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Chen D, Lawrence KG, Sandler DP. Nontraditional Occupational Exposures to Crude Oil Combustion Disasters and Respiratory Disease Risk: A Narrative Review of Literature. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:299-311. [PMID: 37166706 PMCID: PMC10330790 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Burning of petroleum products has been consistently associated with adverse respiratory health effects. Combustion of crude oil, specifically, produces toxic byproducts, but there have been relatively few studies of health effects. Burning of crude oil is increasingly employed as a means of mitigating environmental disasters despite the potential health risks to workers involved in clean-up efforts. Here, we review epidemiological studies of respiratory effects following unique crude oil burning events to (1) characterize respiratory health effects from this nontraditional occupational exposure and (2) identify approaches used to characterize exposures that could be applied to future disaster-related studies. RECENT FINDINGS We searched PubMed and EMBASE for references from inception to January 30, 2023. We also manually screened references cited in eligible articles. We identified 14 eligible publications. Our review suggests that exposure to crude oil combustion has adverse respiratory effects, including reduced lung function and increased occurrence of respiratory symptoms and disease. However, the evidence is inconsistent, and quality of data varied across studies. While some studies used quantitative, modeled exposure estimates, most used self-reported proxies of exposure. Although disasters involving crude oil combustion are relatively rare, limited evidence suggests that some worker populations may be at risk for respiratory effects from burning exposures in disaster settings. Future studies that use improved exposure assessment methods (e.g., personal monitors, remote sensing data) may help further quantify the respiratory risk from crude oil burning exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhe Chen
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kaitlyn G Lawrence
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Gutvirtz G, Sheiner E. Airway pollution and smoking in reproductive health. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2022; 85:81-93. [PMID: 36333255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposure refers to contact with chemical, biological, or physical substances found in air, water, food, or soil that may have a harmful effect on a person's health. Almost all of the global population (99%) breathe air that contains high levels of pollutants. Smoking is one of the most common forms of recreational drug use and is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The small particles from either ambient (outdoor) pollution or cigarette smoke are inhaled to the lungs and quickly absorbed into the bloodstream. These substances can affect virtually every organ in our body and have been associated with various respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, and also reproductive morbidities, including decreased fertility, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and offspring long-term morbidity. This review summarizes the latest literature reporting the reproductive consequences of women exposed to ambient (outdoor) air pollution and cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Gutvirtz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Soroka University Medical Center (SUMC), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology B, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Eyal Sheiner
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Soroka University Medical Center (SUMC), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology B, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Mohammadi T, Sadatsafavi M, Carlsten C. The economics of precision health: preventing air pollution-induced exacerbation in asthma. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00790-2020. [PMID: 33778052 PMCID: PMC7983226 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00790-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The demonstrable value of precision medicine, in the context of common environmental exposures, has scarcely been explored. This study evaluated the cost effectiveness of a preventive personalised intervention to reduce the adverse effect of air pollution in the context of asthma. A decision–analytic model was used to conduct a cost-utility analysis of prevention interventions in case of acute exposure to air pollution in mild asthma. Three different strategies, as follows, were compared: no preventive intervention; precision health strategy based on information from genotype testing, followed with treating high-risk patients; and prescribing additional medication to all mild asthmatics as a preventive intervention. The costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) in the base case and alternative scenarios were obtained through probabilistic analysis. The results showed that the precision prevention intervention (anticipatory intervention for asthmatics, guided by relevant genetic abnormality, in the face of acute air pollution) is a cost-effective strategy compared with no such intervention, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of CAD 49 555 per QALY. Furthermore, this strategy is a dominant strategy compared with an intervention that prescribes medication indiscriminately to all asthmatics. The incorporation of genomic testing to stratify risk of asthmatics to pollution-driven exacerbations, and then tailoring a preventive intervention accordingly, may be cost effective relative to untailored methods. These results lend plausibility to the use of precision medicine for limiting asthma exacerbation in the context of air pollution and, potentially, other exposures. Glutathione-S-transferase genotyping to determine the use of preventive asthma medication in the face of air pollution is cost effective in this model. Precision prevention in the setting of common environmental exposures may be used in other contexts.https://bit.ly/35Lab4b
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Affiliation(s)
- Tima Mohammadi
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Sadatsafavi
- Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chris Carlsten
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Meng Y, Lu Y, Xiang H, Liu S. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on the incidence of influenza in Wuhan, China: A time-series analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110327. [PMID: 33075359 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that air pollution is associated with many adverse health outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), respiratory diseases, cancer, and birth defects. Yet few studies dig into the relationship between air pollution and airborne infectious diseases. METHODS Daily data on influenza incidence were obtained from Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Hubei CDC). Data on air pollutants including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ground-level ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10) were retrieved from ten national air sampling stations located at Wuhan. We applied generalized additive model (GAM) to estimate the associations between air pollution and the risk of influenza in Wuhan, China during 2015-2017. RESULTS In the single-day lag model, the largest effect estimates were observed at lag 0. An increased relative risk (RR) of influenza was significantly associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase in SO2 (RR: 1.099; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.011-1.195), NO2 (RR: 1.039; 95% CI: 1.013-1.065), and O3 (RR: 1.005; 95% CI: 0.994-1.016), respectively. In the multi-day lag model, concentrations of SO2, NO2, and O3 were statistically significantly associated with the risk of influenza at lag 0-1. The seasonal analysis suggests that the influence of air pollution on influenza is greater in the cold season as compared in the warm season in the early lag days. The multi-pollutant model indicates that NO2 may be a potential confounder for co-pollutants. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that air pollution may be associated with the risk of influenza in a broad sense. Therefore, when formulating policies to deal with influenza outbreaks in the future, factors regarding air pollution should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongna Meng
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Public Health Sciences, University Hawaii at Manoa, 1960 East West Rd, Biomed Bldg, D105, Honolulu, USA
| | - Hao Xiang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China.
