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Park WH. Propyl gallate induces human pulmonary fibroblast cell death through the regulation of Bax and caspase-3. Ann Med 2024; 56:2319853. [PMID: 38373208 PMCID: PMC10878342 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2319853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Propyl gallate (PG) has been found to exert an inhibitory effect on the growth of different cell types, including lung cancer cells. However, little is known about the cytotoxicological effects of PG specifically on normal primary lung cells. The current study examined the cellular effects and cell death resulting from PG treatment in human pulmonary fibroblast (HPF) cells. DNA flow cytometry results demonstrated that PG (100-1,600 μM) had a significant impact on the cell cycle, leading to G1 phase arrest. Notably, 1,600 μM PG slightly increased the number of sub-G1 cells. Additionally, PG (400-1,600 μM) resulted in the initiation of cell death, a process that coincided with a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; ΔΨm). This loss of MMP (ΔΨm) was evaluated using a FACS cytometer. In PG-treated HPF cells, inhibitors targeting pan-caspase, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 showed no significant impact on the quantity of annexin V-positive and MMP (ΔΨm) loss cells. The administration of siRNA targeting Bax or caspase-3 demonstrated a significant attenuation of PG-induced cell death in HPF cells. However, the use of siRNAs targeting p53, Bcl-2, or caspase-8 did not exhibit any notable effect on cell death. Furthermore, none of the tested MAPK inhibitors, including MEK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, showed any impact on PG-induced cell death or the loss of MMP (ΔΨm) in HPF cells. In conclusion, PG induces G1 phase arrest of the cell cycle and cell death in HPF cells through apoptosis and/or necrosis. The observed HPF cell death is mediated by the modulation of Bax and caspase-3. These findings offer insights into the cytotoxic and molecular effects of PG on normal HPF cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Hyun Park
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk, Republic of Korea
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Chen Y, Lu A, Hu Z, Li J, Lu J. ERBB3 targeting: A promising approach to overcoming cancer therapeutic resistance. Cancer Lett 2024; 599:217146. [PMID: 39098760 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-3 (ERBB3) is a member of the ERBB receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and is expressed in many malignancies. Along with other ERBB receptors, ERBB3 is associated with regulating normal cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and survival, and has received increased research attention for its involvement in cancer therapies. ERBB3 expression or co-expression levels have been investigated as predictive factors for cancer prognosis and drug sensitivity. Additionally, the association between the elevated expression of ERBB3 and treatment failure in cancer therapy further established ERBB3-targeting therapy as a crucial therapeutic approach. This review delves into the molecular mechanisms of ERBB3-driven resistance to targeted therapeutics against ERBB2 and EGFR and other signal transduction inhibitors, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Using preclinical and clinical evidence, we synthesise and explicate how various aspects of aberrant ERBB3 activities-such as compensatory activation, signal crosstalk interactions, dysregulation in the endocytic pathway, mutations, ligand-independent activation, intrinsic kinase activity, and homodimerisation-can lead to resistance development and/or treatment failures. Several ERBB3-directed monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and the emerging antibody-drug conjugate demonstrate encouraging clinical outcomes for improving therapeutic efficacy and overcoming resistance, especially when combined with other anti-cancer approaches. More research efforts are needed to identify appropriate biomarkers tailored for ERBB3-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Chen
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Anni Lu
- Pinehurst School, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhangli Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xijiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Food and Agriculture Technology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing, 314006, China.
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3
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Biswas D, Yoon JD, Mishra B, Hyun SH. Epigen enhances the developmental potential of in vitro fertilized embryos by improving cytoplasmic maturation. Theriogenology 2024; 218:16-25. [PMID: 38290231 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Numerous growth factors contribute to oocyte maturation and embryonic development in vivo; however, only a few are understood. One such factor is epigen, a new member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family that is secreted by the granulosa cells of immature oocytes. We hypothesized that epigen may play a role in oocyte maturation, specifically in the nuclear and cytoplasmic aspects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of epigen on porcine oocyte maturation and embryo development in vitro. In this study, three different concentrations of epigen (3, 6, and 30 ng/mL) were added to tissue culture medium-199 (TCM-199) during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes. A control group that did not receive epigen supplementation was also included. Mature porcine oocytes were fertilized, and the resulting zygotes were cultured until day 7. The levels of intracellular glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in the in vitro matured oocytes. At the same time, the expression patterns of genes related to apoptosis were detected in day 7 blastocysts (BLs) using real-time quantitative PCR Apoptosis was detected by annexin-V assays in mature oocytes. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test on SPSS, and results are presented as mean ± SEM. The group that received 6 ng/mL epigen had a significantly lower rate of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) than the control group without affecting the nuclear maturation among the experimental groups. Among the treatment groups, the 6 ng/mL epigen group showed significantly higher levels of intracellular GSH and lower ROS production. Supplementation with 6 ng/mL epigen significantly improved blastocyst (BL) formation rates compared to those in the control and 3 ng/mL groups. Additionally, the blastocyst expansion rate was significantly higher with epigen supplementation (6 ng/mL). In the fertilization experiment, the group supplemented with 6 ng/mL epigen exhibited significantly higher levels of monospermy and fertilization efficiency and lower levels of polyspermy than the control group. This study indicated that adding epigen at a concentration of 6 ng/mL can significantly enhance the developmental potential of porcine oocytes fertilized in vitro. Specifically, the study found that epigen improves cytoplasmic maturation, which helps prevent polyspermy and emulates monospermic penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Biswas
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal Campus, Barisal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Junchul David Yoon
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Dept. of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, AgSci 216, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Sang Hwan Hyun
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Guo H, Wang M, Shang Y, Zhang B, Zhang S, Liu X, Cao P, Fan Y, Tan K. Apoptosis-related prognostic biomarkers and potential targets for acute kidney injury based on machine learning algorithm and in vivo experiments. Apoptosis 2024; 29:303-320. [PMID: 37789227 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common critical illness in hospitalized patients, characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function over a short period, which can seriously endanger the patient's life. Currently, there is a lack of precise and universal AKI diagnostic biomarkers in clinical practice. In this study, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), differential expression analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and immune cell infiltration were performed to identify apoptosis-related biomarkers that can be used for AKI diagnosis. Three core apoptosis-related genes (ARGs), CBFB, EGF and COL1A1, were identified as AKI biomarkers. More importantly, an apoptosis-related signature containing three hub ARGs was validated as a diagnostic model. The hub genes exhibited good correlations with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and serum creatinine (SCr) in the Nephroseq kidney disease database. Additionally, CIBERSORT immune infiltration analysis indicated that these core ARGs may affect immune cell recruitment and infiltration in AKI patients. Subsequently, we investigated the alteration of the expression levels of three core ARGs in AKI samples using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and analyzed the cell types that mainly expressed these ARGs. More importantly, the expression of core ARGs was validated in folic acid- and cisplatin-induced AKI mouse models. In summary, our study identified three diagnostic biomarkers for AKI, explored the roles of ARGs in AKI progression and provided new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyao Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Shang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Sidi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China.
