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Guo B, Wang D, Wang M, Tang Y. Carbon dots-based dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent sensors for fluorescence and visual detection of hypochlorite and Cu 2. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124516. [PMID: 38796893 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) with blue emission were synthesized by solvothermal method using hydroquinone and 5-aminoisphthalic acid as precursors. The strong oxidation of ClO- caused the fluorescence quenching of CDs at 405 nm, and synchronously generated a new emission peak at 500 nm. Furthermore, upon the addition of Cu2+ to CDs-ClO- system, the green fluorescence at 500 nm was quenched, while the blue emission at 405 nm remained unchanged, due to the complexation between Cu2+ and the amino group on the CDs surface. Meanwhile, the fluorescence color of system changed from blue to bright green and then to dark blue by sequentially increasing the concentrations of ClO- and Cu2+. The fluorescence signal of F500/F405 exhibited a linear relationship with the concentration of ClO- and Cu2+ in a certain range, respectively. Thus, a ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on the obtained CDs were developed to sequentially detect ClO- and Cu2+ with detection limits of 0.40 μM and 0.31 μM, respectively. Additionally, the CDs were mixed with polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel to form test strips, which were successfully used for visual detection of ClO- and Cu2+. Satisfactory results were also obtained in the analysis of ClO- and Cu2+ in actual water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Dinghai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Minhui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yecang Tang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Wuhu 241000, China.
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2
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Deng K, Guo H, Li X, Li T, Di T, Ma R, Lei D, Zhang Y, Wang J, Kong W. Two swords combination: Smartphone-assisted ratiometric fluorescent and paper sensors for dual-mode detection of glyphosate in edible malt. Food Chem 2024; 454:139744. [PMID: 38797096 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The long-term and excessive use of glyphosate (GLY) in diverse matrices has caused serious hazard to the human and environment. However, the ultrasensitive detection of GLY still remains challenging. In this study, the smartphone-assisted dual-signal mode ratiometric fluorescent and paper sensors based on the red-emissive gold nanoclusters (R-AuNCs) and blue-emissive carbon dots (B-CDs) were ingeniously designed accurate and sensitive detection of GLY. Upon the presence of GLY, it would quench the fluorescence of B-CDs through dynamic quenching effect, and strengthen the fluorescence response of R-AuNCs due to aggregation-induced enhancement effect. Through calculating the GLY-induced fluorescence intensity ratio of B-CDs to R-AuNCs by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer, low to 0.218 μg/mL of GLY could be detected in lab in a wide concentration range of 0.3-12 μg/mL with high recovery of 94.7-103.1% in the spiked malt samples. The smartphone-assisted ratiometric fluorescent sensor achieved in the 96-well plate could monitor 0-11 μg/mL of GLY with satisfactory recovery of 94.1-107.0% in real edible malt matrices for high-throughput analysis. In addition, a portable smartphone-assisted ratiometric paper sensor established through directly depositing the combined B-CDs/R-AuNCs probes on the test strip could realize on-site measurement of 2-8 μg/mL of GLY with good linear relationship. This study provides new insights into developing the dual-signal ratiometric sensing platforms for the in-lab sensitive detection, high-throughput analysis, and on-site portable measurement of more trace contaminants in foods, clinical and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Haipeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xueying Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Te Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tingting Di
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Runran Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Doudou Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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3
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Luo J, Lei Y, Ge Q, Liu M, Jiang N, Huang YH, Cong H, Zhao JL. Carbon quantum dots from hemicucur[6]bit and the application for the detection of Pb 2. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 317:124459. [PMID: 38749202 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
A macrocyclic compound, hemicucurbit[6]uril (HemiQ[6]), is employed as the carbon source to produce a novel sort of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with blue fluorescence in aqueous solution. The CQDs are fully identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), zeta potential, ultraviolet/visible (UV-vis) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The nanomaterial is developed for the analysis of Pb2+ in the light of the Resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) changes with the increasing Pb2+ concentration. The proposed probe emerges a high selectivity to Pb2+ and excellent sensitivity in the linear concentration range of 0-6 μM with a detection limit low to 0.42 μM, which is superior to the previous values of Pb2+ sensors, as well as the good anti-interference ability is confirmed by the specifical response to Pb2+ in the presence of other metal cations. Therefore, the proposed analysis of Pb2+ is explored for the application in real samples of tap water and lake water, in satisfied results of acceptable recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Luo
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yao Lei
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingmei Ge
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mao Liu
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yin-Hui Huang
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Hang Cong
- Enterprise Technology Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Jiang-Lin Zhao
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519080, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Guo W, Ji M, Li Y, Qian M, Qin Y, Li W, Nie H, Lv W, Jiang G, Huang R, Lin C, Li H, Huang R. Iron ions-sequestrable and antioxidative carbon dot-based nano-formulation with nitric oxide release for Parkinson's disease treatment. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122622. [PMID: 38797119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Nondestructive penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to specifically prevent iron deposition and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) shows great potential for treating Parkinson's disease (PD). However, effective agents with distinct mechanisms of action remain scarce. Herein, a N-doping carbon dot (CD) emitting red light was prepared, which can sacrifice ROS and produce nitric oxide (NO) owing to its surface N-involved groups conjugated to the sp2-hybrided π-system. Meanwhile, CD can chelate iron ions, thus depressing the catalytic Fe cycle and *OH detaching to inhibit the Fenton reaction. By modifying lactoferrin (Lf) via polyethylene glycol (PEG), the resulting CD-PEG-Lf (CPL) can nondestructively cross the BBB, targeting the dopaminergic neurons via both NO-mediated reversible BBB opening and Lf receptor-mediated transportation. Accordingly, it can serve as an antioxidant, reducing oxidative stress via its unique iron chelation, free radical sacrificing, and synergy with iron reflux prevention originating from Lf. Thus, it can significantly reduce brain inflammation and improve the behavioral performance of PD mice. Additionally, CPL can image the PD via its red fluorescence. Finally, this platform can be metabolized out of the brain through cerebrospinal fluid circulation without causing obvious side effects, promising a robust treatment for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Min Ji
- Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Shanghai Yangpu District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Min Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanhui Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenshuai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huifang Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenxin Lv
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Guangwei Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chenteng Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rongqin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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5
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Ma Y, Mao L, Cui C, Hu Y, Chen Z, Zhan Y, Zhang Y. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots as fluorescent probes for sensitive and selective determination of Fe 3. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 316:124347. [PMID: 38678843 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
At present, the contamination of water resources by heavy metal ions has posed a significant threat to human survival. Therefore, it is particularly critical to develop low-cost, easy-to-use, and highly efficient heavy metal detection technologies. In this work, a fast and cost-effective fluorescent probe for nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) was prepared using one-step hydrothermal method with citric acid (CA) as carbon source, and melamine as nitrogen source. The structural and optical characterizations of the resulting N-CDs were investigated in details. The results showed that the quantum yield of the prepared fluorescent probe was as high as 45 %, and an average fluorescence lifetime was about 7.80 ns. N-CDs have excellent water solubility and dispersibility, with an average size of 2.58 nm. N-CDs exhibited excellent specific responsiveness to Fe3+ and can be used as an effective method for detecting Fe3+ at low-concentrations (the concentrations of N-CDs as low as 0.24 μg/mL) using fluorescent probes. The linear response of the fluorescent probe N-CDs to Fe3+ was formed in the concentration range of 20-80 μM, and the detection limit was 3.18 μM. In addition, in the actual water samples analysis, the recovery rate reached 97.05-100.58 %. The prepared of N-CDs provide available Fe3+ fluorescent probes in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ma
- Ministry-of- Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Linhan Mao
- Ministry-of- Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Congcong Cui
- Ministry-of- Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Ministry-of- Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhaoxia Chen
- Ministry-of- Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Ministry-of- Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Ministry-of- Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
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6
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Hao Y, Ji F, Li T, Tian M, Han X, Chai F. Portable smartphone platform utilizing AIE-featured carbon dots for multivariate visual detection for Cu 2+, Hg 2+ and BSA in real samples. Food Chem 2024; 446:138843. [PMID: 38422643 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals cause serious toxic threats to both environment and human health. The multivariate, instrument-free, portable, and rapid detection strategy is crucial for determination of heavy metals. Herein, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) featured carbon dots (SN-CDs) were fabricated hydrothermally by optimizing co-doping precursors. With bright yellow emission at 560 nm, the SN-CDs were utilized for multivariate sensing Cu2+, Hg2+ and bovine serum albumin (BSA) based on AIE behavior and static quenching effect, with detection limits of 0.46 μmol·L-1, 25.8 nmol·L-1 and 1.52 μmol·L-1. A portable smartphone platform was constructed to enable portable, prompt, and sensitive analysis for Cu2+, Hg2+, and BSA via different strategies in real water and food samples with satisfied recovery. Moreover, a logic gate circuit was designed to provide the possibilities for utilization of intelligent facility. The proposed AIE SN-CDs possessing great contribution in preferable sensing performance, present promising prospects in real-time monitoring of environment and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fangyan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xu Han