| | - Suyang Liu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China.
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Jurewicz J, Dziewirska E, Radwan M, Hanke W. Air pollution from natural and anthropic sources and male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:109. [PMID: 30579357 PMCID: PMC6304234 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0430-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to air pollution has been clearly associated with a range of adverse health effects, including reproductive toxicity. However, a limited amount of research has been conducted to examine the association between air pollution and male reproductive outcomes, specially semen quality. We performed a systematic review (up to March 2017) to assess the impact of environmental and occupational exposure to air pollution on semen quality. Epidemiological studies focusing on air pollution exposures and male reproduction were identified by a search of the PUBMED, MEDLINE, EBSCO and TOXNET literature bases. Twenty-two studies were included which assess the impact of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, O3, PAHs) on main semen parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology), CASA parameters, DNA fragmentation, sperm aneuploidy and the level of reproductive hormones. The number of studies found significant results supporting the evidence that air pollution may affect: DNA fragmentation, morphology and motility.In summary, most studies concluded that outdoor air pollution affects at least one of the assessed semen parameters. However the diversity of air pollutants and semen parameters presented in the studies included in the review and different study design caused lack of consistency in results and difficulties in comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jurewicz
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St, 91-362, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Emila Dziewirska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St, 91-362, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Radwan
- Department of Gynecology and Reproduction, "Gameta" Hospital, 34/36 Rudzka St, 95-030, Rzgów, Poland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The State University of Applied Sciences in Plock, 2 Dąbrowskiego Sq, 09-402, Płock, Poland
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St, 91-362, Lodz, Poland
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Grippo A, Zhang J, Chu L, Guo Y, Qiao L, Zhang J, Myneni AA, Mu L. Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2018; 33:247-264. [PMID: 29975668 PMCID: PMC7183911 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2017-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The developing fetus is particularly susceptible to environmental pollutants, and evidence has shown adverse effects of air pollutants on pregnancy and birth outcomes. Pregnancy loss, including spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) and stillbirth, is the most severe adverse pregnancy outcome. This review focuses on air pollution exposure during pregnancy in relation to spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. A total of 43 studies are included in this review, including 35 human studies and eight animal studies. Overall, these studies suggest that exposure to air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO) and cooking smoke may be associated with higher risk for stillbirth and spontaneous abortion. PM10 exposure during an entire pregnancy was associated with increased risk of spontaneous abortion, and exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in the third trimester might increase the risk of stillbirth. CO exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion and exposure during the third trimester was associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. Cooking smoke was found to increase the risk of stillbirths, and the evidence was consistent. Insufficient and conflicting evidence was found for various other pollutants, such as NO2 and SO2. Studies did not show clear evidence for associations between pregnancy loss and others pollutants such as heavy metals, organochlorine compounds, PAH and total dust count. Further research is warranted to better understand the relationship between air pollution exposure and pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Grippo
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Li Chu
- Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Hang Tian General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Qiao
- Center of Global Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Center of Global Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ajay A Myneni
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lina Mu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY, USA
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Alderete TL, Chen Z, Toledo-Corral CM, Contreras ZA, Kim JS, Habre R, Chatzi L, Bastain T, Breton CV, Gilliland FD. Ambient and Traffic-Related Air Pollution Exposures as Novel Risk Factors for Metabolic Dysfunction and Type 2 Diabetes. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2018; 5:79-91. [PMID: 30319933 PMCID: PMC6178230 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-018-0140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetes mellitus is a top contributor to the global burden of mortality and disability in adults. There has also been a slow, but steady rise in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in youth. The current review summarizes recent findings regarding the impact of increased exposure to air pollutants on the type 2 diabetes epidemic. RECENT FINDINGS Human and animal studies provide strong evidence that exposure to ambient and traffic-related air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) play an important role in metabolic dysfunction and type 2 diabetes etiology. This work is supported by recent findings that have observed similar effect sizes for increased exposure to air pollutants on clinical measures of risk for type 2 diabetes in children and adults. Further, studies indicate that these effects may be more pronounced among individuals with existing risk factors, including obesity and prediabetes. SUMMARY Current epidemiological evidence suggests that increased air pollution exposure contributes to alterations in insulin signaling, glucose metabolism, and beta (β)-cell function. Future work is needed to identify the specific detrimental pollutants that alter glucose metabolism. Additionally, advanced tools and new areas of investigation present unique opportunities to study the underlying mechanisms, including intermediate pathways, that link increased air pollution exposure with type 2 diabetes onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya L. Alderete
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Claudia M. Toledo-Corral
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