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5
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Li N, Xia N, He J, Liu M, Gu M, Lu Y, Yang H, Hao Z, Zha L, Wang X, Wang W, Hu D, Hu J, Cheng X. Amphiregulin improves ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction by modulating autophagy and apoptosis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23488. [PMID: 38358359 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302385r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is defined as sudden ischemic death of myocardial tissue. Amphiregulin (Areg) regulates cell survival and is crucial for the healing of tissues after damage. However, the functions and mechanisms of Areg after MI remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate Areg's impact on myocardial remodeling. Mice model of MI was constructed and Areg-/- mice were used. Expression of Areg was analyzed using western blotting, RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining. Echocardiographic analysis, Masson's trichrome, and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining were used to assess cardiac function and structure. RNA sequencing was used for unbiased analysis. Apoptosis and autophagy were determined by western blotting, TUNEL staining, electron microscopy, and mRFP-GFP-LC3 lentivirus. Lysosomal acidity was determined by Lysotracker staining. Areg was elevated in the infarct border zone after MI. It was mostly secreted by macrophages. Areg deficiency aggravated adverse ventricular remodeling, as reflected by worsening cardiac function, a lower survival rate, increased scar size, and interstitial fibrosis. RNA sequencing analyses showed that Areg related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways, V-ATPase and lysosome pathways. Mechanistically, Areg exerts beneficial effects via increasing lysosomal acidity to promote autophagosome clearance, and activating the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, subsequently inhibiting excessive autophagosome formation and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. This study provides a novel evidence for the role of Areg in inhibiting ventricular remodeling after MI by regulating autophagy and apoptosis and identifies Areg as a potential therapeutic target in ventricular remodeling after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ni Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Muyang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuzhi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoyi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiheng Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingfeng Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Desheng Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Galadima M, Teles M, Pastor J, Hernández-Losa J, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Rivera del Alamo MM. Programmed Death-Ligand (PD-L1), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Relaxin, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3): Potential Biomarkers of Malignancy in Canine Mammary Neoplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1170. [PMID: 38256245 PMCID: PMC10816983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene expression has been suggested as a putative tool for prognosis and diagnosis in canine mammary neoplasia (CMNs). In the present study, 58 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) paraffined canine mammary neoplasias from 27 different bitches were included. Thirty-seven tumours were classified as benign, whereas thirty-one were classified as different types of canine carcinoma. In addition, mammary samples from three healthy bitches were also included. The gene expression for vascular endothelial growth factor-α (VEGFα), CD20, progesterone receptor (PGR), hyaluronidase-1 (HYAL-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), relaxin (RLN2), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3) was assessed through RT-qPCR. All the assessed genes yielded a higher expression in neoplastic mammary tissue than in healthy tissue. All the evaluated genes were overexpressed in neoplastic mammary tissue, suggesting a role in the process of tumorigenesis. Moreover, PD-L1, EGF, relaxin, and MMP3 were significantly overexpressed in malignant CMNs compared to benign CMNs, suggesting they may be useful as malignancy biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makchit Galadima
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (J.P.); (J.E.R.-G.)
| | - Mariana Teles
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Pastor
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (J.P.); (J.E.R.-G.)
| | - Javier Hernández-Losa
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, VHIR, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Joan Enric Rodríguez-Gil
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (J.P.); (J.E.R.-G.)
| | - Maria Montserrat Rivera del Alamo
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.G.); (J.P.); (J.E.R.-G.)
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7
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Singh S, Ghosh P, Roy R, Behera A, Sahadevan R, Kar P, Sadhukhan S, Sonawane A. 4″-Alkyl EGCG Derivatives Induce Cytoprotective Autophagy Response by Inhibiting EGFR in Glioblastoma Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:2286-2301. [PMID: 38250397 PMCID: PMC10795032 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy has been proven vital in the last two decades for the treatment of multiple cancer types, including nonsmall cell lung cancer, glioblastoma, breast cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Unfortunately, the majority of approved EGFR inhibitors fall into the drug resistance category because of continuous mutations and acquired resistance. Recently, autophagy has surfaced as one of the emerging underlying mechanisms behind resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Previously, we developed a series of 4″-alkyl EGCG (4″-Cn EGCG, n = 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18) derivatives with enhanced anticancer effects and stability. Therefore, the current study hypothesized that 4″-alkyl EGCG might induce cytoprotective autophagy upon EGFR inhibition, and inhibition of autophagy may lead to improved cytotoxicity. In this study, we have observed growth inhibition and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in 4″-alkyl EGCG derivative-treated glioblastoma cells (U87-MG). We also confirmed that 4″-alkyl EGCG could inhibit EGFR in the cells, as well as mutant L858R/T790M EGFR, through an in vitro kinase assay. Furthermore, we have found that EGFR inhibition with 4″-alkyl EGCG induces cytoprotective autophagic responses, accompanied by the blockage of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, cytotoxicity caused by 4″-C10 EGCG, 4″-C12 EGCG, and 4″-C14 EGCG was significantly increased after the inhibition of autophagy by the pharmacological inhibitor chloroquine. These findings enhance our understanding of the autophagic response toward EGFR inhibitors in glioblastoma cells and suggest a potent combinatorial strategy to increase the therapeutic effectiveness of EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Singh
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Priya Ghosh
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Rajarshi Roy
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Ananyaashree Behera
- School
of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751 024, India
| | - Revathy Sahadevan
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Parimal Kar
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
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8
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Rofaeil RR, Ibrahim MA, Mohyeldin RH, El-Tahawy NF, Abdelzaher WY. Role of EGF/ERK1/2/HO-1 axis in mediating methotrexate induced testicular damage in rats and the ameliorative effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:511-520. [PMID: 36883686 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2181684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used in the management of several malignancies and autoimmune disorders; however, testicular damage is one of the most detrimental effects of MTX administration. The current the protective effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitors either purine analogue; allopurinol (ALL) or non-purine analogue; febuxostat (FEB) in testicular injury induced by MTX in rats.Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were randomly allocated to four groups; control (received vehicles), MTX (received single dose, 20 mg/kg, i.p.), MTX + ALL (received MTX plus ALL) and MTX + FEB (received MTX plus ALL). ALL and FEB were administered orally at 100- and 10 mg/kg, respectively for 15 days. Total and free testosterone were measured in serum. In addition, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), epidermal growth factor (EGF), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), extracellular signal-regulating kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), and total nitrite/nitrate (NOx) end products were measured in testicular tissues. At the same time, immunoexpression of HO-1in testicular tissue was measured. Histopathological examination was done.Results: ALL and FEB increased total and free serum testosterone. Both drugs showed a significant reduction in testicular MDA, NOx, TNF-α levels with an increase in TAC, EGF, and ERK1/2 levels in testicular tissue. Furthermore, both drugs enhanced HO-1 immunoexpression in testicular tissue. All these findings were parallel to the preservation of normal testicular architecture in rats treated with ALL and FEB.Conclusion: All and FEB were equally protective against testicular damage induced by MTX through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant actions. Their effects might be through activation of the EGF/ERK1/2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remon Roshdy Rofaeil
- Department of Pharmacology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Deraya University, New Minia, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Reham H Mohyeldin
- Department of Pharmacology, Deraya University, New Minia, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nashwa F El-Tahawy
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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9
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Darré T, Sama B, Djiwa T, Afantodji-Agbeti WED, Bombone M, Kambote Y, Simgban P, M'Bortche BK, Douaguibe B, Amégbor K, Tchaou M, Aboubakari AS, Saka B, Napo-Koura G. Factors associated with vulvar cancer from 2005 to 2021 in Togo, sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:514. [PMID: 37752494 PMCID: PMC10521553 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND vulvar cancer, once predominantly diagnosed in older women, is increasingly being diagnosed in younger individuals, due to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Our study aimed to describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of vulvar cancer in Togo and its associated factors. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study, conducted on vulvar cancer cases histologically diagnosed at the Pathological Laboratory of Lomé over a period of 17-years (2005-2021). Parameters investigated included age, occupation, risk factors, sample nature, macroscopic tumor aspects, histological types, therapeutic intervenions, and prognostic outcomes. RESULTS A total of 32 cases of vulvar cancer were collected, yieding an annual frequency of 1.88 cases. The average age of the patients was 48±14.12 years with extremes of 27 years and 82 years. Housewives accounted for the largest proportion of cases (37.5%). Among the 32 cases, 27 had identifiable risk factors, with HPV infection being the most prevalentr (33.3%). The ulcero-budding aspect was most frequently observed, and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type, with the majority being well differentiated (89.3%). Statistically significant associations were found between risk factors and histological types, risk factors and degrees of differentiation, as well as between histological types and good differentiation of vulvar cancers. The 3-year survival was estimated at 78.13%. CONCLUSION The incidence of vulvar cancer is increasing in Togo, particularly among young, primarily due to HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tchin Darré
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
| | - Bagassam Sama
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Toukilnan Djiwa
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | | | - Mayi Bombone
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Yendoubé Kambote
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Panakinao Simgban
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Bingo K M'Bortche
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Baguilane Douaguibe
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Koffi Amégbor
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Mazamaesso Tchaou
- Department of Imaging, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé and Kara, Lomé, Togo
| | | | - Bayaki Saka
- Department of Dermatology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Gado Napo-Koura
