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Shi Y, Qin L, Wu M, Zheng J, Xie T, Shao Z. Gut neuroendocrine signaling regulates synaptic assembly in C. elegans. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53267. [PMID: 35748387 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic connections are essential to build a functional brain. How synapses are formed during development is a fundamental question in neuroscience. Recent studies provided evidence that the gut plays an important role in neuronal development through processing signals derived from gut microbes or nutrients. Defects in gut-brain communication can lead to various neurological disorders. Although the roles of the gut in communicating signals from its internal environment to the brain are well known, it remains unclear whether the gut plays a genetically encoded role in neuronal development. Using C. elegans as a model, we uncover that a Wnt-endocrine signaling pathway in the gut regulates synaptic development in the brain. A canonical Wnt signaling pathway promotes synapse formation through regulating the expression of the neuropeptides encoding gene nlp-40 in the gut, which functions through the neuronally expressed GPCR/AEX-2 receptor during development. Wnt-NLP-40-AEX-2 signaling likely acts to modulate neuronal activity. Our study reveals a genetic role of the gut in synaptic development and identifies a novel contribution of the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kim HT, Lee MS, Jeong YM, Ro H, Kim DI, Shin YH, Kim JE, Hwang KS, Choi JH, Bahn M, Lee JJ, Lee SH, Bae YK, Lee JS, Choi JK, Kim NS, Yeo CY, Kim CH. Ottogi Inhibits Wnt/β-catenin Signaling by Regulating Cell Membrane Trafficking of Frizzled8. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13278. [PMID: 29038508 PMCID: PMC5643531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling controls critical developmental processes including tissue/body patterning. Here we report the identification of a novel regulator of Wnt signaling, OTTOGI (OTG), isolated from a large-scale expression screening of human cDNAs in zebrafish embryos. Overexpression of OTG in zebrafish embryos caused dorso-anteriorized phenotype, inhibited the expression of Wnt target genes, and prevented nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. Conversely, knockdown of zebrafish otg using specific antisense morpholino promoted nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and caused ventralization. However, OTG failed to rescue headless-like phenotype induced by inhibition of GSK-3β activity, suggesting that OTG acts upstream of GSK-3β. OTG bound specifically to Frizzled8 (Fz8) receptor and caused retention of Fz8 in the endoplasmic reticulum possibly by preventing N-linked glycosylation of Fz8. Taken together, our data indicate that OTG functions as a novel negative regulator of Wnt signaling during development by the modulation of cell surface expression of Fz receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Taek Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Yun-Mi Jeong
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Shin
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Seok Hwang
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Minjin Bahn
- Department of Life Science and Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Ju Lee
- Genome Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea
| | - Sang H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Young-Ki Bae
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, 410-769, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, 410-769, South Korea
| | - Joong-Kook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 361-763, South Korea
| | - Nam-Soon Kim
- Genome Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea.
| | - Chang-Yeol Yeo
- Department of Life Science and Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea.
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea.
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Zhou W, Dong L, Wang N, Shi JY, Yang JJ, Zuo ZY, Zhou ZQ. Akt mediates GSK-3β phosphorylation in the rat prefrontal cortex during the process of ketamine exerting rapid antidepressant actions. Neuroimmunomodulation 2014; 21:183-8. [PMID: 24504086 DOI: 10.1159/000356517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine may produce rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. Despite the fact that the detailed underlying mechanism remains unknown, recent studies have suggested the involvement of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) signal, respectively, in the process of ketamine exerting antidepressant actions. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which ketamine phosphorylates GSK-3β in the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) via applying vehicle or the antagonists of mTOR signalling pathway proteins including PI3K/Akt, mTOR and p70S6 kinase to the rats in the forced swimming test (FST) prior to ketamine administration, and subsequently observing the levels of phosphorylated GSK-3β, mTOR and p70S6K in rat PFC as well as the immobility time of rats in the FST. Our results revealed that compared to treatment with vehicle, ketamine increased the levels of phosphorylated GSK-3β in rat PFC (p < 0.05), which was attenuated by PI3K/Akt antagonist pretreatment (p < 0.05), but could not be affected by mTOR antagonist or p70S6K antagonist pretreatment. In addition, all the antagonists reversed the ketamine-induced increases in the phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K (p < 0.05). They also all abolished the rapid-acting antidepressant actions of ketamine demonstrated by the increased immobility time of rats in the FST. In conclusion, Akt mediates the phosphorylation of GSK-3β in rat PFC during the process of ketamine exerting rapid antidepressant actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Ye B, Huang L, Gao Z, Chen P, Ni H, Guan S, Zhu Y, Wang JH. The functional upregulation of piriform cortex is associated with cross-modal plasticity in loss of whisker tactile inputs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41986. [PMID: 22927919 PMCID: PMC3424151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-modal plasticity is characterized as the hypersensitivity of remaining modalities after a sensory function is lost in rodents, which ensures their awareness to environmental changes. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying cross-modal sensory plasticity remain unclear. We aim to study the role of different types of neurons in cross-modal plasticity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In addition to behavioral tasks in mice, whole-cell recordings at the excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and their two-photon imaging, were conducted in piriform cortex. We produced a mouse model of cross-modal sensory plasticity that olfactory function was upregulated by trimming whiskers to deprive their sensory inputs. In the meantime of olfactory hypersensitivity, pyramidal neurons and excitatory synapses were functionally upregulated, as well as GABAergic cells and inhibitory synapses were downregulated in piriform cortex from the mice of cross-modal sensory plasticity, compared with controls. A crosswire connection between barrel cortex and piriform cortex was established in cross-modal plasticity. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE An upregulation of pyramidal neurons and a downregulation of GABAergic neurons strengthen the activities of neuronal networks in piriform cortex, which may be responsible for olfactory hypersensitivity after a loss of whisker tactile input. This finding provides the clues for developing therapeutic strategies to promote sensory recovery and substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Ye
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zilong Gao
- State Key Lab for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Ni
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Sudong Guan
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- State Key Lab for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Park M, Shen K. WNTs in synapse formation and neuronal circuitry. EMBO J 2012; 31:2697-704. [PMID: 22617419 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2012.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt proteins play important roles in wiring neural circuits. Wnts regulate many aspects of neural circuit generation through their receptors and distinct signalling pathways. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the functions of Wnts in various aspects of neural circuit formation, including neuronal polarity, axon guidance, synapse formation, and synaptic plasticity in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyoung Park
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Seoul, Korea.
