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Cao X, Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhao M, Liang L, Yang M, Li J, Peng M, Li W, Yue Y, Zhang H, Li C, Shu Z. Advances in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116229. [PMID: 36773789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death globally and thus imposes heavy economic burden on patients, their families, and society. Furthermore, COPD seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The concept of "overall regulation" of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of COPD. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this review is to summarize the TCM theories, experimental methods, TCM extracts, active TCM ingredients, and TCM formulas for the treatment of COPD and reveal the effects and mechanisms of TCM treatments on COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS This article reviewed literature on TCM-based treatments for COPD reported from 2016 to 2021. Relevant scientific studies were obtained from databases that included PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, Google Scholar, The Plant List, ScienceDirect, and SciFinder. RESULTS This review summarized TCM-based theory, experimental methods, active ingredients, and potential toxicities, the effects of TCM extracts and formulations, and their mechanisms for the treatment of COPD. Most investigators have used in vivo models of cigarette smoke combined with lipopolysaccharide induction in rats and in vitro models of cigarette smoke extract induction. The active ingredients of TCM used for the treatment of COPD in relevant studies were triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, quinones, glycosides, and alkaloids. TCMs commonly used in the treatment of COPD include antipyretic drugs, tonic medicines, anticough medications, and asthma medications. TCM can treat COPD by suppressing inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting apoptosis, and improving airway remodeling. CONCLUSIONS This review enriches the theory of COPD treatments based on TCM, established the clinical significance and development prospects of TCM-based COPD treatments, and provided the necessary theoretical support for the further development of TCM resources for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mantong Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lanyuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mengru Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mingming Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yiming Yue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154000, China
| | - Chuanqiu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zunpeng Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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2
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Wang C, Zhou J, Wang J, Li S, Fukunaga A, Yodoi J, Tian H. Progress in the mechanism and targeted drug therapy for COPD. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:248. [PMID: 33110061 PMCID: PMC7588592 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is emphysema and/or chronic bronchitis characterised by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow. The prevalence of COPD has increased over the last decade and the drugs most commonly used to treat it, such as glucocorticoids and bronchodilators, have significant therapeutic effects; however, they also cause side effects, including infection and immunosuppression. Here we reviewed the pathogenesis and progression of COPD and elaborated on the effects and mechanisms of newly developed molecular targeted COPD therapeutic drugs. Among these new drugs, we focussed on thioredoxin (Trx). Trx effectively prevents the progression of COPD by regulating redox status and protease/anti-protease balance, blocking the NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways, suppressing the activation and migration of inflammatory cells and the production of cytokines, inhibiting the synthesis and the activation of adhesion factors and growth factors, and controlling the cAMP-PKA and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. The mechanism by which Trx affects COPD is different from glucocorticoid-based mechanisms which regulate the inflammatory reaction in association with suppressing immune responses. In addition, Trx also improves the insensitivity of COPD to steroids by inhibiting the production and internalisation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Taken together, these findings suggest that Trx may be the ideal drug for treating COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixue Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jiedong Zhou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Shujing Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Atsushi Fukunaga
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Junji Yodoi
- Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Department of Biological Response, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hai Tian
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
- Jiaozhimei Biotechnology (Shaoxing) Co, Ltd, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
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3
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Perros AJ, Flower RL, Dean MM. Inverse Relationship Between Lipopolysaccharide Concentration and Monocyte and Dendritic Cells Inflammatory Response. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2020; 40:349-356. [PMID: 32460585 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes are key immunoregulatory cells that link the innate and adaptive immune response. However, understanding of human cell-specific responses to different doses of stimuli including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is limited. This study investigated the monocyte and classical DC (cDC)-specific, as well as the overall inflammatory response after exposure to varying doses of LPS. Fresh peripheral whole blood (n = 8) was used in an in vitro peripheral blood culture model to assess cDC and monocyte responses in coculture with varying doses of LPS (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 μg/mL). cDC and monocyte cytokine responses were measured through flow cytometry. Supernatants collected from the in vitro model were used in a cytometric bead array to assess the overall inflammatory response. Exposure to all doses of LPS tested increased monocyte, cDC, and the overall leukocyte response. A dose-dependent reduction in cDC and monocyte cytokine production was also evident with higher LPS doses. This study demonstrates that cell-subset-specific responses are more susceptible to LPS exposure compared with the overall inflammatory response. Therefore, assays that assess cell-specific immune responses may be more beneficial to identify underlying pathophysiology of infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J Perros
