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Gamache MT, Gehring B, Hanan GS, Kurth DG. Spectro-electrochemical study of iron and ruthenium bis-terpyridine complexes with methyl viologen-like subunits as models for supramolecular polymers. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:13151-13159. [PMID: 39041831 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00974f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Metallo-supramolecular polyelectrolytes (MEPE) have a variety of attractive properties concerning electrochromism, spin-crossover, rheology, and cell differentiation. Previous studies suggest that these polynuclear structures can be regarded as an assembly of individual subunits and mononuclear complexes can act as models. In this study, we synthesize a monotopic and a ditopic terpyridine ligand with pyridinium units as well as the corresponding iron and ruthenium MEPEs and their mononuclear counterparts. UV-vis studies show that the mononuclear complexes have similar absorption properties to MEPEs. Furthermore, all complexes and MEPEs exhibit electrochromic behavior. Yet only the MEPEs can be deposited on different substrates using a layer-by-layer approach which makes them attractive for applications as electrochromic devices. However, the low solubility particularly of the ruthenium MEPE, renders characterization in solution impractical. Hence, the use of mononuclear complexes with similar monotopic ligands as presented herein can act as a first instance to evaluate the properties of corresponding MEPEs, facilitating the development of metallo-supramolecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira T Gamache
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V-03B, Canada
| | - Benjamin Gehring
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Garry S Hanan
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V-03B, Canada
| | - Dirk G Kurth
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Giacomazzo GE, Conti L, Paderni D, Sfragano PS, Quadrini L, Macedi E, Andreini C, Donati C, Bernacchioni C, Mulas G, Valtancoli B, Palchetti I, Giorgi L, Fusi V, Cencetti F, Giorgi C. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes with Benzoxazole Derivatives and Non-Innocent Ligands as Effective Antioxidants in Human Neuroblasts. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400834. [PMID: 38716700 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes continue to raise increasing interest for the encouraging results in several biomedical areas. Considering their vast chemical-physical repertoire, in particular the possibility to switch from the sensitization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to ROS-scavenging abilities by tuning the nature of their ligands, it is therefore surprising that their potential as antioxidants has not been largely investigated so far. Herein, we explored the antioxidant behaviour of the novel ruthenium compound [Ru(dbpy)(2,3-DAN)Cl]PF6 (Ru1), featuring a benzoxazole derivative (dpby=2,6-bis(4-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)pyridine) and the non-innocent 2,3-diamminonaftalene (2,3-DAN) ligand, along with the reference tpy-containing analogue [Ru(tpy)(2,3-DAN)Cl]PF6 (Ru2) (tpy=2,2':6',2''-terpyridine). Following the synthesis and the electrochemical characterization, chemical antioxidant assays highlighted the beneficial role of dpby for the ROS-scavenging properties of Ru1. These data have been corroborated by the highest protective effect of Ru1 against the oxidative stress induced in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma, which exerts pro-survival and anti-inflammatory actions. The results herein reported highlight the potential of Ru1 as pharmacological tool in neurodegenerative diseases and specially prove that the antioxidant properties of such compounds are likely the result of a non-trivial synergetic action involving the bioactive ligands in their chemical architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Elena Giacomazzo
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI), Italy
| | - Luca Conti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI), Italy
| | - Daniele Paderni
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences "Carlo Bo", University of Urbino, Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino., Italy
| | - Patrick Severin Sfragano
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Quadrini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI), Italy
| | - Eleonora Macedi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences "Carlo Bo", University of Urbino, Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino., Italy
| | - Camilla Andreini
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare-INGM, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Gloria Mulas
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Valtancoli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI), Italy
| | - Ilaria Palchetti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI), Italy
| | - Luca Giorgi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences "Carlo Bo", University of Urbino, Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino., Italy
