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Smith LC, Paredes LA, Sampaio RV, Nociti RP, Therrien J, Meirelles FV. Haploid embryos and embryonic stem cells to produce offspring with predetermined parental genomes in cattle. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20240030. [PMID: 39175994 PMCID: PMC11340792 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Selection strategies are performed post-fertilization when the random combination of paternal and maternal genomes has already occurred. It would be greatly advantageous to eliminate meiotic uncertainty by selecting genetically superior gametes before fertilization. To achieve this goal, haploid embryonic cells and embryonic stem cell lineages could be derived, genotyped, and used to substitute gametes. On the paternal side, androgenetic development can be achieved by removing the maternal chromosomes from the oocyte before or after fertilization. We have shown that once developed into an embryo, haploid cells can be removed for genotyping and, if carrying the selected genome, be used to replace sperm at fertilization. A similar strategy can be used on the maternal side by activating the oocyte parthenogenetically and using some embryonic cells for genotyping while the remaining are used to produce diploid embryos by fertilization. Placed together, both androgenetic and parthenogenetic haploid cells that have been genotyped to identify optimal genomes can be used to produce offspring with predetermined genomes. Successes and problems in developing such a breeding platform to achieve this goal are described and discussed below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Charles Smith
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Molecular e Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Luis Aguila Paredes
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology – CEBIOR-BIOREN, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Rafael Vilar Sampaio
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Ricardo Perecin Nociti
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacinthe Therrien
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fértilité, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Flavio Vieira Meirelles
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Molecular e Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
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2
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Lu L, Bai M, Zheng Y, Wang X, Chen Z, Peng R, Finnell RH, Zhao T, Li C, Wu B, Lei Y, Li J, Wang H. The interaction of endorepellin and neurexin triggers neuroepithelial autophagy and maintains neural tube development. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:2260-2272. [PMID: 38702277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) gene encodes the matrix protein Perlecan, and genetic inactivation of this gene creates mice that are embryonic lethal with severe neural tube defects (NTDs). We discovered rare genetic variants of HSPG2 in 10% cases compared to only 4% in controls among a cohort of 369 NTDs. Endorepellin, a peptide cleaved from the domain V of Perlecan, is known to promote angiogenesis and autophagy in endothelial cells. The roles of enderepellin in neurodevelopment remain unclear so far. Our study revealed that endorepellin can migrate to the neuroepithelial cells and then be recognized and bind with the neuroepithelia receptor neurexin in vivo. Through the endocytic pathway, the interaction of endorepellin and neurexin physiologically triggers autophagy and appropriately modulates the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons as a blocker, which is necessary for normal neural tube closure. We created knock-in (KI) mouse models with human-derived HSPG2 variants, using sperm-like stem cells that had been genetically edited by CRISPR/Cas9. We realized that any HSPG2 variants that affected the function of endorepellin were considered pathogenic causal variants for human NTDs given that the severe NTD phenotypes exhibited by these KI embryos occurred in a significantly higher response frequency compared to wildtype embryos. Our study provides a paradigm for effectively confirming pathogenic mutations in other genetic diseases. Furthermore, we demonstrated that using autophagy inhibitors at a cellular level can repress neuronal differentiation. Therefore, autophagy agonists may prevent NTDs resulting from failed autophagy maintenance and neuronal over-differentiation caused by deleterious endorepellin variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meizhu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yufang Zheng
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xiukun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhongzhong Chen
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston 77031, USA
| | - Tongjin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chengtao Li
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - Yunping Lei
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston 77031, USA.
| | - Jinsong Li
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China; Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
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3
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He W, Tang H, Li Y, Wang M, Li Y, Chen J, Gao S, Han Z. Overexpression of Let-7a mitigates diploidization in mouse androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. iScience 2024; 27:109769. [PMID: 38711447 PMCID: PMC11070717 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mouse androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells (mAG-haESCs) can be utilized to uncover gene functions, especially those of genes with recessive effects, and to produce semicloned mice when injected into mature oocytes. However, mouse haploid cells undergo rapid diploidization during long-term culture in vitro and subsequently lose the advantages of haploidy, and the factors that drive diploidization are poorly understood. In this study, we compared the small RNAs (sRNAs) of mAG-haESCs, normal embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and mouse round spermatids by high-throughput sequencing and identified distinct sRNA profiles. Several let-7 family members and miR-290-295 cluster microRNAs (miRNAs) were found significantly differentially transcribed. Knockdown and overexpression experiments showed that let-7a and let-7g suppress diploidization while miR-290a facilitates diploidization. Our study revealed the unique sRNA profile of mAG-haESCs and demonstrated that let-7a overexpression can mitigate diploidization in mAG-haESCs. These findings will help us to better understand mAG-haESCs and utilize them as tools in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenteng He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hongming Tang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Clinical and Translation Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
- Clinical and Translation Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhiming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
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Wang HS, Ma XR, Guo YH. Development and application of haploid embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:116. [PMID: 38654389 PMCID: PMC11040874 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Haploid cells are a kind of cells with only one set of chromosomes. Compared with traditional diploid cells, haploid cells have unique advantages in gene screening and drug-targeted therapy, due to their phenotype being equal to the genotype. Embryonic stem cells are a kind of cells with strong differentiation potential that can differentiate into various types of cells under specific conditions in vitro. Therefore, haploid embryonic stem cells have the characteristics of both haploid cells and embryonic stem cells, which makes them have significant advantages in many aspects, such as reproductive developmental mechanism research, genetic screening, and drug-targeted therapy. Consequently, establishing haploid embryonic stem cell lines is of great significance. This paper reviews the progress of haploid embryonic stem cell research and briefly discusses the applications of haploid embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Song Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 40 Daxue Road, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| | - Xin-Rui Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 40 Daxue Road, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yi-Hong Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 40 Daxue Road, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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5
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Liu S, Xu J, Ai Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Li J, Li Y. Derivation of zebrafish heart-related haploid cells. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad077. [PMID: 38049373 PMCID: PMC11004926 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yirui Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yunbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Yuan S, Gao L, Tao W, Zhan J, Lu G, Zhang J, Zhang C, Yi L, Liu Z, Hou Z, Dai M, Zhao H, Chen ZJ, Liu J, Wu K. Allelic reprogramming of chromatin states in human early embryos. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad328. [PMID: 38449877 PMCID: PMC10917445 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of parental epigenomes in human early embryos remains elusive. To what extent the characteristics of parental epigenomes are conserved between humans and mice is currently unknown. Here, we mapped parental haploid epigenomes using human parthenogenetic and androgenetic embryos. Human embryos have a larger portion of genome with parentally specific epigenetic states than mouse embryos. The allelic patterns of epigenetic states for orthologous regions are not conserved between humans and mice. Nevertheless, it is conserved that maternal DNA methylation and paternal H3K27me3 are associated with the repression of two alleles in humans and mice. In addition, for DNA-methylation-dependent imprinting, we report 19 novel imprinted genes and their associated germline differentially methylated regions. Unlike in mice, H3K27me3-dependent imprinting is not observed in human early embryos. Collectively, allele-specific epigenomic reprogramming is different in humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenli Yuan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, and China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, and China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenrong Tao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jianhong Zhan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, and China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingye Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chuanxin Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lizhi Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, and China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhenbo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, and China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Min Dai
