, Wang K, Li G, Wang L, Xiao Y, Chen B. Long Noncoding RNA LAMTOR5-AS1 Interference Affects MicroRNA-506-3p/E2F6-Mediated Behavior of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2022; 28:945-959. [PMID: 34588094 PMCID: PMC8790135 DOI: 10.3727/096504021x16328213967104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA LAMTOR5 antisense RNA 1 (LAMTOR5-AS1) has been certified as a risk predictor and diagnostic biomarker of prostate cancer. However, the expression and exact roles of LAMTOR5-AS1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Thus, we measured LAMTOR5-AS1 expression in NSCLC and gauged its clinical value. The detailed roles and downstream working mechanism of LAMTOR5-AS1 in NSCLC were comprehensively unraveled. qRT-PCR was applied to measure gene expression. Functionally, utilizing small interfering RNA, LAMTOR5-AS1 was ablated, and the functional alterations were addressed by means of different experiments. The targeting activities between LAMTOR5-AS1 and microRNA-506-3p (miR-506-3p) and between miR-506-3p and E2F transcription factor 6 (E2F6) were confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. LAMTOR5-AS1 overexpression in NSCLC was verified in TCGA datasets and our own cohort and manifested an evident relationship with poor prognosis. Interference with LAMTOR5-AS1 led to repression of the proliferation, cloning, and metastasis abilities of NSCLC cells in vitro. We further confirmed an obvious increase in LAMTOR5-AS1-silenced NSCLC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the absence of LAMTOR5-AS1 restricted tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, LAMTOR5-AS1 sponged miR-506-3p in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, E2F6, a downstream target of miR-506-3p, was under the control of LAMTOR5-AS1, which was realized by decoying miR-506-3p. Rescue experiments showed that miR-506-3p suppression or E2F6 reintroduction was capable of remitting LAMTOR5-AS1 deficiency-triggered anticarcinogenic actions in NSCLC. Our study confirmed the exact roles of LAMTOR5-AS1 for the first time and revealed that LAMTOR5-AS1 knockdown disrupts the malignancy of NSCLC by targeting the miR-506-3p/E2F6 axis. Targeting the LAMTOR5-AS1/miR-506-3p/E2F6 pathway may be instrumental for managing patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojie Chen
- *Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- *Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Guoshu Li
- †Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Leidong Wang
- ‡Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Xiao
- §Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- ¶Department of Infectious Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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23
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Epstein–Barr Virus Infection in Lung Cancer: Insights and Perspectives. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020132. [PMID: 35215076 PMCID: PMC8878590 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Tobacco smoke is the most frequent risk factor etiologically associated with LC, although exposures to other environmental factors such as arsenic, radon or asbestos are also involved. Additionally, the involvement of some viral infections such as high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus (JSRV), John Cunningham Virus (JCV), and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) has been suggested in LC, though an etiological relationship has not yet been established. EBV is a ubiquitous gamma herpesvirus causing persistent infections and some lymphoid and epithelial tumors. Since EBV is heterogeneously detected in LCs from different parts of the world, in this review we address the epidemiological and experimental evidence of a potential role of EBV. Considering this evidence, we propose mechanisms potentially involved in EBV-associated lung carcinogenesis. Additional studies are warranted to dissect the role of EBV in this very frequent malignancy.
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24
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Bordoloi D, Harsha C, Padmavathi G, Banik K, Sailo BL, Roy NK, Girisa S, Thakur KK, Devi AK, Chinnathambi A, Alahmadi TA, Alharbi SA, Shakibaei M, Kunnumakkara AB. Loss of TIPE3 reduced the proliferation, survival and migration of lung cancer cells through inactivation of Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, STAT-3 signaling cascade. Life Sci 2022; 293:120332. [PMID: 35041835 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the foremost cause of cancer related mortality among men and one of the most fatal cancers among women. Notably, the 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is very less; 5% in developing countries. This low survival rate can be attributed to factors like late stage diagnosis, rapid postoperative recurrences in the patients undergoing treatment and development of chemoresistance against different agents used for treating lung cancer. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the potential of a recently identified protein namely TIPE3 which is known as a transfer protein of lipid second messengers as a lung cancer biomarker. TIPE3 was found to be significantly upregulated in lung cancer tissues indicating its role in the positive regulation of lung cancer. Supporting this finding, knockout of TIPE3 was also found to reduce the proliferation, survival and migration of lung cancer cells and arrested the G2 phase of cell cycle through inactivation of Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, STAT-3 signaling. It is well evinced that tobacco is the major risk factor of lung cancer which affects both males and females. Therefore, this study also evaluated the involvement of TIPE3 in tobacco mediated lung carcinogenesis. Notably, this study shows for the first time that TIPE3 positively regulates tobacco induced proliferation, survival and migration of lung cancer through modulation of Akt/mTOR signaling. Thus, TIPE3 plays critical role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and hence it can be specifically targeted to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ganesan Padmavathi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Bethsebie Lalduhsaki Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Nand Kishor Roy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Amrita Khwairakpam Devi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, [Medical City], King Khalid University Hospital, PO Box-2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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25