| | - Vieri Fusi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences "Carlo Bo", University of Urbino, Via della Stazione 4, 61029, Urbino., Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni, 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI), Italy
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3
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Wysocki W, Kamecka A, Karczmarzyk Z. Synthesis and structural characterizations of three carbonyl(α-diimine)hydrido(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) complexes with derivatives of 1,10-phenanthroline. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2024; 80:319-330. [PMID: 38934274 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229624005898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Three new ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes containing α-diimine ligands, namely, carbonylhydrido(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N)bis(triphenylphosphine-κP)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate, [RuH(C12H8N2)(C18H15P)2(CO)]PF6, carbonylhydrido(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N)bis(triphenylphosphine-κP)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate, and carbonylhydrido(4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N)bis(triphenylphosphine-κP)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate, both [RuH(C14H12N2)(C18H15P)2(CO)]PF6, were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction methods. In these complexes, the ruthenium(II) ion adopts a distorted octahedral geometry. There are no intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the crystal structures of the analysed complexes and Hirshfeld surface analysis showed that the H...H contacts constitute a high percentage, close to 50%, of the intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Wysocki
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Siedlce, 3-Maja 54, Siedlce 08-110, Poland
| | - Anna Kamecka
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Siedlce, 3-Maja 54, Siedlce 08-110, Poland
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4
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Palion-Gazda J, Kwiecień A, Choroba K, Penkala M, Kryczka A, Machura B. The Role of Intraligand Charge Transfer Processes in Iridium(III) Complexes with Morpholine-Decorated 4'-Phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine. Molecules 2024; 29:3074. [PMID: 38999026 PMCID: PMC11243112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact of the electron-donating morpholinyl (morph) group on the ground- and excited-state properties of two different types of Ir(III) complexes, [IrCl3(R-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)] and [Ir(R-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)2](PF6)3, the compounds [IrCl3(morph-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)] (1A), 4[Ir(morph-C6H4-terpy-κ3N)2](PF6)3 (2A), [IrCl3(Ph-terpy-κ3N)] (1B) and [Ir(Ph-terpy-κ3N)2](PF6)3 (2B) were obtained. Their photophysical properties were comprehensively investigated with the aid of static and time-resolved spectroscopic methods accompanied by theoretical DFT/TD-DFT calculations. In the case of bis-terpyridyl iridium(III) complexes, the attachment of the morpholinyl group induced dramatic changes in the absorption and emission characteristics, manifested by the appearance of a new, very strong visible absorption tailing up to 600 nm, and a significant bathochromic shift in the emission of 2A relative to the model chromophore. The emission features of 2A and 2B were found to originate from the triplet excited states of different natures: intraligand charge transfer (3ILCT) for 2A and intraligand with a small admixture of metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3IL-3MLCT) for 2B. The optical properties of the mono-terpyridyl iridium(III) complexes were less significantly impacted by the morpholinyl substituent. Based on UV-Vis absorption spectra, emission wavelengths and lifetimes in different environments, transient absorption studies, and theoretical calculations, it was demonstrated that the visible absorption and emission features of 1A are governed by singlet and triplet excited states of a mixed MLLCT-ILCT nature, with a dominant contribution of the first component, that is, metal-ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (MLLCT). The involvement of ILCT transitions was reflected by an enhancement of the molar extinction coefficients of the absorption bands of 1A in the range of 350-550 nm, and a small red shift in its emission relative to the model chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Palion-Gazda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kwiecień
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Choroba
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Kryczka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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5