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, and China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Keliang Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Bai G, Li H, Qin P, Guo Y, Yang W, Lian Y, Ye F, Chen J, Wu M, Huang R, Li J, Lu Y, Zhang M. Ca2+-induced release of IQSEC2/BRAG1 autoinhibition under physiological and pathological conditions. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202307117. [PMID: 37787765 PMCID: PMC10548395 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
IQSEC2 (aka BRAG1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) highly enriched in synapses. As a top neurodevelopmental disorder risk gene, numerous mutations are identified in Iqsec2 in patients with intellectual disabilities accompanied by other developmental, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms, though with poorly understood underlying molecular mechanisms. The atomic structures of IQSECs, together with biochemical analysis, presented in this study reveal an autoinhibition and Ca2+-dependent allosteric activation mechanism for all IQSECs and rationalize how each identified Iqsec2 mutation can alter the structure and function of the enzyme. Transgenic mice modeling two pathogenic variants of Iqsec2 (R359C and Q801P), with one activating and the other inhibiting the GEF activity of the enzyme, recapitulate distinct clinical phenotypes in patients. Our study demonstrates that different mutations on one gene such as Iqsec2 can have distinct neurological phenotypes and accordingly will require different therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengwei Qin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanfa Yang
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Yinmiao Lian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruifeng Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youming Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- The Institute for Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
- Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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Zheng W, Wang L, He W, Hu X, Zhu Q, Gu L, Jiang C. Transcriptome profiles and chromatin states in mouse androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13436. [PMID: 36855927 PMCID: PMC10472531 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of the haploid blastocyst, containing only one set of chromosomes. Extensive and accurate chromatin remodelling occurs during haESC derivation, but the intrinsic transcriptome profiles and chromatin structure of haESCs have not been fully explored. We profiled the transcriptomes, nucleosome positioning, and key histone modifications of four mouse haESC lines, and compared these profiles with those of other closely-related stem cell lines, MII oocytes, round spermatids, sperm, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. haESCs had transcriptome profiles closer to those of naïve pluripotent stem cells. Consistent with the one X chromosome in haESCs, Xist was repressed, indicating no X chromosome inactivation. haESCs and ESCs shared a similar global chromatin structure. However, a nucleosome depletion region was identified in 2056 promoters in ESCs, which was absent in haESCs. Furthermore, three characteristic spatial relationships were formed between transcription factor motifs and nucleosomes in both haESCs and ESCs, specifically in the linker region, on the nucleosome central surface, and nucleosome borders. Furthermore, the chromatin state of 4259 enhancers was off in haESCs but active in ESCs. Functional annotation of these enhancers revealed enrichment in regulation of the cell cycle, a predominantly reported mechanism of haESC self-diploidization. Notably, the transcriptome profiles and chromatin structure of haESCs were highly preserved during passaging but different from those of differentiated cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenteng He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinjie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qianshu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Cizhong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
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9
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Wang HS, Ma XR, Niu WB, Shi H, Liu YD, Ma NZ, Zhang N, Jiang ZW, Sun YP. Generation of a human haploid neural stem cell line for genome-wide genetic screening. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:734-750. [PMID: 37545755 PMCID: PMC10401418 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i7.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) have been established in many species. Differentiated haploid cell line types in mammals are lacking due to spontaneous diploidization during differentiation that compromises lineage-specific screens.
AIM To derive human haploid neural stem cells (haNSCs) to carry out lineage-specific screens.
METHODS Human haNSCs were differentiated from human extended haESCs with the help of Y27632 (ROCK signaling pathway inhibitor) and a series of cytokines to reduce diploidization. Neuronal differentiation of haNSCs was performed to examine their neural differentiation potency. Global gene expression analysis was con-ducted to compare haNSCs with diploid NSCs and haESCs. Fluorescence activated cell sorting was performed to assess the diploidization rate of extended haESCs and haNSCs. Genetic manipulation and screening were utilized to evaluate the significance of human haNSCs as genetic screening tools.
RESULTS Human haESCs in extended pluripotent culture medium showed more compact and smaller colonies, a higher efficiency in neural differentiation, a higher cell survival ratio and higher stability in haploidy maintenance. These characteristics effectively facilitated the derivation of human haNSCs. These human haNSCs can be generated by differentiation and maintain haploidy and multipotency to neurons and glia in the long term in vitro. After PiggyBac transfection, there were multiple insertion sites in the human haNSCs’ genome, and the insertion sites were evenly spread across all chromosomes. In addition, after the cells were treated with manganese, we were able to generate a list of manganese-induced toxicity genes, demonstrating their utility as genetic screening tools.
CONCLUSION This is the first report of a generated human haploid somatic cell line with a complete genome, proliferative ability and neural differentiation potential that provides cell resources for recessive inheritance and drug targeted screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Song Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Xin-Rui Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Wen-Bin Niu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yi-Dong Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Ning-Zhao Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Zi-Wei Jiang
- Basic Medical School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
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10
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Li Q, Lu J, Yin X, Chang Y, Wang C, Yan M, Feng L, Cheng Y, Gao Y, Xu B, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cui G, Xu L, Sun Y, Zeng R, Li Y, Jing N, Xu GL, Wu L, Tang F, Li J. Base editing-mediated one-step inactivation of the Dnmt gene family reveals critical roles of DNA methylation during mouse gastrulation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2922. [PMID: 37217538 PMCID: PMC10203112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryo development, DNA methylation is established by DNMT3A/3B and subsequently maintained by DNMT1. While much research has been done in this field, the functional significance of DNA methylation in embryogenesis remains unknown. Here, we establish a system of simultaneous inactivation of multiple endogenous genes in zygotes through screening for base editors that can efficiently introduce a stop codon. Embryos with mutations in Dnmts and/or Tets can be generated in one step with IMGZ. Dnmt-null embryos display gastrulation failure at E7.5. Interestingly, although DNA methylation is absent, gastrulation-related pathways are down-regulated in Dnmt-null embryos. Moreover, DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B are critical for gastrulation, and their functions are independent of TET proteins. Hypermethylation can be sustained by either DNMT1 or DNMT3A/3B at some promoters, which are related to the suppression of miRNAs. The introduction of a single mutant allele of six miRNAs and paternal IG-DMR partially restores primitive streak elongation in Dnmt-null embryos. Thus, our results unveil an epigenetic correlation between promoter methylation and suppression of miRNA expression for gastrulation and demonstrate that IMGZ can accelerate deciphering the functions of multiple genes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiansen Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xidi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunjian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Yan