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
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10
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Ghasemitarei M, Ghorbi T, Yusupov M, Zhang Y, Zhao T, Shali P, Bogaerts A. Effects of Nitro-Oxidative Stress on Biomolecules: Part 1-Non-Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1371. [PMID: 37759771 PMCID: PMC10527456 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma medicine, or the biomedical application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), is an expanding field within plasma research. CAP has demonstrated remarkable versatility in diverse biological applications, including cancer treatment, wound healing, microorganism inactivation, and skin disease therapy. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of CAP remain incompletely understood. The therapeutic effects of CAP are largely attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), which play a crucial role in the biological responses induced by CAP. Specifically, RONS produced during CAP treatment have the ability to chemically modify cell membranes and membrane proteins, causing nitro-oxidative stress, thereby leading to changes in membrane permeability and disruption of cellular processes. To gain atomic-level insights into these interactions, non-reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have emerged as a valuable tool. These simulations facilitate the examination of larger-scale system dynamics, including protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the applications of non-reactive MD simulations in studying the effects of CAP on cellular components and interactions at the atomic level, providing a detailed overview of the potential of CAP in medicine. We also review the results of other MD studies that are not related to plasma medicine but explore the effects of nitro-oxidative stress on cellular components and are therefore important for a broader understanding of the underlying processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghasemitarei
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tayebeh Ghorbi
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
| | - Maksudbek Yusupov
- School of Engineering, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan
- School of Engineering, Central Asian University, Tashkent 111221, Uzbekistan
- Laboratory of Thermal Physics of Multiphase Systems, Arifov Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yuantao Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Parisa Shali
- Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Agriculture, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annemie Bogaerts
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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11
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Wu Q, Sharma D. Autophagy and Breast Cancer: Connected in Growth, Progression, and Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081156. [PMID: 37190065 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite an increase in the incidence of breast cancer worldwide, overall prognosis has been consistently improving owing to the development of multiple targeted therapies and novel combination regimens including endocrine therapies, aromatase inhibitors, Her2-targeted therapies, and cdk4/6 inhibitors. Immunotherapy is also being actively examined for some breast cancer subtypes. This overall positive outlook is marred by the development of resistance or reduced efficacy of the drug combinations, but the underlying mechanisms are somewhat unclear. It is interesting to note that cancer cells quickly adapt and evade most therapies by activating autophagy, a catabolic process designed to recycle damaged cellular components and provide energy. In this review, we discuss the role of autophagy and autophagy-associated proteins in breast cancer growth, drug sensitivity, tumor dormancy, stemness, and recurrence. We further explore how autophagy intersects and reduces the efficacy of endocrine therapies, targeted therapies, radiotherapy, chemotherapies as well as immunotherapy via modulating various intermediate proteins, miRs, and lncRNAs. Lastly, the potential application of autophagy inhibitors and bioactive molecules to improve the anticancer effects of drugs by circumventing the cytoprotective autophagy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287-0013, USA
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287-0013, USA
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12
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Bakhshandeh B, Ranjbar N, Abbasi A, Amiri E, Abedi A, Mehrabi M, Dehghani Z, Pennisi CP. Recent progress in the manipulation of biochemical and biophysical cues for engineering functional tissues. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10383. [PMID: 36925674 PMCID: PMC10013802 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is currently considered a cutting-edge discipline that offers the potential for developing treatments for health conditions that negatively affect the quality of life. This interdisciplinary field typically involves the combination of cells, scaffolds, and appropriate induction factors for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissue. Cell fate decisions, such as survival, proliferation, or differentiation, critically depend on various biochemical and biophysical factors provided by the extracellular environment during developmental, physiological, and pathological processes. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of action of these factors is critical to accurately mimic the complex architecture of the extracellular environment of living tissues and improve the efficiency of TE approaches. In this review, we recapitulate the effects that biochemical and biophysical induction factors have on various aspects of cell fate. While the role of biochemical factors, such as growth factors, small molecules, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and cytokines, has been extensively studied in the context of TE applications, it is only recently that we have begun to understand the effects of biophysical signals such as surface topography, mechanical, and electrical signals. These biophysical cues could provide a more robust set of stimuli to manipulate cell signaling pathways during the formation of the engineered tissue. Furthermore, the simultaneous application of different types of signals appears to elicit synergistic responses that are likely to improve functional outcomes, which could help translate results into successful clinical therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bakhshandeh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Nika Ranjbar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Ardeshir Abbasi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Elahe Amiri
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Ali Abedi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammad‐Reza Mehrabi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Zahra Dehghani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark
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13
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Liao F, Liao Z, Zhang T, Jiang W, Zhu P, Zhao Z, Shi H, Zhao D, Zhou N, Huang X. ECFC-derived exosomal THBS1 mediates angiogenesis and osteogenesis in distraction osteogenesis via the PI3K/AKT/ERK pathway. J Orthop Translat 2022; 37:12-22. [PMID: 36196150 PMCID: PMC9513111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a widely used bone regenerative technique. However, the DO process is slow, and the consolidation phase is long. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore the mechanism of DO, and shorten its duration. Recent studies reported that stem cell exosomes may play an important role in promoting angiogenesis related to DO, but the mechanism remains unclear. Methods Canine endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) were isolated and cultured, and the expression of THBS1 in canine ECFCs were inhibited using a lentiviral vector. The exosomes secreted by canine ECFCs were isolated and extracted, and the effect of exosomes on the angiogenic activity of Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected by proliferation, migration, and tube formation experiments. WB and qRT-PCR were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of THBS1-mediated ECFC-Exos on HUVECs angiogenesis. Then, a mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) model was established in adult male beagles, and exosomes were injected into the canine peripheral blood. Micro-CT, H&E, Masson, and IHC staining were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of THBS1-mediated ECFC-Exos on angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the DO area. Results ECFC-Exo accelerated HUVECs proliferation, migration and tube formation, and this ability was enhanced by inhibiting the expression of THBS1 in ECFC-Exo. Using Western blot-mediated detection, we demonstrated that inhibiting THBS1 expression in ECFCs-Exo activated PI3K, AKT, and ERK phosphorylation levels in HUVECs, which promoted VEGF and bFGF expressions. In the DO model of the canine mandible, ECFCs-Exo injected into the peripheral blood aggregated into the DO gap, thus promoting angiogenesis and bone formation in the DO tissue by reducing THBS1 expression in ECFC-Exo. Conclusion Our findings suggested that ECFC-Exos markedly enhances angiogenesis of endothelial cells, and promotes bone healing in canine MDO. Thus, THBS1 plays a crucial role in the ECFC-Exos-mediated regulation of canine MDO angiogenesis and bone remodeling. The translational potential of this article This study reveals that the angiogenic promotion via THBS1 suppression in ECFC-Exos may be a promising strategy for shortening the DO duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchun Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqi Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchen Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Henglei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuanping Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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14
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GC S, Bellis SL, Hjelmeland AB. ST6Gal1: Oncogenic signaling pathways and targets. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:962908. [PMID: 36106023 PMCID: PMC9465715 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi-sialyltransferase ST6Gal1 (βgalactosidase α2,6 sialyltransferase 1), adds the negatively charged sugar, sialic acid, to the terminal galactose of N-glycosylated proteins. Upregulation of ST6Gal1 is observed in many malignancies, and a large body of research has determined that ST6Gal1-mediated α2,6 sialylation impacts cancer hallmarks. ST6Gal1 affects oncogenic behaviors including sustained proliferation, enhanced self-renewal, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and chemoresistance. However, there are relatively few ST6GaL1 related signaling pathways that are well-established to mediate these biologies: greater delineation of specific targets and signaling mechanisms that are orchestrated by ST6Gal1 is needed. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of our current understanding of select oncogenic signaling pathways and targets affected by ST6Gal1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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15
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TRAIL & EGFR affibody dual-display on a protein nanoparticle synergistically suppresses tumor growth. J Control Release 2022; 349:367-378. [PMID: 35809662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer drug candidate because it selectively binds to the proapoptotic death receptors, which are frequently overexpressed in a wide range of cancer cells, subsequently inducing strong apoptosis in these cells. However, the therapeutic benefit of TRAIL has not been clearly proven, mainly because of its poor pharmacokinetic characteristics and frequent resistance to its application caused by the activation of a survival signal via the EGF/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Here, a lumazine synthase protein cage nanoparticle isolated from Aquifex aeolicus (AaLS) was used as a multiple ligand-displaying nanoplatform to display polyvalently both TRAIL and EGFR binding affibody molecules (EGFRAfb) via a SpyTag/SpyCatcher protein-ligation system, to form AaLS/TRAIL/EGFRAfb. The dual-ligand-displaying AaLS/TRAIL/EGFRAfb exhibited a dramatically enhanced cytotoxicity on TRAIL-resistant and EGFR-overexpressing A431 cancer cells in vitro, effectively disrupting the EGF-mediated EGFR survival signaling pathway by blocking EGF/EGFR binding as well as strongly activating both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways synergistically. The AaLS/TRAIL/EGFRAfb selectively targeted A431 cancer cells in vitro and actively reached the tumor sites in vivo. The A431 tumor-bearing mice treated with AaLS/TRAIL/EGFRAfb exhibited a significant suppression of the tumor growth without any significant side effects. Collectively, these findings showed that the AaLS/TRAIL/EGFRAfb could be used as an effective protein-based therapeutic for treating EGFR-positive cancers, which are difficult to manage using mono-therapeutic approaches.