- College of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Fang Chai
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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7
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Gao P, Zhong W, Li T, Liu W, Zhou L. Room temperature, ultrafast and one-step synthesis of highly fluorescent sulfur quantum dots probe and their logic gate operation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 666:221-231. [PMID: 38598995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The direct and rapid conversion of abundant and cheap elemental sulfur into fluorescent sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) at room temperature is a critical and urgent challenge. Conventional synthesis methods require high temperatures, high pressures, or specific atmospheric conditions, making them complex and impractical for real applications. Herein, we propose a simple method for synthesizing SQDs simply by adding H2O2 to an elemental sulfur-ethylenediamine (S-EDA) solution at room temperature. Remarkably, within a mere 10 min, SQDs with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 23.6 % can be obtained without the need for additional steps. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanism has demonstrated that H2O2 is capable of converting Sx2- ions generated in the S-EDA solution into zero-valent sulfur atoms through oxidation. The obtained SQDs can be utilized as a fluorescent probe for detection of tetracycline (TC) and Ca2+ ions with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.137 μM and 0.386 μM respectively. Moreover, we have developed a sensitive logic gate sensor based on SQDs, harnessing the activated cascade effect to create an intelligent probe for monitoring trace levels of TC and Ca2+ ions. This paper not only presents a viable approach for ultrafast and scalable synthesis of SQDs at room temperature, but also contributes to the efficient utilization of elemental sulfur resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Weiheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Tengbao Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomedical Polymer Materials, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomedical Polymer Materials, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
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8
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Yuan L, Shao C, Zhang Q, Webb E, Zhao X, Lu S. Biomass-derived carbon dots as emerging visual platforms for fluorescent sensing. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118610. [PMID: 38442811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) are non-toxic and fluorescently stable, making them suitable for extensive application in fluorescence sensing. The use of cheap and renewable materials not only improves the utilization rate of waste resources, but it is also drawing increasing attention to and interest in the production of biomass-derived CDs. Visual fluorescence detection based on CDs is the focus of current research. This method offers high sensitivity and accuracy and can be used for rapid and accurate determination under complex conditions. This paper describes the biomass precursors of CDs, including plants, animal remains and microorganisms. The factors affecting the use of CDs as fluorescent probes are also discussed, and a brief overview of enhancements made to the preparation process of CDs is provided. In addition, the application prospects and challenges related to biomass-derived CDs are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China
| | - Congying Shao
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China
| | - Erin Webb
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, United States
| | - Xianhui Zhao
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, United States.
| | - Shun Lu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
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9
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Wang L, Xu S, Chen J, Li R, Chen Q, Chen X. Ratiometric fluorescence method comprising carbon dots and rhodamine 6G encapsulated in metal-organic framework microcubes for curcumin detection. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:337. [PMID: 38777890 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
A ratiometric fluorescence method comprising carbon dots (CDs) and rhodamine 6G (Rh-6G) encapsulated in the microcubes of metal-organic framework (MOF-5) is introduced for the sensitive detection of curcumin (Cur) in condiments. CDs@MOF-5@Rh-6G, synthesized by the adsorption of Rh-6G on MOF-5 embedded with CDs, showed two distinct emission peaks at 435 and 560 nm under excitation at 335 nm, and could be used for Cur detection by ratiometric fluorescence. In the presence of Cur, the fluorescence of the CDs at 435 nm (F435) was quenched by Cur owing to internal filtering and dynamic quenching effects, whereas the emission of Rh-6G at 560 nm (F560) remained unchanged (335 nm is the excitation wavelength, 435 and 560 nm are the emission wavelengths, in which F435/F560 values are used as the output results). Under optimal conditions, a linear relationship was observed between the Cur concentration (in the range 0.1-5 μmol/L) and F435/F560 value for CDs@MOF-5@Rh-6G, with a detection limit of 15 nmol/L. Notably, the proposed method could accurately detect Cur in mustard, curry, and red pepper powders. Therefore, this study could improve the quality control of food and facilitate the development of sensitive ratiometric fluorescence probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shifen Xu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Rundong Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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10
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Xu J, Yang W, Liu Y. An innovative carbon dots polarity probe based on intramolecular charge-transfer for visual monitoring of the total polar materials in frying oil. Food Chem 2024; 455:139770. [PMID: 38823139 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The presence of Total Polar Materials (TPM) in edible oils is a crucial indicator for assessing oil quality. It is of paramount importance to develop a rapid and dependable technique for monitoring polarity in frying oil. Sensitive polarity responsive fluorescence carbon dots (F-CDs) were synthesized by using p-phenylenediamine as precursors and 2-formylphenylboronic acid pinacol ester (2-FAPE) as a post-modifier. The construction of the fluorescent probe F-CDs involved a strong intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) mechanism, with 2-FAPE serving as the electron-withdrawing fluorophore and the π-conjugated structure acting as a potent electron-donating group. A strong linear relationship was observed between the emission wavelength and the TPM value of frying oil within a range of 11% to 30%. Notably, the fluorescence color of the probe transitioned from blue to yellow under UV light at 365 nm as the TMP value increased. This study expands the range of sensing applications for CDs in food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Future Food (Bai Ma) Research Institute, 111 Baima Road, Nanjing 211200, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Basak M, Das G. Fluorescent Sensors for Tetracycline Detection in Aqueous Medium: A Mini-Review. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400406. [PMID: 38757796 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Tetracycline (TC) is a commonly used antibiotic in human therapy and animal husbandry. Public concerns about TC residues inflated due to their negative impact on the environment, food, and human health concerns. To ensure human health and safety, there is a need for fluorogenic chemosensors that can easily detect TC antibiotics with high selectivity and sensitivity in the aqueous medium. This mini-review discusses the progress and achievements in several fluorometric antibiotic tetracycline detection methods. Fluorogenic chemosensors for tetracycline antibiotics with easy-to-use, high selectivity, and sensitivity have been essentially required to regulate food safety and secure human health and safety. Moreover, we gave more attention to the practical applicability of chemosensors for tetracycline antibiotics in food and water quality assessment. This article starts with a section that constitutes an overview of the problems of antibiotics and the typical features of traditional techniques of antibiotic detection. It then goes on to describe up-to-date optical methods for the selective detection and efficient removal of TC. These methods involve a variety of platforms, like tetraphenylethylene polymers, metal complexes, self-assembled CuNCs, and hydrogel. The article also discusses the practical applicability of chemosensors for tetracycline antibiotics in food and water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Basak
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Gopal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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12
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He Y, Wang H, Yan Y, Jiang X, Zou H, Zhang Z. Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots for ultrasensitive detection of anticancer drug gefitinib based on IFE. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123942. [PMID: 38277783 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Gefitinib, a highly significant antitumor drug, is now commonly employed in clinical settings as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancer. Herein, a convenient, rapid, and accurate fluorescence method based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) was designed for ultrasensitive detection of gefitinib. The NCDs were easily synthesized through one-pot hydrothermal process using p-phenylenediamine and D-glutamic acid as the precursors. The sensing strategy relied on the fluorescence of NCDs at 345 nm, which was selectively reduced by gefitinib based on the inner filter effect (IFE). With a broad linear range of 0.025-30 μg/mL and a low limit of detection of 5.5 ng/mL, the probe was successfully applied to the detection of gefitinib in human serum samples, demonstrating strong practicality, affordability, and high accuracy. The proposed sensor is simple in design, fast in detection and cost-effective, and exhibits promising application in drug real-time analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin He
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hanting Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuting Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinhui Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hecun Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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13
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Liu Y, Xu Y, Wen Q. Carbon dots for staining bacterial dead cells and distinguishing dead/alive bacteria. Anal Biochem 2024; 687:115432. [PMID: 38113980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The small molecular dyes such as propidium iodide (PI) always suffer from photo-bleaching and potential toxicity. To tackle the problems, a type of nontoxic carbon dots (CDs) was obtained for dead/alive bacterial distinguishing. This kind of carbon dots has an average size of 1.91 nm and owns carboxyl groups, emerging as excellent candidates for imaging bacterial cells. The negative charges of carboxyl groups lead their avoidance of alive cells while their small size facilitates penetration of dead cells. This kind of nontoxic CDs has effectively differentiated between and alive ones, presenting a highly promising green dye comparing with traditional small molecular dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qin Wen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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14
