1
|
Pirayesh N, Giridhar M, Ben Khedher A, Vothknecht UC, Chigri F. Organellar calcium signaling in plants: An update. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118948. [PMID: 33421535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a versatile signaling transducer in all eukaryotic organisms. In plants, intracellular changes in free Ca2+ levels act as regulators in many growth and developmental processes. Ca2+ also mediates the cellular responses to environmental stimuli and thus plays an important role in providing stress tolerance to plants. Ca2+ signals are decoded by a tool kit of various families of Ca2+-binding proteins and their downstream targets, which mediate the transformation of the Ca2+ signal into appropriate cellular response. Early interest and research on Ca2+ signaling focused on its function in the cytosol, however it has become evident that this important regulatory pathway also exists in organelles such as nucleus, chloroplast, mitochondria, peroxisomes and the endomembrane system. In this review, we give an overview on the knowledge about organellar Ca2+ signaling with a focus on recent advances and developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Pirayesh
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maya Giridhar
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ahlem Ben Khedher
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute C Vothknecht
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Fatima Chigri
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Charpentier M. Calcium Signals in the Plant Nucleus: Origin and Function. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4986421. [PMID: 29718301 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The universality of calcium as an intracellular messenger depends on the dynamics of its spatial and temporal release from calcium stores. Accumulating evidence over the past two decades supports an essential role for nuclear calcium signalling in the transduction of specific stimuli into cellular responses. This review focusses on mechanisms underpinning changes in nuclear calcium concentrations and discusses what is known so far, about the origin of the nuclear calcium signals identified, primarily in the context of microbial symbioses and abiotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Charpentier
- John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and developmental Biology, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang F, Luo J, Ning T, Cao W, Jin X, Zhao H, Wang Y, Han S. Cytosolic and Nucleosolic Calcium Signaling in Response to Osmotic and Salt Stresses Are Independent of Each Other in Roots of Arabidopsis Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1648. [PMID: 28983313 PMCID: PMC5613247 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Calcium acts as a universal second messenger in both developmental processes and responses to environmental stresses. Previous research has shown that a number of stimuli can induce [Ca2+] increases in both the cytoplasm and nucleus in plants. However, the relationship between cytosolic and nucleosolic calcium signaling remains obscure. Here, we generated transgenic plants containing a fusion protein, comprising rat parvalbumin (PV) with either a nuclear export sequence (PV-NES) or a nuclear localization sequence (NLS-PV), to selectively buffer the cytosolic or nucleosolic calcium. Firstly, we found that the osmotic stress-induced cytosolic [Ca2+] increase (OICIcyt) and the salt stress-induced cytosolic [Ca2+] increase (SICIcyt) were impaired in the PV-NES lines compared with the Arabidopsis wildtype (WT). Similarly, the osmotic stress-induced nucleosolic [Ca2+] increase (OICInuc) and salt stress-induced nucleosolic [Ca2+] increase (SICInuc) were also disrupted in the NLS-PV lines. These results indicate that PV can effectively buffer the increase of [Ca2+] in response to various stimuli in Arabidopsis. However, the OICIcyt and SICIcyt in the NLS-PV plants were similar to those in the WT, and the OICInuc and SICInuc in the PV-NES plants were also same as those in the WT, suggesting that the cytosolic and nucleosolic calcium dynamics are mutually independent. Furthermore, we found that osmotic stress- and salt stress-inhibited root growth was reduced dramatically in the PV-NES and NLS-PV lines, while the osmotic stress-induced increase of the lateral root primordia was higher in the PV-NES plants than either the WT or NLS-PV plants. In addition, several stress-responsive genes, namely CML37, DREB2A, MYB2, RD29A, and RD29B, displayed diverse expression patterns in response to osmotic and salt stress in the PV-NES and NLS-PV lines when compared with the WT. Together, these results imply that the cytosolic and nucleosolic calcium signaling coexist to play the pivotal roles in the growth and development of plants and their responses to environment stresses.