- California State University, Los Angeles, Department of Public Health, Los Angeles California, USA
| | - Zuelma A. Contreras
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeniffer S. Kim
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rima Habre
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Leda Chatzi
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Theresa Bastain
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Frank D. Gilliland
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Luo L, Li E, Zhao S, Wang J, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Luo J, Zhao Z. Gasoline exhaust damages spermatogenesis through downregulating α6-integrin and β1-integrin in the rat model. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13045. [PMID: 29781095 DOI: 10.1111/and.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The health influence of air pollution has been an international public health concern. Increasing evidence has suggested that air pollution has been associated with decreased sperm quality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. We aimed to verify whether gasoline exhaust leads to reproductive impairment by injuring spermatogonial stem cells and explore its underlying molecular mechanism. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: the exposure group (n = 10) and the control group (n = 10). After 6-month exposure, the sperm count and morphology were determined. The histological changes in the seminiferous tubules were examined by HE staining. The expression of α6-integrin and β1-integrin was assessed with Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemical staining. Compared with control group, male rats exposed to gasoline exhaust showed significantly reduced sperm count, increased sperm abnormality rate and the total number of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids were decreased. (all p < .01). The expression levels of α6-integrin and β1-integrin in the exposure group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all p < .01). Our study showed that exposure to gasoline exhaust caused impairment to spermatogonial stem cells through downregulating α6-integrin and β1-integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luo
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - E Li
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Zhu
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Luo
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Urology & Andrology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang W, Zhao Y, Zhang P, Hao Y, Yu S, Min L, Li L, Ma D, Chen L, Yi B, Tang X, Meng Q, Liu L, Wang S, Shen W, Zhang H. Decrease in male mouse fertility by hydrogen sulfide and/or ammonia can Be inheritable. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:147-157. [PMID: 29202267 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies suggest that air pollutants cause a decline in the quality of human spermatozoa and thus a reduction in fertility. However, the exact cause of infertility remains unknown. Air pollution gases, such as NH3 and H2S are either free or bound to airborne particular materials (PM) and are abundant and reactive. The aim of this current investigation was to explore the impacts of NH3 and/or H2S on male fertility and the underlying mechanisms. Male mouse exposed to H2S and/or NH3 and after two generations were used to evaluate the impacts on fertility. The fertility, and spermatozoa quality parameters and proteins involved in spermatogenesis were investigated. Our current investigation demonstrates: i) H2S and/or NH3 decrease male fertility by 20-30%, reduce the spermatozoa concentration about 20-40%, decrease 10-20%, increase around 30%; ii) the reduction in male fertility by H2S and/or NH3 can be inheritable; iii) H2S and/or NH3 can diminish male fertility through the disruption of spermatogenesis without affecting other body parameters such as body weight and organ index. One component of air pollutants, for example NH3, does not have a severe impact; however, two or more pollutants such as H2S and NH3 combined can cause serious health problems, especially with regard to male fertility. We suggest that greater attention should be paid to these air pollutants to improve human health and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Yanan Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Shuai Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Lingjiang Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Dongxue Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Shukun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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Collarile P, Bidoli E, Barbone F, Zanier L, Del Zotto S, Fuser S, Stel F, Panato C, Gallai I, Serraino D. Residence in Proximity of a Coal-Oil-Fired Thermal Power Plant and Risk of Lung and Bladder Cancer in North-Eastern Italy. A Population-Based Study: 1995-2009. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14080860. [PMID: 28788106 PMCID: PMC5580564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the risk of lung and bladder cancers in people residing in proximity of a coal-oil-fired thermal power plant in an area of north-eastern Italy, covered by a population-based cancer registry. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) by sex, age, and histology were computed according to tertiles of residential exposure to benzene, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particular matter, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) among 1076 incident cases of lung and 650 cases of bladder cancers. In men of all ages and in women under 75 years of age, no significant associations were observed. Conversely, in women aged ≥75 years significantly increased risks of lung and bladder cancers were related to high exposure to benzene (IRR for highest vs. lowest tertile: 2.00 for lung cancer and 1.94 for bladder cancer) and NO2 (IRR: 1.72 for lung cancer; and 1.94 for bladder cancer). In these women, a 1.71-fold higher risk of lung cancer was also related to a high exposure to SO2. Acknowledging the limitations of our study, in particular that we did not have information regarding cigarette smoking habits, the findings of this study indicate that air pollution exposure may have had a role with regard to the risk of lung and bladder cancers limited to women aged ≥75 years. Such increased risk warrants further analytical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Collarile
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
| | - Ettore Bidoli
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
| | - Fabio Barbone
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Loris Zanier
- Epidemiologic Service, Regional Health Directorate of Friuli Venezia Giulia, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Stefania Del Zotto
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
| | - Simonetta Fuser
- Regional Environmental Protection Agency of Friuli Venezia Giulia, 33057 Palmanova (UD), Italy.