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Trommenschlager A, Mabrouk N, Racoeur C, Godard A, Balan C, Dubrez L, Bettaïeb A, Husson J, Le Gendre P, Paul C, Bodio E. From the Design of Innovative Ti-Pt Heterometallic Complexes to the Development of Highly Anti-Proliferative Water-Soluble Cationic Titanocenes. Chembiochem 2024:e202400099. [PMID: 38749920 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Two innovative early/late Ti-Pt-heterobimetallic complexes were synthesized, characterized, and screened in cell-based assays using several human (SW480 and MDA-MB-231) and murine cancer cell lines (CT26 and EMT6) as well as a non-cancerous cell line (HMEC). The combination of the two metals - titanium(IV) and platinum (IV) - in a single molecule led to a synergistic biological activity (higher anti-proliferative properties than a mixture of each of the corresponding monometallic complexes). This study also investigated the benefits of associating a metal-free terpyridine moiety (with intrinsic biological activity) with a water-soluble titanocene fragment. The present work reveals that these combinations results in water-soluble titanocene compounds displaying an anti-proliferative activity down to the submicromolar level. One of these complexes induced an antitumor effect in vivo in CT26 tumor bearing BALB/C mice. The terpyridine moiety was also used to track the complex in vitro by multiphoton microscopy imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Trommenschlager
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Nesrine Mabrouk
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers (LIIC, EA7269) EPHE, PSL Research University, 75000, Paris, France, Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Cindy Racoeur
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers (LIIC, EA7269) EPHE, PSL Research University, 75000, Paris, France, Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Amélie Godard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Cédric Balan
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Dubrez
- LNC UMR1231, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Ali Bettaïeb
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers (LIIC, EA7269) EPHE, PSL Research University, 75000, Paris, France, Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Husson
- Institut UTINAM UMR6213, Univ. de Franche-Comté, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Le Gendre
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Paul
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers (LIIC, EA7269) EPHE, PSL Research University, 75000, Paris, France, Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Ewen Bodio
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
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6
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Ballico M, Alessi D, Aneggi E, Busato M, Zuccaccia D, Allegri L, Damante G, Jandl C, Baratta W. Cyclometalated and NNN Terpyridine Ruthenium Photocatalysts and Their Cytotoxic Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:2146. [PMID: 38731639 PMCID: PMC11085208 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The cyclometalated terpyridine complexes [Ru(η2-OAc)(NC-tpy)(PP)] (PP = dppb 1, (R,R)-Skewphos 4, (S,S)-Skewphos 5) are easily obtained from the acetate derivatives [Ru(η2-OAc)2(PP)] (PP = dppb, (R,R)-Skewphos 2, (S,S)-Skewphos 3) and tpy in methanol by elimination of AcOH. The precursors 2, 3 are prepared from [Ru(η2-OAc)2(PPh3)2] and Skewphos in cyclohexane. Conversely, the NNN complexes [Ru(η1-OAc)(NNN-tpy)(PP)]OAc (PP = (R,R)-Skewphos 6, (S,S)-Skewphos 7) are synthesized in a one pot reaction from [Ru(η2-OAc)2(PPh3)2], PP and tpy in methanol. The neutral NC-tpy 1, 4, 5 and cationic NNN-tpy 6, 7 complexes catalyze the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone (S/C = 1000) in 2-propanol with NaOiPr under light irradiation at 30 °C. Formation of (S)-1-phenylethanol has been observed with 4, 6 in a MeOH/iPrOH mixture, whereas the R-enantiomer is obtained with 5, 7 (50-52% ee). The tpy complexes show cytotoxic activity against the anaplastic thyroid cancer 8505C and SW1736 cell lines (ED50 = 0.31-8.53 µM), with the cationic 7 displaying an ED50 of 0.31 µM, four times lower compared to the enantiomer 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Ballico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (D.A.); (E.A.); (M.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Dario Alessi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (D.A.); (E.A.); (M.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Eleonora Aneggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (D.A.); (E.A.); (M.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Marta Busato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (D.A.); (E.A.); (M.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Daniele Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (D.A.); (E.A.); (M.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Lorenzo Allegri
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Istituto di Genetica Medica, Università di Udine, Via Chiusaforte, F3, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (L.A.); (G.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Istituto di Genetica Medica, Università di Udine, Via Chiusaforte, F3, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (L.A.); (G.D.)
| | - Christian Jandl
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 1, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany;
| | - Walter Baratta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, Via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy; (D.A.); (E.A.); (M.B.); (D.Z.)