Collapse
|
4
|
Begum MA, Shi XX, Tan Y, Zhou WW, Hannun Y, Obeid L, Mao C, Zhu ZR. Molecular Characterization of Rice OsLCB2a1 Gene and Functional Analysis of its Role in Insect Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1789. [PMID: 27990147 PMCID: PMC5130998 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In plants, sphingolipids, such as long-chain bases (LCBs), act as bioactive molecules in stress responses. Until now, it is still not clear if these lipids are involved in biotic stress responses to herbivore. Herein we report that a rice LCB gene, OsLCB2a1 encoding a subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), a key enzyme responsible for the de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids, plays a critical role in plant defense response to the brown planthopper (BPH) attack and that its up-regulation protects plants from herbivore infestation. Transcripts of OsLCB2a1 gene in rice seedlings were increased at 4 h, but decreased at 8-24 h after BPH attack. Sphingolipid measurement profiling revealed that overexpression of OsLCB2a1 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased trihydroxylated LCB phytosphingosine (t18:0) and phytoceramide by 1.7 and 1.3-fold, respectively, compared with that of wild type (WT) plants. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants also showed higher callose and wax deposition in leaves than that of WT. Overexpression of OsLCB2a1 gene in A. thaliana reduced the population size of green peach aphid (Myzus persicae). Moreover, the electrical penetration graph (EPG) results indicated that the aphids encounter resistance factors while reaching for the phloem on the transgenic plants. The defense response genes related to salicylic acid signaling pathway, remained uplgulated in the OsLCB2a1-overexpressing transgenic plants. Our data highlight the key functions of OsLCB2a1 in biotic stress response in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahfuj A. Begum
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Ye Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Wu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yusuf Hannun
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, The State University of New York at Stony BrookNew York, NY, USA
| | - Lina Obeid
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, The State University of New York at Stony BrookNew York, NY, USA
| | - Cungui Mao
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, The State University of New York at Stony BrookNew York, NY, USA
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Testard A, Da Silva D, Ormancey M, Pichereaux C, Pouzet C, Jauneau A, Grat S, Robe E, Brière C, Cotelle V, Mazars C, Thuleau P. Calcium- and Nitric Oxide-Dependent Nuclear Accumulation of Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Response to Long Chain Bases in Tobacco BY-2 Cells. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:2221-2231. [PMID: 27585463 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sphinganine or dihydrosphingosine (d18:0, DHS), one of the most abundant free sphingoid long chain bases (LCBs) in plants, is known to induce a calcium-dependent programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. In addition, in tobacco BY-2 cells, it has been shown that DHS triggers a rapid production of H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO). Recently, in analogy to what is known in the animal field, plant cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC), a ubiquitous enzyme involved in glycolysis, has been suggested to fulfill other functions associated with its oxidative post-translational modifications such as S-nitrosylation on cysteine residues. In particular, in mammals, stress signals inducing NO production promote S-nitrosylation of GAPC and its subsequent translocation into the nucleus where the protein participates in the establishment of apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the behavior of GAPC in tobacco BY-2 cells treated with DHS. We found that upon DHS treatment, an S-nitrosylated form of GAPC accumulated in the nucleus. This accumulation was dependent on NO production. Two genes encoding GAPCs, namely Nt(BY-2)GAPC1 and Nt(BY-2)GAPC2, were cloned. Transient overexpression of Nt(BY-2)GAPC-green fluorescent protein (GFP) chimeric constructs indicated that both proteins localized in the cytoplasm as well as in the nucleus. Mutating into serine the two cysteine residues thought to be S-nitrosylated in response to DHS did not modify the localization of the proteins, suggesting that S-nitrosylation of GAPCs was probably not necessary for their nuclear relocalization. Interestingly, using Förster resonance energy transfer experiments, we showed that Nt(BY-2)GAPCs interact with nucleic acids in the nucleus. When GAPCs were mutated on their cysteine residues, their interaction with nucleic acids was abolished, suggesting a role for GAPCs in the protection of nucleic acids against oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambroise Testard
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Daniel Da Silva
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Mélanie Ormancey
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Carole Pichereaux
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale IPBS CNRS, Fédération de Recherche 3450 Agrobiosciences Interactions et Biodiversités, Plateforme Protéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Pouzet
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 3450, Plateforme Imagerie-Microscopie, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Alain Jauneau
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 3450, Plateforme Imagerie-Microscopie, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Sabine Grat
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eugénie Robe
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christian Brière
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Valérie Cotelle