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Valencia-Expósito A, Gómez-Lamarca MJ, Widmann TJ, Martín-Bermudo MD. Integrins Cooperate With the EGFR/Ras Pathway to Preserve Epithelia Survival and Architecture in Development and Oncogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:892691. [PMID: 35769262 PMCID: PMC9234701 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.892691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is required for normal epithelial cell survival. Disruption of this interaction leads to a specific type of apoptosis known as anoikis. Yet, there are physiological and pathological situations in which cells not connected to the ECM are protected from anoikis, such as during cell migration or metastasis. The main receptors transmitting signals from the ECM are members of the integrin family. However, although integrin-mediated cell-ECM anchorage has been long recognized as crucial for epithelial cell survival, the in vivo significance of this interaction remains to be weighed. In this work, we have used the Drosophila wing imaginal disc epithelium to analyze the importance of integrins as survival factors during epithelia morphogenesis. We show that reducing integrin expression in the wing disc induces caspase-dependent cell death and basal extrusion of the dead cells. In this case, anoikis is mediated by the activation of the JNK pathway, which in turn triggers expression of the proapoptotic protein Hid. In addition, our results strongly suggest that, during wing disc morphogenesis, the EGFR pathway protects cells undergoing cell shape changes upon ECM detachment from anoikis. Furthermore, we show that oncogenic activation of the EGFR/Ras pathway in integrin mutant cells rescues them from apoptosis while promoting their extrusion from the epithelium. Altogether, our results support the idea that integrins promote cell survival during normal tissue morphogenesis and prevent the extrusion of transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Jesús Gómez-Lamarca
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - María D. Martín-Bermudo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- *Correspondence: María D. Martín-Bermudo,
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Early Steps of Resistance to Targeted Therapies in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112613. [PMID: 35681591 PMCID: PMC9179469 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with lung cancer benefit from more effective treatments, such as targeted therapies, and the overall survival has increased in the past decade. However, the efficacy of targeted therapies is limited due to the emergence of resistance. Growing evidence suggests that resistances may arise from a small population of drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells. Understanding the mechanisms underlying DTP survival is therefore crucial to develop therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of resistance. Herein, we propose an overview of the current scientific knowledge about the characterisation of DTP, and summarise the new therapeutic strategies that are tested to target these cells. Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men and women worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective therapies for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbouring EGFR-activating mutations, but are not curative due to the inevitable emergence of resistances. Recent in vitro studies suggest that resistance to EGFR-TKI may arise from a small population of drug-tolerant persister cells (DTP) through non-genetic reprogramming, by entering a reversible slow-to-non-proliferative state, before developing genetically derived resistances. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms governing the dynamics of the drug-tolerant state is therefore a priority to provide sustainable therapeutic solutions for patients. An increasing number of molecular mechanisms underlying DTP survival are being described, such as chromatin and epigenetic remodelling, the reactivation of anti-apoptotic/survival pathways, metabolic reprogramming, and interactions with their micro-environment. Here, we review and discuss the existing proposed mechanisms involved in the DTP state. We describe their biological features, molecular mechanisms of tolerance, and the therapeutic strategies that are tested to target the DTP.
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Ravichandran R, PriyaDharshini LC, Sakthivel KM, Rasmi RR. Role and regulation of autophagy in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166400. [PMID: 35341960 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular self-degradative mechanism which responds to cellular conditions like stress or starvation and plays a key role in regulating cell metabolism, energy homeostasis, starvation adaptation, development and cell death. Numerous studies have stipulated the participation of autophagy in cancer, but the role of autophagy either as tumor suppressor or tumor promoter is not clearly understood. However, mechanisms by which autophagy promotes cancer involves a diverse range of modifications of autophagy associated proteins such as ATGs, Beclin-1, mTOR, p53, KRAS etc. and autophagy pathways like mTOR, PI3K, MAPK, EGFR, HIF and NFκB. Furthermore, several researches have highlighted a context-dependent, cell type and stage-dependent regulation of autophagy in cancer. Alongside this, the interaction between tumor cells and their microenvironment including hypoxia has a great potential in modulating autophagy response in favour to substantiate cancer cell metabolism, self-proliferation and metastasis. In this review article, we highlight the mechanism of autophagy and their contribution to cancer cell proliferation and development. In addition, we discuss about tumor microenvironment interaction and their consequence on selective autophagy pathways and the involvement of autophagy in various tumor types and their therapeutic interventions concentrated on exploiting autophagy as a potential target to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Ravichandran
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kunnathur Murugesan Sakthivel
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajan Radha Rasmi
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ji X, Ma H, Du Y. Role and mechanism of action of LAPTM4B in EGFR‑mediated autophagy (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:109. [PMID: 35242237 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Ji
- Department of Cytology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ma
- Department of Cytology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yun Du
- Department of Cytology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Abouzed TK, Soliman MM, Khatab SA, Gouda WM, Eldomany EB, Dorghamm DA. The protective impacts of Spirulina platensis against cisplatin-induced renal injury through the regulation of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and Bax/Bcl2. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:169-178. [PMID: 35237421 PMCID: PMC8882809 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main antineoplastic chemotherapy medications is cisplatin, of which nephropathy is a major side effect. In this current study, we aim to investigate the molecular protective effect of Spirulina platensis (SP) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. In total, 48 healthy male albino rats were allocated into 4 groups. Group 1 received saline intraperitoneally (IP) twice per week (normal rats). Group 2 received SP (100 mg/kg BW orally). Group 3 were injected with cisplatin (1.5 mg/kg IP) twice per week. Group 4 received SP and on the 4th day received cisplatin (1.5 mg/kg IP) for 21 days. After 3 weeks of experiment, blood and renal tissues were taken for serum analysis, gene expression using qRT-polymerase chain reaction, and renal histopathology. As per our findings, it was found that SP significantly ameliorated the alterations in body weight, relative kidney weight, and the disturbance in examined renal markers. Furthermore, SP recovered and restored cisplatin-induced oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA and NO) and antioxidant activity (SOD and GSH) and cisplatin-induced upregulation in the gene expression of TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, TGF1-β, IL-1β, and IL-6. Interestingly, these gene expressions were ameliorated by the SP pre-administration. Furthermore, cisplatin upregulated pro-apoptotic gene Bax, whereas it downregulated anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2. Interestingly, SP mitigated this alteration in apoptosis and anti-apoptotic associated genes. Renal histopathology revealed the protective impacts of SP against cisplatin-induced severe glomerular congestion, hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, degeneration, and severe necrosis in renal glomeruli and tubules. In conclusion, SP has a protective effect against cisplatin-induced renal damage through modulating oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory, anti-necrotic, and anti-apoptotic-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Kamal Abouzed
- Correspondence address. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El Gaish Street Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egyt. Tel/Fax: 047/3116211; E-mail: and
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shymaa A Khatab
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Wael M Gouda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhur 22511, Egypt
| | - Ehab B Eldomany
- Department of Biotechnology and Life sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Doaa Abdullah Dorghamm
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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21