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Chen J, Tan J, Liang P, Wu C, Hou Z, Shen K, Lei B, Hu C, Zhang X, Zhuang J, Sun L, Liu Y, Zheng M. Dynamic Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Silane-Functionalized Carbon Dots Confining within Silica for Anti-Counterfeiting Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306323. [PMID: 38039497 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials with long-lived, excitation-dependent, and time-dependent phosphorescence are highly desirable but very hard to achieve. Herein, this work reports a rational strategy of multiple wavelength excitation and time-dependent dynamic RTP color by confining silane-functionalized carbon dots (CDs) in a silica matrix (Si-CDs@SiO2). The Si-CDs@SiO2 possesses unique green-light-excitation and a change in phosphorescence color from yellow to green. A slow-decaying phosphorescence at 500 nm with a lifetime of 1.28 s and a fast-decaying phosphorescence at 580 nm with a lifetime of 0.90 s are observed under 365 nm of irradiation, which originated from multiple surface triplet states of the Si-CDs@SiO2. Given the unique dynamic RTP properties, the Si-CDs@SiO2 are demonstrated for applications in fingerprint recognition and multidimensional dynamic information encryption. These findings will open an avenue to explore dynamic phosphorescent materials and significantly broaden their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Jieqiang Tan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Caijuan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zaili Hou
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Kuangyu Shen
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chaofan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xuejie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianle Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Luyi Sun
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mingtao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
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15
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Ji X, Wang N, Wang J, Wang T, Huang X, Hao H. Non-destructive real-time monitoring and investigation of the self-assembly process using fluorescent probes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3800-3830. [PMID: 38487216 PMCID: PMC10935763 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06527h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly has been considered as a strategy to construct superstructures with specific functions, which has been widely used in many different fields, such as bionics, catalysis, and pharmacology. A detailed and in-depth analysis of the self-assembly mechanism is beneficial for directionally and accurately regulating the self-assembly process of substances. Fluorescent probes exhibit unique advantages of sensitivity, non-destructiveness, and real-time self-assembly tracking, compared with traditional methods. In this work, the design principle of fluorescent probes with different functions and their applications for the detection of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters during the self-assembly process were systematically reviewed. Their efficiency, limitations and advantages are also discussed. Furthermore, the promising perspectives of fluorescent probes for investigating the self-assembly process are also discussed and suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongtao Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Na Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Jingkang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
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16
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Dai C, Ge W, Li T, Kong X, Tian M, Niu J. Single Fluorescent Probe for Multiple Tasks: Illuminating Lipid Droplets and Lysosomes in Dual Channels and Distinguishing Autophagy and Apoptosis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4013-4022. [PMID: 38426215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) and lysosomes play key roles in autophagy and cell apoptosis, and the discriminative visualization of the two organelles and simultaneously of autophagy and apoptosis is very helpful to understand their internal relationships. However, fluorescent probes that can concurrently achieve these tasks are not available currently. Herein, we delicately fabricate a robust probe CAQ2 for multiple tasks: illumination of LDs and lysosomes in dual emission colors as well as discriminative visualization of cell apoptosis and autophagy. The probe exhibited both lipophilic and basic properties and displayed different emission colors in neutral and protonated forms; thus, LDs and lysosomes emitted blue and red fluorescence colors, respectively. Because of the lysosomal acidification during autophagy, CAQ2 detected autophagy with evidently enhanced red emission. Because of the lysosomal alkalization during apoptosis, CAQ2 imaged apoptosis with a drastically decreased red fluorescence intensity. With the robust probe, the autophagy under starvation and lipidless conditions was visualized, and the apoptosis induced by H2O2, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and rotenone treatment was successfully observed. The efficient detoxification of Na2S against rotenone treatment was successfully revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Wei Ge
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Xiuqi Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Minggang Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China
| | - Jie Niu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
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17
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Chen G, Xu J, Ma S, Ji X, Carney JB, Wang C, Gao X, Chen P, Fan B, Chen J, Yue Y, James TD. Visual monitoring of biocatalytic processes using small molecular fluorescent probes: strategies-mechanisms-applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2716-2731. [PMID: 38353179 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05626k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of biocatalytic-based processes is significantly improved and simplified when they can be visualized. Visual monitoring can be achieved by integrating a fluorescent unit with the biocatalyst. Herein, we outline the design strategies of fluorescent probes for monitoring biocatalysis: (1) probes for monitoring biocatalytic transfer: γ-glutamine is linked to the fluorophore as both a recognition group and for intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) inhibition; the probe is initially in an off state and is activated via the transfer of the γ-glutamine group and the release of the free amino group, which results in restoration of the "Donor-π-Acceptor" (D-π-A) system and fluorescence recovery. (2) Probes for monitoring biocatalytic oxidation: a propylamine is connected to the fluorophore as a recognition group, which cages the hydroxyl group, leading to the inhibition of ICT; propylamine is oxidized and subsequently β-elimination occurs, resulting in exposure of the hydroxyl group and fluorescence recovery. (3) Probes for monitoring biocatalytic reduction: a nitro group attached to a fluorophore as a fluorescence quenching group, this is converted to an amino group by catalytic reduction, resulting in fluorescence recovery. (4) Probes for monitoring biocatalytic hydrolysis: β-D-galactopyranoside or phosphate acts as a recognition group attached to hydroxyl groups of the fluorophore; the subsequent biocatalytic hydrolysis reaction releases the hydroxyl group resulting in fluorescence recovery. Following these 4 mechanisms, fluorophores including cyanine, coumarin, rhodamine, and Nile-red, have been used to develop systems for monitoring biocatalytic reactions. We anticipate that these strategies will result in systems able to rapidly diagnose and facilitate the treatment of serious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Jie Xu
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Siyue Ma
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xinrui Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Jared B Carney
- Department of Chemistry, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware 19901, USA.
| | - Chao Wang
- The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xiaoyong Gao
- Jiangsu Simba Biological Medicine Co., Ltd. Gaogang Distrct Qidizhihui Park, Taizhou City, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Baolei Fan
- Hubei University of Science and Technology, No. 88, Xianning Avenue, Xianan District, Xianning 437000, China.
| | - Ji Chen
- Jiangsu Simba Biological Medicine Co., Ltd. Gaogang Distrct Qidizhihui Park, Taizhou City, China
| | - Yanfeng Yue
- Department of Chemistry, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware 19901, USA.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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18
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Hashemzadeh F, Khoshmardan ME, Sanaei D, Ghalhari MR, Sharifan H, Inglezakis VJ, Arcibar-Orozco JA, Shaikh WA, Khan E, Biswas JK. Adsorptive removal of anthracene from water by biochar derived amphiphilic carbon dots decorated with chitosan. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141248. [PMID: 38280643 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Anthracene belongs to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of benzene rings, unusually highly stable through more π-electrons and localized π-bond in entire rings. Aqueous-phase anthracene adsorption using carbon-based materials such as biochar is ineffective. In this paper, carbon dots (CDs) derived from the acid treatment of coconut shell biochar (CDs/MCSB) decorated with chitosan (CS) are successfully synthesized and applied for anthracene removal from aqueous solutions. The h-CDs/MCSB exhibited fast adsorption of anthracene with significant sorption capacity (Qmax = 49.26 mg g-1) with 95 % removal efficiency at 60 min. The study suggested chemisorption dominated monolayer anthracene adsorption onto h-CDs/MCSB, where a significant role was played by ion-exchange. Density Functional Theory (DFT) suggested the anthracene adsorption was dominated by the electrostatic interactions and delocalized electron, induced by higher polarizability of functional groups on the surface of hybrid CDs/MCSB assisted by chitosan (h-CDs/MCSB). In addition, the aromatic structure of CDs/MCSB and high polarizability of functional groups provided the strong interactions between benzene rings of anthracene and hybrid adsorbent-assisted multiple π-bond through delocalized π-bond and polarization-induced H-bond interactions. The presence of carboxylic and sulfonic groups on the CDs/MCSB surface also contributed to the effective adsorption of anthracene was confirmed by the fluorescence spectra. The results showed that the hybrid adsorbent was an effective material for removing PAHs, usually difficult to remove from water owing to the presence of benzene rings in their structures. Further, consistency in the DFT results suggested the outstanding binding capacity with the anthracene molecules with h-CDs/MCSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Hashemzadeh
- Water and Wastewater Research Center, Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maede Esmaeili Khoshmardan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daryoush Sanaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hamidreza Sharifan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, Texas, USA
| | | | - Javier A Arcibar-Orozco
- Research Department, CIATEC A.C. Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas, León, Mexico
| | - Wasim Akram Shaikh
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Science and Technology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India, 743368
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Department, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4015, USA
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Enviromicrobiology, Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research Laboratory (3E-MicroToxTech Lab), International Centre for Ecological Engineering, Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal - 741235, India.