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christian Mazars
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Patrice Thuleau
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, Auzeville, BP42617, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Coursol S, Fromentin J, Noirot E, Brière C, Robert F, Morel J, Liang YK, Lherminier J, Simon-Plas F. Long-chain bases and their phosphorylated derivatives differentially regulate cryptogein-induced production of reactive oxygen species in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) BY-2 cells. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 205:1239-1249. [PMID: 25303640 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The proteinaceous elicitor cryptogein triggers defence reactions in Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) through a signalling cascade, including the early production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the plasma membrane (PM)-located tobacco respiratory burst oxidase homologue D (NtRbohD). Sphingolipid long-chain bases (LCBs) are emerging as potent positive regulators of plant defence-related mechanisms. This led us to question whether both LCBs and their phosphorylated derivatives (LCB-Ps) are involved in the early signalling process triggered by cryptogein in tobacco BY-2 cells. Here, we showed that cryptogein-induced ROS production was inhibited by LCB kinase (LCBK) inhibitors. Additionally, Arabidopsis thaliana sphingosine kinase 1 and exogenously supplied LCB-Ps increased cryptogein-induced ROS production, whereas exogenously supplied LCBs had a strong opposite effect, which was not driven by a reduction in cellular viability. Immunogold-electron microscopy assay also revealed that LCB-Ps are present in the PM, which fits well with the presence of a high LCBK activity associated with this fraction. Our data demonstrate that LCBs and LCB-Ps differentially regulate cryptogein-induced ROS production in tobacco BY-2 cells, and support a model in which a cooperative synergism between LCBK/LCB-Ps and NtRbohD/ROS in the cryptogein signalling pathway is likely at the PM in tobacco BY-2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Coursol
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78026, Versailles, France
| | - Jérôme Fromentin
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS 6300, BP 86510, F-21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Elodie Noirot
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS 6300, BP 86510, F-21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Christian Brière
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, UMR 5546, Université de Toulouse, BP 42617, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UMR 5546, BP 42617, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Franck Robert
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS 6300, BP 86510, F-21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Johanne Morel
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS 6300, BP 86510, F-21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Yun-Kuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jeannine Lherminier
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS 6300, BP 86510, F-21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Simon-Plas
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, ERL CNRS 6300, BP 86510, F-21065, Dijon Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Three homologous genes encoding functional ∆8-sphingolipid desaturase in Populus tomentosa. Genes Genomics 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-013-0167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Thuleau P, Aldon D, Cotelle V, Brière C, Ranty B, Galaud JP, Mazars C. Relationships between calcium and sphingolipid-dependent signalling pathways during the early steps of plant-pathogen interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1833:1590-4. [PMID: 23219859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An increase in cellular calcium ion (Ca(2+)) concentration is now acknowledged to be one of the earliest events occurring during the induction of plant defence responses to a wide variety of pathogens. Sphingoid long-chain bases (LCBs) have also been recently demonstrated to be important mediators of defence-related programmed cell death during pathogen attack. Here, we present recent data highlighting how Ca(2+) and LCBs may be interconnected to regulate cellular processes which lead either to plant susceptibility or to resistance mechanisms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 12th European Symposium on Calcium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Thuleau
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang H, Li L, Yu Y, Mo J, Sun L, Liu B, Li D, Song F. Cloning and characterization of two rice long-chain base kinase genes and their function in disease resistance and cell death. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:117-27. [PMID: 23054004 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolites such as long-chain base 1-phosphates (LCBPs) have been shown to play an important role in plants; however, little is known about their function in plant disease resistance and programmed cell death (PCD). In the present study, we cloned and identified two rice long-chain base kinase (LCBK) genes (OsLCBK1 and OsLCBK2), which are involved in biosynthesis of LCBPs, and performed functional analysis in transgenic tobacco. Expression of OsLCBK1 and OsLCBK2 was induced in rice seedlings after treatments with defense signaling molecules and after infection by Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of blast disease. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing OsLCBK1 were generated and disease resistance assays indicate that the OsLCBK1-overexpressing plants showed enhanced disease resistance against Pseudmonas syringae pv. tabacci, the causal agent of wildfire disease, and tobacco mosaic virus. Expression levels of some defense-related genes were constitutively up-regulated and further induced after pathogen infection in the OsLCBK1-overexpressing plants. Treatment with fungal toxin fumonisin B1, an effective inducer of PCD in plants, resulted in reduced level of cell death in the OsLCBK1-overexpressing plants, as indicated by cell death staining, leakage of electrolyte and expression of hypersensitive response indicator genes. These data suggest that rice LCBKs, probably through regulation of endogenous LCBP level, play important roles in disease resistance response and PCD in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Zhai J, Mo J, Li D, Song F. Overexpression of rice sphingosine-1-phoshpate lyase gene OsSPL1 in transgenic tobacco reduces salt and oxidative stress tolerance. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 54:652-62. [PMID: 22889013 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2012.01150.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, including sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), have been shown to function as signaling mediators to regulate diverse aspects of plant growth, development, and stress response. In this study, we performed functional analysis of a rice (Oryza sativa) S1P lyase gene OsSPL1 in transgenic tobacco plants and explored its possible involvement in abiotic stress response. Overexpression of OsSPL1 in transgenic tobacco resulted in enhanced sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), and decreased tolerance to salt and oxidative stress, when compared with the wild type. Furthermore, the expression levels of some selected stress-related genes in OsSPL1-overexpressing plants were reduced after application of salt or oxidative stress, indicating that the altered responsiveness of stress-related genes may be responsible for the reduced tolerance in OsSPL1-overexpressing tobacco plants under salt and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that rice OsSPL1 plays an important role in abiotic stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Berkey R, Bendigeri D, Xiao S. Sphingolipids and plant defense/disease: the "death" connection and beyond. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 3:68. [PMID: 22639658 PMCID: PMC3355615 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids comprise a major class of structural materials and lipid signaling molecules in all eukaryotic cells. Over the past two decades, there has been a phenomenal growth in the study of sphingolipids (i.e., sphingobiology) at an average rate of ∼1000 research articles per year. Sphingolipid studies in plants, though accounting for only a small fraction (∼6%) of the total number of publications, have also enjoyed proportionally rapid growth in the past decade. Concomitant with the growth of sphingobiology, there has also been tremendous progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of plant innate immunity. In this review, we (i) cross examine and analyze the major findings that establish and strengthen the intimate connections between sphingolipid metabolism and plant programmed cell death (PCD) associated with plant defense or disease; (ii) highlight and compare key bioactive sphingolipids involved in the regulation of plant PCD and possibly defense; (iii) discuss the potential role of sphingolipids in polarized membrane/protein trafficking and formation of lipid rafts as subdomains of cell membranes in relation to plant defense; and (iv) where possible, attempt to identify potential parallels for immunity-related mechanisms involving sphingolipids across kingdoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Berkey
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of MarylandRockville, MD, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA
| | - Dipti Bendigeri
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of MarylandRockville, MD, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of MarylandRockville, MD, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stael S, Wurzinger B, Mair A, Mehlmer N, Vothknecht UC, Teige M. Plant organellar calcium signalling: an emerging field. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:1525-42. [PMID: 22200666 PMCID: PMC3966264 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the established and emerging roles that organelles play in calcium signalling. The function of calcium as a secondary messenger in signal transduction networks is well documented in all eukaryotic organisms, but so far existing reviews have hardly addressed the role of organelles in calcium signalling, except for the nucleus. Therefore, a brief overview on the main calcium stores in plants-the vacuole, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the apoplast-is provided and knowledge on the regulation of calcium concentrations in different cellular compartments is summarized. The main focus of the review will be the calcium handling properties of chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Recently, it became clear that these organelles not only undergo calcium regulation themselves, but are able to influence the Ca(2+) signalling pathways of the cytoplasm and the entire cell. Furthermore, the relevance of recent discoveries in the animal field for the regulation of organellar calcium signals will be discussed and conclusions will be drawn regarding potential homologous mechanisms in plant cells. Finally, a short overview on bacterial calcium signalling is included to provide some ideas on the question where this typically eukaryotic signalling mechanism could have originated from during evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Stael
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Wurzinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Mair
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Department of Biology I, Botany, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ute C. Vothknecht
