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Cao S, Jiang J, Yin H, Wang L, Lu Q. Abnormal energy metabolism in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112149. [PMID: 38692019 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disease with significant socioeconomic impact worldwide. Orderly energy metabolism is essential for normal immune function, and disordered energy metabolism is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of SLE. Disorders of energy metabolism are characterized by increased reactive oxygen species, ATP deficiency, and abnormal metabolic pathways. Oxygen and mitochondria are critical for the production of ATP, and both mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia affect the energy production processes. In addition, several signaling pathways, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway also play important regulatory roles in energy metabolism. Furthermore, drugs with clear clinical effects on SLE, such as sirolimus, metformin, and tacrolimus, have been proven to improve the disordered energy metabolism of immune cells, suggesting the potential of targeting energy metabolism for the treatment of SLE. Moreover, several metabolic modulators under investigation are expected to have potential therapeutic effects in SLE. This review aimed to gain insights into the role and mechanism of abnormal energy metabolism in the pathogenesis of SLE, and summarizes the progression of metabolic modulator in the treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Cao
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiao Jiang
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Haoyuan Yin
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Lai Wang
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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2
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Boothby M, Cho SH. Hypoxia and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Lymphocyte Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:115-141. [PMID: 39017842 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen doubles as a biomolecular building block and an element required for energy generation and metabolism in aerobic organisms. A variety of systems in mammalian cells sense the concentration of oxygen to which they are exposed and are tuned to the range present in our blood and tissues. The ability to respond to insufficient O2 in tissues is central to regulation of erythroid lineage cells, but challenges also are posed for immune cells by a need to adjust to very different oxygen concentrations. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) provide a major means of making such adjustments. For adaptive immunity, lymphoid lineages are initially defined in bone marrow niches; T lineage cells arise in the thymus, and B cells complete maturation in the spleen. Lymphocytes move from these first stops into microenvironments (bloodstream, lymphatics, and tissues) with distinct oxygenation in each. Herein, evidence pertaining to functions of the HIF transcription factors (TFs) in lymphocyte differentiation and function is reviewed. For the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of T cells, the case is very strong that hypoxia and HIFs regulate important differentiation events and functions after the naïve lymphocytes emerge from the thymus. In the B lineage, the data indicate that HIF1 contributes to a balanced regulation of B-cell fates after antigen (Ag) activation during immunity. A model synthesized from the aggregate literature is that HIF in lymphocytes generally serves to modulate function in a manner dependent on the molecular context framed by other TFs and signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Boothby
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology (Molecular Pathogenesis Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Medicine (Rheumatology and Immunology Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, Immunity (VI4), Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Sung Hoon Cho
- Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology (Molecular Pathogenesis Division), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, Immunity (VI4), Nashville, TN, USA
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3
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Nakagawa R, Llorian M, Varsani-Brown S, Chakravarty P, Camarillo JM, Barry D, George R, Blackledge NP, Duddy G, Kelleher NL, Klose RJ, Turner M, Calado DP. Epi-microRNA mediated metabolic reprogramming ensures affinity maturation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.551250. [PMID: 37609190 PMCID: PMC10441342 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.551250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
To increase antibody affinity against pathogens, positively selected GC-B cells initiate cell division in the light zone (LZ) of germinal centres (GCs). Among those, higher-affinity clones migrate to the dark zone (DZ) and vigorously proliferate by relying on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). However, it remains unknown how positively selected GC-B cells adapt their metabolism for cell division in the glycolysis-dominant, cell cycle arrest-inducing, hypoxic LZ microenvironment. Here, we show that microRNA (miR)-155 mediates metabolic reprogramming during positive selection to protect high-affinity clones. Transcriptome examination and mass spectrometry analysis revealed that miR-155 regulates H3K36me2 levels by directly repressing hypoxia-induced histone lysine demethylase, Kdm2a. This is indispensable for enhancing OXPHOS through optimizing the expression of vital nuclear mitochondrial genes under hypoxia. The miR-155-Kdm2a interaction is crucial to prevent excessive production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. Thus, miR-155-mediated epigenetic regulation promotes mitochondrial fitness in high-affinity clones, ensuring their expansion and consequently affinity maturation.
