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Ma Y, Gu T, He S, He S, Jiang Z. Development of stem cell therapy for atherosclerosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:779-791. [PMID: 37178375 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a high incidence and low cure rate worldwide, and atherosclerosis (AS) is the main factor inducing cardiovascular disease, of which lipid deposition in the vessel wall is the main marker of AS. Currently, although statins can be used to lower lipids and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in AS, the cure rate for AS remains low. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic approaches, and stem cells are now widely studied, while stem cells are a class of cell types that always maintain the ability to differentiate and can differentiate to form other cells and tissues, and stem cell transplantation techniques have shown efficacy in the treatment of other diseases. With the establishment of cellular therapies and continued research in stem cell technology, stem cells are also being used to address the problem of AS. In this paper, we focus on recent research advances in stem cell therapy for AS and briefly summarize the relevant factors that induce the formation of AS. We mainly discuss the efficacy and application prospects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of AS, in addition to the partial role and potential of exosomes in the treatment of AS. Further, provide new ideas for the clinical application of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Tianhe Gu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shuya He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Belotserkovskaya E, Golotin V, Uyanik B, Demidov ON. Clonal haematopoiesis - a novel entity that modifies pathological processes in elderly. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:345. [PMID: 37726289 PMCID: PMC10509183 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01590-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in the development of new sequencing techniques with wider accessibility and higher sensitivity of the protocol of deciphering genome particularities led to the discovery of a new phenomenon - clonal haematopoiesis. It is characterized by the presence in the bloodstream of elderly people a minor clonal population of cells with mutations in certain genes, but without any sign of disease related to the hematopoietic system. Here we will review this recent advancement in the field of clonal haematopoiesis and how it may affect the disease's development in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasily Golotin
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 4 Tikhoretskii prospect, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
- Saint Petersburg bra-nch of "VNIRO" ("Gos-NOIRH" named after L.S. Berg), Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Burhan Uyanik
- INSERM UMR1231, Laboratory of Excellence LipSTIC and label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Oleg N Demidov
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 4 Tikhoretskii prospect, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
- INSERM UMR1231, Laboratory of Excellence LipSTIC and label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, Dijon, 21000, France.
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olimpiiskii pr-t, Sochi, 354340, Russian Federation.
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3
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Liu C, Liao W, Chen J, Yu K, Wu Y, Zhang S, Chen M, Chen F, Wang S, Cheng T, Wang J, Du C. Cholesterol confers ferroptosis resistance onto myeloid-biased hematopoietic stem cells and prevents irradiation-induced myelosuppression. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102661. [PMID: 36906952 PMCID: PMC10025135 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing appreciation that hematopoietic alterations underpin the ubiquitous detrimental effects of metabolic disorders. The susceptibility of bone marrow (BM) hematopoiesis to perturbations of cholesterol metabolism is well documented, while the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we reveal a distinct and heterogeneous cholesterol metabolic signature within BM hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We further show that cholesterol directly regulates maintenance and lineage differentiation of long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs), with high levels of intracellular cholesterol favoring maintenance and myeloid bias of LT-HSCs. During irradiation-induced myelosuppression, cholesterol also safeguards LT-HSC maintenance and myeloid regeneration. Mechanistically, we unravel that cholesterol directly and distinctively enhances ferroptosis resistance and boosts myeloid but dampens lymphoid lineage differentiation of LT-HSCs. Molecularly, we identify that SLC38A9-mTOR axis mediates cholesterol sensing and signal transduction to instruct lineage differentiation of LT-HSCs as well as to dictate ferroptosis sensitivity of LT-HSCs through orchestrating SLC7A11/GPX4 expression and ferritinophagy. Consequently, myeloid-biased HSCs are endowed with a survival advantage under both hypercholesterolemia and irradiation conditions. Importantly, a mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and a ferroptosis inducer imidazole ketone erastin prevent excess cholesterol-induced HSC expansion and myeloid bias. These findings unveil an unrecognized fundamental role of cholesterol metabolism in HSC survival and fate decisions with valuable clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Weinian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yiding Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Tianmin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Changhong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Clinical Significance of Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential in Hematology and Cardiovascular Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071613. [PMID: 35885518 PMCID: PMC9317488 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid profiling uses circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for minimal invasive tumor mutational profiling from peripheral blood. The presence of somatic mutations in peripheral blood cells without further evidence of a hematologic neoplasm defines clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). CHIP-mutations can be found in the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of plasma, are a potential cause of false positive results in liquid profiling, and thus limit its usage in screening settings. Various strategies are in place to mitigate the effect of CHIP on the performance of ctDNA assays, but the detection of CHIP also represents a clinically significant incidental finding. The sequelae of CHIP comprise the risk of progression to a hematologic neoplasm including therapy-related myeloid neoplasms. While the hematological risk increases with the co-occurrence of unexplained blood count abnormalities, a number of non-hematologic diseases have independently been associated with CHIP. In particular, CHIP represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis or heart failure. The management of CHIP requires an interdisciplinary setting and represents a new topic in the field of cardio-oncology. In the future, the information on CHIP may be taken into account for personalized therapy of cancer patients.