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Yi M, Liao Z, Deng L, Xu L, Tan Y, Liu K, Chen Z, Zhang Y. High diagnostic value of miRNAs for NSCLC: quantitative analysis for both single and combined miRNAs in lung cancer. Ann Med 2021; 53:2178-2193. [PMID: 34913774 PMCID: PMC8740622 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.2000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are good candidates as biomarkers for Lung cancer (LC). The aim of this article is to figure out the diagnostic value of both single and combined miRNAs in LC. METHODS Normative meta-analysis was conducted based on PRISMA. We assessed the diagnostic value by calculating the combined sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and the area under the curve (AUC) of single and combined miRNAs for LC and specific subgroups. RESULTS A total of 80 qualified studies with a total of 8971 patients and 10758 controls were included. In non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), we involved 20 single-miRNAs and found their Sen, Spe and AUC ranged from 0.52-0.81, 0.66-0.88, and 0.68-0.90, respectively, specially, miR-19 with the maximum Sen, miR-20 and miR-10 with the highest Spe as well as miR-17 with the maximum AUC. Additionally, we detected miR-21 with the maximum Sen of 0.74 [95%CI: 0.62-0.83], miR-146 with the maximum Spe and AUC of 0.93 [95%CI: 0.79-0.98] and 0.89 [95%CI: 0.86-0.92] for early-stage NSCLC. We also identified the diagnostic power of available panel (miR-210, miR-31 and miR-21) for NSCLC with satisfying Sen, Spe and AUC of 0.82 [95%CI: 0.78-0.84], 0.87 [95%CI: 0.84-0.89] and 0.91 [95%CI: 0.88-0.93], and furtherly constructed 2 models for better diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS We identified several single miRNAs and combined groups with high diagnostic power for NSCLC through pooled quantitative analysis, which shows that specific miRNAs are good biomarker candidates for NSCLC and further researches needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Yi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zexi Liao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Langmei Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziliang Chen
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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26
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Isolation and Purification of a New Bacillus Subtilis Strain from Deer Dung with Anti-microbial and Anti-cancer Activities. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:832-840. [PMID: 34403110 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bacillus strains are well known for their natural bioactive products that have antimicrobial and/or anti-cancer activities. Many of Bacillus' structurally unique metabolites can combat human diseases, including cancers. However, because Bacillus' metabolites are so abundant, few have been studied extensively enough to fully characterize their chemical constitutions and biological functions. METHODS In this study, we focused on the isolation and purification of a new Bacillus strain, and determined the effects of its metabolites on bacteria and cancer cells. Our study focused on a new strain of Bacillus isolated from deer dung. Based on BLAST results, this isolate belongs to Bacillus subtilis, and therefore we named the strain Bacillus subtilis NC16. Congo red assay was used to test the cellulase activity. The inhibition zone was measured to test the antimicrobial activity. CCK-8, wound healing and flow cytometry were used to test the anti-cancer activity. RESULTS Metabolites from Bacillus subtilis NC16 have both antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities. They can both suppress the growth of Trichoderma vride and Staphylococcus aureus, and inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Bacillus subtilis NC16 can not only degrade cellulose, but its metabolites may be sources of antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs.
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Haineala B, Zgura A, Badiu DC, Iliescu L, Anghel RM, Bacinschi XE. Lung Cancer, Covid-19 Infections and Chemotherapy. In Vivo 2021; 35:1877-1880. [PMID: 33910875 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The Covid-19 epidemic has severely strained health care systems across the globe. The impacts are multiple especially for patients cared for cancer. The Covid-19 epidemic has several impacts on the management of lung cancer patients. The aim of this work was to summarize the available epidemiological data on patients diagnosed with lung cancer infected with Covid-19 and describe the different strategies to improve the management of these patients by summarizing the recommendations in this area. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Teravolt cohort is an observational multicenter registry, including patients with non-small cell cancer, small cell cancer or mesothelioma but also epithelial tumors and a diagnosis of Covid-19. The Theravolt registry indicates an unexpectedly high mortality rate in patients with thoracic malignancies with COVID-19. RESULTS Between March 26 and April 12, 2020, 200 patients treated in 8 countries were included. They had a performance status (PS) of 0-1 in 72% of cases, were smokers or ex-smokers in 81% of cases, had non-small cell cancer (76% of cases), were under treatment in 74% of cases, and the majority were first-line cases (57%). The hospitalization rate was 76% and the mortality rate 33%; only 10% of patients with criteria for intensive care hospitalization were admitted to the intensive care. CONCLUSION Data presented in this registry suggest a high mortality in patients with thoracic cancer and Covid-19. Therofere, the importance to create a safe healthcare system during Covid-19 pandemic is underlined along with the need for essential effective clinical service delivery to patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Haineala
- Department of Urology, "Fundeni" Clinical Institute, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Zgura
- Department of Oncology-Radiotherapy, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu" Institute of Oncology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Cristinel Badiu
- General Surgery Department, "Prof. Dr. Bagdasar Arseni" Clinical Emergency Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Iliescu
- II Department of Internal Medicine, "Fundeni" Clinical Institute, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Maricela Anghel
- Department of Oncology-Radiotherapy, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu" Institute of Oncology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Xenia Elena Bacinschi
- Department of Oncology-Radiotherapy, "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu" Institute of Oncology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Novel role of CAP1 in regulation RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription elongation depends on its actin-depolymerization activity in nucleoplasm. Oncogene 2021; 40:3492-3509. [PMID: 33911205 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most intractable diseases with high incidence and mortality worldwide. Adenylate cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), a well-known actin depolymerization factor, is recently reported to be an oncogene accelerating cancer cell proliferation. However, the physiological significance of CAP1 in lung cancer is incompletely understood and the novel functions of CAP1 in transcriptional regulation remain unknown. Here we found that CAP1 was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cells, which was also negatively associated with prognosis in lung cancer patients. Moreover, CAP1 promoted A549 cells proliferation by promoting protein synthesis to accelerate cell cycle progression. Mechanistically, we revealed that CAP1 facilitated cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9)-mediated RNA polymerases (Pol) II-Ser2 phosphorylation and subsequent transcription elongation, and CAP1 performed its function in this progress depending on its actin-depolymerization activity in nucleoplasm. Furthermore, our in vivo findings confirmed that CAP1-promoted A549 xenograft tumor growth was associated with CDK9-mediated Pol II-Ser2 phosphorylation. Our study elucidates a novel role of CAP1 in modulating transcription by promoting polymerase II phosphorylation and suggests that CAP1 is a newly identified biomarker for lung cancer treatment and prognosis prediction.