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4
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Flati I, Di Vito Nolfi M, Dall’Aglio F, Vecchiotti D, Verzella D, Alesse E, Capece D, Zazzeroni F. Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Immunometabolic Reprogramming: How the Wind Changes during Cancer Progression. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1953. [PMID: 37895302 PMCID: PMC10606647 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and the immunological state are intimately intertwined, as defense responses are bioenergetically expensive. Metabolic homeostasis is a key requirement for the proper function of immune cell subsets, and the perturbation of the immune-metabolic balance is a recurrent event in many human diseases, including cancer, due to nutrient fluctuation, hypoxia and additional metabolic changes occurring in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although much remains to be understood in the field of immunometabolism, here, we report the current knowledge on both physiological and cancer-associated metabolic profiles of immune cells, and the main molecular circuits involved in their regulation, highlighting similarities and differences, and emphasizing immune metabolic liabilities that could be exploited in cancer therapy to overcome immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito 2, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.F.); (M.D.V.N.); (F.D.); (D.V.); (D.V.); (E.A.); (F.Z.)
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5
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Troise D, Infante B, Mercuri S, Netti GS, Ranieri E, Gesualdo L, Stallone G, Pontrelli P. Hypoxic State of Cells and Immunosenescence: A Focus on the Role of the HIF Signaling Pathway. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2163. [PMID: 37626660 PMCID: PMC10452839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia activates hypoxia-related signaling pathways controlled by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIFs represent a quick and effective detection system involved in the cellular response to insufficient oxygen concentration. Activation of HIF signaling pathways is involved in improving the oxygen supply, promoting cell survival through anaerobic ATP generation, and adapting energy metabolism to meet cell demands. Hypoxia can also contribute to the development of the aging process, leading to aging-related degenerative diseases; among these, the aging of the immune system under hypoxic conditions can play a role in many different immune-mediated diseases. Thus, in this review we aim to discuss the role of HIF signaling pathways following cellular hypoxia and their effects on the mechanisms driving immune system senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Troise
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (D.T.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Barbara Infante
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (D.T.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Silvia Mercuri
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (D.T.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Stefano Netti
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.S.N.); (E.R.)
| | - Elena Ranieri
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (G.S.N.); (E.R.)
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (D.T.); (B.I.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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6
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Heyer V, Reina-San-Martin B. Optimal AID expression and efficient immunoglobulin class switch recombination are dependent on the hypoxia-inducible factor. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350373. [PMID: 37143384 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
During immune responses, B cells engaging a cognate antigen are recruited to GCs in secondary lymphoid organs where they will diversify their BCR to generate highly specific and adapted humoral responses. They do so, by inducing the expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), which initiates somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). AID deaminates cytosines in ss DNA, generating U:G mismatches that are processed to induce ds DNA break intermediates during CSR that result in the expression of a different antibody isotype. Interestingly, hypoxia regions have been reported in GCs and suggesting that hypoxia could modulate the humoral response. Furthermore, hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF) can bind to the AID promoter and induce AID expression in a non-B-cell setting, suggesting that it might be involved in the transcriptional induction of AID in B cells, hence, regulating SHM and CSR. We, thus, hypothesized that HIF could regulate the efficiency of CSR. Here, we show that the inactivation of both the HIF-1α and HIF-1β subunits of the HIF transcription factor in murine CH12 B cells results in defective CSR and that this is due to the suboptimal induction of AID expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Heyer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Bernardo Reina-San-Martin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Kumar V, Stewart JH. Immunometabolic reprogramming, another cancer hallmark. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125874. [PMID: 37275901 PMCID: PMC10235624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves acquired abnormalities in key biological processes. The complexity of cancer pathogenesis is best illustrated in the six hallmarks of the cancer: (1) the development of self-sufficient growth signals, (2) the emergence of clones that are resistant to apoptosis, (3) resistance to the antigrowth signals, (4) neo-angiogenesis, (5) the invasion of normal tissue or spread to the distant organs, and (6) limitless replicative potential. It also appears that non-resolving inflammation leads to the dysregulation of immune cell metabolism and subsequent cancer progression. The present article delineates immunometabolic reprogramming as a critical hallmark of cancer by linking chronic inflammation and immunosuppression to cancer growth and metastasis. We propose that targeting tumor immunometabolic reprogramming will lead to the design of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - John H. Stewart
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
- Louisiana State University- Louisiana Children’s Medical Center, Stanley S. Scott, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA, United States
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8