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7
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Xu X, Marlton SJP, Flint KL, Hudson RJ, Keene FR, Hall CR, Smith TA. Photophysical Studies of Helicate and Mesocate Double-Stranded Dinuclear Ru(II) Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38640443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The metal-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) and phosphorescence-quenching metal-centered (3MC) states of the helicate and mesocate diastereoisomers of a double-stranded dinuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complex have been investigated using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. At 294 K, transient signals of the helicate decayed significantly slower than those of the mesocate, whereas at 77 K, no clear contrast in kinetics was observed. Contributions to excited-state decay from high-lying 3MLCT states were identified at both temperatures. Spectroscopic data (294 K) suggest that the 3MC state of the helicate lies above the 3MLCT and that the reverse is true for the mesocate; this was further validated by density functional theory calculations. The stabilization of the 3MC state relative to the 3MLCT state in the mesocate was explained by a reduction in ligand field strength due to distortion near the ligand bridge, which causes further deviation from octahedral geometry compared to the helicate. This work illustrates how minor structural differences can significantly influence excited state dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Xu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Samuel J P Marlton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kate L Flint
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Rohan J Hudson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - F Richard Keene
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Christopher R Hall
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Trevor A Smith
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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8
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Das S, Bar M, Ganguly T, Baitalik S. Control of Photoisomerization Kinetics via Multistage Switching in Bimetallic Ru(II)-Terpyridine Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6600-6615. [PMID: 38557011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we carried out detailed experimental and theoretical investigation on photophysical, electrochemical, and photoisomerization behaviors of a new array of luminescent binuclear Ru(II) complexes derived from a phenylene-vinylene-substituted terpyridyl ligand possessing RT lifetimes within 60.3-410.5 ns. The complexes experienced trans-to-cis isomerization in MeCN on irradiation with visible light, accompanied by significant changes in their absorption and emission spectral profiles. The reverse cis-to-trans process is also possible with the use of ultraviolet (UV) light. On conversion from trans to cis isomers, the emission intensity increases substantially, while for the reverse process, luminescence quenching occurs. Thus, "off-on" and "on-off" emission switching is facilitated upon treatment with visible and UV light alternatively. By the use of chemical oxidants (ceric ammonium nitrate and potassium permanganate) and reductants (metallic sodium) as well as light of appropriate wavelengths, multistate switching phenomena involving reversible oxidation-reduction and trans-cis isomerization have been achieved. Interestingly, the rate of this multistate photoswitching process becomes much faster compared to only two-state trans-cis isomerization of these complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent-DFT (TD-DFT) calculations are also performed to obtain a clear picture of the electronic environment of the complexes and also for the appropriate assignment of absorption and emission spectral bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Das
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Manoranjan Bar
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tanusree Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sujoy Baitalik
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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9