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19
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Shi Y, Bu W, Chu D, Lin W, Li K, Huang X, Wang X, Wu Y, Wu S, Li D, Xu Z, Cao Z, Chen H, Wang H. Rescuing Nucleus Pulposus Cells from ROS Toxic Microenvironment via Mitochondria-Targeted Carbon Dot-Supported Prussian Blue to Alleviate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303206. [PMID: 38224563 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is invariably accompanied by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in progressive deterioration of mitochondrial function and senescence in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Significantly, the main ROS production site in non-immune cells is mitochondria, suggesting mitochondria is a feasible therapeutic target to reverse IVDD. Triphenylphosphine (TPP), which is known as mitochondrial-tropic ligands, is utilized to modify carbon dot-supported Prussian blue (CD-PB) to scavenge superfluous intro-cellular ROS and maintain NPCs at normal redox levels. CD-PB-TPP can effectively escape from lysosomal phagocytosis, permitting efficient mitochondrial targeting. After strikingly lessening the ROS in mitochondria via exerting antioxidant enzyme-like activities, such as superoxide dismutase, and catalase, CD-PB-TPP rescues damaged mitochondrial function and NPCs from senescence, catabolism, and inflammatory reaction in vitro. Imaging evaluation and tissue morphology assessment in vivo suggest that disc height index, mean grey values of nucleus pulposus tissue, and histological morphology are significantly improved in the IVDD model after CD-PB-TPP is locally performed. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence of NPCs leads to IVDD and the CD-PB-TPP possesses enormous potential to rescue this pathological process through efficient removal of ROS via targeting mitochondria, supplying a neoteric strategy for IVDD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhen Bu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
| | - Dongchuan Chu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
| | - Xueping Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
| | - Yin Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
| | - Shang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Zhuobin Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Gushi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Xinyang, 465200, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, P. R. China
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20
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Li WZ, Li J, Ma WL, Zhang XS, Liu Y, Luan J. Fabrication of nanofibrous membranes decorated with metal-organic frameworks for detection of pollutants in water. Talanta 2024; 269:125496. [PMID: 38043341 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The environmental pollution caused by antibiotics, Fe3+ and MnO4- pollutants is becoming increasingly serious. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) were used and decorated with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to fabricated three kinds of nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) with different shapes and sizes were prepared by electrospinning technology using in situ growth method and mixed spinning method. The structures and properties of the above three kinds of NFMs were characterized. Among them, PAN@Co/Mn-MOF-74 NFM prepared by in-situ growth method based on PAN was a kind of nano-fluorescent NFM sensor with uniform structure and good fluorescence performance. It showed unique specificity and excellent sensitivity in the detection of ORN, Fe3+ and MnO4-. Compared with previously reported functionalized MOFs, PAN@Co/Mn-MOF-74 NFM has a lower limit of detection (LOD). This study provides a feasible technical route for the preparation of nano-fluorescent NFMs and the targeted detection of trace metal ions and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ze Li
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, PR China
| | - Wan-Lin Ma
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, PR China
| | - Xiao-Sa Zhang
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, PR China
| | - Jian Luan
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
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21
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Tingyuan P, Xiaorui L, Jia L, Qi S, Junren L, Ling H, Wenying S, Xiaoshun J, Meimei Z. Highly sensitive and accurate detection of cholesterol based on a single red upconversion biosensor. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7858-7866. [PMID: 38449817 PMCID: PMC10915588 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07354h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol (CHOL) is an important clinical biochemical indicator that plays an important role in the regulation of the fluidity, permeability, and microstructure of cell membranes. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately monitor CHOL levels in biological samples for the early prevention and diagnosis of various diseases. The single-band red upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) emits light within the optical transmission window of biological tissues, and can penetrate deeper biological tissues and cause less energy loss due to scattering and thus have higher sensitivity and accuracy. Here, using the nontoxic, sensitive, and photochemically stable 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the quenching agent and single red UCNP as the fluorescent donor, a dual-readout colorimetric and fluorescent sensor was developed to detect CHOL. The detection mechanism and feasibility were discussed in detail, and experimental conditions such as Fe2+ concentration, TMB concentration and reaction time were explored. Under optimal conditions, the limits of CHOL detection by colorimetry and fluorescence were 0.85 μM and 0.63 μM. The sensing system was used to measure CHOL in serum samples and the values obtained by these two modes were close, and the spiked recoveries were 97.2-102.2% and 97.1-103.7%, respectively, which holds great potential in clinical diagnosis and health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang Tingyuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Liu Xiaorui
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Li Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Song Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Li Junren
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Han Ling
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Department (Internal Medicine Section 5), Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Shu Wenying
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jian Xiaoshun
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhang Meimei
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
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22
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Su B, Gao D, Xin N, Wu K, Yang M, Jiang S, Zhang Y, Ding J, Wu C, Sun J, Wei D, Fan H, Guo Z. Mild synthesis of ultra-bright carbon dots with solvatochromism for rapid lipid droplet monitoring in varied physiological processes. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbad109. [PMID: 38404618 PMCID: PMC10884737 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) participating in various cellular activities and are increasingly being emphasized. Fluorescence imaging provides powerful tool for dynamic tracking of LDs, however, most current LDs probes remain inconsistent performance such as low Photoluminescence Quantum Yield (PLQY), poor photostability and tedious washing procedures. Herein, a novel yellow-emissive carbon dot (OT-CD) has been synthesized conveniently with high PLQY up to 90%. Besides, OT-CD exhibits remarkable amphiphilicity and solvatochromic property with lipid-water partition coefficient higher than 2, which is much higher than most LDs probes. These characters enable OT-CD high brightness, stable and wash-free LDs probing, and feasible for in vivo imaging. Then, detailed observation of LDs morphological and polarity variation dynamically in different cellular states were recorded, including ferroptosis and other diseases processes. Furthermore, fast whole imaging of zebrafish and identified LD enrichment in injured liver indicate its further feasibility for in vivo application. In contrast to the reported studies to date, this approach provides a versatile conventional synthesis system for high-performance LDs targeting probes, combing the advantages of easy and high-yield production, as well as robust brightness and stability for long-term imaging, facilitating investigations into organelle interactions and LD-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borui Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Dong Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Nini Xin
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Kai Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Mei Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Shichao Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jie Ding
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chengheng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Dan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Zhenzhen Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
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23
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Wu Y, Sun LL, Han HH, He XP, Cao W, James TD. Selective FRET nano probe based on carbon dots and naphthalimide-isatin for the ratiometric detection of peroxynitrite in drug-induced liver injury. Chem Sci 2024; 15:757-764. [PMID: 38179535 PMCID: PMC10762965 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05010f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common cause for acute liver failure in the USA and Europe. However, most of DILI cases can recover or be prevented if treatment by the offending drug is discontinued. Recent research indicates that peroxynitrite (ONOO-) can be a potential indicator to diagnose DILI at an early stage. Therefore, the establishment of an assay to detect and track ONOO- in DILI cases is urgently needed. Here, a FRET-based ratiometric nano fluorescent probe CD-N-I was developed to detect ONOO- with high selectivity and excellent sensitivity. This probe consists of carbon dots and a naphthalimide-isatin peroxynitrite sensing system assembled based on electrostatic interactions. Using CD-N-I we were able to detect exogenous ONOO- in live cells and endogenous ONOO- in APAP-induced liver injury of HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueci Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Lu-Lu Sun
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery Yantai Shandong 264117 P. R. China
- Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 P. R. China
| | - Hai-Hao Han
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery Yantai Shandong 264117 P. R. China
- Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Rd Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
- The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, National Center for Liver Cancer, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 P. R. China
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24
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Hu JX, Ding SN. In Situ Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent, Phosphorus-Doping Carbon-Dot-Functionalized, Dendritic Silica Nanoparticles Applied for Multi-Component Lateral Flow Immunoassay. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:19. [PMID: 38202881 PMCID: PMC10780618 DOI: 10.3390/s24010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The sensitivity of fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test strips is compromised by the low fluorescence intensity of the signaling molecules. In this study, we synthesized novel phosphorus-doped carbon-dot-based dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs-BCDs) with a quantum yield as high as 93.7% to break this bottleneck. Meanwhile, the in situ growth method increased the loading capacity of carbon dots on dendritic mesoporous silica, effectively enhancing the fluorescence intensity of the composite nanospheres. Applied DMSNs-BCDs in LFIA can not only semi-quantitatively detect a single component in a short time frame (procalcitonin (PCT), within 15 min) but also detect the dual components with a low limit of detection (LOD) (carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) LOD: 1 U/mL; alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) LOD: 0.01 ng/mL). And the LOD of PCT detection (0.01 ng/mL) is lower by 1.7 orders of magnitude compared to conventional colloidal gold strips. For CA199, the LOD is reduced by a factor of four compared to LFIA using gold nanoparticles as substrates, and for AFP, the LOD is lowered by two orders of magnitude compared to colloidal gold LFIA. Furthermore, the coefficients of variation (CV) for intra-assay and inter-assay measurements are both less than 11%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shou-Nian Ding
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China;
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25
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Pansari P, Durga G, Sharma R. Carbon nanoprobe derived from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flower: Unveiling the surface defect-derived fluorescence. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123119. [PMID: 37478708 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Dual Emissive (green and blue) Carbon dots (C-Dots) aka g-CD and b-CD were synthesized using flowers of Nyctanthes arbortristis as the sole precursor via hydrothermal method without the aid of any external passivating agent. In the present report, the effect of time and temperature on the hydrothermal reaction was evaluated in order to modulate the surface defects that could lead to dual emissions. To gauge the nature, size, morphology, and optoelectronic characteristics, the C-Dots were characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence studies of both the Carbon Dots revealed their excitation-dependent emission characteristics with the bathochromic shift. Furthermore, both g-CD and b-CD could effectively be utilized as efficient fluorescent probes for the selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+. These fluorescent nanoprobes could selectively detect Fe3+ over a wide range of concentrations (3 µM to 100 µM) with limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.06 µM and 0.70 µM respectively. These tuneable Carbon Dots having wider solubilities would open a new avenue as Nanosensors for real-time applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Pansari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, U.P., India
| | - Geeta Durga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, U.P., India.