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Feng
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Beiying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidi Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixue Li
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Naihe Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ligang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fuchou Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Saadeldin IM, Tanga BM, Bang S, Seo C, Maigoro AY, Kang H, Cha D, Yun SH, Kim SI, Lee S, Cho J. Isolation, characterization, proteome, miRNAome, and the embryotrophic effects of chicken egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles). Sci Rep 2023; 13:4204. [PMID: 36918605 PMCID: PMC10014936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg yolk constitutes about a third of the structure of the chicken egg however, the molecular structure and physiological effects of egg yolk-derived lipid membranous vesicles are not clearly understood. In this study, for the first record, the egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles, VVs) were isolated, characterized, and used as a supplement for porcine embryo culture. Yolks of ten freshly oviposited eggs were filtered and ultracentrifuged at 100,000 × g for 3 h to obtain a pellet. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis of the pellet revealed bilipid membranous vesicles. Protein contents of the pellet were analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry and the miRNA content was also profiled through BGISEQ-500 sequencer. VVs were supplemented with the in vitro culture medium of day-7 hatched parthenogenetic blastocysts. After 2 days of blastocyst culture, the embryonic cell count was increased in VVs supplemented embryos in comparison to the non-supplemented embryos. TUNEL assay showed that apoptotic cells were increased in control groups when compared with the VVs supplemented group. Reduced glutathione was increased by 2.5 folds in the VVs supplemented group while reactive oxygen species were increased by 5.3 folds in control groups. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that VVs significantly increased the expression of lipid metabolism-associated genes (monoglyceride lipase and lipase E), anti-apoptotic gene (BCL2), and superoxide dismutase, while significantly reducing apoptotic gene (BAX). Culturing embryos on Matrigel basement membrane matrix indicated that VVs significantly enhanced embryo attachment and embryonic stem cell outgrowths compared to the non-supplemented group. This considers the first report to characterize the molecular bioactive cargo contents of egg yolk nanovesicles to show their embryotrophic effect on mammalian embryos. This effect might be attributed to the protein and miRNA cargo contents of VVs. VVs can be used for the formulation of in vitro culture medium for mammalian embryos including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Saadeldin
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bereket Molla Tanga
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggyu Bang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerim Seo
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdulkadir Y Maigoro
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejae Kang
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabin Cha
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Yun
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Il Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-Ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Human zygotic genome activation is initiated from paternal genome. Cell Discov 2023; 9:13. [PMID: 36717546 PMCID: PMC9887001 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although parental genomes undergo extensive epigenetic reprogramming to be equalized after fertilization, whether they play different roles in human zygotic genome activation (ZGA) remains unknown. Here, we mapped parental transcriptomes by using human parthenogenetic (PG) and androgenetic (AG) embryos during ZGA. Our data show that human ZGA is launched at the 8-cell stage in AG and bi-parental embryos, but at the morula stage in PG embryos. In contrast, mouse ZGA occurs at the same stage in PG and AG embryos. Mechanistically, primate-specific ZNF675 with AG-specific expression plays a role in human ZGA initiated from paternal genome at the 8-cell stage. AG-specifically expressed LSM1 is also critical for human maternal RNA degradation (MRD) and ZGA. The allelic expressions of ZNF675 and LSM1 are associated with their allelically epigenetic states. Notably, the paternally specific expressions of ZNF675 and LSM1 are also observed in diploid embryos. Collectively, human ZGA is initiated from paternal genome.
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13
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Chromosome territory reorganization through artificial chromosome fusion is compatible with cell fate determination and mouse development. Cell Discov 2023; 9:11. [PMID: 36693846 PMCID: PMC9873915 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomes occupy discrete spaces in the interphase cell nucleus, called chromosome territory. The structural and functional relevance of chromosome territory remains elusive. We fused chromosome 15 and 17 in mouse haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs), resulting in distinct changes of territories in the cognate chromosomes, but with little effect on gene expression, pluripotency and gamete functions of haESCs. The karyotype-engineered haESCs were successfully implemented in generating heterozygous (2n = 39) and homozygous (2n = 38) mouse models. Mice containing the fusion chromosome are fertile, and their representative tissues and organs display no phenotypic abnormalities, suggesting unscathed development. These results indicate that the mammalian chromosome architectures are highly resilient, and reorganization of chromosome territories can be readily tolerated during cell differentiation and mouse development.
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14
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Wang H, Ma X, Niu W, Shi H, Liu Y, Ma N, Zhang N, Sun Y. Generation of human haploid neural stem cells from parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2332761/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Recently, haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) have been established in many species and widely used in forward and reverse genetic screening. Differentiated haploid cell line types in mammals are lacking due to spontaneous diploidization during differentiation that compromises lineage-specific screens. Human embryonic stem cells are widely used in basic and preclinical research. In this work, we report that human haESCs in extended pluripotent culture medium showed more compact colonies, higher efficiency in neural differentiation, and higher stability in haploidy maintenance, which effectively facilitated the derivation of haNSCs. Human haploid neural stem cells (haNSCs) can be generated by differentiation and maintain haploidy and multipotency to neurons and glia in the long term in vitro. After PiggyBac transfection, there were multiple insertion sites in the haNSC genome and the insertion sites evenly spread across all chromosomes. This is the first human haploid somatic cell line with a complete genome, proliferative ability and neural differentiation potential, which provides cell resources for recessive inheritance and drug targeted screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Xinrui Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Wenbin Niu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Hao Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Yidong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Ningzhao Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Nan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of zhengzhou university
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15
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Oviduct Epithelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Improve Porcine Trophoblast Outgrowth. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110609. [DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine species have a great impact on studies on biomaterial production, organ transplantation and the development of biomedical models. The low efficiency of in vitro-produced embryos to derive embryonic stem cells has made achieving this goal a challenge. The fallopian tube plays an important role in the development of embryos. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by oviductal epithelial cells play an important role in the epigenetic regulation of embryo development. We used artificially isolated oviductal epithelial cells and EVs. In this study, oviductal epithelial cell (OEC) EVs were isolated and characterized through transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticles tracking analysis, western blotting and proteomics. We found that embryo development and blastocyst formation rate was significantly increased (14.3% ± 0.6% vs. 6.0% ± 0.6%) after OEC EVs treatment. According to our data, the inner cell mass (ICM)/trophectoderm (TE) ratio of the embryonic cell number increased significantly after OEC EVs treatment (43.7% ± 2.3% vs. 28.4% ± 2.1%). Meanwhile, the attachment ability of embryos treated with OEV EVs was significantly improved (43.5% ± 2.1% vs. 29.2% ± 2.5%, respectively). Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), we found that the expression of reprogramming genes (POU5F1, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4 and c-Myc) and implantation-related genes (VIM, KRT8, TEAD4 and CDX2) significantly increased in OEC EV-treated embryos. We report that OEC EV treatment can improve the development and implantation abilities of embryos.