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29
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Bai L, Zhang J, Gao D, Liu C, Li W, Li Q. Downregulation of high mobility group box 1 enhances the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer by acting as a crucial target of microRNA-107. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:679. [PMID: 33986844 PMCID: PMC8112155 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been reported to regulate the sensitivity of several types of cancer cell to chemoradiotherapy. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in HMGB1 expression after radiotherapy, as well as its regulatory role in the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. The expression levels of HMGB1 in the serum of 73 patients with NSCLC were analyzed by ELISA. HMGB1 mRNA and microRNA (miR)-107 expression in NSCLC cells were assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of HMGB1. Cell counting kit-8, Transwell invasion and clonogenic assays were used to determine cellular viability, invasiveness and colony formation ability, respectively. Following radiotherapy, the levels of HMGB1 were significantly decreased in the serum of patients with NSCLC, and lower serum levels had relatively high diagnostic accuracy in radiosensitive patients. Furthermore, HMGB1-knockdown retarded cellular proliferation and invasion with or without irradiation, and enhanced NSCLC cell radiosensitivity. Furthermore, knocking down miR-107 reversed the decreases in cellular proliferation and invasiveness both with and without irradiation, and reduced the survival fractions induced by sh-HMGB1. HMGB1-knockdown leads to radiosensitivity that may result from suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, decreased expression of HMGB1 was found to be a putative diagnostic predictor of radiosensitivity in patients with NSCLC. HMGB1-knockdown inhibited the proliferation and enhanced the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells, which may be regulated via miR-107 by mediating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, HMGB1 may be a potential regulator of radioresistance in NSCLC, and the HMGB1/miR-107 axis may represent a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Dongqi Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Qingshan Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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30
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Human tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein eight-like 1 exhibited potent anti-tumor effect through modulation of proliferation, survival, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3303-3318. [PMID: 33895911 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer represents one of the most prevalent neoplasms across the globe. Tobacco smoking, exposure to different occupational and environmental carcinogens, and various dietary factors are strongly implicated in the development of lung cancer. The 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is extremely poor which can be attributed to its propensity for early spread, lack of appropriate biomarkers and proper therapeutic strategies for this aggressive neoplasm. Emerging evidence suggests tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein eight like 1 (TIPE1 or TNFAIP8L1), which functions as a cell death regulator, to hold high prospect as an important biomarker. Interestingly, this protein was found to be significantly downregulated in human lung cancer tissues compared to normal lung tissues. In addition, this protein exerted marked downregulation in different stages and grades of lung tumor. Further knockout of TIPE1 led to the enhancement in proliferation, survival, migration and invasion of NCIH460 human lung cancer cells through modulation of Akt/mTOR/STAT-3 signaling cascade. In addition, TIPE1 was found to be involved in nicotine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, N-nitrosonornicotine and benzo[a]pyrene-mediated lung cancer through enhanced proliferation, survival and migration of lung cancer cells. Altogether, this newly identified protein plays a critical role in lung cancer pathogenesis and possess enormous prospect to serve as an important tool in the effective management of this aggressive neoplasm.
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Guo X, Li M, Wang X, Pan Y, Li J. Correlation between loss of Smad4 and clinical parameters of non-small cell lung cancer: an observational cohort study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:111. [PMID: 33794845 PMCID: PMC8017835 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SMAD4 has been found to be inactivated to varying degrees in many types of cancer; the purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between SMAD4 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and clinical pathological parameters. Methods The serum concentration of SMAD4 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its histological expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry. Results The serum concentration of Smad4 in patients with NSCLC was lower than that in benign lung disease patients and healthy individuals (P < 0.001) and its concentration was related to the histological classification, pathological differentiation, lymphatic metastasis and clinical stage of NSCLC. The sensitivity and specificity of serum Smad4 were 91.56% and 61.56% for screening NSCLC from healthy individuals and 84.55% and 60.36% for screening NSCLC from patients with benign lung disease. Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of cell differentiation (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) and clinical stage of NSCLC (P = 0.007) affected the expression of Smad4, and had a strong correlation with the expression of Smad4. The expression of Smad4 in NSCLC tissues was lower than that in normal lung tissues (P = 0.009) and its expression was related to the degree of tissue differentiation, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P < 0.05). Conclusions The downregulation or deletion of Smad4 is related to the malignant biological behavior of NSCLC and serum Smad4 could be considered as a potential molecular indicator for diagnosis and evaluation of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiashu Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China.
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Polyphyllin I promotes cell death via suppressing UPR-mediated CHOP ubiquitination and degradation in non-small cell lung cancer. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:255-266. [PMID: 33875166 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60027-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polyphyllin I (PPI) purified from Polyphyllarhizomes displays puissant cytotoxicity in many kinds of cancers. Several researches investigated its anti-cancer activity. But novel mechanisms are still worth investigation. This study aimed to explore PPI-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as well as the underlying mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cell viability or colony-forming was detected by MTT or crystal violet respectively. Cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed by flow cytometry. Gene and protein levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting respectively. Protein interaction was determined by immunoprecipitation or immunofluorescence assay. Gene overexpression or silencing was carried out by transient transfection with plasmids or small interfering RNAs. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used for Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), survival analysis, gene expression statistics or pathway enrichment assay. PPI inhibited the propagation of NSCLC cells, increased non-viable apoptotic cells, arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase, induced ROS levels but failed to decrease mitochondrial membrane potential. High levels of GRP78 indicates poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. PPI selectively suppressed unfolded protein response (UPR)-induced GRP78 expression, subsequently protected CHOP from GRP78-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. We demonstrated that the natural product PPI, obtained from traditional herbal medicine, deserves for further study as a valuable candidate for lead compound in the chemotherapy of NSCLC.
