1
|
Major MM, Valicsek Z, Horváth O. Effects of Temperature, Axial Ligand, and Photoexcitation on the Structure and Spin-State of Nickel(II) Complexes with Water-Soluble 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin. Molecules 2024; 29:310. [PMID: 38257224 PMCID: PMC10818337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Water-soluble metalloporphyrins, depending on the metal center, possess special spectral, coordination, and photochemical features. In nickel(II) porphyrins, the Ni(II) center can occur with low-spin or high-spin electronic configuration. In aqueous solution, the cationic nickel(II) complex (Ni(II)TMPyP4+, where H2TMPyP4+ = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin), exists in both forms in equilibrium. In this study, an equilibrium system involving the low-spin and high-spin forms of Ni(II)TMPyP4+ was investigated via application of irradiation, temperature change, and various potential axial ligands. Soret band excitation of this aqueous system, in the absence of additional axial ligands, resulted in a shift in the equilibrium toward the low-spin species due to the removal of axial solvent ligands. The kinetics and the thermodynamics of the processes were also studied via determination of the rate and equilibrium constants, as well as the ΔS, ΔH, and ΔG values. Temperature increase had a similar effect. The equilibrium of the spin isomers was also shifted by decreasing the solvent polarity (using n-propanol) as well as by the addition of a stronger coordinating axial ligand (such as ammonia). Since triethanolamine is an efficient electron donor in Ni(II)TMPyP4+-based photocatalytic systems, its interaction with this metalloporphyin was also studied. The results promote the development of efficient photocatalytic systems based on this complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ottó Horváth
- Research Group of Environmental and Inorganic Photochemistry, Center for Natural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary; (M.M.M.); (Z.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Emmanuel MA, Bender SG, Bilodeau C, Carceller JM, DeHovitz JS, Fu H, Liu Y, Nicholls BT, Ouyang Y, Page CG, Qiao T, Raps FC, Sorigué DR, Sun SZ, Turek-Herman J, Ye Y, Rivas-Souchet A, Cao J, Hyster TK. Photobiocatalytic Strategies for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:5459-5520. [PMID: 37115521 PMCID: PMC10905417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis has revolutionized chemical synthesis, providing sustainable methods for preparing various organic molecules. In enzyme-mediated organic synthesis, most reactions involve molecules operating from their ground states. Over the past 25 years, there has been an increased interest in enzymatic processes that utilize electronically excited states accessed through photoexcitation. These photobiocatalytic processes involve a diverse array of reaction mechanisms that are complementary to one another. This comprehensive review will describe the state-of-the-art strategies in photobiocatalysis for organic synthesis until December 2022. Apart from reviewing the relevant literature, a central goal of this review is to delineate the mechanistic differences between the general strategies employed in the field. We will organize this review based on the relationship between the photochemical step and the enzymatic transformations. The review will include mechanistic studies, substrate scopes, and protein optimization strategies. By clearly defining mechanistically-distinct strategies in photobiocatalytic chemistry, we hope to illuminate future synthetic opportunities in the area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Emmanuel
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Sophie G Bender
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Catherine Bilodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jose M Carceller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Institute of Chemical Technology (ITQ), Universitat Politècnica de València, València 46022,Spain
| | - Jacob S DeHovitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Haigen Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Bryce T Nicholls
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Claire G Page
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Tianzhang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Felix C Raps
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Damien R Sorigué
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies, BIAM Cadarache, 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Shang-Zheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Joshua Turek-Herman
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yuxuan Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ariadna Rivas-Souchet
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jingzhe Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Todd K Hyster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dang YL, Xie LX, Fei NN, Qiao R, Cao ZQ, Liu LJ, Liu GX, Zheng X, Ren YL, Sheng X, Guo SQ, Niu CY. Investigating the sensitization of the ytterbium(III) NIR emission by non-sandwich type Yb(III)-porphyrin coordination compounds. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
|
4
|