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert L Flower
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melinda M Dean
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, Queensland, Australia
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4
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Zhou Y, Xia Q, Wang X, Fu S. Endotoxin Tolerant Dendritic Cells Suppress Inflammatory Responses in Splenocytes via Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase (IRAK)-M and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PDL-1). Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4798-4806. [PMID: 29995830 PMCID: PMC6069485 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis causes the highest mortality in non-cardiovascular intensive care units worldwide. Recent research has demonstrated that the late phase of sepsis, characterized as septic immunosuppression, is the central pathophysiological mechanism of immune dysfunction. Investigating the suppressive mechanism of immune cells may identify possible targets for therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used LPS 2-hit model for dendritic cells (DCs) to establish endotoxin tolerance, and co-cultured with splenocytes. Co-culture responses and gene expressions were evaluated. RESULTS Endotoxin tolerant DCs showed irresponsiveness in pro-inflammatory cytokine production and expressed negative regulator genes of inflammation. When co-cultured with splenocytes, suppression of inflammatory responses and T cells apoptosis were observed with elevated expression of IRAK-M and PDL-1, and interference and neutralization of these 2 molecules led to partly reversed suppression of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our research found direct regulation of endotoxin tolerant DCs to other immune cells and suggested a possible mechanism via IRAK-M and PDL-1. This may inform research on septic immunosuppression and suggests possible therapeutic targets for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Qin Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji Universit, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Shukun Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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5
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Glucocorticoid receptor promotes the function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by suppressing HIF1α-dependent glycolysis. Cell Mol Immunol 2017; 15:618-629. [PMID: 28287112 PMCID: PMC6079089 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory signaling imposes tight regulations on metabolic programs within immune cells and consequentially determines immune response outcomes. Although the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) has been recently implicated in regulating the function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), whether the dysregulation of GR in MDSCs is involved in immune-mediated hepatic diseases and how GR regulates the function of MDSCs in such a context remains unknown. Here, we revealed the dysregulation of GR expression in MDSCs during innate immunological hepatic injury (IMH) and found that GR regulates the function of MDSCs through modulating HIF1α-dependent glycolysis. Pharmacological modulation of GR by its agonist (dexamethasone, Dex) protects IMH mice against inflammatory injury. Mechanistically, GR signaling suppresses HIF1α and HIF1α-dependent glycolysis in MDSCs and thus promotes the immune suppressive activity of MDSCs. Our studies reveal a role of GR-HIF1α in regulating the metabolism and function of MDSCs and further implicate MDSC GR signaling as a potential therapeutic target in hepatic diseases that are driven by innate immune cell-mediated systemic inflammation.
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6
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Salazar F, Awuah D, Negm OH, Shakib F, Ghaemmaghami AM. The role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway in the TLR4-induced tolerogenic phenotype in human DCs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43337. [PMID: 28256612 PMCID: PMC5335671 DOI: 10.1038/srep43337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A controlled inflammatory response is required for protection against infection, but persistent inflammation causes tissue damage. Dendritic cells (DCs) have a unique capacity to promote both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. One key mechanism involved in DC-mediated immunosuppression is the expression of tryptophan-metabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). IDO has been implicated in diverse processes in health and disease but its role in endotoxin tolerance in human DCs is still controversial. Here we investigated the role of IDO in shaping DCs phenotype and function under endotoxin tolerance conditions. Our data show that TLR4 ligation in LPS-primed DCs, induced higher levels of both IDO isoforms together with the transcription factor aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), compared to unprimed controls. Additionally, LPS conditioning induced an anti-inflammatory phenotype in DCs - with an increase in IL-10 and higher expression of programmed death ligand (PD-L)1 and PD-L2 - which were partially dependent on IDO. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the AhR-IDO pathway was responsible for the preferential activation of non-canonical NF-κB pathway in LPS-conditioned DCs. These data provide new insight into the mechanisms of the TLR4-induced tolerogenic phenotype in human DCs, which can help the better understanding of processes involved in induction and resolution of chronic inflammation and tolerance.