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Fang L, Wang H, Zhang J, Fang X. Punicalagin induces ROS-mediated apoptotic cell death through inhibiting STAT3 translocation in lung cancer A549 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-10. [PMID: 33720461 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a noxious disease with substandard overall survival. Despite this, there are several treatment strategies for lung cancer include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery; however, the overall survival remains poor. Punicalagin has been documented as a potential phytomedicine to selectively inhibit the progression and expansion of numerous cancers. In the present study, we evaluated the antiproliferative ability of punicalagin against lung cancer A549 cells by inducing apoptosis by inhibiting STAT-3 activation. Punicalagin induces toxic effects of A549 cells in a dose-associated manner after 24 h treatment. And we also observed that punicalagin (10, 20, and 30 μM) induced reactive oxygen species generation, alters the mitochondrion membrane potential and apoptotic morphological changes in A549 cells. The STAT-3 overexpression regulates apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Here, the punicalagin inhibited STAT-3 translocation and thereby induces apoptosis by inhibiting expression Bcl-2 and enhanced expression of Bax, cytochrome-c, caspase-9, and caspase-3 in A549 cells. Hence, we stated that the punicalagin is a possible therapy for non-small cell lung, malignancies. Altogether, the punicalagin is a promising phytomedicine in malignancy treatment and further endeavors are needed to unveil the complete potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 521 Hospital of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Blood Transfusion, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Biological Effect, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Ankang City Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolei Fang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Ankang City Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi, China
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In vivo synergistic anti-tumor effect of lumefantrine combined with pH responsive behavior of nano calcium phosphate based lipid nanoparticles on lung cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 158:105657. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Amiri A, Pourhanifeh MH, Mirzaei HR, Nahand JS, Moghoofei M, Sahebnasagh R, Mirzaei H, Hamblin MR. Exosomes and Lung Cancer: Roles in Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Applications. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:308-328. [PMID: 32013817 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200204141952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a malignancy with a high morbidity and mortality rate, and affected patients have low survival and poor prognosis. The therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this cancer, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy, are not particularly effective partly due to late diagnosis. Therefore, the search for new diagnostic and prognostic tools is a critical issue. Novel biomarkers, such as exosomes, could be considered as potential diagnostic tools for malignancies, particularly lung cancer. Exosomes are nanovesicles, which are associated with different physiological and pathological conditions. It has been shown that these particles are released from many cells, such as cancer cells, immune cells and to some degree normal cells. Exosomes could alter the behavior of target cells through intercellular transfer of their cargo (e.g. DNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs and proteins). Thus, these vehicles may play pivotal roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. The current insights into lung cancer pathogenesis suggest that exosomes are key players in the pathogenesis of this cancer. Hence, these nanovesicles and their cargos could be used as new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in the treatment of lung cancer. Besides the diagnostic roles of exosomes, their use as drug delivery systems and as cancer vaccines is under investigation. The present review summarizes the current information on the diagnostic and pathogenic functions of exosomes in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashahd, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roxana Sahebnasagh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
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Rong JH, Li D, Li YL. Lobaplatin Enhances Radioactive 125I Seed-Induced Apoptosis and Anti-Proliferative Effect in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Suppressing the AKT/mTOR Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:289-300. [PMID: 33469307 PMCID: PMC7811486 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s288012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In recent years, radioactive 125I seed implantation combined with chemotherapy has been regarded as a safe and effective treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanism underlying this success is still unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated the apoptosis and anti-proliferative effect induced by 125I in A549, H1975, and H157 cells and determined whether a sensitizing concentration of lobaplatin (LBP) could enhance these effects. We performed in vitro experiments on A549, H1975, and H157 cells; we investigated the effects of 125I or lobaplatin (LBP) alone, or in combination, on cellular apoptosis and proliferation by performing flow cytometry, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, TUNEL, cell viability assay, cell cycle, and EdU. To further verify our findings, a subcutaneous tumor mouse model was established. Moreover, AKT/mTOR pathway was detected to determine whether this pathway was involved in the anti-cancer effect of 125I and LBP by up-regulating or down-regulating the expression of mTOR. Results Based on our results, the sensitizing concentration of LBP could enhance the 125I-induced apoptosis and anti-proliferation effect. Furthermore, the subcutaneous tumor mouse model obtained the consistent results. More importantly, the AKT/mTOR pathway was down-regulated after the treatment of 125I and LBP, and the anti-cancer effect of 125I and LBP could be compromised by up-regulating the mTOR expression. Conclusion Our study proved that LBP promotes the apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of 125I in NSCLC cells by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway and provides a foundation for future studies and enhanced combinatorial approaches for NSCLC in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Rong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Liang Li
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Association between Risk Factors and the Existence of Lung Malignancies in a Population from the South-West Romania: A Single-Center Study. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2021; 47:485-493. [PMID: 35444830 PMCID: PMC8987467 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.47.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer, one of the most prominent malignancies of today worldwide, affects mainly men; however, recently women have also been increasingly afflicted by the disease. Our aim was to retrospectively analyze a series of potential risk factors for the disease and their potential to affect both genders. METHODS Our retrospective study relied on anonymized data collected between 2017 and 2020 at a single hospital specialized on lung diseases. After receiving ethical clearance, data pertaining to risk factors as well as statistical aspects of the lot were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS We found 493 patients (398 men) aged between 31 and 90 years (median 67) who were found with lung tumors and selected a matched cohort of patients with other diseases. We found positive associations between the presence of smoking, COPD, or pollution and the occurrence of lung cancer. Almost all lung cancer patients presented different significant associated diseases. Family history also favored the appearance of lung cancer. CONCLUSION Several risk factors remain high in lung tumor patients, and rapid measures to diminish the impact of such factors are needed in order to decrease the overall incidence of this pathology.