| | - Roopali Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, U.P., India
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26
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Zhong Y, Chen L, Yu S, Yang Y, Liu X. Advances in Magnetic Carbon Dots: A Theranostics Platform for Fluorescence/Magnetic Resonance Bimodal Imaging and Therapy for Tumors. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6548-6566. [PMID: 37945516 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Theranostics technology that combines tumor diagnosis or monitoring with therapy is an important direction for the future development of tumor treatment. It takes advantage of efficiently observing tumor tissues, monitoring tumor treatment in real time, and significantly improving the cure efficiency. Magnetic carbon dots (CDs) are of wide interest as molecular imaging probes, drug carriers, photosensitizers, and radiosensitizers in the integration of tumor fluorescence/magnetic resonance bimodal diagnosis and treatment because of their small size, good optical stability, magnetic relaxation rate, and biocompatibility. This review first analyzes and compares the synthesis methods and physicochemical properties of magnetic CDs in recent years and then concludes their mechanism in tumor fluorescence/magnetic resonance bimodal imaging and therapy in details. Subsequently, the research progress of their application in tumor theranostics are summarized. Finally, the problems and challenges of magnetic CDs for development at this stage are prospected. This review provides new ideas for their controlled synthesis and application in efficient and precise therapy for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Shiping Yu
- Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - Yongzhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Xuguang Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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27
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Hussain MM, Li F, Ahmed F, Khan WU, Xiong H. Fluorescence switch based on NIR-emitting carbon dots revealing high selectivity in the rapid response and bioimaging of oxytetracycline. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:11290-11299. [PMID: 38013459 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02139d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The abuse of antibiotics has led to serious environmental pollution and the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria surpassing the replacement rate of antibiotics. Herein, near-infrared fluorescent carbon dots (NIR-CDs) were developed to meet the requirements for oxytetracycline (OTC) detection in food and water samples (milk, honey, and lake water) with a detection limit of 0.112 μM. These NIR-CDs, possessing excellent water-solubility, deep tissue penetration ability, and tunable optical properties, exhibit maximum emission at 790 nm (NIR-I window). Unlike traditional CDs, this novel NIR-CDs nanoprobe provides a dual response in the presence of OTC (quenching and bathochromic shifting), without obvious interference from other existing biomolecules and metal ions. Additionally, these NIR-CDs exhibit excellent photostability and multi-resistance under UV irradiation, exceptional pH stability (pH 6-12), reliable long-time exposure, and durability in ionic (NaCl) environments. Moreover, NIR-CDs and NIR-CDs@OTC are nontoxic and were successfully utilized for cell-imaging applications in normal (NIH3T3) and cancer cells (HeLa).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fengli Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Waheed Ullah Khan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Hai Xiong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
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28
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Zhou M, Song C, Qin T, Xun Z, Liu B. Fast and sensitive detection of nitroxynil using a chalcone-based supramolecular fluorescent sensor. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:122974. [PMID: 37327726 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxynil as a veterinary drug has been widely used for treatment of parasitic worms in food-producing sheep and cattle. However, the residual nitroxynil in edible animal products can lead to severe adverse effects on human health. Thus, development of an effective analytical tool for nitroxynil is of great significance. In the present study, we designed and synthesized a novel albumin-based fluorescent sensor, which was capable of detecting nitroxynil with the fast response (<10 s), high sensitivity (limit of detection ∼8.7 ppb), high selectivity, and excellent anti-interference property. The sensing mechanism was clarified by using the molecular docking technique and mass spectra. Moreover, this sensor showed the detection accuracy comparable to standard HPLC method, and meanwhile exhibited much shorter response time and higher sensitivity. All the results demonstrated that this novel fluorescent senor could serve as a practical analytical tool for determination of nitroxynil in real food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chao Song
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tianyi Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhiqing Xun
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, 1-2 Zhujiang Rd, Guangzhou 511447, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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29
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Wu X, Luo Z, Li W, Xia L, Xiong Y. An optical and visual multi-mode sensing platform base on nitrogen, sulfur, boron co-doped carbon dots for rapid and simple determination of ferric ions in water. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:122995. [PMID: 37329831 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal iron ions levels may lead to some diseases and serious environmental pollution. Herein, optical and visual detection strategies of Fe3+ in water based on co-doped carbon dots (CDs) were established in the present study. Firstly, a one-pot synthetic strategy for the preparation of the N, S, B co-doped CDs with a home microwave oven was developed. Secondly, the optical properties, chemical structures, and morphology of CDs were further characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy, Uv-vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscope. Finally, the results indicated that the fluorescence of the co-doped CDs was quenched by ferric ions via the static mechanism and the aggregation of CDs, accompanied by the increased red color. The multi-mode sensing strategies of Fe3+ with fluorescence photometer, UV-visible spectrophotometer, portable colorimeter and smartphone had the advantages of good selectivity, excellent stability and high sensitivity. Fluorophotometry based on co-doped CDs was a powerful probe platform for measuring lower concentrations of Fe3+ due to its higher sensitivity, better linear relationship, lower limit of detection (0.27 μM) and limit of quantitation (0.91 μM). In addition, the visual detection methods with a portable colorimeter and smartphone had been proven to be very suitable for rapid and simple sensing of higher concentrations of Fe3+. Moreover, the co-doped CDs utilized for Fe3+ probes in tap water and boiler water obtained satisfactory results. Consequently, the efficient, versatile optical and visual multi-mode sensing platform could be extended to apply such a visual analysis of ferric ions in the biological, chemical and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wu
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Luo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Lingfeng Xia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
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30
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Xu X, Min H, Li Y. Preparation and application of carbon quantum dot fluorescent probes combined with rare earth ions. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5731-5753. [PMID: 37882318 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01318a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Globally, antibiotic abuse, organic contamination, and excessive heavy metal ion pollution pose serious threats to human health. In this case, ratiometric fluorescent probes can eliminate the errors caused by environmental factors and provide more accurate detection results than single-emission intensity nanoprobes. Accordingly, based on the excellent biocompatibility and abundant surface functional groups of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and the properties of large Stokes shifts and narrow emission bands of rare earth ions (RE3+), RE-CQD fluorescent probes have attracted widespread attention. Herein, firstly we review the combination of carbon quantum dots with rare earth ions (rare earth complexes) using various functionalization approaches to improve the defects of rare earth complexes and realize the functionalization of carbon quantum dots and their applications in many fields, such as biology and environmental science. In addition, we classify the methods for the synthesis of RE-CQD hybrids into three groups according to the different binding modes of the RE and CQDs, including doping, covalent grafting, and direct coordination. The excellent properties of these fluorescent probes are also briefly described. Finally, a comprehensive overview of the important applications of RE-CQD fluorescent probes in the fields of public safety sensing, chemical sensing, biomedical sensing, temperature sensing, and pH sensing is presented. In this review, the recent research progress in the field of ratiometric fluorescence sensing based on carbon quantum dots and rare earth ions is summarized and an outlook on the future development of RE-CQD fluorescent probes regarding their construction and potential applications is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Xu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China.
| | - Hua Min
- Technology Transfer Center, Institute of Science and Technology Development, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China.