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16
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Zhang XM, Yan M, Yang Z, Xiang H, Tang W, Cai X, Wu Q, Liu X, Pei G, Li J. Creation of artificial karyotypes in mice reveals robustness of genome organization. Cell Res 2022; 32:1026-1029. [PMID: 36127403 PMCID: PMC9652337 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Merlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Yan
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xindong Cai
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qigui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Shan Z, Ding L, Zhu C, Sun R, Hong W. Medical care of rare and undiagnosed diseases: Prospects and challenges. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:851-858. [PMID: 38933390 PMCID: PMC11197738 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare and undiagnosed diseases tend to be diverse, misdiagnosed, and difficult to diagnose. In some cases, the disease is progressive and life-threatening. Yet, to date, an estimated 95% of rare diseases have no approved therapy. Therefore, rare and undiagnosed diseases are considered the ultimate challenges for understanding human diseases. Here, we review the research progress, research frontiers, and important scientific issues related to rare and undiagnosed diseases. We mainly focus on five topics: (1) the identification and functional analysis of disease-causing genes; (2) the construction of cells, organoids, and animal models for mechanism validation; (3) subtyping and diagnosis; (4) treatment and drug screening based on causative genes and mutations; and (5) new technologies and methods for studying rare and undiagnosed diseases. In this review, we briefly update and discuss the pathogenic mechanisms and precision medicine for rare and undiagnosed diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Shan
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Caiyun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ruijuan Sun
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Health Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
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18
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Wang LB, Li ZK, Wang LY, Xu K, Ji TT, Mao YH, Ma SN, Liu T, Tu CF, Zhao Q, Fan XN, Liu C, Wang LY, Shu YJ, Yang N, Zhou Q, Li W. A sustainable mouse karyotype created by programmed chromosome fusion. Science 2022; 377:967-975. [PMID: 36007034 DOI: 10.1126/science.abm1964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome engineering has been attempted successfully in yeast but remains challenging in higher eukaryotes, including mammals. Here, we report programmed chromosome ligation in mice that resulted in the creation of new karyotypes in the lab. Using haploid embryonic stem cells and gene editing, we fused the two largest mouse chromosomes, chromosomes 1 and 2, and two medium-size chromosomes, chromosomes 4 and 5. Chromatin conformation and stem cell differentiation were minimally affected. However, karyotypes carrying fused chromosomes 1 and 2 resulted in arrested mitosis, polyploidization, and embryonic lethality, whereas a smaller fused chromosome composed of chromosomes 4 and 5 was able to be passed on to homozygous offspring. Our results suggest the feasibility of chromosome-level engineering in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Le-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tian-Tian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Huan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Si-Nan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Cheng-Fang Tu
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xu-Ning Fan
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - You-Jia Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
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19
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Zhou Q. Progress in modern reproductive biology research in China. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:3-11. [PMID: 35699410 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive biology is closely associated with human health and social progress. Modern reproductive biology research in China began in the 1930s. Advances in science, technology, government support and international collaborations spawned the rapid growth of reproductive biology research in China. While the development of reproductive biology has provided both theoretical knowledge and applicable technologies, it has also generated new social and ethical concerns. This review summarizes and highlights the contributions of modern reproductive biology research in China, with a specific focus on aspects that are most related to human reproduction and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
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20
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Liu C, Li W. Advances in haploid embryonic stem cell research. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:250-260. [PMID: 35639627 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploid embryonic stem cells are embryonic stem cells of a special type. Their nuclei contain one complete set of genetic material, and they are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. The emergence of haploid embryonic stem cells has aided research in functional genomics, genetic imprinting, parthenogenesis, genetic screening, and somatic cell nuclear transfer. This article reviews current issues in haploid stem cell research based on reports published in recent years and assesses the potential applications of these cells in somatic cell nuclear transfer, genome imprinting, and parthenogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Yanagimachi R. Mysteries and unsolved problems of mammalian fertilization and related topics. Biol Reprod 2022; 106:644-675. [PMID: 35292804 PMCID: PMC9040664 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian fertilization is a fascinating process that leads to the formation of a new individual. Eggs and sperm are complex cells that must meet at the appropriate time and position within the female reproductive tract for successful fertilization. I have been studying various aspects of mammalian fertilization over 60 years. In this review, I discuss many different aspects of mammalian fertilization, some of my laboratory's contribution to the field, and discuss enigmas and mysteries that remain to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuzo Yanagimachi
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Hawaii Medical School, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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22
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Hu B, Cheng Z, Liang S. Advantages and prospects of stem cells in nanotoxicology. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132861. [PMID: 34774913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been widely used in many fields, especially in biomedical and stem cell therapy. However, the potential risks associated with nanomaterials applications are also gradually increasing. Therefore, effective and robust toxicology models are critical to evaluate the developmental toxicity of nanomaterials. The development of stem cell research provides a new idea of developmental toxicology. Recently, many researchers actively investigated the effects of nanomaterials with different sizes and surface modifications on various stem cells (such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult stem cells, etc.) to study the toxic effects and toxic mechanisms. In this review, we summarized the effects of nanomaterials on the proliferation and differentiation of ESCs, mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells. Moreover, we discussed the advantages of stem cells in nanotoxicology compared with other cell lines. Finally, combined with the latest research methods and new molecular mechanisms, we analyzed the application of stem cells in nanotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, China.
| | - Zhanwen Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shengxian Liang
- Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000, China
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23
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Zhang H, Li Y, Ma Y, Lai C, Yu Q, Shi G, Li J. Epigenetic integrity of paternal imprints enhances the developmental potential of androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. Protein Cell 2021; 13:102-119. [PMID: 34865203 PMCID: PMC8783938 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of two inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β (2i) promotes the generation of mouse diploid and haploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the inner cell mass of biparental and uniparental blastocysts, respectively. However, a system enabling long-term maintenance of imprints in ESCs has proven challenging. Here, we report that the use of a two-step a2i (alternative two inhibitors of Src and Gsk3β, TSa2i) derivation/culture protocol results in the establishment of androgenetic haploid ESCs (AG-haESCs) with stable DNA methylation at paternal DMRs (differentially DNA methylated regions) up to passage 60 that can efficiently support generating mice upon oocyte injection. We also show coexistence of H3K9me3 marks and ZFP57 bindings with intact DMR methylations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that TSa2i-treated AG-haESCs are a heterogeneous cell population regarding paternal DMR methylation. Strikingly, AG-haESCs with late passages display increased paternal-DMR methylations and improved developmental potential compared to early-passage cells, in part through the enhanced proliferation of H19-DMR hypermethylated cells. Together, we establish AG-haESCs that can long-term maintain paternal imprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yongjian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chongping Lai
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Animal Core Facility, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Guangyong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China. .,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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24
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Chu C, Zhang W, Kang Y, Si C, Ji W, Niu Y, Zhang Y. Analysis of developmental imprinting dynamics in primates using SNP-free methods to identify imprinting defects in cloned placenta. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2826-2840.e7. [PMID: 34619096 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of genomic imprinting in primates is lagging behind that of mice largely because of the difficulties of allelic analyses in outbred animals. To understand imprinting dynamics in primates, we profiled transcriptomes, DNA methylomes, and H3K27me3 in uniparental monkey embryos. We further developed single-nucleotide-polymorphism (SNP)-free methods, TARSII and CARSII, to identify germline differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in somatic tissues. Our comprehensive analyses showed that allelic DNA methylation, but not H3K27me3, is a major mark that correlates with paternal-biasedly expressed genes (PEGs) in uniparental monkey embryos. Interestingly, primate germline DMRs are different from PEG-associated DMRs in early embryos and are enriched in placenta. Strikingly, most placenta-specific germline DMRs are lost in placenta of cloned monkeys. Collectively, our study establishes SNP-free germline DMR identification methods, defines developmental imprinting dynamics in primates, and demonstrates imprinting defects in cloned monkey placenta, which provides important clues for improving primate cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Yu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Chenyang Si
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Weizhi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Yuyu Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, WAB-149G, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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25
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Applications of piggyBac Transposons for Genome Manipulation in Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:3829286. [PMID: 34567130 PMCID: PMC8460389 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3829286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposons are mobile genetic elements in the genome. The piggyBac (PB) transposon system is increasingly being used for stem cell research due to its high transposition efficiency and seamless excision capacity. Over the past few decades, forward genetic screens based on PB transposons have been successfully established to identify genes associated with drug resistance and stem cell-related characteristics. Moreover, PB transposon is regarded as a promising gene therapy vector and has been used in some clinically relevant stem cells. Here, we review the recent progress on the basic biology of PB, highlight its applications in current stem cell research, and discuss its advantages and challenges.