| | - Fulvio Stel
- Regional Environmental Protection Agency of Friuli Venezia Giulia, 33057 Palmanova (UD), Italy.
| | - Chiara Panato
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
| | - Irene Gallai
- Regional Environmental Protection Agency of Friuli Venezia Giulia, 33057 Palmanova (UD), Italy.
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
- Friuli Venezia Giulia Cancer Registry, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
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Shaddick G, Thomas ML, Green A, Brauer M, Donkelaar A, Burnett R, Chang HH, Cohen A, Dingenen RV, Dora C, Gumy S, Liu Y, Martin R, Waller LA, West J, Zidek JV, Prüss‐Ustün A. Data integration model for air quality: a hierarchical approach to the global estimation of exposures to ambient air pollution. J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rssc.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Dora
- World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland
| | - Sophie Gumy
- World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Jason West
- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill USA
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12
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Effect of Ambient Ozone Exposure Assessed by Individual Monitors on Nasal Function and Exhaled NO Among School Children in the Area of Thessaloniki, Greece. J Occup Environ Med 2017; 59:509-515. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Santos UP, Garcia MLSB, Braga ALF, Pereira LAA, Lin CA, de André PA, de André CDS, Singer JDM, Saldiva PHN. Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Reduced Forced Vital Capacity: A Study Using Personal Monitors for Outdoor Workers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163225. [PMID: 27711222 PMCID: PMC5053536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of outdoor air pollution on lung function in adults are still controversial. Objective Evaluate the effects of exposure to different levels of traffic-generated PM2.5 on workers’ lung functions in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods To cover a wide range of exposures, 101 non-smoking workers from three occupations (taxi drivers, traffic controllers, and forest rangers) were selected for the study. After clinical evaluation, the participants were scheduled to attend four consecutive weekly visits in which they received a 24-hour personal PM2.5 sampler and had lung function tests measured on the following day. The association between the spirometric variables and the averaged PM2.5 levels was assessed using robust regression models adjusted for age, waist circumference, time at the job, daily work hours, diabetes or hypertension and former smoking habits. Results Relative to workers in the lowest exposed group (all measures < 25 μg/m3), those with the highest level of exposure (all measures > 39.6 μg/m3) showed a reduction of predicted FVC (-12.2%; CI 95%: [-20.0% to -4.4%]), a marginal reduction of predicted FEV1 (-9.1%; CI 95%: [-19.1% to 0.9%]) and an increase of predicted FEF25-75%/FVC (14.9%; CI 95%: [2.9% to 26.8%]) without changes of FEV1/FVC. Conclusions Exposure to vehicular traffic air pollution is associated with a small but significant reduction of FVC without a reduction of FEV1/FVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubiratan Paula Santos
- Pulmonary Division of Heart Institute (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Alfésio Luís Ferreira Braga
- Environmental Epidemiology Study Group, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment Group, Collective Health Post-Graduation Program, Catholic University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Amador Pereira
- Environmental Epidemiology Study Group, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment Group, Collective Health Post-Graduation Program, Catholic University of Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Chin An Lin
- Environmental Epidemiology Study Group, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso de André
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Diva Saldiva de André
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio da Motta Singer
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lafuente R, García-Blàquez N, Jacquemin B, Checa MA. Outdoor air pollution and sperm quality. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:880-96. [PMID: 27565259 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Exposure to air pollution has been clearly associated with a range of adverse health effects, including reproductive toxicity, but its effects on male semen quality are still unclear. We performed a systematic review (up to June 2016) to assess the impact of air pollutants on sperm quality. We included 17 semi-ecological, panel, and cohort studies, assessing outdoor air pollutants, such as PM2.5, PM10, NOx, SO2, and O3, and their effects on DNA fragmentation, sperm count, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. Thirteen studies assessed air pollution exposure measured environmentally, and six used biomarkers of air pollution exposure (two did both). We rated the studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and assessed with the exposure method. Taking into account these factors and the number of studies finding significant results (positive or negative), the evidence supporting an effect of air pollution on DNA fragmentation is weak but suggestive, on sperm motility is limited and probably inexistent, on lower sperm count is inconclusive, and on sperm morphology is very suggestive. Because of the diversity of air pollutants and sperm parameters, and the studies' designs, we were unable to perform a meta-analysis. In summary, most studies concluded that outdoor air pollution affects at least one of the four semen quality parameters included in the review. However, results lack consistency, and furthermore, studies were not comparable. Studies using standardized air pollution and semen measures are required to obtain more reliable conclusions. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42015007175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lafuente