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Tang YY, Wang DC, Wang YQ, Huang AF, Xu WD. Emerging role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in inflammatory autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1073971. [PMID: 36761171 PMCID: PMC9905447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1073971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a primary metabolic sensor, and is expressed in different immune cells, such as macrophage, dendritic cell, neutrophil, T cell, and non-immune cells, for instance, synovial fibroblast, and islet β cell. HIF-1α signaling regulates cellular metabolism, triggering the release of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory cells proliferation. It is known that microenvironment hypoxia, vascular proliferation, and impaired immunological balance are present in autoimmune diseases. To date, HIF-1α is recognized to be overexpressed in several inflammatory autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, and function of HIF-1α is dysregulated in these diseases. In this review, we narrate the signaling pathway of HIF-1α and the possible immunopathological roles of HIF-1α in autoimmune diseases. The collected information will provide a theoretical basis for the familiarization and development of new clinical trials and treatment based on HIF-1α and inflammatory autoimmune disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Tang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Da-Cheng Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - You-Qiang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Wang-Dong Xu,
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9
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Koers J, Marsman C, Steuten J, Tol S, Derksen NIL, ten Brinke A, van Ham SM, Rispens T. Oxygen level is a critical regulator of human B cell differentiation and IgG class switch recombination. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1082154. [PMID: 36591315 PMCID: PMC9795029 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1082154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of high-affinity antibodies requires an efficient germinal center (GC) response. As differentiating B cells cycle between GC dark and light zones they encounter different oxygen pressures (pO2). However, it is essentially unknown if and how variations in pO2 affect B cell differentiation, in particular for humans. Using optimized in vitro cultures together with in-depth assessment of B cell phenotype and signaling pathways, we show that oxygen is a critical regulator of human naive B cell differentiation and class switch recombination. Normoxia promotes differentiation into functional antibody secreting cells, while a population of CD27++ B cells was uniquely generated under hypoxia. Moreover, time-dependent transitions between hypoxic and normoxic pO2 during culture - reminiscent of in vivo GC cyclic re-entry - steer different human B cell differentiation trajectories and IgG class switch recombination. Taken together, we identified multiple mechanisms trough which oxygen pressure governs human B cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Koers
- Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Casper Marsman
- Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juulke Steuten
- Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Simon Tol
- Department of Research Facilities, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ninotska I. L. Derksen
- Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anja ten Brinke
- Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - S. Marieke van Ham
- Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Theo Rispens
- Department of Immunopathology, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Theo Rispens,
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10
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Advances in Understanding of Metabolism of B-Cell Lymphoma: Implications for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225552. [PMID: 36428647 PMCID: PMC9688663 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been significant recent advances in the understanding of the role of metabolism in normal and malignant B-cell biology. Previous research has focused on the role of MYC and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and how these interact with B-cell receptor signaling and hypoxia to regulate glycolysis, glutaminolysis, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and related metabolic pathways in germinal centers. Many of the commonest forms of lymphoma arise from germinal center B-cells, reflecting the physiological attenuation of normal DNA damage checkpoints to facilitate somatic hypermutation of the immunoglobulin genes. As a result, these lymphomas can inherit the metabolic state of their cell-of-origin. There is increasing interest in the potential of targeting metabolic pathways for anti-cancer therapy. Some metabolic inhibitors such as methotrexate have been used to treat lymphoma for decades, with several new agents being recently licensed such as inhibitors of phosphoinositide-3-kinase. Several other inhibitors are in development including those blocking mTOR, glutaminase, OXPHOS and monocarboxylate transporters. In addition, recent work has highlighted the importance of the interaction between diet and cancer, with particular focus on dietary modifications that restrict carbohydrates and specific amino acids. This article will review the current state of this field and discuss future developments.
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11
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Vivas-García Y, Efeyan A. The metabolic plasticity of B cells. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:991188. [PMID: 36213123 PMCID: PMC9537818 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.991188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The humoral response requires rapid growth, biosynthetic capacity, proliferation and differentiation of B cells. These processes involve profound B-cell phenotypic transitions that are coupled to drastic changes in metabolism so as to meet the extremely different energetic requirements as B cells switch from resting to an activated, highly proliferative state and to plasma or memory cell fates. Thus, B cells execute a multi-step, energetically dynamic process of profound metabolic rewiring from low ATP production to transient and large increments of energy expenditure that depend on high uptake and consumption of glucose and fatty acids. Such metabolic plasticity is under tight transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. Alterations in B-cell metabolism driven by genetic mutations or by extrinsic insults impair B-cell functions and differentiation and may underlie the anomalous behavior of pathological B cells. Herein, we review molecular switches that control B-cell metabolism and fuel utilization, as well as the emerging awareness of the impact of dynamic metabolic adaptations of B cells throughout the different phases of the humoral response.