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Curley R, Burke CS, Gkika KS, Noorani S, Walsh N, Keyes TE. Phototoxicity of Tridentate Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complex with Expanded Bite Angles toward Mammalian Cells and Multicellular Tumor Spheroids. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13089-13102. [PMID: 37535942 PMCID: PMC10428208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Tridentate ligand-coordinated ruthenium (II) polypyridyl complexes with large N-Ru-N bite angles have been shown to promote ligand field splitting and reduce singlet-triplet state mixing leading to dramatically extended emission quantum yields and lifetimes under ambient conditions. These effects are anticipated to enhance their photoinduced singlet oxygen production, promoting prospects for such complexes as type II phototherapeutics. In this contribution, we examined this putative effect for [Ru(bqp)(bqpCOOEt)]2+, Ru-bqp-ester, a heteroleptic complex containing bqp = [2,6-bi(quinolin-8-yl)pyridine], a well-established large bite angle tridentate ligand, as well as its peptide conjugates [Ru(bqp)(bqpCONH-ahx-FrFKFrFK(Ac)-CONH2)]5+ (Ru-bqp-MPP) and [Ru(bqp) (bqp)(CONH-ahx-RRRRRRRR-CONH2)]10+ (Ru-bqp-R8) that were prepared in an effort to promote live cell/tissue permeability and targeting of the parent. Membrane permeability of both parent and peptide conjugates were compared across 2D cell monolayers; A549, Chinese hamster ovary, human pancreatic cancer (HPAC), and 3D HPAC multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) using confocal microscopy. Both the parent complex and peptide conjugates showed exceptional permeability with rapid uptake in both 2D and 3D cell models but with little distinction in permeability or distribution in cells between the parent or peptide conjugates. Unexpectedly, the uptake was temperature independent and so attributed to passive permeation. Both dark and photo-toxicity of the Ru(II) complexes were assessed across cell types, and the parent showed notably low dark toxicity. In contrast, the parent and conjugates were found to be highly phototoxic, with impressive phototoxic indices (PIs) toward HPAC cell monolayers in particular, with PI values ranging from ∼580 to 760. Overall, our data indicate that the Ru(II) parent complex and its peptide conjugates show promise at both cell monolayers and 3D MCTS as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhianne
C. Curley
- School
of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 D09 NA55, Ireland
| | - Christopher S. Burke
- School
of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 D09 NA55, Ireland
| | - Karmel S. Gkika
- School
of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 D09 NA55, Ireland
| | - Sara Noorani
- National
Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 D09 NA55, Ireland
| | - Naomi Walsh
- National
Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 D09 NA55, Ireland
| | - Tia E. Keyes
- School
of Chemical Sciences and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 D09 NA55, Ireland
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10
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Ganguly T, Pal P, Maity D, Baitalik S. Synthesis, characterization and emission switching behaviors of styrylphenyl-conjugated Ru(II)-terpyridine complexes via aggregation and trans–cis photoisomerization. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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11
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Yin CW, Tsai MK, Chen YJ. Low-Temperature Observation of the Excited-State Decay of Ruthenium-(Mono-2,2':6',2″-Terpyridine) Ions with Innocent Ligands: DFT Modeling of an 3MLCT- 3MC Intersystem Crossing Pathway. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11623-11633. [PMID: 37008138 PMCID: PMC10061511 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, electrochemistry, and photophysical characterization of five 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine ruthenium complexes (Ru-tpy complexes) is reported. The electrochemical and photophysical behavior varied depending on the ligands, i.e., amine (NH3), acetonitrile (AN), and bis(pyrazolyl)methane (bpm), for this series of Ru-tpy complexes. The target [Ru(tpy)(AN)3]2+ and [Ru(tpy)(bpm)(AN)]2+ complexes were found to have low-emission quantum yields in low-temperature observations. To better understand this phenomenon, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to simulate the singlet ground state (S0), Te, and metal-centered excited states (3MC) of these complexes. The calculated energy barriers between Te and the low-lying 3MC state for [Ru(tpy)(AN)3]2+ and [Ru(tpy)(bpm)(AN)]2+ provided clear evidence in support of their emitting state decay behavior. Developing a knowledge of the underlying photophysics of these Ru-tpy complexes will allow new complexes to be designed for use in photophysical and photochemical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Kang Tsai
- Department
of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, ROC
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan Jang Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, ROC
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12