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Jahangiri L, Pucci P, Ishola T, Pereira J, Cavanagh ML, Turner SD. Deep analysis of neuroblastoma core regulatory circuitries using online databases and integrated bioinformatics shows their pan-cancer roles as prognostic predictors. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:56. [PMID: 35201514 PMCID: PMC8777518 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Neuroblastoma is a heterogeneous childhood cancer derived from the neural crest. The dual cell identities of neuroblastoma include Mesenchymal (MES) and Adrenergic (ADRN). These identities are conferred by a small set of tightly-regulated transcription factors (TFs) binding super enhancers, collectively forming core regulatory circuitries (CRCs). The purpose of this study was to gain a deep understanding of the role of MES and ADRN TFs in neuroblastoma and other cancers as potential indicators of disease prognosis, progression, and relapse. METHODS To that end, we first investigated the expression and mutational profile of MES and ADRN TFs in neuroblastoma. Moreover, we established their correlation with neuroblastoma risk groups and overall survival while establishing their extended networks with long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Furthermore, we analysed the pan-cancer expression and mutational profile of these TFs and their correlation with patient survival and finally their network connectivity, using a panel of bioinformatic tools including GEPIA2, human pathology atlas, TIMER2, Omicsnet, and Cytoscape. RESULTS We show the association of multiple MES and ADRN TFs with neuroblastoma risk groups and overall survival and find significantly higher expression of various MES and ADRN TFs compared to normal tissues and their association with overall survival and disease-free survival in multiple cancers. Moreover, we report the strong correlation of the expression of these TFs with the infiltration of stromal and immune cells in the tumour microenvironment and with stemness and metastasis-related genes. Furthermore, we reveal extended pan-cancer networks comprising these TFs that influence the tumour microenvironment and metastasis and may be useful indicators of cancer prognosis and patient survival. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis shows the significance of MES and ADRN TFs as indicators of patient prognosis and the putative utility of these TFs as potential novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Jahangiri
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
- School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS UK
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Perla Pucci
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tala Ishola
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joao Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Megan L. Cavanagh
- Department of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Suzanne D. Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CEITEC, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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22
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Kumar P, Jagtap YA, Patwa SM, Kinger S, Dubey AR, Prajapati VK, Dhiman R, Poluri KM, Mishra A. Autophagy based cellular physiological strategies target oncogenic progression. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:258-277. [PMID: 34448206 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Evidence accumulated from past findings indicates that defective proteostasis may contribute to risk factors for cancer generation. Irregular assembly of abnormal proteins catalyzes the disturbance of cellular proteostasis and induces the ability of abnormal cellular proliferation. The autophagy mechanism plays a key role in the regular clearance of abnormal/poor lipids, proteins, and various cellular organelles. The results of functional and effective autophagy deliver normal cellular homeostasis, which establishes supportive metabolism and avoids unexpected tumorigenesis events. Still, the precise molecular mechanism of autophagy in tumor suppression has not been clear. How autophagy triggers selective or nonselective bulk degradation to dissipate tumor promotion under stress conditions is not clear. Under proteotoxic insults to knockdown the drive of tumorigenesis, it is critical for us to figure out the detailed molecular functions of autophagy in human cancers. The current article summarizes autophagy-based theragnostic strategies targeting various phases of tumorigenesis and suggests the preventive roles of autophagy against tumor progression. A better understanding of various molecular partners of autophagic flux will improve and innovate therapeutic approaches based on autophagic-susceptible effects against cellular oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yuvraj Anandrao Jagtap
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Som Mohanlal Patwa
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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23
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Ma M, Zhao Z, Liang Q, Shen H, Zhao Z, Chen Z, He R, Feng S, Cao D, Gan G, Ye H, Qiu W, Deng J, Ming F, Jia J, Sun C, Li J, Zhang L. Overexpression of pEGF improved the gut protective function of Clostridium butyricum partly through STAT3 signal pathway. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5973-5991. [PMID: 34396488 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) is a probiotic that could promote animal growth and protect gut health. So far, current studies mainly keep up with the basic biological functions of C. butyricum, missing the effective strategy to further improve its protective efficiency. A recent report about C. butyricum alleviating intestinal injury through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inspired us to bridge this gap by porcine epidermal growth factor (EGF) overexpression. Lacking a secretory overexpression system, we constructed the recombinant strains overexpressing pEGF in C. butyricum for the first time and obtained 4 recombinant strains for highly efficient secretion of pEGF (BC/pPD1, BC/pSPP, BC/pGHF, and BC/pDBD). Compared to the wild-type strain, we confirmed that the expression level ranges of the intestinal development-related genes (Claudin-1, GLUT-2, SUC, GLP2R, and EGFR) and anti-inflammation-related gene (IL-10) in IPECs were upregulated under recombinant strain stimulation, and the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium was significantly inhibited as well. Furthermore, a particular inhibitor (stattic) was used to block STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting in the downregulation on antibacterial effect of recombinant strains. This study demonstrated that the secretory overexpression of pEGF in C. butyricum could upregulate the expression level of EGFR, consequently improving the intestinal protective functions of C. butyricum partly following STAT3 signal activation in IPECs and making it a positive loop. These findings on the overexpression strains pointed out a new direction for further development and utilization of C. butyricum. KEY POINTS: • By 12 signal peptide screening in silico, 4 pEGF overexpression strains of C. butyricum/pMTL82151-pEGF for highly efficient secretion of pEGF were generated for the first time. • The secretory overexpression of pEGF promoted the intestinal development, antimicrobial action, and anti-inflammatory function of C. butyricum. • The overexpressed pEGF upregulated the expression level of EGFR and further magnified the gut protective function of recombinant strains which in turn partly depended on STAT3 signal pathway in IPECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaopeng Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianyi Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Haokun Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zengjue Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongxiao He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Saixiang Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ding Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanhua Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Hejia Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Weihong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinbo Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Feiping Ming
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhao Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Chongjun Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Linghua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Mushtaq U, Bashir M, Nabi S, Khanday FA. Epidermal growth factor receptor and integrins meet redox signaling through P66shc and Rac1. Cytokine 2021; 146:155625. [PMID: 34157521 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review examines the concerted role of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and integrins in regulating Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through different signaling pathways. ROS as such are not always deleterious to the cells but they also act as signaling molecules, that regulates numerous indespensible physiological fuctions of life. Many adaptor proteins, particularly Shc and Grb2, are involved in mediating the downstream signaling pathways stimulated by EGFR and integrins. Integrin-induced activation of EGFR and subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of a class of acceptor sites on EGFR leads to alignment and tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc, PLCγ, the p85 subunit of PI-3 K, and Cbl, followed by activation of the downstream targets Erk and Akt/PKB. Functional interactions between these receptors result in the activation of Rac1 via these adaptor proteins, thereby leading to Reactive Oxygen Species. Both GF and integrin activation can produce oxidants independently, however synergistically there is increased ROS generation, suggesting a mutual cooperation between integrins and GFRs for redox signalling. The ROS produced further promotes feed-forward stimulation of redox signaling events such as MAPK activation and gene expression. This relationship has not been reviewed previously. The literature presented here can have multiple implications, ranging from looking at synergistic effects of integrin and EGFR mediated signaling mechanisms of different proteins to possible therapeutic interventions operated by these two receptors. Furthermore, such mutual redox regulation of crosstalk between EGFR and integrins not only add to the established models of pathological oxidative stress, but also can impart new avenues and opportunities for targeted antioxidant based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Mushtaq
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, JK 191201, India
| | - Muneesa Bashir
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India; Department of Higher Education, Government of Jammu & Kashmir, 190001, India
| | - Sumaiya Nabi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India
| | - Firdous A Khanday
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, JK 190006, India.