- Department of Biology I, Botany, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (Munich) at the Department of Biology of the LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Teige
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Islam MN, Jacquemot MP, Coursol S, Ng CKY. Sphingosine in plants--more riddles from the Sphinx? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012; 193:51-57. [PMID: 22070536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
• Sphingolipids are emerging as important mediators of cellular and developmental processes in plants, and advances in lipidomics have yielded a wealth of information on the composition of plant sphingolipidomes. Studies using Arabidopsis thaliana showed that the dihydroxy long-chain base (LCB) is desaturated at carbon position 8 (d18:1(Δ8)). This raised important questions on the role(s) of sphingosine (d18:1(Δ4)) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (d18:1(Δ4)-P) in plants, as these LCBs appear to be absent in A. thaliana. • Here, we surveyed 21 species from various phylogenetic groups to ascertain the position of desaturation of the d18:1 LCB, in order to gain further insights into the prevalence of d18:1(Δ4) and d18:1(Δ8) in plants. • Our results showed that d18:1(Δ8) is common in gymnosperms, whereas d18:1(Δ4) is widespread within nonseed land plants and the Poales, suggesting that d18:1(Δ4) is evolutionarily more ancient than d18:1(Δ8) in Viridiplantae. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis indicated that the sphingolipid Δ4-desaturases from Viridiplantae form a monophyletic group, with Angiosperm sequences falling into two distinct clades, the Eudicots and the Poales. • We propose that efforts to elucidate the role(s) of d18:1(Δ4) and d18:1(Δ4)-P should focus on genetically tractable Viridiplantae species where the d18:1 LCB is desaturated at carbon position 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Nurul Islam
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Sylvie Coursol
- INRA, UMR 320/UMR 8120 Génétique Végétale, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carl K-Y Ng
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li SF, Song LY, Yin WB, Chen YH, Chen L, Li JL, Wang RRC, Hu ZM. Isolation and functional characterisation of the genes encoding Δ(8)-sphingolipid desaturase from Brassica rapa. J Genet Genomics 2012; 39:47-59. [PMID: 22293117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Δ(8)-Sphingolipid desaturase is the key enzyme that catalyses desaturation at the C8 position of the long-chain base of sphingolipids in higher plants. There have been no previous studies on the genes encoding Δ(8)-sphingolipid desaturases in Brassica rapa. In this study, four genes encoding Δ(8)-sphingolipid desaturases from B. rapa were isolated and characterised. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that these genes could be divided into two groups: BrD8A, BrD8C and BrD8D in group I, and BrD8B in group II. The two groups of genes diverged before the separation of Arabidopsis and Brassica. Though the four genes shared a high sequence similarity, and their coding desaturases all located in endoplasmic reticulum, they exhibited distinct expression patterns. Heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed that BrD8A/B/C/D were functionally diverse Δ(8)-sphingolipid desaturases that catalyse different ratios of the two products 8(Z)- and 8(E)-C18-phytosphingenine. The aluminium tolerance of transgenic yeasts expressing BrD8A/B/C/D was enhanced compared with that of control cells. Expression of BrD8A in Arabidopsis changed the ratio of 8(Z):8(E)-C18-phytosphingenine in transgenic plants. The information reported here provides new insights into the biochemical functional diversity and evolutionary relationship of Δ(8)-sphingolipid desaturase in plants and lays a foundation for further investigation of the mechanism of 8(Z)- and 8(E)-C18-phytosphingenine biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen Li
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mazars C, Brière C, Bourque S, Thuleau P. Nuclear calcium signaling: an emerging topic in plants. Biochimie 2011; 93:2068-74. [PMID: 21683118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The calcium ion is probably one of the most studied second messenger both in plant and animal fields. A large number of reviews have browsed the diversity of cytosolic calcium signatures and evaluated their pleiotropic roles in plant and animal cells. In the recent years, an increasing number of reviews has focused on nuclear calcium, especially on the possible roles of nuclear calcium concentration variations on nuclear activities. Experiments initially performed on animal cells gave conflicting results that brought about a controversy about the ability of the nucleus to generate its own calcium signals and to regulate its calcium level. But in plant cells, several converging scientific pieces of evidence support the hypothesis of nucleus autonomy. The present review briefly summarizes data supporting this hypothesis and tries to put forward some possible roles for these nucleus-generated calcium signals in controlling nuclear activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mazars