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Yan X, Xue J, Wang Y. Synthesis and Theoretical and Photophysical Study on a Series of Neutral Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Donor-Metal-Accepter Configuration. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1476-1487. [PMID: 36657168 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to construct a new type of ruthenium(II) terpyridine complexes with activated triplet metal-centered (3MC) states, as well as stabilized triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) states, conducive to fine emissive performances, Ru-1, Ru-2, Ru-3, and Ru-4 were synthesized. Compared with the [Ru(terpyridine)2]2+ prototype (0.25 ns), this series of ruthenium(II) terpyridine complexes exhibit lengthened excited state lifetime (43.3 ns for Ru-1, 52.7 ns for Ru-2, 43.6 ns for Ru-3, and 53.4 ns for Ru-4). Interfragment charge transfer analysis illustrates the electron transfer direction of the four complexes, manifesting their intramolecular charge transfer characteristic. When excited, their lowest-lying triplet states are assigned as 3MLCT based on spin-density surface distribution. The singlet excited states and 3MLCT states were thoroughly studied by UV-visual absorption and nanosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectra, respectively. Photoluminescence spectra revealed their weak broadband near-infrared emission at room temperature and red phosphorescence at 77 K. The low molecular weight and the good thermal stability make Ru-1 and Ru-2 suitable for vaporization coating, while the fine solubility in common organic solvents makes Ru-3 and Ru-4 suitable for solution processing. Furthermore, the intrinsic electroneutrality and favorable energy levels endow them with new potential to be applied in the optoelectronic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianju Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jianan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,Jihua Hengye Electronic Materials CO. LTD. Foshan, Guangdong Province 528200, P. R. China
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13
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Naithani S, Goswami T, Thetiot F, Kumar S. Imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline based luminescent probes for anion recognition: Recent achievements and challenges. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Eichhorn T, Kolbe F, Mišić S, Dimić D, Morgan I, Saoud M, Milenković D, Marković Z, Rüffer T, Dimitrić Marković J, Kaluđerović GN. Synthesis, Crystallographic Structure, Theoretical Analysis, Molecular Docking Studies, and Biological Activity Evaluation of Binuclear Ru(II)-1-Naphthylhydrazine Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010689. [PMID: 36614131 PMCID: PMC9821167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium(II)-arene complexes have gained significant research interest due to their possible application in cancer therapy. In this contribution two new complexes are described, namely [{RuCl(η6-p-cymene)}2(μ-Cl)(μ-1-N,N'-naphthyl)]X (X = Cl, 1; PF6, 2), which were fully characterized by IR, NMR, and elemental microanalysis. Furthermore, the structure of 2 in the solid state was determined by a single crystal X-ray crystallographic study, confirming the composition of the crystals as 2·2MeOH. The Hirshfeld surface analysis was employed for the investigation of interactions that govern the crystal structure of 2·2MeOH. The structural data for 2 out of 2·2MeOH was used for the theoretical analysis of the cationic part [{RuCl(η6-p-cymene)}2(μ-Cl)(μ-1-N,N'-naphthyl)]+ (2a) which is common to both 1 and 2. The density functional theory, at B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) basis set for H, C, N, and Cl atoms and LanL2DZ for Ru ions, was used for the optimization of the 2a structure. The natural bond orbital and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analyses were employed to quantify the intramolecular interactions. The reproduction of experimental IR and NMR spectra proved the applicability of the chosen level of theory. The binding of 1 to bovine serum albumin was examined by spectrofluorimetry and molecular docking, with complementary results obtained. Compound 1 acted as a radical scavenger towards DPPH• and HO• radicals, along with high activity towards cancer prostate and colon cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eichhorn
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Straße 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany
| | - Franz Kolbe
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Straße 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Mišić
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Straße 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ibrahim Morgan
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mohamad Saoud
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dejan Milenković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Institute of Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, Straße der Nationen 62, D-09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Jasmina Dimitrić Marković
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (J.D.M.); (G.N.K.)
| | - Goran N. Kaluđerović
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Straße 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.D.M.); (G.N.K.)