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Mascarenhas E, Gelatti AC, Araújo LH, Baldotto C, Mathias C, Zukin M, Werutsky G, Pacheco P, Gomes R, de Castro G, Cordeiro de Lima VC. Comprehensive genomic profiling of Brazilian non-small cell lung cancer patients (GBOT 0118/LACOG0418). Thorac Cancer 2020; 12:580-587. [PMID: 33314759 PMCID: PMC7919136 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to carry out a descriptive analysis of the somatic genetic profile and co‐occurring mutations of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples from patients tested with comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP). Methods This was a retrospective cross‐sectional study of patients diagnosed with NSCLC from 2013 to 2018 in Brazil and whose samples were submitted to CGP (FoundationOne or FoundationACT) using either tumor or circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from plasma. Results We recovered 513 CGP results from patients, 457 (89.1%) of which were from tumors and 56 (10.9%) from plasma. The median age of patients was 64 years old, of which 51.6% were males. TP53 mutations were identified in 53.6% of tumor samples, KRAS mutations in 24.2%, EGFR activating mutations were detected in 22.5%, STK11 mutations in 11.6%, PIK3CA mutations in 8.8%, ALK rearrangements in 5.4%, BRAF mutations in 5.2%, and ERBB2 alterations in 4.9%. The most commonly comutated gene was TP53. TP53 p.R337H was observed in 4.3% of samples and was associated with somatic mutations in EGFR and ERBB2 (P < 0.00001). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) analysis was available for 80.5% of samples tested, and 5.5% of samples had high TMB (≥ 20 mutations/Mb). In conclusion, this retrospective analysis of genomic data from NSCLC patients obtained by CGP showed that common abnormalities such as EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements had similar frequency to those previously described by other groups using others strategies. Additionally, our data confirm an association between TP53 p.R337H, supposedly germline in nature, and somatic mutations in genes of the HER family. Key points Significant findings of the study This is the first report of the prevalence of driver mutations in Brazilian NSCLC patients using comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP). The frequency of the most common driver mutations in this population was similar to that previously described in Brazil.
What this study adds TP53 was the most commonly comutated gene across samples. TP53 p.R337H was associated with somatic mutations in EGFR and ERBB2. Most samples had low TMB; only 5.5% of samples had high TMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldsamira Mascarenhas
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Torácica, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Oncologia D'or, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Gelatti
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Torácica, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Grupo Oncoclínicas, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Araújo
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Torácica, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Instituto COI de Educação e Pesquisa, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Baldotto
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Torácica, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Oncologia D'or, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Mathias
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Torácica, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,NOB/Oncoclínicas, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mauro Zukin
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Torácica, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Oncologia D'or, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafaela Gomes
- Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gilberto de Castro
- Grupo Brasileiro de Oncologia Torácica, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mele MC, Rinninella E, Cintoni M, Pulcini G, Di Donato A, Grassi F, Trestini I, Pozzo C, Tortora G, Gasbarrini A, Bria E. Nutritional Support in Lung Cancer Patients: The State of the Art. Clin Lung Cancer 2020; 22:e584-e594. [PMID: 33303399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) represents the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm worldwide for both sexes and is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Malnutrition is a comorbidity frequently found in neoplastic patients, but it remains often underestimated and thus undertreated. In this review, we aimed to investigate the incidence of malnutrition among LC patients according to different screening and assessment tools, to evaluate the impact of weight loss and body composition on survival, and to analyze the efficacy of different nutritional interventions in this setting. Although malnutrition, weight loss, and body composition changes can affect survival and other clinical outcomes in LC patients, the role of nutritional interventions is not yet strongly proven, and further studies are recommended. Nevertheless, screening, assessing, and eventually treating malnutrition in LC patients are strongly recommended, according to the most recent nutritional intervention guidelines for oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Mele
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rinninella
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cintoni
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Scienza dell'Alimentazione, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Pulcini
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Di Donato
- UOSD di Nutrizione Avanzata in Oncologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Futura Grassi
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Trestini
- Oncologia Medica, Università di Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Carmelo Pozzo
- Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Souza CP, Cinegaglia NC, Felix TF, Evangelista AF, Oliveira RA, Hasimoto EN, Cataneo DC, Cataneo AJM, Scapulatempo Neto C, Viana CR, de Paula FE, Drigo SA, Carvalho RF, Marques MMC, Reis RM, Reis PP. Deregulated microRNAs Are Associated with Patient Survival and Predicted to Target Genes That Modulate Lung Cancer Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2711. [PMID: 32971741 PMCID: PMC7563870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Although the advances in diagnostic and treatment strategies, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, worldwide, with survival rates as low as 16% in developed countries. Low survival rates are mainly due to late diagnosis and the lack of effective treatment. Therefore, the identification of novel, clinically useful biomarkers is still needed for patients with advanced disease stage and poor survival. Micro(mi)RNAs are non-coding RNAs and potent regulators of gene expression with a possible role as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers in cancer. (2) Methods: We applied global miRNA expression profiling analysis using TaqMan® arrays in paired tumor and normal lung tissues (n = 38) from treatment-naïve patients with lung adenocarcinoma (AD; n = 23) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; n = 15). miRNA target genes were validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) lung AD (n = 561) and lung SCC (n = 523) RNA-Seq datasets. (3) Results: We identified 33 significantly deregulated miRNAs (fold change, FC ≥ 2.0 and p < 0.05) in tumors relative to normal lung tissues, regardless of tumor histology. Enrichment analysis confirmed that genes targeted by the 33 miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in lung AD and SCC, and modulate known pathways in lung cancer. Additionally, high expression of miR-25-3p was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with poor patient survival, when considering both tumor histologies. (4) Conclusions: miR-25-3p may be a potential prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer. Genes targeted by miRNAs regulate EGFR and TGFβ signaling, among other known pathways relevant to lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano P. Souza
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (C.P.S.); (E.N.H.); (D.C.C.); (A.J.M.C.); (S.A.D.)
- Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (N.C.C.); (T.F.F.)
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil; (A.F.E.); (C.S.N.); (C.R.V.); (F.E.d.P.); (M.M.C.M.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Naiara C. Cinegaglia
- Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (N.C.C.); (T.F.F.)
| | - Tainara F. Felix
- Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (N.C.C.); (T.F.F.)
| | - Adriane F. Evangelista
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil; (A.F.E.); (C.S.N.); (C.R.V.); (F.E.d.P.); (M.M.C.M.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Rogério A. Oliveira
- Department of Biostatistics, Plant Biology, Parasitology, and Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil;
| | - Erica N. Hasimoto
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (C.P.S.); (E.N.H.); (D.C.C.); (A.J.M.C.); (S.A.D.)
| | - Daniele C. Cataneo
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (C.P.S.); (E.N.H.); (D.C.C.); (A.J.M.C.); (S.A.D.)
| | - Antônio J. M. Cataneo
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (C.P.S.); (E.N.H.); (D.C.C.); (A.J.M.C.); (S.A.D.)
| | - Cristovam Scapulatempo Neto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil; (A.F.E.); (C.S.N.); (C.R.V.); (F.E.d.P.); (M.M.C.M.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Cristiano R. Viana
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil; (A.F.E.); (C.S.N.); (C.R.V.); (F.E.d.P.); (M.M.C.M.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Flávia E. de Paula
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil; (A.F.E.); (C.S.N.); (C.R.V.); (F.E.d.P.); (M.M.C.M.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Sandra A. Drigo
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (C.P.S.); (E.N.H.); (D.C.C.); (A.J.M.C.); (S.A.D.)
- Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (N.C.C.); (T.F.F.)
| | - Robson F. Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil;
| | - Márcia M. C. Marques
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil; (A.F.E.); (C.S.N.); (C.R.V.); (F.E.d.P.); (M.M.C.M.); (R.M.R.)
- Barretos School of Health Sciences, Barretos 14785-002, SP, Brazil
| | - Rui M. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil; (A.F.E.); (C.S.N.); (C.R.V.); (F.E.d.P.); (M.M.C.M.); (R.M.R.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 410-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patricia P. Reis
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (C.P.S.); (E.N.H.); (D.C.C.); (A.J.M.C.); (S.A.D.)
- Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (N.C.C.); (T.F.F.)
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Lei L, Wang Y, Zheng YW, Fei LR, Shen HY, Li ZH, Huang WJ, Yu JH, Xu HT. Overexpression of Nemo-like Kinase Promotes the Proliferation and Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells and Indicates Poor Prognosis. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:674-680. [PMID: 30451112 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666181119150521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is an evolutionarily conserved MAP kinaserelated kinase involved in the pathogenesis of several human cancers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and role of NLK in lung cancers, and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS We examined the expression of NLK in lung cancer tissues through western blot analysis. We enhanced or knocked down NLK expression by gene transfection or RNA interference, respectively, in lung cancer cells, and examined expression alterations of key proteins in the Wnt signaling pathway and in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also examined the roles of NLK in the proliferation and invasiveness of lung cancer cells by cell proliferation, colony formation, and Matrigel invasion assays. RESULTS NLK expression was found to be significantly higher in lung cancer tissue samples than in corresponding healthy lung tissue samples. Overexpression of NLK correlated with poor prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Overexpression of NLK upregulated β-catenin, TCF4, and Wnt target genes such as cyclin D1, c-Myc, and MMP7. N-cadherin and TWIST, the key proteins in EMT, were upregulated, while E-cadherin expression was reduced. Additionally, proliferation, colony formation, and invasion turned out to be enhanced in NLK-overexpressing cells. After NLK knockdown in lung cancer cells, we obtained the opposite results. CONCLUSION NLK is overexpressed in lung cancers and indicates poor prognosis. Overexpression of NLK activates the Wnt signaling pathway and EMT and promotes the proliferation and invasiveness of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yi-Wen Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Liang-Ru Fei
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hao-Yue Shen
- 100K80B, Clinical Medicine of Seven-year Programme, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Zhi-Han Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wen-Jing Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Juan-Han Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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42
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Chen Z, Fan Z, Dou X, Zhou Q, Zeng G, Liu L, Chen W, Lan R, Liu W, Ru G, Yu L, He QY, Chen L. Inactivation of tumor suppressor gene Clusterin leads to hyperactivation of TAK1-NF-κB signaling axis in lung cancer cells and denotes a therapeutic opportunity. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11520-11534. [PMID: 33052230 PMCID: PMC7545994 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Clinical success of precision medicine is severely limited by de novo or acquired drug resistance. It remains a clinically unmet need to treat these patients. Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) play a critical role in tumorigenesis and impact the therapeutic effect of various treatments. Experimental Design: Using clinical data, in vitro cell line data and in vivo mouse model data, we revealed the tumor suppressive role of Clusterin in lung cancer. We also delineated the signaling cascade elicited by loss of function of CLU in NSCLC cells and tested precision medicine for CLU deficient lung cancers. Results: CLU is a potent and clinically relevant TSG in lung cancer. Mechanistically, CLU inhibits TGFBR1 to recruit TRAF6/TAB2/TAK1 complex and thus inhibits activation of TAK1- NF-κB signaling axis. Lung cancer cells with loss of function of CLU show exquisite sensitivity to TAK1 inhibitors. Importantly, we show that a significant portion of Kras mutation positive NSCLC patients are concurrently deficient of CLU and that TAK1 kinase inhibitor synergizes with existing drugs to treat this portion of lung cancers patients. Conclusions: Combinational treatment with TAK1 inhibitor and MEK1/2 inhibitor effectively shrank Kras mutation positive and CLU deficient NSCLC tumors. Moreover, we put forward a concept that loss of function of a TSG rewires signaling network and thereby creates an Achilles' heel in tumor cells which could be exploited in precision medicine.