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Tarantini F, Cumbo C, Anelli L, Zagaria A, Coccaro N, Tota G, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Clonal hematopoiesis in clinical practice: walking a tightrope. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:2536-2544. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2087068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tarantini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Cumbo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Anelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Coccaro
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tota
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit – University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Tarantini F, Cumbo C, Anelli L, Zagaria A, Conserva MR, Redavid I, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Exploring the Potential of Eltrombopag: Room for More? Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906036. [PMID: 35677428 PMCID: PMC9168361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its introduction in clinical practice, eltrombopag (ELT) has demonstrated efficacy in heterogeneous clinical contexts, encompassing both benign and malignant diseases, thus leading researchers to make a more in-depth study of its mechanism of action. As a result, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that ELT displays many effects ranging from native thrombopoietin agonism to immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic properties. These features collectively explain ELT effectiveness in a broad spectrum of indications; moreover, they suggest that ELT could be effective in different, challenging clinical scenarios. We reviewed the extended ELT mechanism of action in various diseases, with the aim of further exploring its full potential and hypothesize new, fascinating indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tarantini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Cumbo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Anelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Conserva
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Immacolata Redavid
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Albano,
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Cumbo C, Tarantini F, Zagaria A, Anelli L, Minervini CF, Coccaro N, Tota G, Impera L, Parciante E, Conserva MR, Redavid I, Carluccio P, Delia M, Giordano A, Longo MC, Perrone T, Rossi AR, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Clonal Hematopoiesis at the Crossroads of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Hematological Malignancies: A Biological Link? Front Oncol 2022; 12:873896. [PMID: 35494055 PMCID: PMC9039212 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.873896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract in which nationwide studies have revealed a higher risk of hematological malignancies (HMs). Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is a premalignant condition defined by the presence of an acquired somatic mutation characterized by a variant allele frequency (VAF) of ≥2%, in a gene frequently associated with HMs. A growing body of evidence suggests a correlation between inflammation and CH; its occurrence in the context of IBD has been previously demonstrated. With the aim to assess CH possible co-occurrence in patients with an IBD associated with HMs, we performed a targeted next-generation sequencing analysis in a cohort of thirteen patients who were referred to our center with IBD associated with HMs. Eleven (85%) patients showed one or more mutations in CH-associated genes; DNMT3A was the most frequently mutated gene, followed by ASXL1 and JAK2. These results may suggest that the mechanisms at the basis of the inflammatory environment could potentially select for the growth of hematopoietic clones harboring specific mutations. In this context, CH emergence may be boosted by the proinflammatory IBD environment, thus acting as a biological link between IBD and the HM onset. If these data are confirmed, IBD patients screened and positive for CH should undergo a hematologic follow-up to assess the risk of developing HM. Future study will clarify the relationship between these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Cumbo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Tarantini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Anelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Crescenzio Francesco Minervini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Coccaro
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tota
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Luciana Impera
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Elisa Parciante
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Conserva
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Immacolata Redavid
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Carluccio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Delia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Giordano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Longo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Tommasina Perrone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Russo Rossi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Tall AR, Fuster JJ. Clonal hematopoiesis in cardiovascular disease and therapeutic implications. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:116-124. [PMID: 36337911 PMCID: PMC9631799 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-021-00015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis arises from somatic mutations that provide a fitness advantage to hematopoietic stem cells and the outgrowth of clones of blood cells. Clonal hematopoiesis commonly involves mutations in genes that are involved in epigenetic modifications, signaling and DNA damage repair. Clonal hematopoiesis has emerged as a major independent risk factor in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, thrombosis and heart failure. Studies in mouse models of clonal hematopoiesis have shown an increase in atherosclerosis, thrombosis and heart failure, involving increased myeloid cell inflammatory responses and inflammasome activation. Although increased inflammatory responses have emerged as a common underlying principle, some recent studies indicate mutation-specific effects. The discovery of the association of clonal hematopoiesis with cardiovascular disease and the recent demonstration of benefit of anti-inflammatory treatments in human cardiovascular disease converge to suggest that anti-inflammatory treatments should be directed to individuals with clonal hematopoiesis. Such treatments could target specific inflammasomes, common downstream mediators such as IL-1β and IL-6, or mutations linked to clonal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R. Tall
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose J. Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
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Bhattacharya R, Bick AG. Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential: an Expanding Genetic Cause of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2021; 23:66. [PMID: 34468876 PMCID: PMC8543762 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-021-00966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a novel cardiovascular risk factor that develops as aging hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) acquire somatic mutations which confer a clonal survival advantage in their progeny. These cells confer increased leukemogenic risk but confer a greater absolute risk of cardiovascular disease-which appears to be mediated through altered inflammatory pathways. Here we review the evidence the risk of cardiovascular disease conferred by CHIP. We also review the evidence regarding risk factors associated with CHIP. RECENT FINDINGS The most recent evidence suggests that CHIP is associated with increased cardiovascular risk beyond atherosclerosis, which has been established in multiple studies, but also in heart failure and aortic valve stenosis. Additionally, the list of conditions associated with CHIP continues to grow including germline genetics, smoking, cancer therapies, radiation exposure, premature menopause, and unhealthy diet. CHIP is a cardiovascular risk factor of increasingly recognized importance, and new data continues to emerge about the risks it confers, which will need more prospective validation. Although risk factors for CHIP are being identified, relatively little is known about the mechanisms by which CHIP develops, which requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romit Bhattacharya
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Alexander G Bick
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, Nashville, TN, USA.
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