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15
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Ballico M, Alessi D, Jandl C, Lovison D, Baratta W. Terpyridine Diphosphine Ruthenium Complexes as Efficient Photocatalysts for the Transfer Hydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201722. [PMID: 36001351 PMCID: PMC9828271 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The cationic achiral and chiral terpyridine diphosphine ruthenium complexes [RuCl(PP)(tpy)]Cl (PP=dppp (1), (R,R)-Skewphos (2) and (S,S)-Skewphos (3)) are easily obtained in 85-88 % yield through a one-pot synthesis from [RuCl2 (PPh3 )3 ], the diphosphine and 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (tpy) in 1-butanol. Treatment of 1-3 with NaPF6 in methanol at RT affords quantitatively the corresponding derivatives [RuCl(PP)(tpy)]PF6 (PP=dppp (1 a), (R,R)-Skewphos (2 a) and (S,S)-Skewphos (3 a)). Reaction of [RuCl2 (PPh3 )3 ] with (S,R)-Josiphos or (R)-BINAP in toluene, followed by treatment with tpy in 1-butanol and finally with NaPF6 in MeOH gives [RuCl(PP)(tpy)]PF6 (PP=(S,R)-Josiphos (4 a), (R)-BINAP (5 a)) isolated in 78 % and 86 % yield, respectively. The chiral derivatives have been isolated as single stereoisomers and 3 a, 4 a have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The tpy complexes with NaOiPr display high photocatalytic activity in the transfer hydrogenation (TH) of carbonyl compounds using 2-propanol as the only hydrogen donor and visible light at 30 °C, at remarkably high S/C (up to 5000) and TOF values up to 264 h-1 . The chiral enantiomers 2, 2 a and 3, 3 a induce the asymmetric photocatalytic TH of acetophenone, affording (S)- and (R)-1-phenylethanol with 51 and 52 % ee, respectively, in a MeOH/2-propanol mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Ballico
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentariAmbientali e Animali (DI4A)Università di UdineVia Cotonificio 10833100UdineItaly
| | - Dario Alessi
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentariAmbientali e Animali (DI4A)Università di UdineVia Cotonificio 10833100UdineItaly
| | - Christian Jandl
- Department of Chemistry & Catalysis Research CenterTUMLichtenbergstraße 485747Garching b. MünchenGermany
| | - Denise Lovison
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentariAmbientali e Animali (DI4A)Università di UdineVia Cotonificio 10833100UdineItaly
| | - Walter Baratta
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentariAmbientali e Animali (DI4A)Università di UdineVia Cotonificio 10833100UdineItaly
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16
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Duan L, Zheng Q, Tu T. Instantaneous High-Resolution Visual Imaging of Latent Fingerprints in Water Using Color-Tunable AIE Pincer Complexes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202540. [PMID: 35771543 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Instant visualization of latent fingerprints is developed by using a series of water-soluble terpyridine zinc complexes as aggregation-induced emission probes in pure water, under UV light or ambient sunlight. By simply soaking, or spraying with an aqueous solution of the probe, bright yellow fluorescence images with high contrast and resolution are readily developed on various surfaces including tinfoil, glass, paper, steel, leather, and ceramic tile. Remarkably, latent fingerprints can be visualized within seconds including details of whorl and sweat pores. The color of emission can be tuned from blue to orange by modifying the pincer ligands, allowing direct imaging under sunlight. These inexpensive, water-resistant, and color-tunable probes provide a practical approach for latent fingerprints recording and analysis, security protection, as well as criminal investigation in different scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Duan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qingshu Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tao Tu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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17
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Mary A, Jain N, Sakla R, Jose DA, Yadav BS, Naziruddin AR. Ruthenium (II) Complexes Bearing
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene Based C^N Donor Sets in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Mary
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur (MNIT), JLN Marg Jaipur India
| | - Nimisha Jain
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur (MNIT), JLN Marg Jaipur India
| | - Rahul Sakla
- National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - D. Amilan Jose
- National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | | | - Abbas Raja Naziruddin
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur (MNIT), JLN Marg Jaipur India
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18