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26
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Huang X, Lin X, Liu F, Wu G, Yang Z, Meng A. The rise of developmental biology in China. Dev Growth Differ 2021; 64:106-115. [PMID: 34510425 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Developmental biology research in China started from experimental embryology, in particular from studies on aquatic and reptile animals. The recent growth of the developmental biology community in China parallels the increased governmental funding support and the recruitment of overseas talents. This flourishing field in China embraces the activities of developmental biology-related societies, national meetings, key research initiatives and talented scientists. The first Development paper from China, published in 2000, marked the beginning of a new era. More recently, the second decade in the 21st century witnessed the blossoming of developmental biology research in China. Significant research spotlights, technical advances, and up-and-coming areas will be discussed in this overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gen Wu
- High Technology Research and Development Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anming Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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27
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Santini L, Halbritter F, Titz-Teixeira F, Suzuki T, Asami M, Ma X, Ramesmayer J, Lackner A, Warr N, Pauler F, Hippenmeyer S, Laue E, Farlik M, Bock C, Beyer A, Perry ACF, Leeb M. Genomic imprinting in mouse blastocysts is predominantly associated with H3K27me3. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3804. [PMID: 34155196 PMCID: PMC8217501 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23510-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammalian genomes, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and histone marks including trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) at imprinted genes are asymmetrically inherited to control parentally-biased gene expression. However, neither parent-of-origin-specific transcription nor imprints have been comprehensively mapped at the blastocyst stage of preimplantation development. Here, we address this by integrating transcriptomic and epigenomic approaches in mouse preimplantation embryos. We find that seventy-one genes exhibit previously unreported parent-of-origin-specific expression in blastocysts (nBiX: novel blastocyst-imprinted expressed). Uniparental expression of nBiX genes disappears soon after implantation. Micro-whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (µWGBS) of individual uniparental blastocysts detects 859 DMRs. We further find that 16% of nBiX genes are associated with a DMR, whereas most are associated with parentally-biased H3K27me3, suggesting a role for Polycomb-mediated imprinting in blastocysts. nBiX genes are clustered: five clusters contained at least one published imprinted gene, and five clusters exclusively contained nBiX genes. These data suggest that early development undergoes a complex program of stage-specific imprinting involving different tiers of regulation. In most mammals, imprinted genes contain epigenetic marks that differ in each parental genome and control their parent-of-origin-specific expression. Here, the authors map imprinted genes in mouse preimplantation embryos and find that imprinted gene expression in blastocysts is mainly dependent on Polycomb-mediated H3K27me3-associated gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santini
- Max Perutz Laboratories Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Halbritter
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabian Titz-Teixeira
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Maki Asami
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julia Ramesmayer
- Max Perutz Laboratories Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Lackner
- Max Perutz Laboratories Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nick Warr
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell, UK
| | - Florian Pauler
- Institute for Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Simon Hippenmeyer
- Institute for Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Ernest Laue
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias Farlik
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anthony C F Perry
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
| | - Martin Leeb
- Max Perutz Laboratories Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria.
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28
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Aguila L, Suzuki J, Hill ABT, García M, de Mattos K, Therrien J, Smith LC. Dysregulated Gene Expression of Imprinted and X-Linked Genes: A Link to Poor Development of Bovine Haploid Androgenetic Embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640712. [PMID: 33869192 PMCID: PMC8044962 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian uniparental embryos are efficient models for genome imprinting research and allow studies on the contribution of the paternal and maternal genomes to early embryonic development. In this study, we analyzed different methods for production of bovine haploid androgenetic embryos (hAE) to elucidate the causes behind their poor developmental potential. Results indicate that hAE can be efficiently generated by using intracytoplasmic sperm injection and oocyte enucleation at telophase II. Although androgenetic haploidy does not disturb early development up to around the 8-cell stage, androgenetic development is disturbed after the time of zygote genome activation and hAE that reach the morula stage are less capable to reach the blastocyst stage of development. Karyotypic comparisons to parthenogenetic- and ICSI-derived embryos excluded chromosomal segregation errors as causes of the developmental constraints of hAE. However, analysis of gene expression indicated abnormal levels of transcripts for key long non-coding RNAs involved in X chromosome inactivation and genomic imprinting of the KCNQ1 locus, suggesting an association with X chromosome and some imprinted loci. Moreover, transcript levels of methyltransferase 3B were significantly downregulated, suggesting potential anomalies in hAE establishing de novo methylation. Finally, the methylation status of imprinted control regions for XIST and KCNQ1OT1 genes remained hypomethylated in hAE at the morula and blastocyst stages, confirming their origin from spermatozoa. Thus, our results exclude micromanipulation and chromosomal abnormalities as major factors disturbing the normal development of bovine haploid androgenotes. In addition, although the cause of the arrest remains unclear, we have shown that the inefficient development of haploid androgenetic bovine embryos to develop to the blastocyst stage is associated with abnormal expression of key factors involved in X chromosome activity and genomic imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lawrence C. Smith
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Et Fertilité, Université de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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29
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Zhang G, Li X, Sun Y, Wang X, Liu G, Huang Y. A Genetic Screen Identifies Etl4-Deficiency Capable of Stabilizing the Haploidy in Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:29-38. [PMID: 33440180 PMCID: PMC7815943 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) hold great promise for functional genetic studies and forward screening. However, all established haploid cells are prone to spontaneous diploidization during long-term culture, rendering application challenging. Here, we report a genome-wide loss-of-function screening that identified gene mutations that could significantly reduce the rate of self-diploidization in haESCs. We further demonstrated that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Etl4 knockout (KO) stabilizes the haploid state in different haESC lines. More interestingly, Etl4 deficiency increases mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity and decreases glycolysis in haESCs. Mimicking this effect by regulating the energy metabolism with drugs decreased the rate of self-diploidization. Collectively, our study identified Etl4 as a novel haploidy-related factor linked to an energy metabolism transition occurring during self-diploidization of haESCs. A genome-wide genetic screen identifies several haploidy-related factors in haESCs Etl4-deficiency stabilizes the haploid state in different haESC lines Etl4-deficiency increases mitochondrial OXPHOS and decrease glycolysis in haESCs Energy metabolism regulation with drugs decreased the rate of self-diploidization
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
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30
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Wei L, Cao P, Xu C, Zhong H, Wang X, Bai M, Hu B, Wang R, Liu N, Tian Y, Chen H, Li J, Yuan W. Chondroitin synthase‐3 regulates nucleus pulposus degeneration through actin‐induced YAP signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:16581-16600. [PMID: 33089528 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001021r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leixin Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Huajian Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Xiukun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai China
| | - Meizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Ruizhe Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Huajiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
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31