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Infertilidad y Reproducción Humana, EUGIN, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria García-Blàquez
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches), U1168, Institut Médical de Santé et Recherche Médicale, Villejuif, France; Unité mixte de recherche (UMR)-S1168, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France; ISGlobal (Barcelona Institute for Global Health)-Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain; Univerity Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Infertility Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Checa
- Centro de Infertilidad y Reproducción Humana, EUGIN, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Infertility Group, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
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Checa Vizcaíno MA, González-Comadran M, Jacquemin B. Outdoor air pollution and human infertility: a systematic review. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:897-904.e1. [PMID: 27513553 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is a current research priority because of its adverse effects on human health, including on fertility. However, the mechanisms through which air pollution impairs fertility remain unclear. In this article, we perform a systematic review to evaluate currently available evidence on the impact of air pollution on fertility in humans. Several studies have assessed the impact of air pollutants on the general population, and have found reduced fertility rates and increased risk of miscarriage. In subfertile patients, women exposed to higher concentrations of air pollutants while undergoing IVF showed lower live birth rates and higher rates of miscarriage. After exposure to similar levels of air pollutants, comparable results have been found regardless of the mode of conception (IVF versus spontaneous conception), suggesting that infertile women are not more susceptible to the effects of pollutants than the general population. In addition, previous studies have not observed impaired embryo quality after exposure to air pollution, although evidence for this question is sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Checa Vizcaíno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; GRI-BCN (Barcelona Research Infertility Group), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia González-Comadran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; GRI-BCN (Barcelona Research Infertility Group), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benedicte Jacquemin
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology Team, INSERM, Villejuif, France; UMRS 1018, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Lopez-Campos JL, Marquez-Martin E, Soriano JB. The role of air pollution in COPD and implications for therapy. Expert Rev Respir Med 2016; 10:849-59. [DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2016.1191356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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17
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Controlled diesel exhaust and allergen coexposure modulates microRNA and gene expression in humans: Effects on inflammatory lung markers. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1690-1700. [PMID: 27283384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution's association with asthma may be due to its augmentation of allergenic effects, but the role of microRNA (miRNA) and gene expression in this synergy is unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether exposure to allergen, exposure to diesel exhaust (DE), or coexposures modulate miRNA, gene expression, or inflammatory pathways and whether these measurements are correlated. METHODS Fifteen participants with atopy completed this controlled study of 2 hours of filtered air or DE (300 μg PM2.5/m3) exposure, followed by saline-controlled segmental bronchial allergen challenge. Gene and miRNA expression in bronchial brushings and lung inflammatory markers were measured 48 hours later, in study arms separated by approximately 4 weeks. Expression of miRNAs, messenger RNAs, and inflammatory markers and their interrelationships were determined using regression. RESULTS Robust linear models indicated that DE plus saline and DE plus allergen significantly modulated the highest number of miRNAs and messenger RNAs, respectively, relative to control (filtered air plus saline). In mixed models, allergen exposure modulated (q ≤ 0.2) miRNAs including miR-183-5p, miR-324-5p, and miR-132-3p and genes including NFKBIZ and CDKN1A, but DE did not significantly modify this allergenic effect. Repression of CDKN1A by allergen-induced miR-132-3p may contribute to shedding of bronchial epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Expression of specific miRNAs and genes associated with bronchial immune responses were significantly modulated by DE or allergen. However, DE did not augment the effect of allergen at 48 hours, suggesting that adjuvancy may be transient or require higher or prolonged exposure. In silico analysis suggested a possible mechanism contributing to epithelial wall damage following allergen exposure.