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25
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Usman RM, Razzaq F, Akbar A, Farooqui AA, Iftikhar A, Latif A, Hassan H, Zhao J, Carew JS, Nawrocki ST, Anwer F. Role and mechanism of autophagy-regulating factors in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 17:193-208. [PMID: 32970929 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark feature of tumorigenesis is uncontrolled cell division. Autophagy is regulated by more than 30 genes and it is one of several mechanisms by which cells maintain homeostasis. Autophagy promotes cancer progression and drug resistance. Several genes play important roles in autophagy-induced tumorigenesis and drug resistance including Beclin-1, MIF, HMGB1, p53, PTEN, p62, RAC3, SRC3, NF-2, MEG3, LAPTM4B, mTOR, BRAF and c-MYC. These genes alter cell growth, cellular microenvironment and cell division. Mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and drug resistance include microdeletions, genetic mutations, loss of heterozygosity, hypermethylation, microsatellite instability and translational modifications at a molecular level. Disrupted or altered autophagy has been reported in hematological malignancies like lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma as well as multiple solid organ tumors like colorectal, hepatocellular, gall bladder, pancreatic, gastric and cholangiocarcinoma among many other malignancies. In addition, defects in autophagy also play a role in drug resistance in cancers like osteosarcoma, ovarian and lung carcinomas following treatment with drugs such as doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, gemcitabine and etoposide. Therapeutic approaches that modulate autophagy are a novel future direction for cancer drug development that may help to prevent issues with disease progression and overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Muhammad Usman
- Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Faryal Razzaq
- Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arshia Akbar
- Department of Medical Intensive Care, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahmad Iftikhar
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Azka Latif
- Department of Medicine, Crieghton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Hamza Hassan
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer S Carew
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Faiz Anwer
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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26
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Park WH. Enhanced cell death effects of MAP kinase inhibitors in propyl gallate-treated lung cancer cells are related to increased ROS levels and GSH depletion. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 74:105176. [PMID: 33865947 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Propyl gallate (PG) has an anti-growth effect in lung cancer cells. The present study investigated the effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; MEK, JNK, and p38) inhibitors on PG-treated Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells in relation to cell death as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels. PG induced cell death in both Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells at 24 h, which was accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; ΔΨm). All of the tested MAPK inhibitors increased cell death in both PG-treated lung cancer cell lines. In particular, MEK inhibitor strongly enhanced cell death and MMP (ΔΨm) loss in PG-treated Calu-6 cells and p38 inhibitor had the same effects in A549 cells as well. PG increased ROS levels and caused GSH depletion in both cell lines at 24 h. MAPK inhibitors increased O2•- levels and GSH depletion in PG-treated Calu-6 cells, and JNK and p38 inhibitors increased ROS levels and GSH depletion in PG-treated A549 cells. In conclusion, MAPK inhibitors increased cell death in PG-treated Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells. Enhanced cell death and GSH depletion in Calu-6 cells caused by the MEK inhibitor were related to increased O2•- levels, and the effects of the p38 inhibitor in A549 cells were correlated with increased general ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Hyun Park
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbuk National University, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54907, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Tardy OR, Armitage EL, Prince LR, Evans IR. The Epidermal Growth Factor Ligand Spitz Modulates Macrophage Efferocytosis, Wound Responses and Migration Dynamics During Drosophila Embryogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:636024. [PMID: 33898424 PMCID: PMC8060507 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.636024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
How multifunctional cells such as macrophages interpret the different cues within their environment and undertake an appropriate response is a key question in developmental biology. Understanding how cues are prioritized is critical to answering this - both the clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) and the migration toward damaged tissue is dependent on macrophages being able to interpret and prioritize multiple chemoattractants, polarize, and then undertake an appropriate migratory response. Here, we investigate the role of Spitz, the cardinal Drosophila epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand, in regulation of macrophage behavior in the developing fly embryo, using activated variants with differential diffusion properties. Our results show that misexpression of activated Spitz can impact macrophage polarity and lead to clustering of cells in a variant-specific manner, when expressed either in macrophages or the developing fly heart. Spitz can also alter macrophage distribution and perturb apoptotic cell clearance undertaken by these phagocytic cells without affecting the overall levels of apoptosis within the embryo. Expression of active Spitz, but not a membrane-bound variant, can also increase macrophage migration speeds and impair their inflammatory responses to injury. The fact that the presence of Spitz specifically undermines the recruitment of more distal cells to wound sites suggests that Spitz desensitizes macrophages to wounds or is able to compete for their attention where wound signals are weaker. Taken together these results suggest this molecule regulates macrophage migration and their ability to dispose of apoptotic cells. This work identifies a novel regulator of Drosophila macrophage function and provides insights into signal prioritization and integration in vivo. Given the importance of apoptotic cell clearance and inflammation in human disease, this work may help us to understand the role EGF ligands play in immune cell recruitment during development and at sites of disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier R. Tardy
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L. Armitage
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne R. Prince
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Iwan R. Evans
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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28
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Schelch K, Vogel L, Schneller A, Brankovic J, Mohr T, Mayer RL, Slany A, Gerner C, Grusch M. EGF Induces Migration Independent of EMT or Invasion in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:634371. [PMID: 33777943 PMCID: PMC7994520 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.634371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors and the tumor microenvironment produce multiple growth factors that influence cancer cell behavior via various signal transduction pathways. Growth factors, like transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), have been shown to induce proliferation, migration, and invasion in different cell models. Both factors are frequently overexpressed in cancer and will often act in combination. Although both factors are being used as rational targets in clinical oncology, the similarities and differences of their contributions to cancer cell migration and invasion are not fully understood. Here we compared the impact of treating A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells with TGFβ, EGF, and both in combination by applying videomicroscopy, functional assays, immunoblotting, real-time PCR, and proteomics. Treatment with both factors stimulated A549 migration to a similar extent, but with different kinetics. The combination had an additive effect. EGF-induced migration depended on activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. However, this pathway was dispensable for TGFβ-induced migration, despite a strong activation of this pathway by TGFβ. Proteome analysis (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD023024) revealed an overlap in expression patterns of migration-related proteins and associated gene ontology (GO) terms by TGFβ and EGF. Further, only TGFβ induced the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins like matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). EGF, in contrast, made no major contribution to EMT marker expression on either the protein or the transcript level. In line with these expression patterns, TGFβ treatment significantly increased the invasive capacity of A549 cells, while EGF treatment did not. Moreover, the addition of EGF failed to enhance TGFβ-induced invasion. Overall, these data suggest that TGFβ and EGF can partly compensate for each other for stimulation of cell migration, but abrogation of TGFβ signaling may be more suitable to suppress cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Vogel
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Schneller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jelena Brankovic
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert L Mayer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Slany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Wang X, Li H, Li D, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Yan X, Li J, Zhao R, Liu J, Liu W, Shi M, Xu C, Yang T, Zhang T. Sorafenib and CuB exert synergistic antitumor effects against hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 11:133-145. [PMID: 33176070 PMCID: PMC7780105 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, the first‐line agent for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), improves median overall survival by approximately 3 months. In the present study, we investigated whether sorafenib combined with cucurbitacin B (CuB), a natural tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from Cucurbitaceae, exerts enhanced antitumor effects against HCC. Cell viability and colony formation ability were detected by cell‐counting kit‐8 and colony formation assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Protein expression was detected by western blotting. HepG2 xenografts in nude mice were used to evaluate in vivo antitumor effects. We report that sorafenib and CuB exhibited synergistic effects on cellular proliferation inhibition and cell apoptosis induction, but not on cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, combination treatment enhanced levels of cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 9, but suppressed phosphorylation of STAT3. Epidermal growth factor, a potent stimulator of signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT3), promoted cell viability and colony formation ability, whereas combination treatment exerted inhibitory effects on epidermal growth factor‐induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Finally, HepG2 xenograft mice cotreated with sorafenib and CuB exhibited reduced tumor progression without notable weight loss. In conclusion, sorafenib and CuB exert synergistic antitumor effects through a pathway that may involve STAT3 phosphorylation, and this may represent a promising therapeutic approach for treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Cancer, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Li
- Cancer Center, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Li
- Cancer Center, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Yudi Bai
- Basic School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Basic School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ri Zhao
- Scientific Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Basic School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Clinical School of Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Maolin Shi
- Clinical School of Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Cancer, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Clinical School of Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tai Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Cancer Center, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
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EGF Conjugation Improves Safety and Uptake Efficacy of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194467. [PMID: 33003324 PMCID: PMC7583956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have a strong potential for cancer therapeutic and bioimaging applications such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic diagnosis (PDD). Our previous results have shown that TiO2 NPs have a low cellular uptake and can induce cell proliferation. This suggests that TiO2 NPs could increase the risk of tumor overgrowth while being used for PDD and PDT. To solve this problem, we constructed epidermal growth factor-ligated polyethylene glycol-coated TiO2 NPs (EGF-TiO2 PEG NPs). In this work, we studied the effect of EGF conjugation on the cellular uptake of TiO2 PEG NPs. Then, we investigated the effect of both non-conjugated and EGF-TiO2 PEG NPs on the A431 epidermal cancer cell line, proliferation and growth via the investigation of EGFR localization and expression. Our results indicated that TiO2 PEG NPs induced EGFRs aggregation on the A431 cells surface and induced cell proliferation. In addition, EGF-TiO2 PEG NPs induced the internalization of EGFRs inside of cells with increased cellular NPs uptake and decreased cellular proliferation compared to TiO2 PEG NPs-treated cells. These findings suggest that EGF conjugation can increase the efficacy of TiO2 PEG NPs for biomedical applications such as PDD and PDT with decreased risk of tumor overgrowth.
