Brandt EB, Munitz A, Orekov T, Mingler MK, McBride M, Finkelman FD, Rothenberg ME. Targeting IL-4/IL-13 signaling to alleviate oral allergen-induced diarrhea.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;
123:53-8. [PMID:
18996576 DOI:
10.1016/j.jaci.2008.10.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Revised: 09/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/01/2008] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Intestinal anaphylaxis (manifested by acute diarrhea) is dependent on IgE and mast cells.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to define the respective roles of IL-4 and IL-13 and their receptors in disease pathogenesis.
METHODS
Wild-type mice and mice deficient in IL-4, IL-13, and IL-13 receptor (IL-13R) alpha1 (part of the type 2 IL-4 receptor [IL-4R]) were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA)/aluminum potassium sulfate and subsequently given repeated intragastric OVA exposures. The IL-4R alpha chain was targeted with anti-IL-4R alpha mAb before or after intragastric OVA exposures.
RESULTS
IL4(-/-) (and IL4/IL13(-/-)) mice produced almost no IgE and were highly resistant to OVA-induced diarrhea, whereas allergic diarrhea was only partially impaired in IL13(-/-) and IL13Ralpha1(-/-) mice. IL13Ralpha1-deficient mice had decreased IgE levels, despite having normal baseline IL-4 levels. Intestinal mast cell accumulation and activation also depended mainly on IL-4 and, to a lesser extent, on IL-13. Prophylactic anti-IL-4R alpha mAb treatment, which blocks all IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, suppressed development of allergic diarrhea. However, treatment with anti-IL-4R alpha mAb for 7 days only partially suppressed IgE and did not prevent intestinal diarrhea.
CONCLUSION
Endogenously produced IL-13 supplements the ability of IL-4 to induce allergic diarrhea by promoting oral allergen sensitization rather than the effector phase of intestinal anaphylaxis.
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