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31
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Gholipour A, Rahmani S. The Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots through One-step Hydrothermal Approach by Orange Juice for Rapid, and Accurate Detection of Dopamine. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03483-x. [PMID: 37882934 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, the fluorescent Carbon quantum dots (CDs) were synthesized through one-step hydrothermal approach by orange juice without any additional agents. The as-prepared green-CDs (GCDs) were quasi-spherical shape ranged from 2 to 8 nm with an average diameter of 5 nm, and emitted bright blue fluorescent (FL) under ultraviolet light irradiation (Uv). Different detailed analyses proved that the as-prepared GCDs had good morphologies, various functional groups, high water solubility, great optical features, and excellent stability towards diverse environmental conditions. The results indicated that the as-prepared GCDs can detect different concentrations of dopamine from 1 to 100 µM based on the quenching of their native fluorescent. Furthermore, the good linear relationship was obtained for dopamine in the broad range of concentrations from 1 to 100 µM with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.81 µM. In addition, the as-prepared GCDs can be applied as a fluorescent probe for detection of dopamine in the different real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Gholipour
- Nanotechnology Research Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Rahmani
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State university, Pullman, WA, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
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32
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Mao W, Bui HTD, Cho W, Yoo HS. Spectroscopic techniques for monitoring stem cell and organoid proliferation in 3D environments for therapeutic development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115074. [PMID: 37619771 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic techniques for monitoring stem cell and organoid proliferation have gained significant attention in therapeutic development. Spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy offer noninvasive and real-time monitoring of biochemical and biophysical changes that occur during stem cell and organoid proliferation. These techniques provide valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms of action of potential therapeutic agents, allowing for improved drug discovery and screening. This review highlights the importance of spectroscopic monitoring of stem cell and organoid proliferation and its potential impact on therapeutic development. Furthermore, this review discusses recent advances in spectroscopic techniques and their applications in stem cell and organoid research. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of spectroscopic techniques as valuable tools for studying stem cell and organoid proliferation and their potential to revolutionize therapeutic development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mao
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoai-Thuong Duc Bui
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanho Cho
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Sang Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Institue of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Kangwon Radiation Convergence Research Support Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Bao H, Liu Y, Li H, Qi W, Sun K. Luminescence of carbon quantum dots and their application in biochemistry. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20317. [PMID: 37790961 PMCID: PMC10543222 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene, carbon dots (CDs) are causing a lot of research work in their own right. CDs are a type of surface-passivated quantum dot that contain carbon atoms. Their distinctive characteristics, such as luminescent emission that varies with size and wavelength, resistance to photobleaching, easy biological binding, lack of toxicity, and economical production without the need for intricate synthetic processes, have led to a noteworthy surge in attention within the research community. Different techniques can be utilized to create these CDs, spanning from basic candle burning to laser ablation. This review article delves into the principles of fluorescence technology, providing insights into how different synthesis methods of quantum dots impact their luminescent properties. Additionally, it highlights the latest applications of quantum dots in catalysis and biomedical fields, with special emphasis on the current status of luminescent properties in biology and chemistry. Towards the end, the article discusses the limitations of quantum dots in current practical applications, pointing out that CDs hold promising potential for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - He Li
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Yang Z, Xu T, Li H, She M, Chen J, Wang Z, Zhang S, Li J. Zero-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Fluorescent Sensing and Imaging. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11047-11136. [PMID: 37677071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest and play key roles in scientific innovations in diverse fields. In particular, increased attention has been focused on carbon-based nanomaterials exhibiting diverse extended structures and unique properties. Among these materials, zero-dimensional structures, including fullerenes, carbon nano-onions, carbon nanodiamonds, and carbon dots, possess excellent bioaffinities and superior fluorescence properties that make these structures suitable for application to environmental and biological sensing, imaging, and therapeutics. This review provides a systematic overview of the classification and structural properties, design principles and preparation methods, and optical properties and sensing applications of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials. Recent interesting breakthroughs in the sensitive and selective sensing and imaging of heavy metal pollutants, hazardous substances, and bioactive molecules as well as applications in information encryption, super-resolution and photoacoustic imaging, and phototherapy and nanomedicine delivery are the main focus of this review. Finally, future challenges and prospects of these materials are highlighted and envisaged. This review presents a comprehensive basis and directions for designing, developing, and applying fascinating fluorescent sensors fabricated based on zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials for specific requirements in numerous research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao She
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
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Sun XH, Ma M, Tian R, Chai HM, Wang JW, Gao LJ. One-Pot Hydrothermal Method Preparation of Cerium-Nitrogen-Codoped Carbon Quantum Dots from Waste Longan Nucleus as a Fluorescent Sensor for Sensing Drug Rifampicin. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:34859-34867. [PMID: 37780005 PMCID: PMC10536864 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the large-scale application of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) is usually limited by their low quantum yield and detection limit. Herein, the abandoned longan nucleus was used as a carbon source to synthesize cerium-nitrogen-codoped carbon quantum dots (Ce/N-CQDs) with strong luminescence intensity. In this work, the fluorescent properties and fluorescent quantum yield of CQDs may be improved by the single cerium-doped carbon quantum dots (Ce-CQDs) and the single nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs). Nevertheless, the Ce/N-CQDs exhibited intense fluorescence with a high quantum yield. Compared with CQDs, the quantum yield of Ce/N-CQDs was significantly increased from 5 to 32% and showed high photostability and good water solubility. The Ce/N-CQDs can be used for the direct detection of rifampicin (RFP) in human serum. The concentration demonstrated a good linear relationship in the range of 1.0 × 10-7-9.0 × 10-6 mol/L, with a detection limit of 9.6 × 10-8 mol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Hua Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of
Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, P. R. China
| | - Min Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of
Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, P. R. China
| | - Rui Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of
Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Chai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of
Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Wei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of
Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, P. R. China
| | - Lou-Jun Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of
Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, P. R. China
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36
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Wu S, Shi Y, Jiang L, Bu W, Zhang K, Lin W, Pan C, Xu Z, Du J, Chen H, Wang H. N-Acetylcysteine-Derived Carbon Dots for Free Radical Scavenging in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300533. [PMID: 37256605 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is associated with oxidative stress induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamic equilibrium disturbance. Nanozymes, as nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity, can regulate intro-cellular ROS levels. In this study, a new carbon dots nanozyme, N-acetylcysteine-derived carbon dots (NAC-CDs), is developed and proved to be an ideal antioxidant and anti-senescent agent in IVDD management. The results confirmed the NAC-CDs have satisfactory biocompatibility and strong superoxide dismutase (250 U mg-1 ), catalase, glutathioneperoxidase-like activity, and total antioxidant capacity. Then, the powerful free radical scavenging and antioxidant ability of NAC-CDs are demonstrated in vitro as observing the reduced ROS in H2 O2 induced senescent nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), in which the elimination efficiency of toxic ROS is more than 90%. NAC-CDs also maintained mitochondrial homeostasis and suppressed cellular senescence, subsequently inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in NPCs. In vivo, evaluations of imaging and tissue morphology assessments suggested that disc height index, magnetic resonance imaging grade and histological score are significantly improved from the degenerative models when NAC-CDs is applied. In conclusion, the study developed a novel carbon dots nanozyme, which efficiently rescues IVDD from ROS induced NPCs senescence and provides a potential strategy in management of IVDD in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200065, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200065, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Letao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhen Bu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Chun Pan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Zhuobin Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200065, P. R. China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
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Dong G, Lv Q, Hao L, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Chai DF, Zhu M, Zhao M, Li J. Integration of N, P-doped carbon quantum dots with hydrogel as a solid-phase fluorescent probe for adsorption and detection of Fe 3. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:465702. [PMID: 37567166 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acef30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon quantum dots (N, P-CQDs) hydrogel was developed utilizing the as-synthesized N, P-CQDs and acrylamide (AM) with the existence of ammonium persulfate and N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide (N-MBA). In consistent with pure N, P-CQDs, the N, P-CQDs hydrogel also shows a dramatic fluorescence property with maximum emission wavelength of 440 nm, which can also be quenched after adsorbing iron ions (Fe3+). When the concentration of Fe3+is 0-6 mmol l-1, a better linear relationship between Fe3+concentration and the fluorescence intensities can be easily obtained. Additionally, the N, P-CQDs hydrogel exhibits better recyclability. This confirms that the N, P-CQDs hydrogel can be used for adsorbing and detecting Fe3+in aqueous with on-off-on mode. The fluorescence quenching mainly involves three procedures including the adsorption of Fe3+by hydrogel, integration of Fe3+with N, P-CQDs and the transportation of conjugate electrons in N, P-CQDs to the vacant orbits of Fe3+and the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model confirmed in the Freundlich isotherm model. In conclusion, this work provides a novel route for synchronously removing and detecting the metal ions in aqueous by integrating N, P-CQDs with hydrogel with better recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihang Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuanfang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Feng Chai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