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43
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Zhang L, Kim S, Ren X. The Clinical Significance of SIRT2 in Malignancies: A Tumor Suppressor or an Oncogene? Front Oncol 2020; 10:1721. [PMID: 33014852 PMCID: PMC7506103 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a member of the sirtuin protein family. It is a Class III histone deacetylase (HDACs) and predominantly localized to the cytosol. SIRT2 deacetylates histones and a number of non-histone proteins and plays a pivotal role in various physiologic processes. Previously, SIRT2 has been considered indispensable during carcinogenesis; however, there is now a significant controversy regarding whether SIRT2 is an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. The purpose of this review is to summarize the physiological functions of SIRT2 and its mechanisms in cancer. We will focus on five malignancies (breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and glioma) to describe the current status of SIRT2 research and discuss the clinical evaluation of SIRT2 expression and the use of SIRT2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Xiubao Ren
- National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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44
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Marima R, Hull R, Dlamini Z, Penny C. Efavirenz and Lopinavir/Ritonavir Alter Cell Cycle Regulation in Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1693. [PMID: 32984047 PMCID: PMC7484481 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) is currently the most effective treatment for HIV/AIDS. Additionally, HIV positive patients receiving HAART have a better health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Cancers previously associated with HIV/AIDS also known as the AIDS defining cancers (ADCs), such as Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been on the decline since the introduction of HAART. However, non-AIDS defining cancers (NADCs), in particular, lung cancers have been documented to be on the rise. The association between the use of HAART components and lung carcinogenesis is poorly understood. This study aimed at elucidating the effects of two HAART components [efavirenz (EFV), and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)] on lung cancer. This was achieved through the use of in vitro cell biological approaches to assess cell health, including cell viability, Real Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) growth monitoring, evaluation of the cell cycle, and progression to apoptosis, following on drug treatments. At plasma level concentrations, both EFV and LPV/r induced S-phase arrest, while at lower concentrations both drugs promoted the progression of cells into G2/M phase following cell cycle FACS analysis. At higher concentrations although cell viability assays reflected anti-proliferative effects of the drugs, this was not statistically significant. RTCA showed a significant decline in cell viability in response to the highest dose of LPV/r. Dual staining by Annexin V-FITC and PI confirmed significant pro-apoptotic effects were promoted by LPV/r. Both EFV and LPV/r exert double-edged oncogenic effects on MRC-5 and A549 lung cells, acting to either promote cell proliferation or to enhance apoptosis. This is affected by EFV and LPV/r altering cell cycle progression, with a significant S-phase arrest, this being an indication of cellular stress, cytotoxicity, and DNA damage within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaba Marima
- SA-MRC/UP Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pan African Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa
| | - Rodney Hull
- SA-MRC/UP Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pan African Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SA-MRC/UP Precision Prevention and Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers Extramural Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pan African Cancer Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa
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45
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Emerging role of phytochemicals in targeting predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic biomarkers of lung cancer. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111592. [PMID: 32702507 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung-cancer is the foremost cause of cancer in humans worldwide, of which 80-85% cases are composed of non-small cell lung carcinoma. All treatment decisions depend on the pattern of biomarkers selection to enhance the response to the targeted therapies. Although advanced treatments are available for lung-cancer, the disease treatment remains not adequate. There are several synthetic chemotherapeutic agents available for the treatment of lung cancer. However, due to their toxic effect, survival rate is still 15-18%. Besides, medicinal plants are a huge reservoir of natural products that provide protective effects against lung cancer. Likewise, successful studies of potential phytochemicals in targeting lung-cancer biomarkers have created a novel paradigm for the discovery of potent drugs against lung-cancer. Hence, to defeat severe toxicity and resistance towards the synthetic drugs, detailed studies are required regarding the available phytochemicals and targets responsible for the treatment of lung-cancer. The present review provides a comprehensive information about the lung-cancer biomarkers under the classification of predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic type. Moreover, it discusses and enlists the phytochemicals with mode of action against different biomarkers, effective doses in in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, the limitations associated with usage of phytochemicals as a drug to prevent/cure lung-cancer and the latest techniques employed to overcome such issues.