Boscencu R, Radulea N, Manda G, Machado IF, Socoteanu RP, Lupuliasa D, Burloiu AM, Mihai DP, Ferreira LFV. Porphyrin Macrocycles: General Properties and Theranostic Potential. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031149. [PMID: 36770816 PMCID: PMC9919320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite specialists' efforts to find the best solutions for cancer diagnosis and therapy, this pathology remains the biggest health threat in the world. Global statistics concerning deaths associated with cancer are alarming; therefore, it is necessary to intensify interdisciplinary research in order to identify efficient strategies for cancer diagnosis and therapy, by using new molecules with optimal therapeutic potential and minimal adverse effects. This review focuses on studies of porphyrin macrocycles with regard to their structural and spectral profiles relevant to their applicability in efficient cancer diagnosis and therapy. Furthermore, we present a critical overview of the main commercial formulations, followed by short descriptions of some strategies approached in the development of third-generation photosensitizers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Natalia Radulea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- “Victor Babeş” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Isabel Ferreira Machado
- Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
- BSIRG—Biospectroscopy and Interfaces Research Group, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico and Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Radu Petre Socoteanu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Mihaela Burloiu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Dragos Paul Mihai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luis Filipe Vieira Ferreira
- BSIRG—Biospectroscopy and Interfaces Research Group, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico and Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mollaeva MR, Yabbarov N, Sokol M, Chirkina M, Mollaev MD, Zabolotskii A, Seregina I, Bolshov M, Kaplun A, Nikolskaya E. Optimization, Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Study of Meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin Metal Complex-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12261. [PMID: 34830136 PMCID: PMC8618356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of technological parameters for nanoparticle formulation represents a complicated development phase. Therefore, the statistical analysis based on Box-Behnken methodology is widely used to optimize technological processes, including poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle formulation. In this study, we applied a two-level three-factor design to optimize the preparation of nanoparticles loaded with cobalt (CoTPP), manganese (MnClTPP), and nickel (NiTPP) metalloporphyrins (MeP). The resulting nanoparticles were examined by dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, MTT test, and hemolytic activity assay. The optimized model of nanoparticle formulation was validated, and the obtained nanoparticles possessed a spherical shape and physicochemical characteristics enabling them to deliver MeP in cancer cells. In vitro hemolysis assay revealed high safety of the formulated MeP-loaded nanoparticles. The MeP release demonstrated a biphasic profile and release mechanism via Fick diffusion, according to release exponent values. Formulated MeP-loaded nanoparticles revealed significant antitumor activity and ability to generate reactive oxygen species. MnClTPP- and CoTPP-nanoparticles specifically accumulated in tissues, preventing wide tissue distribution caused by long-term circulation of the hydrophobic drug. Our results suggest that MnClTPP- and CoTPP-nanoparticles represent the greatest potential for utilization in in anticancer therapy due to their effectiveness and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariia R. Mollaeva
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
- JSC Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117149 Moscow, Russia; (M.D.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Nikita Yabbarov
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
- JSC Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117149 Moscow, Russia; (M.D.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Maria Sokol
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
- JSC Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117149 Moscow, Russia; (M.D.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Margarita Chirkina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
- JSC Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117149 Moscow, Russia; (M.D.M.); (A.Z.)
| | - Murad D. Mollaev
- JSC Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117149 Moscow, Russia; (M.D.M.); (A.Z.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artur Zabolotskii
- JSC Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117149 Moscow, Russia; (M.D.M.); (A.Z.)
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (I.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Irina Seregina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (I.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Mikhail Bolshov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (I.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Alexander Kaplun
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119454 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elena Nikolskaya
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.Y.); (M.S.); (M.C.)