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Hirota JA, Carlsten C, Sadatsafavi M, Kaplan G, Hirota SA. Airway diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases: is it something in the air (pollution)? Eur Respir J 2016; 46:287-8. [PMID: 26130781 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00003815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Hirota
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Gordon and Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chris Carlsten
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Gordon and Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Sadatsafavi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Gordon and Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gilaad Kaplan
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Institute of Public Health, Depts of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Dept of Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Marino E, Caruso M, Campagna D, Polosa R. Impact of air quality on lung health: myth or reality? Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2015; 6:286-98. [PMID: 26336597 DOI: 10.1177/2040622315587256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory system is a primary target of the harmful effects of key air pollutants of health concern. Several air pollutants have been implicated including particulate matter (PM), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It is well known that episodes of exposure to high concentrations of outdoor air pollutants can cause acute respiratory exacerbations. However, there is now increasing evidence suggesting that significant exposure to outdoor air pollutants may be also associated with development of lung cancer and with incident cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory allergies. Here we provide a critical appraisal of the impact of air pollution on respiratory diseases and discuss strategies for preventing excessive exposure to harmful air pollutants. However, the evidence that significant exposure to air pollutants is causing COPD, lung cancer or respiratory allergies is not conclusive and therefore regulators must be aware that execution of clean air policies may not be that cost-effective and may lead to unintended consequences. Addressing the lung health effects of air pollution must be considered work in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Marino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, and UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Caruso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, and UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Campagna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, and UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Università di Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Immunologia Clinica, Policlinico Universitario, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95100, Catania, Italy
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20
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Bono R, Tassinari R, Bellisario V, Gilli G, Pazzi M, Pirro V, Mengozzi G, Bugiani M, Piccioni P. Urban air and tobacco smoke as conditions that increase the risk of oxidative stress and respiratory response in youth. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 137:141-146. [PMID: 25531819 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution and tobacco smoke can induce negative effects on the human health and often leads to the formation of oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of the urbanization degree and of passive exposure to tobacco smoke in the formation of oxidative stress. Thus, a group of non-smoking adolescents was recruited among those who live and attend school in areas with three different population densities. To each subject a spot of urine was collected to quantify 15-F2t isoprostane as a marker of oxidative stress and cotinine as a marker of passive exposure to tobacco smoke. Furthermore, respiratory functionality was also measured. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analysis results showed a direct correlation (p<0.0001) of 15-F2t isoprostane with both the urbanization and passive smoke. Lung function parameters proved significantly lower for the subjects living in the most populous city of Torino. CONCLUSION This remarks the negative effect that urbanization has on the respiratory conditions. Lastly, lung functionality presented a low inverse correlation with 15-F2t isoprostane, suggesting an independent mechanism than that of the urban factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Roberta Tassinari
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Gilli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Pazzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Mengozzi
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Pavilio Piccioni
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, National Health Service (ASL TO2), Torino, Italy
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21
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Frutos V, González-Comadrán M, Solà I, Jacquemin B, Carreras R, Checa Vizcaíno MA. Impact of air pollution on fertility: a systematic review. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015; 31:7-13. [PMID: 25212280 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.958992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution has gained considerable interest because of the multiple adverse effects reported on human health, although its impact on fertility remains unclear. A systematic search was performed to evaluate the impact of air pollutants on fertility. Controlled trials and observational studies assessing animal model and epidemiological model were included. Occupational exposure and semen quality studies were not considered. Outcomes of interest included live birth, miscarriage, clinical pregnancy, implantation, and embryo quality. Ten studies were included and divided into two groups: animal studies and human epidemiological studies including the general population as well as women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET). Results from this systematic review suggest a significant impact of air pollution on miscarriage and clinical pregnancy rates in the general population, whereas among subfertile patients certain air pollutants seem to exert a greater impact on fertility outcomes, including miscarriage and live birth rates. Besides, studies in mammals observed a clear detrimental effect on fertility outcomes associated to air pollutants at high concentration. The lack of prospective studies evaluating the effect of air pollution exposure in terms of live birth constitutes an important limitation in this review. Thus, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Frutos
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain
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Abstract
As described in a recently released report of the Forum of International Respiratory Societies, four of the leading causes of death in the world are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory tract infections, lung cancer, and tuberculosis. A fifth, asthma, causes enormous global morbidity. Not enough progress has been made in introducing new therapies and reducing disease burden for these illnesses in the last few decades, despite generous investments and some notable progress in biomedical research. Four external and modifiable drivers are responsible for a substantial percentage of the disease burden represented by the major lung diseases: tobacco, outdoor air pollution, household air pollution, and occupational exposures to lung toxins. Especially in low- and middle-income countries, but in highly developed economies as well, pressures for economic development and lax regulation are contributing to the continued proliferation of these drivers. Public health approaches to the most common lung diseases could have enormous effects on reducing morbidity and mortality. There must be increased advocacy from and mobilization of civil society to bring attention to the drivers of lung diseases in the world. The World Health Organization should negotiate accords similar to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control to address air pollution and occupational exposures. Large increases in funding by government agencies and nongovernmental organizations around the world are needed to identify technologies that will reduce health risks while allowing populations to enjoy the benefits of economic development. This paradigm, focused more on public health than on individual medical treatment, has the best chance of substantial reduction in the burden of lung disease around the world in the next several years.