- Technology Innovation Center of Industrial Hemp for State Market Regulation, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Synthesis for Fine Chemicals, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
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38
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Song Z, Fan C, Zhao J, Wang L, Duan D, Shen T, Li X. Fluorescent Probes for Mammalian Thioredoxin Reductase: Mechanistic Analysis, Construction Strategies, and Future Perspectives. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:811. [PMID: 37622897 PMCID: PMC10452626 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The modulation of numerous signaling pathways is orchestrated by redox regulation of cellular environments. Maintaining dynamic redox homeostasis is of utmost importance for human health, given the common occurrence of altered redox status in various pathological conditions. The cardinal component of the thioredoxin system, mammalian thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) plays a vital role in supporting various physiological functions; however, its malfunction, disrupting redox balance, is intimately associated with the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Accordingly, the dynamic monitoring of TrxR of live organisms represents a powerful direction to facilitate the comprehensive understanding and exploration of the profound significance of redox biology in cellular processes. A number of classic assays have been developed for the determination of TrxR activity in biological samples, yet their application is constrained when exploring the real-time dynamics of TrxR activity in live organisms. Fluorescent probes offer several advantages for in situ imaging and the quantification of biological targets, such as non-destructiveness, real-time analysis, and high spatiotemporal resolution. These benefits facilitate the transition from a poise to a flux understanding of cellular targets, further advancing scientific studies in related fields. This review aims to introduce the progress in the development and application of TrxR fluorescent probes in the past years, and it mainly focuses on analyzing their reaction mechanisms, construction strategies, and potential drawbacks. Finally, this study discusses the critical challenges and issues encountered during the development of selective TrxR probes and proposes future directions for their advancement. We anticipate the comprehensive analysis of the present TrxR probes will offer some glitters of enlightenment, and we also expect that this review may shed light on the design and development of novel TrxR probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Song
- Natural Medicine Research & Development Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Z.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Chengwu Fan
- Natural Medicine Research & Development Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Z.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Jintao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Natural Medicine Research & Development Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Z.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Dongzhu Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China;
| | - Tong Shen
- Natural Medicine Research & Development Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Z.S.); (C.F.); (L.W.)
| | - Xinming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.)
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Wen J, Hua Q, Ding S, Sun A, Xia Y. Recent Advances in Fluorescent Probes for Zinc Ions Based on Various Response Mechanisms. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-32. [PMID: 37486769 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2238078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a vital metal element with extensive applications in various fields such as industry, metallurgy, agriculture, food, and healthcare. For living organisms, zinc ions are indispensable, and their deficiency can lead to physiological and metabolic abnormalities that cause multiple diseases. Hence, there is a significant need for selective recognition and effective detection of free zinc ions. As a probe method with high sensitivity, high selectivity, real-time monitoring, safety, harmlessness and ease of operation, fluorescent probes have been widely used in metal ion identification studies, and many convenient, low-cost and easy-to-operate fluorescent probes for Zn2+ detection have been developed. This article reviews the latest research advances in fluorescent chemosensors for Zn2+ detection from 2019 to 2023. In particular, sensors working through photo-induced electron transfer (PET), excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF), and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanisms are described. We discuss the use of various recognition mechanisms in detecting zinc ions through specific cases, some of which have been validated through theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Wen
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Qianying Hua
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Sha Ding
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Aokui Sun
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Yong Xia
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
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40
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Wang D, Zhang LJ, Liu MH, Du FF, Shen ZY, He L, Wang LL. Aggregation enhanced FRET: A simple but efficient strategy for the ratiometric detection of uranyl ion. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131497. [PMID: 37119574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Uranium is one of the most important radionuclides but could also cause potential health risks to human beings due to its radioactive and chemical toxicity. It is an urgent task to develop a simple but efficient sensing platform for UO22+, the main existing form of uranium in environment. Herein, a rhodamine-functionalized carbon dots (o-CDs-Rho) was synthesized and applied for UO22+ sensing through a simple but novel aggregation-enhanced FRET strategy. The weak FRET efficiency (16.2%) of o-CDs-Rho in dispersed solution is significantly enhanced (>77.2%) after UO22+ triggered aggregation due to the increased number of rhodamine acceptors around each CDs from dispersed 80 to aggregated 2800. This is the first ratiometric fluorescence sensor with an inverse change of fluorescence intensity at dual emission wavelengths under single-wavelength excitation for UO22+. Under optimized experiment conditions, o-CDs-Rho nanosensor shows a low detection limit of 53 nM and excellent selectivity. Meanwhile, the as-prepared nanosensor also shows high reliability and stability. These excellent properties make it successful in detecting uranium content in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ming-Hui Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Fang-Fang Du
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Ze-Ya Shen
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Longwei He
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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41
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Jin L, Zhao C, Wang X, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Shen J. Metal-free auxiliary pyrophosphate detection based on near-infrared carbon dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 295:122580. [PMID: 36905739 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The excessive use of pyrophosphate (PPi) anions as additives poses a serious threat to human health and the environment. Considering the current status of PPi probes, the development of metal-free auxiliary PPi probes has important applications. In this study, a novel near-infrared nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N,S-CDs) were prepared. The average particle size of N,S-CDs was 2.25 ± 0.32 nm with average height was 3.05 nm. The probe N,S-CDs showed a special response to PPi, and a good linear relationship was obtained with PPi concentrations ranging from 0 to 1 μM, with the limit of detection being 0.22 nM. Tap water and milk were used for practical inspection, and ideal experimental results were acquired. In addition, the probe N,S-CDs also showed good results in biological systems, such as cell and zebrafish experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Jin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
| | - Chuanfeng Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
| | - Yuliang Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
| | - Jian Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
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Li B, Xiang G, Huang G, Jiang X, He L. Self-exothermic reaction assisted green synthesis of carbon dots for the detection of para-nitrophenol and β-glucosidase activity. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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43
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Deng T, He H, Wang Y, Si XJ, Yan X, Lei Y, Yang Z, Luo L. A sensitive fluorescence nanoplatform for monitoring benzoyl peroxide in food using carbon dots coupled with glutathione capped gold nanoparticles as FRET probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 294:122552. [PMID: 36863082 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a sensitive fluorescence nanoplatform for benzoyl peroxide (BPO) detection is constructed from carbon dots (CDs) and glutathione capped gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs). The fluorescence of CDs is first quenched due to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect in the presence of GSH-AuNPs, and then effectively recovered when adding BPO. The detection mechanism lies in the aggregation of AuNPs in a high salt background due to oxidation of GSH caused by BPO, thus the amount of BPO is reflected by the variations of the recovered signals. The linear range and detection limit in this detection system is found to be 0.05-200 μM (R2 = 0.994) and 0.1 µg g-1 (3σ/K), respectively. Several possible interferents with high concentration show little influence on BPO detection. The proposed assay exhibits good performance for BPO determination in wheat flour and noodles, demonstrating its applicability for facile monitoring BPO additive amount in real foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Deng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Haibo He
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Yishan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xiao Jing Si
- Department of Food Science, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai 200235, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Yan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yunyi Lei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhaosheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Liqiang Luo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
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44
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Song Y, Xie R, Tian M, Mao B, Chai F. Controllable synthesis of bifunctional magnetic carbon dots for rapid fluorescent detection and reversible removal of Hg 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131683. [PMID: 37276695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals, whose identification and separation are crucial for environmental remediation. Till now, it remains a significant challenge upon simultaneous detection and removal of Hg2+. Herein, bifunctional probe magnetic carbon dots were synthesized and optimized via systematic structure manipulation of the carbon and iron precursors towards fluorescence, Hg2+ adsorption and magnetic separation. The probe exhibited blue emission at 440 nm with high quantum yield of 55 % and a high paramagnetism with the saturation magnetization value of 22.70 emu/g. Furthermore, the fluorescent detection of Hg2+ with limit of 5.40 nM and high selectivity were achieved through surface structure manipulation with moderate -NH2, -SH and Fe contents. As a result, the magnetic removal of Hg2+ was consecutively effectuated with high removal efficiency of 98.30 %. The detection and recovery of Hg2+ in real samples were further verified and demonstrated the excellent environmental tolerance of probe. The reusability was viable with recycling at least three turns by external magnet. This work not only provides a promising approach for simultaneous detection and removal of heavy metal pollution, but also provides an excellent example as a versatile platform for multifunction integration via the structure manipulation for other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Ruyan Xie