- JSC Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117149 Moscow, Russia; (M.D.M.); (A.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fodor MA, Szabó P, Lendvay G, Horváth O. Characterization of the UV-Visible absorption spectra of manganese(III) porphyrins with time-dependent density functional theory calculations. Z PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2020-1787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Mn(III) porphyrins display a unique UV–Vis spectrum: compared to the free-base and other metalloporphyrins, a strong red shift of the Soret-band and several extra bands can be observed in their spectra. To understand this behavior, we have recorded the UV–Vis spectra of differently substituted water-soluble Mn(III) porphyrins and conducted extensive theoretical investigations using time-dependent density functional theory. The calculated optical transitions, using the O3LYP functional, agree well with the measured absorption bands. According to the spectral interpretation, the Soret-band involves a mixture of L–L and ligand-to-metal charge transfer excitations, while the Q-bands and the higher-energy bands in the UV region correspond to pure LMCT as well as to ligand to metal-ligand mixed orbital excitations. The impact of the explicit and implicit water solvent on the spectral features is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A. Fodor
- Center for Natural Sciences, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry , University of Pannonia , Egyetem u. 10 , H-8200 , Veszprém , Hungary
| | - Péter Szabó
- Department of Physics and Material Science , University of Luxembourg , L-1511 , Luxembourg City , Luxembourg
| | - György Lendvay
- Center for Natural Sciences, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry , University of Pannonia , Egyetem u. 10 , H-8200 , Veszprém , Hungary
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2 , H-1117 , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Ottó Horváth
- Center for Natural Sciences, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry , University of Pannonia , Egyetem u. 10 , H-8200 , Veszprém , Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Akbarzadeh AR, Nekoeifard M, Rahmatollah R, Keshavarz MH. Two spectral QSPR models of porphyrin macromolecules for chelating heavy metals and different ligands released from industrial solvents: CH 2Cl 2, CHCl 3 and toluene. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 31:347-371. [PMID: 32460542 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2020.1747534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two simple and reliable correlations are introduced for the prediction of emission and absorption of porphyrins and their derivatives, i.e. metalloporphyrins and ligand coordinated metalloporphyrins. They can be used to sense the extracted precious metals. The proposed models require only simple structural parameters such as the number of carbon, metal and metal-free molecular fragments of desirable porphyrins or their derivatives. Since the proposed models depend on molecular structures of the desired compounds, they can be easily applied for complex molecular structures. Experimental data of 272 porphyrin derivatives were used to derive and test the novel models for the assessment of their emission (Em.) and absorption (Abs.) values in three solvents namely dichloromethane, toluene and chloroform. The values of the coefficients of determination (r 2) for the training set (183 compounds) in dichloromethane and three different test sets, corresponding to the three mentioned solvents, for the emission and absorption correlations were greater than 0.70. The calculated values of the root-mean-square error (RMSE) for the training sets of Em. and Abs. correlations were equal to 7.56 and 4.86 nm, respectively. Further statistical parameters also confirm the high reliability of the new models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A R Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology , Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - M Nekoeifard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology , Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - R Rahmatollah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology , Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - M H Keshavarz
- Department of Chemistry, Malek-ashtar University of Technology , Shahin-shahr, Islamic Republic of Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Mandal T, Das S, De Sarkar S. Nickel(II) Tetraphenylporphyrin as an Efficient Photocatalyst Featuring Visible Light Promoted Dual Redox Activities. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanumoy Mandal
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal India
| | - Sanju Das
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur- 741246, West Bengal India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Formation, Photophysics, and Photochemistry of Anionic Lanthanide(III) Mono- and Bisporphyrins. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071309. [PMID: 30987150 PMCID: PMC6480351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since water-soluble porphyrin complexes of lanthanides(III) have proved to be promising for medical applications (e.g., luminescence imaging, photodynamic therapy, and theranostics), the investigation of the formation, photophysical, and photochemical properties of such coordination compounds provides useful pieces of information for their potential usage. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorometry, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and continuous-wave photolysis were utilized for this purpose. 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin formed mono- and bisporphyrin complexes with samarium(III), europium(III), and gadolinium(III) as representatives in the middle of the lanthanide series. The special photoinduced behavior of these compounds was mostly determined by the position of the metal center, which was located out of the ligand plane, thus distorting it. Besides, the photochemical and, especially, photophysical features of the corresponding mono- and bisporphyrin complexes were similar because, in the latter species, two monoporphyrins were connected by a weak metal bridge between the peripheral sulfonato substituents (tail-to-tail dimerization). The formation of these coordination compounds and the transformation reactions between the mono- and bisporphyrins were rather slow in the dark at room temperature. These processes were accelerated by visible irradiation. However, dissociation and, especially, redox degradation were the main photoreactions in these systems, although with low quantum yields. Additionally, depending on the excitation wavelength, new types of photoproducts were also detected.