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MESH Headings
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/immunology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/cytology
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
- Humans
- Immune Tolerance
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/genetics
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/immunology
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Interleukin-4/pharmacology
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Monocytes/cytology
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/immunology
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/immunology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein/genetics
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein/immunology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/immunology
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3/genetics
- TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/immunology
- Transcription Factor RelB/genetics
- Transcription Factor RelB/immunology
- NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Salazar
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dennis Awuah
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ola H. Negm
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Farouk Shakib
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amir M. Ghaemmaghami
- Division of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
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7
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Klaska IP, Muckersie E, Martin-Granados C, Christofi M, Forrester JV. Lipopolysaccharide-primed heterotolerant dendritic cells suppress experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by multiple mechanisms. Immunology 2016; 150:364-377. [PMID: 27859049 PMCID: PMC5290303 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of bone‐marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDC) to high‐dose ultrapure lipopolysaccharide for 24 hr (LPS‐primed BMDC) enhances their potency in preventing inter‐photoreceptor retinoid binding protein: complete Freund's adjuvant‐induced experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). LPS‐primed BMDC are refractory to further exposure to LPS (= endotoxin tolerance), evidenced here by decreased phosphorylation of TANK‐binding kinase 1, interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase as well as impaired nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) and IRF3, resulting in reduced tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐12 and interferon‐β secretion. LPS‐primed BMDC also show reduced surface expression of Toll‐like receptor‐4 and up‐regulation of CD14, followed by increased apoptosis, mediated via nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc)‐2 signalling. LPS‐primed BMDC are not only homotolerant to LPS but are heterotolerant to alternative pathogen‐associated molecular pattern ligands, such as mycobacterial protein extract (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Specifically, while M. tuberculosis protein extract induces secretion of IL‐1β, TNF‐α and IL‐6 in unprimed BMDC, LPS‐primed BMDC fail to secrete these cytokines in response to M. tuberculosis. We propose that LPS priming of BMDC, by exposure to high doses of LPS for 24 hr, stabilizes their tolerogenicity rather than promoting immunogenicity, and does so by multiple mechanisms, namely (i) generation of tolerogenic apoptotic BMDC through CD14:NFATc signalling; (ii) reduction of NF‐κB and IRF3 signalling and downstream pro‐inflammatory cytokine production; and (iii) blockade of inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela P Klaska
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Maria Christofi
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - John V Forrester
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.,Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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8
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Xuan NT, Hoang NH, Nhung VP, Duong NT, Ha NH, Hai NV. Regulation of dendritic cell function by insulin/IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling through klotho expression. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2016; 37:297-303. [PMID: 27808000 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2016.1247862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) promotes the activation of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling in immune cells including dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent professional antigen-presenting cells for naive T cells. Klotho, an anti-aging protein, participates in the regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling, thus the Ca2+-dependent migration is reduced in klotho-deficient DCs. The present study explored the effects of insulin/IGF-1 on DC function through klotho expression. To this end, the mouse bone marrow cells were isolated and cultured with GM-CSF to attain bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs). Cells were treated with insulin or IGF-1 and followed by stimulating with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α formation was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Phagocytosis was analyzed by FITC-dextran uptake assay. The expression of klotho was determined by quantitative PCR, immunoprecipitation and western blotting. As a result, treatment of the cells with insulin/IGF-1 resulted in reducing the klotho expression as well as LPS-stimulated TNF-α release and increasing the FITC-dextran uptake but unaltering reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in BMDCs. The effects were abolished by using pharmacological inhibition of PI3K/Akt with LY294002 and paralleled by transfecting DCs with klotho siRNA. In conclusion, the regulation of klotho sensitive DC function by IGF-1 or insulin is mediated through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in BMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Xuan
- a Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Cau Giay , Ha Noi , Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- a Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Cau Giay , Ha Noi , Vietnam
| | - Vu Phuong Nhung
- a Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Cau Giay , Ha Noi , Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thuy Duong
- a Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Cau Giay , Ha Noi , Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hai Ha
- a Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Cau Giay , Ha Noi , Vietnam
| | - Nong Van Hai
- a Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Cau Giay , Ha Noi , Vietnam
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9
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Moran TP, Nakano H, Kondilis-Mangum HD, Wade PA, Cook DN. Epigenetic control of Ccr7 expression in distinct lineages of lung dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4904-13. [PMID: 25297875 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive immune responses to inhaled allergens are induced following CCR7-dependent migration of precursor of dendritic cell (pre-DC)-derived conventional DCs (cDCs) from the lung to regional lymph nodes. However, monocyte-derived (moDCs) in the lung express very low levels of Ccr7 and consequently do not migrate efficiently to LN. To investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie this dichotomy, we studied epigenetic modifications at the Ccr7 locus of murine cDCs and moDCs. When expanded from bone marrow precursors, moDCs were enriched at the Ccr7 locus for trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a modification associated with transcriptional repression. Similarly, moDCs prepared from the lung also displayed increased levels of H3K27me3 at the Ccr7 promoter compared with migratory cDCs from that organ. Analysis of DC progenitors revealed that epigenetic modification of Ccr7 does not occur early during DC lineage commitment because monocytes and pre-DCs both had low levels of Ccr7-associated H3K27me3. Rather, Ccr7 is gradually silenced during the differentiation of monocytes to moDCs. Thus, epigenetic modifications of the Ccr7 locus control the migration and therefore the function of DCs in vivo. These findings suggest that manipulating epigenetic mechanisms might be a novel approach to control DC migration and thereby improve DC-based vaccines and treat inflammatory diseases of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Hideki Nakano