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Jiang R, Jones MJ, Sava F, Kobor MS, Carlsten C. Short-term diesel exhaust inhalation in a controlled human crossover study is associated with changes in DNA methylation of circulating mononuclear cells in asthmatics. Part Fibre Toxicol 2014; 11:71. [PMID: 25487561 PMCID: PMC4268899 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in DNA methylation have been associated with traffic-related air pollution in observational studies, but the specific mechanisms and temporal dynamics therein have not been explored in a controlled study of asthmatics. In this study, we investigate short-term effects of diesel exhaust inhalation on DNA methylation levels at CpG sites across the genome in circulating blood in asthmatics. Methods A double-blind crossover study of filtered air and diesel exhaust exposures was performed on sixteen non-smoking asthmatic subjects. Blood samples were collected pre-exposure, and then 6 and 30 hours post-exposure. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA methylation was interrogated using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Array. Exposure-related changes in DNA methylation were identified. In addition, CpG sites overlapping with Alu or LINE1 repetitive elements and candidate microRNA loci were also analyzed. Results DNA methylation at 2827 CpG sites were affected by exposure to diesel exhaust but not filtered air; these sites enriched for genes involved in protein kinase and NFkB pathways. CpG sites with significant changes in response to diesel exhaust exposure primarily became less methylated, with a site residing within GSTP1 being among the significant hits. Diesel exhaust-associated change was also found for CpG sites overlapping with Alu and LINE1 elements as well as for a site within miR-21. Conclusion Short-term exposure to diesel exhaust resulted in DNA methylation changes at CpG sites residing in genes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress response, repetitive elements, and microRNA. This provides plausibility for the role of DNA methylation in pathways by which airborne particulate matter impacts gene expression and offers support for including DNA methylation analysis in future efforts to understand the interactions between environmental exposures and biological systems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-014-0071-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwei Jiang
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 950 west 28th Avenue, Vancouver, V5Z4H4, Canada.
| | - Meaghan J Jones
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 950 west 28th Avenue, Vancouver, V5Z4H4, Canada.
| | - Francesco Sava
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Chan-Yeung Centre for Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z1L9, Canada.
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, 950 west 28th Avenue, Vancouver, V5Z4H4, Canada. .,Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z3, Canada.
| | - Christopher Carlsten
- Air Pollution Exposure Laboratory, Chan-Yeung Centre for Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z1L9, Canada.
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Guo L, Byun HM, Zhong J, Motta V, Barupal J, Zheng Y, Dou C, Zhang F, McCracken JP, Diaz A, Marco SG, Colicino S, Schwartz J, Wang S, Hou L, Baccarelli AA. Effects of short-term exposure to inhalable particulate matter on DNA methylation of tandem repeats. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2014; 55:322-35. [PMID: 24436168 PMCID: PMC4426495 DOI: 10.1002/em.21838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that particulate matter (PM) increases lung cancer risk by triggering systemic inflammation, and leukocyte DNA hypomethylation. However, previous investigations focused on repeated element sequences from LINE-1 and Alu families. Tandem repeats, which display a greater propensity to mutate, and are often hypomethylated in cancer patients, have never been investigated in individuals exposed to PM. We measured methylation of three tandem repeats (SATα, NBL2, and D4Z4) by polymerase chain reaction-pyrosequencing on blood samples from truck drivers and office workers (60 per group) in Beijing, China. We used lightweight monitors to measure personal PM2.5 (PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm) and elemental carbon (a tracer of PM from vehicular traffic). Ambient PM10 data were obtained from air quality measuring stations. Overall, an interquartile increase in personal PM2.5 and ambient PM10 levels was associated with a significant covariate-adjusted decrease in SATα methylation (-1.35% 5-methyl cytosine [5mC], P = 0.01; and -1.33%5mC; P = 0.01, respectively). Effects from personal PM2.5 and ambient PM10 on SATα methylation were stronger in truck drivers (-2.34%5mC, P = 0.02; -1.44%5mC, P = 0.06) than office workers (-0.95%5mC, P = 0.26; -1.25%5mC, P = 0.12, respectively). Ambient PM10 was negatively correlated with NBL2 methylation in truck drivers (-1.38%5mC, P = 0.03) but not in office workers (1.04%5mC, P = 0.13). Our result suggests that PM exposure is associated with hypomethylation of selected tandem repeats. Measuring tandem-repeat hypomethylation in easy-to-obtain blood specimens might identify individuals with biological effects and potential cancer risk from PM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiong Guo
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Correspondence to: Liqiong Guo, Nankai University, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300071, Tel. +86(186)-9804-6908,
| | - Hyang-Min Byun
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jia Zhong
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valeria Motta
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS Foundation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jitendra Barupal
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Driskill Graduate Program (DGP) in Life Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chang Dou
- Department of Safety Engineering, China Institute of Industrial Health, Beijing, China
| | - Feiruo Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - John P. McCracken
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anaité Diaz
- Center for Health Studies, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Sanchez-Guerra Marco
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Silvia Colicino