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences végétales, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lachaud C, Da Silva D, Amelot N, Béziat C, Brière C, Cotelle V, Graziana A, Grat S, Mazars C, Thuleau P. Dihydrosphingosine-induced programmed cell death in tobacco BY-2 cells is independent of H₂O₂ production. MOLECULAR PLANT 2011; 4:310-8. [PMID: 21199880 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssq077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sphinganine or dihydrosphingosine (d18:0, DHS), one of the most abundant free sphingoid Long Chain Base (LCB) in plants, has been recently shown to induce both cytosolic and nuclear calcium transient increases and a correlated Programmed Cell Death (PCD) in tobacco BY-2 cells. In this study, in order to get deeper insight into the LCB signaling pathway leading to cell death, the putative role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) has been investigated. We show that DHS triggers a rapid dose-dependent production of H₂O₂ that is blocked by diphenyleniodonium (DPI), indicating the involvement of NADPH oxidase(s) in the process. In addition, while DPI does not block DHS-induced calcium increases, the ROS production is inhibited by the broad spectrum calcium channel blocker lanthanum (La³+). Therefore, ROS production occurs downstream of DHS-induced Ca²+ transients. Interestingly, DHS activates expression of defense-related genes that is inhibited by both La³+ and DPI. Since DPI does not prevent DHS-induced cell death, these results strongly indicate that DHS-induced H₂O₂ production is not implicated in PCD mechanisms but rather would be associated to basal cell defense mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lachaud
- UPS, UMR 5546, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Université de Toulouse, BP 42617, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mazars C, Thuleau P, Lamotte O, Bourque S. Cross-talk between ROS and calcium in regulation of nuclear activities. MOLECULAR PLANT 2010; 3:706-18. [PMID: 20522524 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssq024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are acknowledged as crucial second messengers involved in the response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, it is still not clear how these two compounds can play a role in different signaling pathways leading the plant to a variety of processes such as root development or defense against pathogens. Recently, it has been shown that the concept of calcium and ROS signatures, initially discovered in the cytoplasm, can also be extended to the nucleus of plant cells. In addition, it has been clearly proved that both ROS and calcium signals are intimately interconnected. How this cross-talk can finally modulate the translocation and/or the activity of nuclear proteins leading to the control of specific genes expression is the main focus of this review. We will especially focus on how calcium and ROS interact at the molecular level to modify their targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mazars
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, BP 42617, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a ubiquitous class of lipids present in a variety of organisms including eukaryotes and bacteria. In the last two decades, research has focused on characterizing the individual species of this complex family of lipids, which has led to a new field of research called 'sphingolipidomics'. There are at least 500 (and perhaps thousands of) different molecular species of sphingolipids in cells, and in Arabidopsis alone it has been reported that there are at least 168 different sphingolipids. Plant sphingolipids can be divided into four classes: glycosyl inositol phosphoceramides (GIPCs), glycosylceramides, ceramides, and free long-chain bases (LCBs). Numerous enzymes involved in plant sphingolipid metabolism have now been cloned and characterized, and, in general, there is broad conservation in the way in which sphingolipids are metabolized in animals, yeast and plants. Here, we review the diversity of sphingolipids reported in the literature, some of the recent advances in our understanding of sphingolipid metabolism in plants, and the physiological roles that sphingolipids and sphingolipid metabolites play in plant physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mickael O Pata
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR 441-2594 (INRA-CNRS), Chemin de Borde Rouge BP 52627, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jong YJI, Kumar V, O'Malley KL. Intracellular metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) activates signaling cascades distinct from cell surface counterparts. J Biol Chem 2010; 284:35827-38. [PMID: 19840937 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.046276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors are thought to transmit extracellular signals to the cytoplasm from their position on the cell surface. Some receptors, including the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), are also highly expressed on intracellular membranes where they serve unknown functions. Here, we show that activation of cell surface versus intracellular mGluR5 results in unique Ca(2+) signatures leading to unique cellular responses. Specifically, activation of either cell surface or intracellular mGluR5 leads to JNK, Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK), and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-responsive element-binding protein phosphorylation, whereas activation of only intracellular mGluR5 leads to ERK1/2 and Elk-1 phosphorylation. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, the present findings support a role for CaMK kinase in mediating mGluR5-dependent cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-responsive element-binding protein phosphorylation, whereas CaMKII is upstream of intracellular mGluR5-mediated Elk-1 phosphorylation. Consistent with models showing Elk-1 regulating cascades of gene expression, the known Elk-1 targets c-fos and egr1 were up-regulated following intracellular mGluR5 activation, whereas a representative non-Elk-1 target, c-jun, was not. These findings emphasize that glutamate not only serves as a neurotransmitter for cell surface receptors but, when transported into the cell, can also activate intracellular receptors such as mGluR5. Glutamate activation of intracellular mGluR5 serves an important role in the regulation of nuclear Ca(2+), transcriptional activation, and gene expression necessary for physiological processes such as synaptic plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Jiin I Jong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Lachaud C, Da Silva D, Cotelle V, Thuleau P, Xiong