Collapse
|
11
|
Imran M, Ramzan M, Qureshi AK, Khan MA, Tariq M. Emerging Applications of Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins in Biomedicine and Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Imaging. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8040095. [PMID: 30347683 PMCID: PMC6316340 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, scientific advancements have constantly increased at a significant rate in the field of biomedical science. Keeping this in view, the application of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins in the field of biomedical science is gaining substantial importance. Porphyrins are the most widely studied tetrapyrrole-based compounds because of their important roles in vital biological processes. The cavity of porphyrins containing four pyrrolic nitrogens is well suited for the binding majority of metal ions to form metalloporphyrins. Porphyrins and metalloporphyrins possess peculiar photochemical, photophysical, and photoredox properties which are tunable through structural modifications. Their beneficial photophysical properties, such as the long wavelength of emission and absorption, high singlet oxygen quantum yield, and low in vivo toxicity, have drawn scientists' interest to discover new dimensions in the biomedical field. Applications of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins have been pursued in the perspective of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer, bio-imaging, and other biomedical applications. This review discusses photophysics and the photochemistry of porphyrins and their metal complexes. Secondly, it explains the current developments and mode of action for contrast agents for MRI. Moreover, the application of porphyrin and metalloporphyrin-based molecules as a photosensitizer in PDT of cancer, the mechanism of the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), factors that determine the efficiency of PDT, and the developments to improve this technology are delineated. The last part explores the most recent research and developments on metalloporphyrin-based materials in bio-imaging, drug delivery, and the determination of ferrochelatase in bone marrow indicating their prospective clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-Ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ramzan
- Department of Physics, Baghdad-Ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmad Kaleem Qureshi
- Department of Chemistry, Baghdad-Ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Azhar Khan
- Department of Physics, Baghdad-Ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yamamoto T, Mitsuno K, Mori S, Itoyama S, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Ishida M, Furuta H. Two Discrete RuCp* (Cp*=Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) Binding Modes of N-Confused Porphyrins: Peripheral π Complex and Sitting Atop Ruthenocenophane Complex by Skeletal Transformation. Chemistry 2018. [PMID: 29532964 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Complexation of a RuCp* cation with N-confused tetraarylporphyrins (NCPs) forms directly bound ruthenium(II) pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) π-complex on a specific meso-aryl group (e.g., phenyl) neighboring peripheral imino nitrogen of NCPs in high yields. In contrast, in the case of NCPs bearing bulky meso-substituents (e.g., 3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl), new ruthenocenophane-like complex embedded on an N-confused calix[4]phyrin was formed through multiple C-H bond activation of methyl groups of Cp* ligand. The mechanistic insight into the formation of the ruthenocenophane was derived from DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koki Mitsuno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shuhei Itoyama
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Intrieri D, Damiano C, Rizzato S, Paolesse R, Venanzi M, Monti D, Savioli M, Stefanelli M, Gallo E. Sensing of diclofenac by a porphyrin-based artificial receptor. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02737d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a porphyrin chemosensor is here reported as well as its sensing activity in detecting the emerging pollutant diclofenac with an overall 1 : 1 binding constant of about 105 M−1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia Rizzato
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Milan
- 20133 Milan
- Italy
| | - Roberto Paolesse
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies
- University of Roma Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Mariano Venanzi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies
- University of Roma Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Donato Monti
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies
- University of Roma Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Marco Savioli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies
- University of Roma Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Manuela Stefanelli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies
- University of Roma Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Emma Gallo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Milan
- 20133 Milan
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dey S, Dewey JR, Wayland BB, Zdilla MJ. Synthesis of a tethered dibenzotetramethyltetraaza[14]annulene macrocycle and the di-nickel( ii) derivative. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03154a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective reaction of 2,6-isophthaloyl chloride at the methine positions of two dibenzotetramethyltetraaza[14]annulene (tmtaa) units results in tethering of the macrocycles by either one or two 2,6-isophthaloyl bridging groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumyajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry
- Temple University
- 1901 N. 13th Street
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Jacob R. Dewey
- Department of Chemistry
- Temple University
- 1901 N. 13th Street
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | | | - Michael J. Zdilla
- Department of Chemistry
- Temple University
- 1901 N. 13th Street
- Philadelphia
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Y, Sun J, Zhang H, Zhao Z, Liu W. Tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin for efficient cofactor regeneration under visible light and its immobilization. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00320c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
TCPP was successfully used for visible light-driven NADH regeneration with a high yield of 81.5% and its immobilization was attempted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Haohai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Zhiping Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 102488
- China
| | - Wenfang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 102488
- China
| |
Collapse
|