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12
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Zhang J, Wu X, Ma J, Long K, Sun J, Li M, Ge L. Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor signals regulate the development, metabolism, and function of B cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:967576. [PMID: 36045669 PMCID: PMC9421003 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.967576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common hallmark of healthy tissues in physiological states or chronically inflamed tissues in pathological states. Mammalian cells sense and adapt to hypoxia mainly through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling. Many studies have shown that hypoxia and HIF signaling play an important regulatory role in development and function of innate immune cells and T cells, but their role in B cell biology is still controversial. B cells experience a complex life cycle (including hematopoietic stem cells, pro-B cells, pre-B cells, immature B cells, mature naïve B cells, activated B cells, plasma cells, and memory B cells), and the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the corresponding developmental niche of stage-specific B cells is highly dynamic, which suggests that hypoxia and HIF signaling may play an indispensable role in B cell biology. Based on the fact that hypoxia niches exist in the B cell life cycle, this review focuses on recent discoveries about how hypoxia and HIF signaling regulate the development, metabolism, and function of B cells, to facilitate a deep understanding of the role of hypoxia in B cell-mediated adaptive immunity and to provide novel strategies for vaccine adjuvant research and the treatment of immunity-related or infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Camab Biotech Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keren Long
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangpeng Ge
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Camab Biotech Ltd., Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Liangpeng Ge,
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13
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Su P, Yu L, Mao X, Sun P. Role of HIF-1α/ERRα in Enhancing Cancer Cell Metabolism and Promoting Resistance of Endometrial Cancer Cells to Pyroptosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:881252. [PMID: 35800058 PMCID: PMC9253301 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.881252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is critical to energy metabolism, and tumors are often characterized by a hypoxic microenvironment. Owing to the high metabolic energy demand of malignant tumor cells, their survival is promoted by metabolic reprogramming in the hypoxic microenvironment, which can confer tumor cell resistance to pyroptosis. Pyroptosis resistance can inhibit anti-tumor immunity and promote the development of malignant tumors. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a key regulator of metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells, and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. Therefore, the close interaction between HIF-1α and ERRα influences the metabolic and functional changes in cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the reprogramming of tumor metabolism involving HIF-1α/ERRα. We review our understanding of the role of HIF-1α/ERRα in promoting tumor growth adaptation and pyroptosis resistance, emphasize its key role in energy homeostasis, and explore the regulation of HIF-1α/ERRα in preventing and/or treating endometrial carcinoma patients. This review provides a new perspective for the study of the molecular mechanisms of metabolic changes in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Su
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lirui Yu
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Mao
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengming Sun
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Pengming Sun,
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Boothby MR, Brookens SK, Raybuck AL, Cho SH. Supplying the trip to antibody production-nutrients, signaling, and the programming of cellular metabolism in the mature B lineage. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:352-369. [PMID: 34782762 PMCID: PMC8591438 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID pandemic has refreshed and expanded recognition of the vital role that sustained antibody (Ab) secretion plays in our immune defenses against microbes and of the importance of vaccines that elicit Ab protection against infection. With this backdrop, it is especially timely to review aspects of the molecular programming that govern how the cells that secrete Abs arise, persist, and meet the challenge of secreting vast amounts of these glycoproteins. Whereas plasmablasts and plasma cells (PCs) are the primary sources of secreted Abs, the process leading to the existence of these cell types starts with naive B lymphocytes that proliferate and differentiate toward several potential fates. At each step, cells reside in specific microenvironments in which they not only receive signals from cytokines and other cell surface receptors but also draw on the interstitium for nutrients. Nutrients in turn influence flux through intermediary metabolism and sensor enzymes that regulate gene transcription, translation, and metabolism. This review will focus on nutrient supply and how sensor mechanisms influence distinct cellular stages that lead to PCs and their adaptations as factories dedicated to Ab secretion. Salient findings of this group and others, sometimes exhibiting differences, will be summarized with regard to the journey to a distinctive metabolic program in PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Boothby
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Molecular Pathogenesis Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology & Immunology Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Inflammation, and Immunology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Shawna K Brookens
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Molecular Pathogenesis Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ariel L Raybuck
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Molecular Pathogenesis Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sung Hoon Cho
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Molecular Pathogenesis Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Inflammation, and Immunology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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