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The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (MS-275) Promotes Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblast-Like Cells Independent of the MAPK Signaling System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165771. [PMID: 32796747 PMCID: PMC7460873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in dental tissue regeneration is gaining attention because DPSCs can differentiate into odontoblasts and other specialized cell types. Epigenetic modification has been found to play an important role in cell differentiation and regulation, among which histone deacetylase (HDAC) is involved in suppressing genes by removing histone acetyl groups. The use of HDAC inhibitor to control this is increasing and has been widely studied by many researchers. This study aimed to induce differentiation by causing epigenetic changes in odontoblast-related genes and the MAPK signaling pathway in human dental pulp stem cells. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining showed increased expression of DMP-1, ALP, DSPP, and RUNX2 compared to the control. However, activation of the MAPK signaling system was similar to but slightly different from the expression of odontoblast-related proteins. After 3 days, as shown by MTT and LDH assays, proliferation decreased overall, but cytotoxicity decreased at only a specific concentration. We confirmed that there was no change in mRNA expression of caspase 3 or 9 using real-time PCR. In addition, flow cytometry analysis confirmed that differentiation occurred due to the decrease in the expression of the CD73 and CD146. Although overall proliferation was reduced due to the G2/M inhibition of the cell cycle, the expression of BCL-2 protected the cells from cell death. Overall, cell proliferation decreased in response to MS-275, but it did not induce cytotoxicity in 5 nM and 10 nM concentration and induces differentiation into odontoblast-like cells.
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Ginsenoside Rh1 Alleviates HK-2 Apoptosis by Inhibiting ROS and the JNK/p53 Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3401067. [PMID: 32695207 PMCID: PMC7362279 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3401067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Cisplatin is widely used in the treatment of malignant patients; however, its adverse nephrotoxic effects limit its clinical use. Ginsenoside Rh1 is a main component of ginseng and has many pharmaceutical effects, including immunomodulatory effects. Objective The objective of this research is to assess the effects of ginsenoside Rh1 on a cisplatin-induced HK-2 injury model and to study its potential effect mechanisms. Methods HK-2 cell vitality was assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester/propidium iodide (CFSF/PI) staining was used to detect the apoptosis of HK-2 cells. ROS expression was detected by DCFDA. The expressions of JNK, p53, caspase-3, Bax, and NGAL were detected by western blot. Results Ginsenoside Rh1 was found to increase the vitality of HK-2 cells and inhibit ROS production and the apoptosis of HK-2 cells in a cisplatin-induced injury model. Ginsenoside Rh1 was found to inhibit the expression of JNK, p53, caspase-3, Bax, and NGAL in a cisplatin-induced injury model. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rh1 alleviated HK-2 apoptosis in a cisplatin-induced injury model by inhibiting ROS production and the JNK/p53 pathway. Ginsenoside Rh1 may be a promising drug for the alleviation of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in malignant patients.
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Torres-Moreno H, Marcotullio MC, Velázquez C, Ianni F, Garibay-Escobar A, Robles-Zepeda RE. Cucurbitacin IIb, a steroidal triterpene from Ibervillea sonorae induces antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on cervical and lung cancer cells. Steroids 2020; 157:108597. [PMID: 32068079 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical studies on Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene root led to isolation and chemical characterization of diverse cucurbitacin triterpenoid compounds such as kinoin A, B, C, and their glucosides. In previous studies, we demonstrated that kinoin A inhibits the cell proliferation on diverse cell line and induce apoptosis in HeLa cells. Therefore, the study of the isolated compounds from the extracts continued to be necessary. The objective of the present work was to isolate and chemically characterize the active compounds of the methanolic extract of the roots of I. sonorae and to evaluate their antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptosis. By chromatographic column separation and using NMR spectroscopy experiments, cucurbitacin IIb (CIIb), known as 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin F or hemslecin B, was isolated and identified for the first time as a chemical constituent of the crude methanolic extract of this plant. The antiproliferative activity of CIIb was evaluated by MTT assay, and the apoptosis induction capacity was monitored by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide using flow cytometry. CIIb showed a pronounced effect on the proliferation of HeLa and A549 tumor cells, with IC50 of 7.3 and 7.8 µM, respectively, but was less effective against L929 non-cancerous murine cell line. Apoptosis induction capacity of CIIb on HeLa and A549 was monitored by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide using flow cytometry. Exposure of HeLa and A549 with CIIb (8 µM) for 24 h increased 56.9 and 52.3% respectively of the total apoptosis compared to the negative control (p < 0.005). CIIb, isolated for the first time from I. sonorae, showed antiproliferative activity against HeLa and A549 cell lines by inducing cell death by apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Torres-Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico; Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Avenida Universidad e Irigoyen, Caborca, Sonora 83621, Mexico
| | - Maria Carla Marcotullio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia - Via del Liceo, 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlos Velázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico
| | - Federica Ianni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia - Via Fabretti, 48-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Adriana Garibay-Escobar
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico
| | - Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico.
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Formoso K, Susperreguy S, Freichel M, Birnbaumer L. RNA-seq analysis reveals TRPC genes to impact an unexpected number of metabolic and regulatory pathways. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7227. [PMID: 32350291 PMCID: PMC7190874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The seven-member transient receptor potential canonical genes (TRPC1-7) encode cation channels linked to several human diseases. There is little understanding of the participation of each TRPC in each pathology, considering functional redundancy. Also, most of the inhibitors available are not specific. Thus, we developed mice that lack all of the TRPCs and performed a transcriptome analysis in eight tissues. The aim of this research was to address the impact of the absence of all TRPC channels on gene expression. We obtained a total of 4305 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in at least one tissue where spleen showed the highest number of DEGs (1371). Just 21 genes were modified in all the tissues. Performing a pathway enrichment analysis, we found that many important signaling pathways were modified in more than one tissue, including PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase-B) signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and circadian rhythms. We describe for the first time the changes at the transcriptome level due to the lack of all TRPC proteins in a mouse model and provide a starting point to understand the function of TRPC channels and their possible roles in pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Formoso
- Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET). School of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, C1107AFF, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Susperreguy
- Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET). School of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, C1107AFF, Argentina
| | - Marc Freichel
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET). School of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, C1107AFF, Argentina. .,Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27709, USA.
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Wang Y, Dong B, Xue W, Feng Y, Yang C, Liu P, Cao J, Zhu C. Anticancer Effect of Radix Astragali on Cholangiocarcinoma In Vitro and Its Mechanism via Network Pharmacology. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921162. [PMID: 32246704 PMCID: PMC7154565 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study used network pharmacology method and cell model to assess the effects of Radix Astragali (RA) on cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and to predict core targets and molecular mechanisms. Material/Methods We performed an in vitro study to assess the effect of RA on CCA using CCK8 assay, the Live-Cell Analysis System, and trypan blue staining. The components and targets of RA were analyzed using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, and genes associated with CCA were retrieved from the GeneCards and OMIM platforms. Protein–protein interactions were analyzed with the STRING platform. The components–targets–disease network was built by Cytoscape. The TIMER database revealed the expression of core targets with diverse immune infiltration levels. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to identify molecular-biology processes and signaling pathways. The predictions were verified by Western blotting. Results Concentration-dependent antitumor activity was confirmed in the cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cell line treated with RA. RA contained 16 active compounds, with quercetin and kaempferol as the core compounds. The most important biotargets for RA in CCA were caspase 3, MAPK8, MYC, EGFR, and PARP. The TIMER database revealed that the expression of caspase3 and MYC was related with diverse immune infiltration levels of CCA. The results of Western blotting showed RA significantly influenced the expression of the 5 targets that network pharmacology predicted. Conclusions RA is an active medicinal material that can be developed into a safe and effective multi-targeted anticancer treatment for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Bingzi Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer Assisted Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Weijie Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yujie Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chenyu Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jingyu Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chengzhan Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).,Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer Assisted Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Valproic Acid Promotes Early Neural Differentiation in Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Protein Signalling Pathways. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030619. [PMID: 32143420 PMCID: PMC7140408 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a rapidly expanding area in research and clinical applications. Therapies involving the use of small molecule chemicals aim to simplify the creation of specific drugs for clinical applications. Adult mesenchymal stem cells have recently shown the capacity to differentiate into several cell types applicable for regenerative medicine (specifically neural cells, using chemicals). Valproic acid was an ideal candidate due to its clinical stability. It has been implicated in the induction of neural differentiation; however, the mechanism and the downstream events were not known. In this study, we showed that using valproic acid on adult mesenchymal stem cells induced neural differentiation within 24 h by upregulating the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 (SOCS5) and Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), without increasing the potential death rate of the cells. Through this, the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is downregulated, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is activated. The bioinformatics analyses revealed the expression of several neuro-specific proteins as well as a range of functional and structural proteins involved in the formation and development of the neural cells.