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Wang L, Li J. 'Artificial spermatid'-mediated genome editing†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:538-548. [PMID: 31077288 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, extensive efforts have been made to use mammalian sperm as the mediator to generate genetically modified animals; however, the strategy of sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) is unable to produce stable and diversified modifications in descendants. Recently, haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) have been successfully derived from haploid embryos carrying the genome of highly specialized gametes, and can stably maintain haploidy (through periodic cell sorting based on DNA quantity) and both self-renewal and pluripotency in long-term cell culture. In particular, haESCs derived from androgenetic haploid blastocysts (AG-haESCs), carrying only the sperm genome, can support the generation of live mice (semi-cloned, SC mice) through oocyte injection. Remarkably, after removal of the imprinted control regions H19-DMR (differentially methylated region of DNA) and IG-DMR in AG-haESCs, the double knockout (DKO)-AG-haESCs can stably produce SC animals with high efficiency, and so can serve as a sperm equivalent. Importantly, DKO-AG-haESCs can be used for multiple rounds of gene modifications in vitro, followed by efficient generation of live and fertile mice with the expected genetic traits. Thus, DKO-AG-haESCs (referred to as 'artificial spermatids') combed with CRISPR-Cas technology can be used as the genetically tractable fertilization agent, to efficiently create genetically modified offspring, and is a versatile genetic tool for in vivo analyses of gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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32
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Sun S, Zhao Y, Shuai L. The milestone of genetic screening: Mammalian haploid cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:2471-2479. [PMID: 33005309 PMCID: PMC7509586 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian haploid cells provide insights into multiple genetics approaches as have been proved by advances in homozygous phenotypes and function as gametes. Recent achievements make ploidy of mammalian haploid cells stable and improve the developmental efficiency of embryos derived from mammalian haploid cells intracytoplasmic microinjection, which promise great potentials for using mammalian haploid cells in forward and reverse genetic screening. In this review, we introduce breakthroughs of mammalian haploid cells involving in mechanisms of self-diploidization, forward genetics for various targeting genes and imprinted genes related development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiding Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ling Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tate Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300052, China
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33
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Aizawa E, Dumeau CE, Freimann R, Di Minin G, Wutz A. Polyploidy of semi-cloned embryos generated from parthenogenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233072. [PMID: 32911495 PMCID: PMC7482839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the fusion of two gametes, an oocyte and a spermatozoon, during fertilization forms a totipotent zygote. There has been no reported case of adult mammal development by natural parthenogenesis, in which embryos develop from unfertilized oocytes. The genome and epigenetic information of haploid gametes are crucial for mammalian development. Haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) can be established from uniparental blastocysts and possess only one set of chromosomes. Previous studies have shown that sperm or oocyte genome can be replaced by haESCs with or without manipulation of genomic imprinting for generation of mice. Recently, these remarkable semi-cloning methods have been applied for screening of key factors of mouse embryonic development. While haESCs have been applied as substitutes of gametic genomes, the fundamental mechanism how haESCs contribute to the genome of totipotent embryos is unclear. Here, we show the generation of fertile semi-cloned mice by injection of parthenogenetic haESCs (phaESCs) into oocytes after deletion of two differentially methylated regions (DMRs), the IG-DMR and H19-DMR. For characterizing the genome of semi-cloned embryos further, we establish ESC lines from semi-cloned blastocysts. We report that polyploid karyotypes are observed in semi-cloned ESCs (scESCs). Our results confirm that mitotically arrested phaESCs yield semi-cloned embryos and mice when the IG-DMR and H19-DMR are deleted. In addition, we highlight the occurrence of polyploidy that needs to be considered for further improving the development of semi-cloned embryos derived by haESC injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eishi Aizawa
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charles-Etienne Dumeau
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Remo Freimann
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Di Minin
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anton Wutz
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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34
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Zhang ZP, Zhang JT, Huang SC, He XY, Deng LX. Double sperm cloning (DSC) is a promising strategy in mammalian genetic engineering and stem cell research. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:388. [PMID: 32894201 PMCID: PMC7487873 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are promising tools for meeting the personalized requirements of regenerative medicine. However, some obstacles need to be overcome before clinical trials can be undertaken. First, donor cells vary, and the reprogramming procedures are diverse, so standardization is a great obstacle regarding SCNT and iPSCs. Second, somatic cells derived from a patient may carry mitochondrial DNA mutations and exhibit telomere instability with aging or disease, and SCNT-ESCs and iPSCs retain the epigenetic memory or epigenetic modification errors. Third, reprogramming efficiency has remained low. Therefore, in addition to improving their success rate, other alternatives for producing ESCs should be explored. Producing androgenetic diploid embryos could be an outstanding strategy; androgenic diploid embryos are produced through double sperm cloning (DSC), in which two capacitated sperms (XY or XX, sorted by flow cytometer) are injected into a denucleated oocyte by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to reconstruct embryo and derive DSC-ESCs. This process could avoid some potential issues, such as mitochondrial interference, telomere shortening, and somatic epigenetic memory, all of which accompany somatic donor cells. Oocytes are naturally activated by sperm, which is unlike the artificial activation that occurs in SCNT. The procedure is simple and practical and can be easily standardized. In addition, DSC-ESCs can overcome ethical concerns and resolve immunological response matching with sperm providers. Certainly, some challenges must be faced regarding imprinted genes, epigenetics, X chromosome inactivation, and dosage compensation. In mice, DSC-ESCs have been produced and have shown excellent differentiation ability. Therefore, the many advantages of DSC make the study of this process worthwhile for regenerative medicine and animal breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jun-Tao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shu-Cheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiu-Yuan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Li-Xin Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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35
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Li Y, Li W, Zhou Q. Haploid pluripotent stem cells: twofold benefits with half the effort in genetic screening and reproduction. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2020; 64:6-12. [PMID: 32563751 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Haploid pluripotent stem cells, which are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into other cell types with only one set of chromosomes, have been established in several species from haploid embryos. Compared with diploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs), haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) are smaller in size, have a prolonged metaphase, and undergo self-doubling during culture. The monoallelic expression of haESCs provides great convenience for recessive inheritance research. Genetically modified haESCs also provide benefits in replacement of the gamete genomes, which not only facilitates the study of the function of imprinted genes but also potentially removes barriers to same-sex reproduction. In this review, we focus on strategies for obtaining haESCs and their potential applications in genetic screening, genomic imprinting, and unisexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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36
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Liu D, Zhao X, Tang A, Xu X, Liu S, Zha L, Ma W, Zheng J, Shi M. CRISPR screen in mechanism and target discovery for cancer immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188378. [PMID: 32413572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas-based genetic perturbation screens have emerged as powerful tools for large-scale identification of new targets for cancer immunotherapy. Various strategies of CRISPR screen have been used for immune-oncology (IO) target discovery. The genomic sequences targeted by CRISPR/Cas system range from coding sequences to non-coding RNA/DNA, including miRNAs, LncRNAs, circRNAs, promoters, and enhancers, which may be potential targets for future pharmacological and therapeutic interventions. Rapid progresses have been witnessed in finding novel targets for enhancing tumor antigen presentation, sensitizing of tumor cells to immune-mediated cytotoxicity, and reinvigorating tumor-specific T cells by using CRISPR technologies. In combination with other strategies, the detailed characteristics of the targets for immunotherapy have been obtained by CRISPR screen. In this review, we present an overview of recent progresses in the development of CRISPR-based screens for IO target identification and discuss the challenges and possible solutions in this rapidly growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anqun Tang
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiyue Xu
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuci Liu
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zha
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ming Shi
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China; Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China.