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Baodong Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Fang Chai
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
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45
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Xie W, Jiang J, Shu D, Zhang Y, Yang S, Zhang K. Recent Progress in the Rational Design of Biothiol-Responsive Fluorescent Probes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104252. [PMID: 37241992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biothiols such as cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione play significant roles in important biological activities, and their abnormal concentrations have been found to be closely associated with certain diseases, making their detection a critical task. To this end, fluorescent probes have become increasingly popular due to their numerous advantages, including easy handling, desirable spatiotemporal resolution, high sensitivity, fast response, and favorable biocompatibility. As a result, intensive research has been conducted to create fluorescent probes for the detection and imaging of biothiols. This brief review summarizes recent advances in the field of biothiol-responsive fluorescent probes, with an emphasis on rational probe design, including the reaction mechanism, discriminating detection, reversible detection, and specific detection. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of fluorescence probes for biothiols are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Jinyu Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dunji Shu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology &Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology &Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology &Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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Munusamy S, Mandlimath TR, Swetha P, Al-Sehemi AG, Pannipara M, Koppala S, Paramasivam S, Boonyuen S, Pothu R, Boddula R. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots: Recent developments in its fluorescent sensor applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116046. [PMID: 37150390 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Doped carbon dots have attracted great attention from researchers across disciplines because of their unique characteristics, such as their low toxicity, physiochemical stability, photostability, and outstanding biocompatibility. Nitrogen is one of the most commonly used elements for doping because of its sizeable atomic radius, strong electronegativity, abundance, and availability of electrons. This distinguishes them from other atoms and allows them to perform distinctive roles in various applications. Here, we have reviewed the most current breakthroughs in nitrogen-doped CDs (N-CDs) for fluorescent sensor applications in the last five years. The first section of the article addresses several synthetic and sustainable ways of making N-CDs. Next, we briefly reviewed the fluorescent features of N-CDs and their sensing mechanism. Furthermore, we have thoroughly reviewed their fluorescent sensor applications as sensors for cations, anions, small molecules, enzymes, antibiotics, pathogens, explosives, and pesticides. Finally, we have discussed the N-CDs' potential future as primary research and how that may be used. We hope that this study will contribute to a better understanding of the principles of N-CDs and the sensory applications that they can serve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathishkumar Munusamy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Angkok, 10330, Pathumwan, Thailand.
| | - Triveni Rajashekhar Mandlimath
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT-AP University, G-30, Inavolu, Besides AP Secretariat Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Puchakayala Swetha
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, United States
| | | | | | - Sivasankar Koppala
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Paramasivam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Bangkok, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Supakorn Boonyuen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Bangkok, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Ramyakrishna Pothu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Rajender Boddula
- Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University Doha, 2713, Qatar.
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Zhang J, Li Y, Teng L, Cao Y, Hu X, Fang G, Wang S. A molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor for sensitive detection of tetracycline using nitrogen-doped carbon dots-embedded zinc-based metal-organic frameworks as signal-amplifying tags. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1251:341032. [PMID: 36925300 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Tetracycline (TC) residues not only endanger human health, but also are detrimental to the sustainable development of aquaculture and animal husbandry. Herein, a novel fluorescence sensor with high sensitivity and selectivity was developed based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots embedded in zinc-based metal-organic frameworks and incorporating molecularly imprinted polymer (ZIF-8&N-CDs@MIP). The physical and chemical properties of the ZIF-8&N-CDs@MIP had been characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, BET, TGA, etc. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) of the novel sensor was 0.045 μg mL-1 with the concentration of TC in the range of 0.1-4.0 μg mL-1. In addition, the prepared imprinted polymers showed superior adsorption selectivity to tetracycline compared with non-imprinted polymers, and the quenching mechanism of ZIF-8&N-CDs@MIP was demonstrated to be attributed to the inner filter effect (IFE). This work provided an effective and reliable method for the specific detection of tetracycline and was successfully applied in milk and egg samples with satisfactory recoveries (80.67-95.22%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Longhao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yichuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xuelian Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Guozhen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Azzouz A, Kumar V, Hejji L, Kim KH. Advancements in nanomaterial-based aptasensors for the detection of emerging organic pollutants in environmental and biological samples. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108156. [PMID: 37084799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The combination of nanomaterials (NMs) and aptamers into aptasensors enables highly specific and sensitive detection of diverse pollutants. The great potential of aptasensors is recognized for the detection of diverse emerging organic pollutants (EOPs) in different environmental and biological matrices. In addition to high sensitivity and selectivity, NM-based aptasensors have many other advantages such as portability, miniaturization, facile use, and affordability. This work showcases the recent advances achieved in the design and fabrication of NM-based aptasensors for monitoring EOPs (e.g., hormones, phenolic contaminants, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals). On the basis of their sensing mechanisms, the covered aptasensing systems are classified as electrochemical, colorimetric, PEC, fluorescence, SERS, and ECL. Special attention has been paid to the fabrication processes, analytical achievements, and sensing mechanisms of NM-based aptasensors. Further, the practical utility of aptasensing approaches has also been assessed based on their basic performance metrics (e.g., detection limits, sensing ranges, and response times).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmonaim Azzouz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, B.P. 2121, M'Hannech II, 93002 Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Vanish Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Lamia Hejji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, B.P. 2121, M'Hannech II, 93002 Tetouan, Morocco; Department of Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, Higher Polytechnic School of Linares, University of Jaén, Campus Científico-Tecnológico, Cinturón Sur s/n, 23700 Linares, Jaén, Spain
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
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49
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Hu W, Feng S, Pei F, Du B, Liu B, Mu X, Tong Z. A novel smartphone-integrated binary-emission molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor embedded with MIL-101(Cr) for sensitive and real-time detection of protein. Talanta 2023; 260:124563. [PMID: 37087945 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Aiming for precise, real-time, and on-site analysis of proteins, an innovative binary-emission fluorescence imprinted polymer was designed by sol-gel method after mixing MIL-101(Cr), green CdTe (g-CdTe) and red CdTe (r-CdTe) for detection of protein. In this proposal, MIL-101(Cr), as a favorable supporter, provided high surface area and porosity for imprinting sites, which ameliorated the transfer rate and the sensitivity of the nanosensor. And g-CdTe and r-CdTe were served as signal transduction for dual-emission response. Based on strengthened recognition reaction between high-affinity imprinting sites and protein, the fluorescence intensities of g-CdTe and r-CdTe yielded conspicuous two responses at 528 nm and 634 nm for protein under the excitation of 350 nm. The cytochrome c (Cyt c) and trypsin were served as model proteins to verify the generality of strategy. Given prominent merits of MIL-101(Cr), g-CdTe/r-CdTe@MIL-101(Cr)@MIP exhibited good linear range of 1-30 μM for Cyt c and 0.15-4 μM for trypsin, and the limit of detection were 0.13 μM and 0.014 μM, respectively. Significantly, an unsophisticated smartphone-based sensing device was developed by integrating g-CdTe/r-CdTe@MIL-101(Cr)@MIP with a 3D printing portable device to obtain precise on-site results. As expected, this portable platform was successfully applied for monitoring Cyt c and trypsin with a detection limit of 0.71 μM and 0.026 μM, respectively. These results indicated this dual-response molecularly imprinted fluorescence senor based on smartphone provided promising perspectives on futural on-site protein analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Shasha Feng
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Fubin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Bin Du
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xihui Mu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Zhaoyang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
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50
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Wang Y, Lv T, Yin K, Feng N, Sun X, Zhou J, Li H. Carbon Dot-Based Hydrogels: Preparations, Properties, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207048. [PMID: 36709483 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have extremely high moisture content, which makes it very soft and excellently biocompatible. They have become an important soft material and have a wide range of applications in various fields such as biomedicine, bionic smart material, and electrochemistry. Carbon dot (CD)-based hydrogels are based on carbon dots (CDs) and auxiliary substances, forming a gel material with comprehensive properties of individual components. CDs embedding in hydrogels could not only solve their aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, but also manipulate the properties of hydrogels and even bring some novel properties, achieving a win-win situation. In this review, the preparation methods, formation mechanism, and properties of CD-based hydrogels, and their applications in biomedicine, sensing, adsorption, energy storage, and catalysis -are summarized. Finally, a brief discussion on future research directions of CD-based hydrogels will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Tingjie Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Keyang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ning Feng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Hongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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