TC, Jauneau A, Brière C, Graziana A, Bellec Y, Faure JD, Ranjeva R, Mazars C. Nuclear calcium controls the apoptotic-like cell death induced by d-erythro-sphinganine in tobacco cells. Cell Calcium 2010; 47:92-100. [PMID: 20022633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Studies performed in animals have highlighted the major role of sphingolipids in regulating the balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Sphingolipids have also been shown to induce cell death in plants via calcium-based signalling pathways but the contribution of free cytosolic and/or nuclear calcium in the overall process has never been evaluated. Here, we show that increase in tobacco BY-2 cells of the endogenous content of Long Chain Bases (LCBs) caused by external application of d-erythro-sphinganine (DHS) is followed by immediate dose-dependent elevations of cellular free calcium concentration within the first minute in the cytosol and 10min later in the nucleus. Cells challenged with DHS enter a death process through apoptotic-like mechanisms. Lanthanum chloride, a general blocker of calcium entry, suppresses the cellular calcium variations and the PCD induced by DHS. Interestingly, dl-2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid (AP5) and [(+)-dizocilpine] (MK801), two inhibitors of animal and plant ionotropic glutamate receptors, suppress DHS-induced cell death symptoms by selectively inhibiting the variations of nuclear calcium concentration. The selective action of these compounds demonstrates the crucial role of nuclear calcium signature in controlling DHS-induced cell death in tobacco cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lachaud
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lessire R, Cahoon E, Chapman K, Dyer J, Eastmond P, Heinz E. Highlights of recent progress in plant lipid research. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2009; 47:443-447. [PMID: 19328004 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2009.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Raw fossil material reserves are not inexhaustible and as prices continue to raise it is necessary to find new sources of alternative and renewable energy. Oils from oleaginous field crops (sunflower and rape) with properties close to those of fossil fuel could constitute an alternative source of energy for the production of raw materials. This is the context in which the 18th International Symposium on Plant lipids (ISPL) was held in Bordeaux from 20th to 25th July 2008 at "La Cité Mondiale". The 18th ISPL gathered 270 researchers from 33 countries. Sixty nine oral communications and 136 posters were presented during the 12 sessions of the Symposium. The sessions have covered all the different aspects of the Plant Lipid field including: Surface lipids: suberin, cutin and waxes, Fatty acids, Glycerolipids, Plant lipids as renewable sources of energy, Seed oils and bioengineering of metabolic pathways, Lipid catabolism, Models for lipid studies: lower plants, micro-organisms and others, Modifications of proteins by lipids, Sphingolipids, sterols and isoprenoids, Lipid signaling and plant stress responses, Lipid trafficking and membrane dynamics, New methods and technologies: functional lipidomics, fluxome, modelling. During the ISPL 2008 Bordeaux, important and new information was reported in the different fields. A selection of these results is presented here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Lessire
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS UMR 5200, Case 92, Université V Segalen Bordeaux 2, 1Bordeaux Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mazars C, Bourque S, Mithöfer A, Pugin A, Ranjeva R. Calcium homeostasis in plant cell nuclei. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2009; 181:261-274. [PMID: 19130634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In plant cells, calcium-based signaling pathways are involved in a large array of biological processes, including cell division, polarity, growth, development and adaptation to changing biotic and abiotic environmental conditions. Free calcium changes are known to proceed in a nonstereotypical manner and produce a specific signature, which mirrors the nature, strength and frequency of a stimulus. The temporal aspects of calcium signatures are well documented, but their vectorial aspects also have a profound influence on biological output. Here, we will focus on the regulation of calcium homeostasis in the nucleus. We will discuss data and present hypotheses suggesting that, while interacting with other organelles, the nucleus has the potential to generate and regulate calcium signals on its own.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mazars
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Stéphane Bourque
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Alain Pugin
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Raoul Ranjeva
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Moeder W, Yoshioka K. Lesion mimic mutants: A classical, yet still fundamental approach to study programmed cell death. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2008; 3:764-7. [PMID: 19513227 PMCID: PMC2634370 DOI: 10.4161/psb.3.10.6545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade a substantial number of lesion mimic mutants (LMM) have been isolated and a growing number of the genes have been cloned. It is now becoming clear that these mutants are valuable tools to dissect various aspects of programmed cell death (PCD) and pathogen resistance pathways in plants. Together with other forward genetics approaches LMMs shed light on the PCD machinery in plant cells and revealed important roles for sphingolipids, Ca(2+) and chloroplast-derived porphyrin-metabolites during cell death development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology; and Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF); University of Toronto; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|