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46
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Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Duijf PHG, Safarzadeh E, Tebbi L, Najafi S, Shokouhi B, Sorensen GL, Holmskov U, Baradaran B. Restoration of miR-330 expression suppresses lung cancer cell viability, proliferation, and migration. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:273-283. [PMID: 32583462 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and its incidence is rising around the world. Various studies suggest that miR-330 acts as a tumor-suppressor microRNA (miRNA) in different types of cancers, but precisely how has remained unclear. In this study, we investigate miR-330 expression in lung cancer patient samples, as well as in vitro, by studying how normalization of miR-330 expression affects lung cancer cellular phenotypes such as viability, apoptosis, proliferation, and migration. We establish that low miR-330 expression predicts poor lung cancer prognosis. Stable restoration of reduced miR-330 expression in lung cancer cells reduces cell viability, increases the fraction of apoptotic cells, causes G2/M cell cycle arrest, and inhibits cell migration. These findings are substantiated by increased mRNA and protein expression of markers for apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway, such as caspase 9, and decreased mRNA and protein expression of markers for cell migration, such as vimentin, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, and matrix metalloproteinase 9. We showed that reduced miR-330 expression predicts poor lung cancer survival and that stable restoration of miR-330 expression in lung cancer cells has a broad range of tumor-suppressive effects. This indicates that miR-330 is a promising candidate for miRNA replacement therapy for lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pascal H G Duijf
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Leila Tebbi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrooz Shokouhi
- Departmentof Infectious Diseases, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Grith L Sorensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Holmskov
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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47
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Weng CW, Li JH, Tsai JY, Lin SH, Chang GC, Liu CC, Chen JJW. Pharmacophore-based virtual screening for the identification of the novel Src inhibitor SJG-136 against lung cancer cell growth and motility. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1668-1690. [PMID: 32642283 PMCID: PMC7339285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant elevated Src activity is related to lung cancer growth and metastasis. Therefore, the development of potent small molecule inhibitors to target Src kinase is a potential therapeutic strategy for lung cancer. This study aimed to develop a computational model for the in silico screening of Src inhibitors and then assess the suppressive effect of candidate compounds on cellular functions. A 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) pharmacophore model consisting of two hydrogen bond acceptors and two hydrophobic regions was constructed by using 28 structurally diverse compounds with IC50 values spanning four orders of magnitude. A National Cancer Institute (NCI) compound dataset was employed for virtual screening by applying the pharmacophore model and molecular docking. Candidate compounds were chosen from the top 20% of scored hits. Among these compounds, the suppressive effects of 30 compounds available in the NCI on Src phosphorylation were validated by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among these compounds, SJG-136, a pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer, showed a significant inhibitory effect against Src activity in a dose-dependent manner. Further investigations showed that SJG-136 can inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation, clonogenicity, invasion and migration in vitro and tumour growth in vivo. Furthermore, SJG-136 also had an inhibitory effect on Src-related signaling pathways, including the FAK, paxillin, p130Cas, PI3K, AKT, and MEK pathways. In conclusion, we have established a pharmacophore-based virtual screening approach to identify novel Src inhibitors that can inhibit lung cancer cell growth and motility through suppressing Src-related pathways. These findings may contribute to the development of targeted drugs for lung cancer treatment, such as lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hua Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yuan Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy JW Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
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48
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Kim N, Kim HK, Lee K, Hong Y, Cho JH, Choi JW, Lee JI, Suh YL, Ku BM, Eum HH, Choi S, Choi YL, Joung JG, Park WY, Jung HA, Sun JM, Lee SH, Ahn JS, Park K, Ahn MJ, Lee HO. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrates the molecular and cellular reprogramming of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2285. [PMID: 32385277 PMCID: PMC7210975 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced metastatic cancer poses utmost clinical challenges and may present molecular and cellular features distinct from an early-stage cancer. Herein, we present single-cell transcriptome profiling of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, the most prevalent histological lung cancer type diagnosed at stage IV in over 40% of all cases. From 208,506 cells populating the normal tissues or early to metastatic stage cancer in 44 patients, we identify a cancer cell subtype deviating from the normal differentiation trajectory and dominating the metastatic stage. In all stages, the stromal and immune cell dynamics reveal ontological and functional changes that create a pro-tumoral and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Normal resident myeloid cell populations are gradually replaced with monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells, along with T-cell exhaustion. This extensive single-cell analysis enhances our understanding of molecular and cellular dynamics in metastatic lung cancer and reveals potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in cancer-microenvironment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Hong Kwan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Kyungjong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 06351, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yourae Hong
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jung Won Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jung-Il Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Yeon-Lim Suh
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Bo Mi Ku
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Eum
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Soyean Choi
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea
- Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Je-Gun Joung
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Jung
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jong-Mu Sun
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Keunchil Park
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | - Hae-Ock Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences &Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Korea.
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49
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Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of Green Grape Juice. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Plants, due to their phytochemicals, have long been known for their pharmacological potential and medicinal value. Verjuice, the acidic juice of unripe green grape, is still poorly characterized in terms of its chemical composition and biological activities. (2) In this study, we characterized the chemical composition, antioxidant and antitumor potential of verjuice extract. Folin–Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride reagents were used to identify the total phenol and total flavonoid composition. Various conventional methods were used to quantify the alkaloids and tannins. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay and Neutral Red assay were used to assess the antioxidant and antitumor activities, respectively. (3) We showed that the verjuice extract contains alkaloids, tannins, and a high quantity of total flavonoids and total phenols. Besides its antioxidant activity, verjuice significantly repressed human pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) cells’ viability in both dose- and time-dependent manners. Moreover, verjuice extract significantly enhanced the anticancer potential of cisplatin. (4) Altogether, these observations suggest a potential use of verjuice as a natural antitumor remedy.
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50
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Liu X, Feng C, Wei G, Kong W, Meng H, Du Y, Li J. Mitofusin1 Is a Major Mediator in Glucose-Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:3511-3523. [PMID: 32425551 PMCID: PMC7187943 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s238714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been considered a latent mediator of diverse biological processes in cancer. However, the mechanisms involved in high glucose-associated EMT in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) have not been fully clarified. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether mitofusin1 (MFN1) is involved in the EMT of LAD cells induced by glucose and to identify the molecular mechanism involved in this process. Materials and Methods The expression of specific proteins was analysed by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analysis. The proliferation, migration and invasion of cells were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, wound-healing and transwell assays. Lung tissues of adjacent normal regions and lung tissues from patients with LAD and LAD combined with diabetes mellitus were collected to determine the expression and significance of MFN1. Results Here, we showed that the expression of MFN1 was increased in LAD tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and expression was even higher in lung tissues from patients with LAD combined with diabetes. In the lung cancer cell line A549, increased cell proliferation, invasion and EMT induced by high glucose were inhibited by MFN1 silencing. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that inhibiting autophagy reversed the abnormal EMT triggered by high glucose conditions. In addition, our data provide novel evidence demonstrating that PTEN-induced kinase (Pink) is a potential regulator involved in MFN1-mediated cell autophagy, which eventually leads to high glucose-induced proliferation, invasion and EMT of A549 cells. Conclusion Taken together, our data show that MFN1 interacts with Pink to induce the autophagic process and that the abnormal occurrence of autophagy ultimately contributes to glucose-induced pathological EMT in LAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyuan Liu
- Pathology Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang Feng
- Science and Technology Department, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Wei
- Pathology Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencong Kong
- Pathology Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Meng
- Clinicopathological Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Du
- Clinicopathological Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, People's Republic of China
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