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37
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Totsuka T, Ohsugi M. Production of mouse androgenetic embryos using spindle perturbation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6556. [PMID: 32300113 PMCID: PMC7162913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the functional differences between maternal and paternal genomes in mammalian development, embryos with only one parental genome are often used. Androgenetic embryos are produced by the removal of maternal chromosomes before or after fertilization by techniques that require specialized skills and are associated with high risk of cellular damage. Here, we developed a novel method for producing androgenetic mouse embryos without the invasive enucleation process. We found that during in vitro fertilization in the presence of low-dose nocodazole, a microtubule destabilizing drug, whole oocyte chromosomes were extruded into the second polar body resulting in the production of androgenetic embryos. We further demonstrated that low-dose nocodazole decreased the spindle size and prevented chromosome segregation but did not compromise oocyte meiotic resumption. This led to the formation of a protrusion around the chromosomes, accumulation of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) to the microtubules around the chromosomes, and assembly of a contractile ring at the neck region of the protrusion. Our method uses the intrinsic cytokinetic mechanism to exclude maternal chromatin from zygotes and may be applicable to other mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Totsuka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Miho Ohsugi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
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38
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Cui T, Jiang L, Li T, Teng F, Feng G, Wang X, He Z, Guo L, Xu K, Mao Y, Wang L, Yuan X, Wang L, Li W, Zhou Q. Derivation of Mouse Haploid Trophoblast Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 26:407-414.e5. [PMID: 30625323 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast stem (TS) cells are increasingly used as a model system for studying placentation and placental disorders. However, practical limitations of genetic manipulation have posed challenges for genetic analysis using TS cells. Here, we report the generation of mouse parthenogenetic haploid TS cells (haTSCs) and show that supplementation with FGF4 and inhibition of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) enable the maintenance of their haploidy and developmental potential. The resulting haTSCs have 20 chromosomes, exhibit typical expression features of TS cells, possess the multipotency to differentiate into specialized trophoblast cell types, and can chimerize E13.5 and term placentas. We also demonstrate the capability of the haTSCs to undergo genetic manipulation and facilitate genome-wide screening in the trophoblast lineage. We expect that haTSCs will offer a powerful tool for studying functional genomics and placental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liyuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianda Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fei Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guihai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhengquan He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yihuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Leyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuewei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Li Q, Li Y, Yin Q, Huang S, Wang K, Zhuo L, Li W, Chang B, Li J. Temporal regulation of prenatal embryonic development by paternal imprinted loci. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1-17. [PMID: 31564034 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-9817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Paternal imprinted genes (H19 and Gtl2) are pivotal for prenatal embryonic development in mice. Nongrowing oocytes and sperm- or oocyte-originated haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) carrying both H19-DMR (differentially DNA-methylated region) and IG (intergenic)-DMR deletions that partially mimic paternal imprinting of H19-Igf2 and Dlk1-Dio3 can be employed as sperm replacement to efficiently support full-term embryonic development. However, how H19-DMR and IG-DMR act together to regulate embryonic development is still largely unknown. Here, using androgenetic haESC (AG-haESC)-mediated semi-cloned (SC) technology, we showed that paternal H19-DMR and IG-DMR are not essential for pre-implantation development of SC embryos generated through injection of AG-haESCs into oocytes. H19-DMR plays critical roles before 12.5 days of gestation while IG-DMR is essential for late-gestation of SC embryos. Interestingly, we found that combined deletions of H19 and H19-DMR can further improve the efficiency of normal development of SC embryos at mid-gestation compared to DKO SC embryos. Transcriptome and histology analyses revealed that H19 and H19-DMR combined deletions rescue the placental defects. Furthermore, we showed that H19, H19-DMR and IG-DMR deletions (TKO) give rise to better prenatal and postnatal embryonic development of SC embryos compared to DKO. Together, our results indicate the temporal regulation of paternal imprinted loci during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Liangchai Zhuo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Boran Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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40
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Li MJ, Li X. Three paternally imprinted regions are sequentially required in prenatal and postnatal mouse development. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:165-168. [PMID: 31705361 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Max Jiahua Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiajun Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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41
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Dosage effect of multiple genes accounts for multisystem disorder of myotonic dystrophy type 1. Cell Res 2019; 30:133-145. [PMID: 31853004 PMCID: PMC7015062 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multisystem manifestations in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) may be due to dosage reduction in multiple genes induced by aberrant expansion of CTG repeats in DMPK, including DMPK, its neighboring genes (SIX5 or DMWD) and downstream MBNL1. However, direct evidence is lacking. Here, we develop a new strategy to generate mice carrying multigene heterozygous mutations to mimic dosage reduction in one step by injection of haploid embryonic stem cells with mutant Dmpk, Six5 and Mbnl1 into oocytes. The triple heterozygous mutant mice exhibit adult-onset DM1 phenotypes. With the additional mutation in Dmwd, the quadruple heterozygous mutant mice recapitulate many major manifestations in congenital DM1. Moreover, muscle stem cells in both models display reduced stemness, providing a unique model for screening small molecules for treatment of DM1. Our results suggest that the complex symptoms of DM1 result from the reduced dosage of multiple genes.
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42
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Zhang XM, Wu K, Zheng Y, Zhao H, Gao J, Hou Z, Zhang M, Liao J, Zhang J, Gao Y, Li Y, Li L, Tang F, Chen ZJ, Li J. In vitro expansion of human sperm through nuclear transfer. Cell Res 2019; 30:356-359. [PMID: 31853003 PMCID: PMC7118075 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0265-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Merlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Keliang Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Yuxuan Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Biomedical Institute for Pioneering Investigation via Convergence, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Junpeng Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Biomedical Institute for Pioneering Investigation via Convergence, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiaoyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jingye Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lin Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Biomedical Institute for Pioneering Investigation via Convergence, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China.
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210,, China.