- Center for Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS Foundation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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de Oliveira BFA, Chacra APM, Frauches TS, Vallochi A, Hacon S. A curated review of recent literature of biomarkers used for assessing air pollution exposures and effects in humans. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2014; 17:369-410. [PMID: 25495790 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2014.976893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional review of biomarkers used in air pollution research from January 2009 through December 2012. After an initial keyword search in PubMed retrieving 426 articles, a comprehensive abstract review identified 54 articles of experimental design that used biomarkers of exposure or effect in human studies in the area of air pollution research during this specified time period. A thorough bibliographic search of the included articles retrieved an additional 65 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. This review presents these 119 studies and the 234 biomarkers employed in these air pollution research investigations. Data presented are 70 biomarkers of exposure with 54% relating to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 36% volatile organic carbons, and 10% classified as other. Of the 164 biomarkers of effect, 91 and 130 were used in investigating effects of short-term and chronic exposure, respectively. Results of biomarkers used in short-term exposure describe different lag times and pollutant components such as primary and secondary pollutants, and particle number associated with corresponding physiological mechanisms including airway inflammation, neuroinflammation, ocular, metabolic, early endothelial dysfunction, coagulation, atherosclerosis, autonomic nervous system, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. The review presents three different exposure scenarios of chronic, occupational, and extreme exposure scenarios (indoor cooking) with associated biomarker findings presented in three broad categories of (1) immune profile, (2) oxidative stress, and (3) DNA damage. This review offers a representation of the scope of data being explored by air pollution researchers through the use of biomarkers and has deliberately been restricted to this particular subject rather than an extensive or in-depth review. This article provides a contextualization of air pollution studies conducted with biomarkers in human subjects in given areas while also integrating this complex body of information to offer a useful review for investigators in this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fátima Alves de Oliveira
- a Public Health and Environment Post-Graduation , National School of Public Health at Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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Contribution of lung macrophages to the inflammatory responses induced by exposure to air pollutants. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:619523. [PMID: 24058272 PMCID: PMC3766602 DOI: 10.1155/2013/619523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Large population cohort studies have indicated an association between exposure to particulate matter and cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. The inhalation of toxic environmental particles and gases impacts the innate and adaptive defense systems of the lung. Lung macrophages play a critically important role in the recognition and processing of any inhaled foreign material such as pathogens or particulate matter. Alveolar macrophages and lung epithelial cells are the predominant cells that process and remove inhaled particulate matter from the lung. Cooperatively, they produce proinflammatory mediators when exposed to atmospheric particles. These mediators produce integrated local (lung, controlled predominantly by epithelial cells) and systemic (bone marrow and vascular system, controlled predominantly by macrophages) inflammatory responses. The systemic response results in an increase in the release of leukocytes from the bone marrow and an increased production of acute phase proteins from the liver, with both factors impacting blood vessels and leading to destabilization of existing atherosclerotic plaques. This review focuses on lung macrophages and their role in orchestrating the inflammatory responses induced by exposure to air pollutants.
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Yamamoto M, Singh A, Sava F, Pui M, Tebbutt SJ, Carlsten C. MicroRNA expression in response to controlled exposure to diesel exhaust: attenuation by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine in a randomized crossover study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:670-5. [PMID: 23584289 PMCID: PMC3672916 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse health effects associated with diesel exhaust (DE) are thought to be mediated in part by oxidative stress, but the detailed mechanisms are largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and may respond to exposures such as DE. OBJECTIVES We profiled peripheral blood cellular miRNAs in participants with mild asthma who were exposed to controlled DE with and without antioxidant supplementation. METHODS Thirteen participants with asthma underwent controlled inhalation of filtered air and DE in a double-blinded, randomized crossover study of three conditions: a) DE plus placebo (DEP), b) filtered air plus placebo (FAP), or c) DE with N-acetylcysteine supplementation (DEN). Total cellular RNA was extracted from blood drawn before exposure and 6 hr after exposure for miRNA profiling by the NanoString nCounter assay. MiRNAs significantly associated with DEP exposure and a predicted target [nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2)] as well as antioxidant enzyme genes were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for validation, and we also assessed the ability of N-acetylcysteine supplementation to block the effect of DE on these specific miRNAs. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was measured in plasma as a systemic oxidative stress marker. RESULTS Expression of miR-21, miR-30e, miR-215, and miR-144 was significantly associated with DEP. The change in miR-144 was validated by RT-qPCR. NRF2 and its downstream antioxidant genes [glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)] were negatively associated with miR-144 levels. Increases in miR-144 and miR-21 were associated with plasma 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine 8-OHdG level and were blunted by antioxidant (i.e, DEN). CONCLUSIONS Systemic miRNAs with plausible biological function are altered by acute moderate-dose DE exposure. Oxidative stress appears to mediate DE-associated changes in miR-144.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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