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Rentschler M, Boden PJ, Argüello Cordero MA, Steiger ST, Schmid MA, Yang Y, Niedner-Schatteburg G, Karnahl M, Lochbrunner S, Tschierlei S. Unexpected Boost in Activity of a Cu(I) Photosensitizer by Stabilizing a Transient Excited State. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12249-12261. [PMID: 35877171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present a slight but surprisingly successful structural modification of the previously reported heteroleptic Cu(I) photosensitizer Cubiipo ([(xantphos)Cu(biipo)]PF6; biipo = 16H-benzo-[4',5']-isoquinolino-[2',1':1,2]-imidazo-[4,5-f]-[1,10]-phenanthrolin-16-one). As a key feature, biipo bears a naphthalimide unit at the back, which is directly fused to a phenanthroline moiety to extend the conjugated π-system. This ligand was now altered to include two additional methyl groups at the 2,9-positions at the phenanthroline scaffold. Comparing the novel Cudmbiipo complex to its predecessor, ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy reveals the efficient suppression of a major deactivation pathway by stabilization of a transient triplet state. Furthermore, quantitative measurements of singlet oxygen evolution in solution confirmed that a larger fraction of the excited-state population is transferred to the photocatalytically active ligand-centered triplet 3LC state with a much longer lifetime of ∼30 μs compared to Cubiipo (2.6 μs). In addition, Cudmbiipo was compared with the well-established reference complex Cubcp ([(xantphos)Cu(bathocuproine)]PF6) in terms of its photophysical and photocatalytic properties by applying time-resolved femto- and nanosecond absorption, step-scan Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and emission spectroscopies. Superior light-harvesting properties and a greatly enhanced excited-state lifetime with respect to Cubcp enable Cudmbiipo to be more active in exemplary photocatalytic applications, i.e., in the formation of singlet oxygen and the isomerization of (E)-stilbene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rentschler
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pit Jean Boden
- Chemistry Department and State Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Miguel A Argüello Cordero
- Institute for Physics and Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sophie Theres Steiger
- Chemistry Department and State Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marie-Ann Schmid
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Yingya Yang
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg
- Chemistry Department and State Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Lochbrunner
- Institute for Physics and Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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19
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Kumar S, Singh S, Kumar A, Murthy K, Kumar Singh A. pH-Responsive luminescence sensing, photoredox catalysis and photodynamic applications of ruthenium(II) photosensitizers bearing imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline scaffolds. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Motimani NM, Ngubane S, Smith GS. Polynuclear heteroleptic ruthenium(II) photoredox catalysts: Evaluation in blue-light-mediated, regioselective thiol-ene reactions. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Benniston AC, Zeng L. Recent Advances in Photorelease Complexes for Therapeutic Applications”. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:4202-4212. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00254j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photorelease complexes represent a class of agents for which UV-visible light triggers the expulsion of a specfic molecule that is intrinsically part of the inner coordination sphere or held in...
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22
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Gamache MT, Auvray T, Kurth DG, Hanan GS. Dinuclear 2,4-di(pyridin-2-yl)-pyrimidine based ruthenium photosensitizers for hydrogen photo-evolution under red light. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16528-16538. [PMID: 34698748 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00868d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report two dinuclear Ru(II) complexes C1 and C2 and compare them to their mononuclear analogues Ref1 and Ref2. The dinuclear species exhibit a much stronger absorption, longer excited-state lifetimes and higher luminescence quantum yields than the mononuclear complexes. In addition, C1 and C2 are easier to reduce. An estimation of the driving forces for the electron transfer processes relevant to photocatalytic hydrogen evolution suggests that C1 and Ref2 possess similar activity as photosensitizer (PS). Yet, the improved photophysical properties of C1 make it a more promising candidate for hydrogen evolution. In hydrogen evolution experiments, C1 indeed exhibits increased activity as PS, however, the catalytic system loses its activity after only a few hours. C2 is less active than the mononuclear complexes despite its superior photophysical properties. This observation is attributed to a lack of driving force for the electron transfer towards the catalyst. Further studies of the dinuclear complex C1 show that it is indeed the PS, which decomposes under the catalytic conditions, presumably due to the electron transfer towards the catalyst being the rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira T Gamache
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.,Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V-03B, Canada
| | - Thomas Auvray
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V-03B, Canada
| | - Dirk G Kurth
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Garry S Hanan
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V-03B, Canada
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