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43
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Li X, Li MJ, Yang Y, Bai Y. Effects of reprogramming on genomic imprinting and the application of pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101655. [PMID: 31734645 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are considered to be the ideal candidates for cell-based therapies in humans. In this regard, both nuclear transfer embryonic stem (ntES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are particularly advantageous because patient-specific autologous ntES and iPS cells can avoid immunorejection and other side effects that may be present in the allogenic pluripotent stem cells derived from unrelated sources. However, they have been found to contain deleterious genetic and epigenetic changes that may hinder their therapeutic applications. Indeed, deregulation of genomic imprinting has been frequently observed in reprogrammed ntES and iPS cells. We will survey the recent studies on genomic imprinting in pluripotent stem cells, particularly in iPS cells. In a previous study published about six years ago, genomic imprinting was found to be variably lost in mouse iPS clones. Intriguingly, de novo DNA methylation also occurred at the previously unmethylated imprinting control regions (ICRs) in a high percentage of iPS clones. These unexpected results were confirmed by a recent independent study with a similar approach. Since dysregulation of genomic imprinting can cause many human diseases including cancer and neurological disorders, these recent findings on genomic imprinting in reprogramming may have some implications for therapeutic applications of pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiajun Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Max Jiahua Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yun Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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45
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Joint utilization of genetic analysis and semi-cloning technology reveals a digenic etiology of Müllerian anomalies. Cell Res 2019; 30:91-94. [PMID: 31628433 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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46
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Abstract
Reproductive biotechnology has developed rapidly and is now able to overcome many birth difficulties due to infertility or the transmission of genetic diseases. Here we introduce the next generation of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), such as mitochondrial replacement technique (MRT) or genetic correction in eggs with micromanipulation. Further, we suggest that the transmission of genetic information from somatic cells to subsequent generations without gametes should be useful for people who suffer from infertility or genetic diseases. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be converted into germ cells such as sperm or oocytes in the laboratory. Notably, germ cells derived from nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (NT-ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) inherit the full parental genome. The most important issue in this technique is the generation of a haploid chromosome from diploid somatic cells. We hereby examine current science and limitations underpinning these important developments and provide recommendations for moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonmi Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine & Stem Cell Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Eunju Kang
- Department of Convergence Medicine & Stem Cell Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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47
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Yamanishi A, Matsuba A, Kondo R, Akamatsu R, Tanaka S, Tokunaga M, Horie K, Kokubu C, Ishida Y, Takeda J. Collection of homozygous mutant mouse embryonic stem cells arising from autodiploidization during haploid gene trap mutagenesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:e63. [PMID: 29554276 PMCID: PMC6007410 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploid mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), in which a single hit mutation is sufficient to produce loss-of-function phenotypes, have provided a powerful tool for forward genetic screening. This strategy, however, can be hampered by undesired autodiploidization of haploid ESCs. To overcome this obstacle, we designed a new methodology that facilitates enrichment of homozygous mutant ESC clones arising from autodiploidization during haploid gene trap mutagenesis. Haploid mouse ESCs were purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting to maintain their haploid property and then transfected with the Tol2 transposon-based biallelically polyA-trapping (BPATrap) vector that carries an invertible G418 plus puromycin double selection cassette. G418 plus puromycin double selection enriched biallelic mutant clones that had undergone autodiploidization following a single vector insertion into the haploid genome. Using this method, we successfully generated 222 homozygous mutant ESCs from 2208 clones by excluding heterozygous ESCs and ESCs with multiple vector insertions. This relatively low efficiency of generating homozygous mutant ESCs was partially overcome by cell sorting of haploid ESCs after Tol2 BPATrap transfection. These results demonstrate the feasibility of our approach to provide an efficient platform for mutagenesis of ESCs and functional analysis of the mammalian genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Yamanishi
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuba
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kondo
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Rie Akamatsu
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Tanaka
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tokunaga
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kyoji Horie
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Chikara Kokubu
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ishida
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Junji Takeda
- Department of Genome Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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48
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Wang X, Kang JY, Wei L, Yang X, Sun H, Yang S, Lu L, Yan M, Bai M, Chen Y, Long J, Li N, Li D, Huang J, Lei M, Shao Z, Yuan W, Zuo E, Lu K, Liu MF, Li J. PHF7 is a novel histone H2A E3 ligase prior to histone-to-protamine exchange during spermiogenesis. Development 2019; 146:dev.175547. [PMID: 31189663 DOI: 10.1242/dev.175547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation, including histone-to-protamine exchanges, controls spermiogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of this regulation are largely unknown. Here, we report that PHF7, a testis-specific PHD and RING finger domain-containing protein, is essential for histone-to-protamine exchange in mice. PHF7 is specifically expressed during spermiogenesis. PHF7 deletion results in male infertility due to aberrant histone retention and impaired protamine replacement in elongated spermatids. Mechanistically, PHF7 can simultaneously bind histone H2A and H3; its PHD domain, a histone code reader, can specifically bind H3K4me3/me2, and its RING domain, a histone writer, can ubiquitylate H2A. Thus, our study reveals that PHF7 is a novel E3 ligase that can specifically ubiquitylate H2A through binding H3K4me3/me2 prior to histone-to-protamine exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiukun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jun-Yan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Leixin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xiaogan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Hongduo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Suming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Meng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Meizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Juanjuan Long
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Dangsheng Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Huang
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ming Lei
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 333 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen Shao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Erwei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China .,Research Center of Animal Genomics, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shengzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shengzhen, Guangdong 518210, China
| | - Kehuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Mo-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
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49
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Bai M, Han Y, Wu Y, Liao J, Li L, Wang L, Li Q, Xing W, Chen L, Zou W, Li J. Targeted genetic screening in mice through haploid embryonic stem cells identifies critical genes in bone development. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000350. [PMID: 31265461 PMCID: PMC6629148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutagenic screening is powerful for identifying key genes involved in developmental processes. However, such screens are successful only in lower organisms. Here, we develop a targeted genetic screening approach in mice through combining androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells (AG-haESCs) and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) technology. We produced a mutant semi-cloned (SC) mice pool by oocyte injection of AG-haESCs carrying constitutively expressed Cas9 and an single guide RNA (sgRNA) library targeting 72 preselected genes in one step and screened for bone-development-related genes through skeletal analysis at birth. This yielded 4 genes: Zic1 and Clec11a, which are required for bone development, and Rln1 and Irx5, which had not been previously considered. Whereas Rln1-/- mice exhibited small skeletal size only at birth, Irx5-/- mice showed skeletal abnormalities both in postnatal and adult phases due to decreased bone mass and increased bone marrow adipogenesis. Mechanistically, iroquois homeobox 5 (IRX5) promotes osteoblastogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis by suppressing peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation. Thus, AG-haESC-mediated functional mutagenic screening opens new avenues for genetic interrogation of developmental processes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (WZ)
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (WZ)
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50
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Elling U, Woods M, Forment JV, Fu B, Yang F, Ng BL, Vicente JR, Adams DJ, Doe B, Jackson SP, Penninger JM, Balmus G. Derivation and maintenance of mouse haploid embryonic stem cells. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:1991-2014. [PMID: 31160788 PMCID: PMC6997032 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ploidy represents the number of chromosome sets in a cell. Although gametes have a haploid genome (n), most mammalian cells have diploid genomes (2n). The diploid status of most cells correlates with the number of probable alleles for each autosomal gene and makes it difficult to target these genes via mutagenesis techniques. Here, we describe a 7-week protocol for the derivation of mouse haploid embryonic stem cells (hESCs) from female gametes that also outlines how to maintain the cells once derived. We detail additional procedures that can be used with cell lines obtained from the mouse Haplobank, a biobank of >100,000 individual mouse hESC lines with targeted mutations in 16,970 genes. hESCs can spontaneously diploidize and can be maintained in both haploid and diploid states. Mouse hESCs are genomically and karyotypically stable, are innately immortal and isogenic, and can be derived in an array of differentiated cell types; they are thus highly amenable to genetic screens and to defining molecular connectivity pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Elling
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Woods
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Josep V Forment
- DNA Damage Response Biology, Oncology Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Beiyuan Fu
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Bee Ling Ng
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose R Vicente
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Brendan Doe
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen P Jackson
- The Wellcome Trust CRUK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Gabriel Balmus
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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