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; and
| | - Hrisavgi D Kondilis-Mangum
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Paul A Wade
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Donald N Cook
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; and
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10
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Wang L, Yang H, Sun Y, Yu FSX, Wu X. Signaling mechanism for Aspergillus fumigatus tolerance in corneal fibroblasts induced by LPS pretreatment. Innate Immun 2013; 20:563-73. [PMID: 24045340 DOI: 10.1177/1753425913502098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TLRs, particularly TLR2 and TLR4, play primary roles in inflammatory responses triggered by Aspergillus fumigatus and lead to the activation of signaling pathways that initiate host defense responses. We previously demonstrated that LPS, a ligand of TLR4, can induce tolerance of A. fumigatus hyphae in telomerase-immortalized human stroma fibroblasts (THSFs). In the present study we investigated the role of TLR4, TLR2 and their downstream signaling pathways in this activity. The THSFs were pretreated with low-dose LPS and then exposed to A. fumigatus hyphae. It was demonstrated that enhanced expression of TLR4, but not of TLR2, was associated with LPS pretreatment. Inhibition of TLR4 with monoclonal Ab prevented reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in LPS-pretreated THSFs. Pretreatment of THSFs with low-dose LPS caused an impaired response of the MyD88-dependent classical and MAPK signaling pathway upon subsequent A. fumigatus challenge, while expression of signaling molecules in the MyD88-independent Toll-IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β pathway was increased in THSFs pretreated with LPS. These results indicated that TLR4 mediates attenuated cytokine production induced by LPS pretreatment, and regulation of MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent pathways may contribute to the development of A. fumigatus hyphae tolerance in LPS-pretreated THSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hongling Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fu-Shin X Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Immature dendritic cells generated from cryopreserved human monocytes show impaired ability to respond to LPS and to induce allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71291. [PMID: 23936267 PMCID: PMC3729849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells play a key role in the immune system, in the sensing of foreign antigens and triggering of an adaptive immune response. Cryopreservation of human monocytes was investigated to understand its effect on differentiation into immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (imdDCs), the response to inflammatory stimuli and the ability to induce allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation. Cryopreserved (crp)-monocytes were able to differentiate into imdDCs, albeit to a lesser extent than freshly (frh)-obtained monocytes. Furthermore, crp-imdDCs had lower rates of maturation and cytokine/chemokine secretion in response to LPS than frh-imdDCs. Lower expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (at 24 and 48 h) and higher susceptibility to apoptosis in crp-imdDCs than in fresh cells would account for the impaired maturation and cytokine/chemokine secretion observed. A mixed leukocyte reaction showed that lymphocyte proliferation was lower with crp-imdDCs than with frh-imdDCs. These findings suggested that the source of monocytes used to generate human imdDCs could influence the accuracy of results observed in studies of the immune response to pathogens, lymphocyte activation, vaccination and antigen sensing. It is not always possible to work with freshly isolated monocytes but the possible effects of freezing/thawing on the biology and responsiveness of imdDCs should be taken into account.
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Banerjee A, Koziol-White C, Panettieri R. p38 MAPK inhibitors, IKK2 inhibitors, and TNFα inhibitors in COPD. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012; 12:287-92. [PMID: 22365729 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
COPD represents a major respiratory disorder, causing significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. While therapies exist for COPD, they are not always effective, and many patients experience exacerbations and morbidity despite current therapies. Study of the molecular mechanisms involved in the underlying physiological manifestations of COPD has yielded multiple new targets for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we discuss signaling pathways involved in COPD pathogenesis and review clinical studies of p38 MAPK inhibitors, TNFα inhibitors, and IKK2 inhibitors as potential COPD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audreesh Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, Airways Biology Initiative, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Jin B, Sun T, Yu XH, Yang YX, Yeo AET. The effects of TLR activation on T-cell development and differentiation. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:836485. [PMID: 22737174 PMCID: PMC3376488 DOI: 10.1155/2012/836485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Invading pathogens have unique molecular signatures that are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) resulting in either activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and/or costimulation of T cells inducing both innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs are also involved in T-cell development and can reprogram Treg cells to become helper cells. T cells consist of various subsets, that is, Th1, Th2, Th17, T follicular helper (Tfh), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), regulatory T cells (Treg) and these originate from thymic progenitor thymocytes. T-cell receptor (TCR) activation in distinct T-cell subsets with different TLRs results in differing outcomes, for example, activation of TLR4 expressed in T cells promotes suppressive function of regulatory T cells (Treg), while activation of TLR6 expressed in T cells abrogates Treg function. The current state of knowledge of regarding TLR-mediated T-cell development and differentiation is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jin
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, The 309th Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, China
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Naval General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
- *Bo Jin: and
| | - Tao Sun
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Naval General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
- *Tao Sun:
| | - Xiao-Hong Yu
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Naval General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ying-Xiang Yang
- 2Department of Infectious Diseases, Naval General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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