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Gordon LR, Gribble KD, Syrett CM, Granato M. Initiation of synapse formation by Wnt-induced MuSK endocytosis. Development 2012; 139:1023-33. [PMID: 22318632 DOI: 10.1242/dev.071555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In zebrafish, the MuSK receptor initiates neuromuscular synapse formation by restricting presynaptic growth cones and postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) to the center of skeletal muscle cells. Increasing evidence suggests a role for Wnts in this process, yet how muscle cells respond to Wnt signals is unclear. Here, we show that in vivo, wnt11r and wnt4a initiate MuSK translocation from muscle membranes to recycling endosomes and that this transition is crucial for AChR accumulation at future synaptic sites. Moreover, we demonstrate that components of the planar cell polarity pathway colocalize to recycling endosomes and that this localization is MuSK dependent. Knockdown of several core components disrupts MuSK translocation to endosomes, AChR localization and axonal guidance. We propose that Wnt-induced trafficking of the MuSK receptor to endosomes initiates a signaling cascade to align pre- with postsynaptic elements. Collectively, these findings suggest a general mechanism by which Wnt signals shape synaptic connectivity through localized receptor endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Gordon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA
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Synaptic Wnt signaling-a contributor to major psychiatric disorders? J Neurodev Disord 2011; 3:162-74. [PMID: 21533542 PMCID: PMC3180925 DOI: 10.1007/s11689-011-9083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is a key pathway that helps organize development of the nervous system. It influences cell proliferation, cell fate, and cell migration in the developing nervous system, as well as axon guidance, dendrite development, and synapse formation. Given this wide range of roles, dysregulation of Wnt signaling could have any number of deleterious effects on neural development and thereby contribute in many different ways to the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. Some major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorders, are coming to be understood as subtle dysregulations of nervous system development, particularly of synapse formation and maintenance. This review will therefore touch on the importance of Wnt signaling to neurodevelopment generally, while focusing on accumulating evidence for a synaptic role of Wnt signaling. These observations will be discussed in the context of current understanding of the neurodevelopmental bases of major psychiatric diseases, spotlighting schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. In short, this review will focus on the potential role of synapse formation and maintenance in major psychiatric disorders and summarize evidence that defective Wnt signaling could contribute to their pathogenesis via effects on these late neural differentiation processes.
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Ni H, Huang L, Chen N, Zhang F, Liu D, Ge M, Guan S, Zhu Y, Wang JH. Upregulation of barrel GABAergic neurons is associated with cross-modal plasticity in olfactory deficit. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13736. [PMID: 21060832 PMCID: PMC2966404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of a sensory function is often followed by the hypersensitivity of other modalities in mammals, which secures them well-awareness to environmental changes. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying cross-modal sensory plasticity remain to be documented. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Multidisciplinary approaches, such as electrophysiology, behavioral task and immunohistochemistry, were used to examine the involvement of specific types of neurons in cross-modal plasticity. We have established a mouse model that olfactory deficit leads to a whisking upregulation, and studied how GABAergic neurons are involved in this cross-modal plasticity. In the meantime of inducing whisker tactile hypersensitivity, the olfactory injury recruits more GABAergic neurons and their fine processes in the barrel cortex, as well as upregulates their capacity of encoding action potentials. The hyperpolarization driven by inhibitory inputs strengthens the encoding ability of their target cells. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE The upregulation of GABAergic neurons and the functional enhancement of neuronal networks may play an important role in cross-modal sensory plasticity. This finding provides the clues for developing therapeutic approaches to help sensory recovery and substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ni
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Na Chen
- State Key Lab for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyu Zhang
- State Key Lab for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbo Liu
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Ge
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Sudong Guan
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- State Key Lab for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Freyberg Z, Ferrando SJ, Javitch JA. Roles of the Akt/GSK-3 and Wnt signaling pathways in schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug action. Am J Psychiatry 2010; 167:388-96. [PMID: 19917593 PMCID: PMC3245866 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08121873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D(2) receptor antagonism is a unifying property of all antipsychotic drugs in clinical use. Remarkably, the effector molecules through which these medications exert their actions remain poorly characterized. Increasing attention is being focused on Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and wingless (Wnt) signaling pathways, which have been associated with schizophrenia in a number of genetic and postmortem studies. Antipsychotic medications may treat symptoms of psychosis, at least in part, through modulation of levels and activity of Akt, GSK-3, and Wnt-related intracellular signaling. The authors review evidence that Akt/GSK-3 and Wnt-related pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia as well as details of intracellular events related to these molecules mediated by both typical and atypical antipsychotic medications. Further study of Akt/GSK-3 and Wnt signaling may ultimately lead to alternative therapeutics of schizophrenia-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Molecular Recognition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Stephen J. Ferrando
- Department of Psychiatry, The New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA,Department of Public Health, The New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Department of Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Center for Molecular Recognition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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