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Xu Z, Jiang P, He S. Identification for Exploring Underlying Pathogenesis and Therapy Strategy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9216-9226. [PMID: 31794546 PMCID: PMC6909914 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the most common cavity-associated cancers, has a high incidence and worldwide mortality. However, the cause and underlying molecular mechanisms of OSCC remain unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three microarray datasets (GSE23558, GSE34105, and GSE74530) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were downloaded and then integrated to gain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We performed Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichments of DEGs in order to elucidate DEGs' biological roles. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established in order to identify hub genes. To validate the gene markers for OSCC, the data of TCGA OSCC were also assessed. RESULTS Together, 651 DEGs containing 288 upregulated genes and 363 downregulated genes were screened out, which could completely distinguish between OSCC and normal control tissues by principal component analysis (PCA). The GO analysis indicated the DEGs were enriched in chemokine activity in the biological process group. The molecular functions of DEGs included growth factor activity. The molecular functions included oxidoreductase activity. The main DEG-associated cellular components included extracellular exosome. The KEGG pathway analysis indicated the DEGs were mainly participated in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 and glutathione metabolism signal pathway. The co-expression network identified core genes from the PPI network. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that CSF2 and EGF genes were significantly correlated with OSCC patients' overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Our study using an integrated bioinformatics analysis might provide valuable information for exploring potential new molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People Hospital of Hainan Province, Sanya, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People Hospital of Hainan Province, Sanya, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Shengteng He
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People Hospital of Hainan Province, Sanya, Hainan, China (mainland)
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Wang L, Zhu F, Yang H, Li J, Li Y, Ding X, Xiong X, Ji F, Zhou H, Yin Y. Epidermal growth factor improves intestinal morphology by stimulating proliferation and differentiation of enterocytes and mTOR signaling pathway in weaning piglets. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 63:10.1007/s11427-018-9519-6. [PMID: 31667669 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to improve piglet intestinal morphology and epithelial recovery. In an attempt to further understand the mechanisms behind these improvements, this study tested the hypothesis that dietary EGF may affect intestinal morphology by stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of enterocytes in weaning piglets. In piglets receiving 200 µg kg-1 EGF, crypt depth and villus height increased (P<0.05). Adding 400 µg kg-1 EGF increased villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (P<0.05), but reduced crypt depth (P<0.05). Dietary supplementation with 200 µg kg-1 EGF significantly increased the number of Ki67-positive cells (P<0.01) and tended to increase the mRNA level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (P<0.10). However, this supplementation decreased the expression level of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (P<0.05). Piglets fed with 400 µg kg-1 EGF had an increased mRNA level of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (P<0.05). The phosphorylation of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) was observed in the 200 µg kg-1 EGF group. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with a low level of EGF improved piglet intestinal morphology through stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of enterocytes, and the mTOR signaling pathway may partly be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
- Academician Workstation of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yali Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xueqin Ding
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Fengjie Ji
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- Academician Workstation of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Academician Workstation of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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Ou C, Liu H, Ding Z, Zhou L. Chloroquine promotes gefitinib‑induced apoptosis by inhibiting protective autophagy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4855-4866. [PMID: 31638204 PMCID: PMC6854599 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays vital roles in tumor development and progression. In the present study, ultraviolet irradiation induced the upregulation of EGFR in skin-derived keratinocytes, which may contribute to the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). This was supported by the high expression of EGFR in CSCC clinical samples. Treating A431 CSCC cells with gefitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, activated the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway while inducing protective autophagy. Combined application of chloroquine with gefitinib enhanced the treatment efficacy of gefitinib against CSCC by inhibiting autophagic flux. These findings demonstrated that autophagy inhibition may be an effective strategy for enhancing the sensitivity of EGFR-expressing cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Manipulating pro-survival autophagy by the combined application of chloroquine with gefitinib is a promising approach for improving the efficacy of EGFR inhibitors in cancer treatment. This may contribute to novel EGFR-targeted therapeutic strategies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshan Ou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Ding
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Kwon Y, Kim M, Jung HS, Kim Y, Jeoung D. Targeting Autophagy for Overcoming Resistance to Anti-EGFR Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091374. [PMID: 31527477 PMCID: PMC6769649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays critical roles in cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and anti-cancer drug resistance. Overexpression and somatic mutations of EGFR result in enhanced cancer cell survival. Therefore, EGFR can be a target for the development of anti-cancer therapy. Patients with cancers, including non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), have been shown to response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and anti-EGFR antibodies. However, resistance to these anti-EGFR treatments has developed. Autophagy has emerged as a potential mechanism involved in the acquired resistance to anti-EGFR treatments. Anti-EGFR treatments can induce autophagy and result in resistance to anti-EGFR treatments. Autophagy is a programmed catabolic process stimulated by various stimuli. It promotes cellular survival under these stress conditions. Under normal conditions, EGFR-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling inhibits autophagy while EGFR/rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling promotes autophagy. Thus, targeting autophagy may overcome resistance to anti-EGFR treatments. Inhibitors targeting autophagy and EGFR signaling have been under development. In this review, we discuss crosstalk between EGFR signaling and autophagy. We also assess whether autophagy inhibition, along with anti-EGFR treatments, might represent a promising approach to overcome resistance to anti-EGFR treatments in various cancers. In addition, we discuss new developments concerning anti-autophagy therapeutics for overcoming resistance to anti-EGFR treatments in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon 24251, Korea.
| | - Dooil Jeoung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 24341, Korea.
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Li L, Huang Y, Gao Y, Shi T, Xu Y, Li H, Hyytiäinen M, Keski-Oja J, Jiang Q, Hu Y, Du Z. EGF/EGFR upregulates and cooperates with Netrin-4 to protect glioblastoma cells from DNA damage-induced senescence. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1215. [PMID: 30514230 PMCID: PMC6280426 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant central nervous system tumor. Alkylating agent, temozolomide (TMZ), is currently the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for GBM. However, the sensitivity of GBM cells to TMZ is affected by many factors. And, several clinic trials, including co-administration of TMZ with other drugs, have failed in successful treatment of GBM. We have previously reported that Netrin-4 (NTN4), a laminin-like axon guidance protein, plays a protective role in GBM cell senescence upon TMZ-triggered DNA damage. However, the master regulator of NTN4 needs further elucidation. Epidermal growth factor/Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF/EGFR) can modulate the expression of various extracellular matrix related molecules, and prevent DNA damage in GBM cells. In this study, we investigated the relationship between EGF/EGFR signaling and NTN4, and explored their effect on therapeutic efficacy in GBM cells upon TMZ treatment. METHODS Co-expression analysis were performed by using the RNA sequencing data from NIH 934 cell lines and from single cell RNA sequencing data of GBM tumor. The co-expressing genes were used for GO enrichment and signaling pathway enrichment. mRNA expression of the target genes were quantified by qPCR, and cell senescence were investigated by Senescence-Associated Beta-Galactosidase Staining. Protein phosphorylation were observed and analyzed by immunoblotting. The RNA sequencing data and clinical information of TMZ treated patients were extracted from TCGA-glioblastoma project, and then used for Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS Analysis of RNA sequencing data revealed a potential co-expression relationship between NTN4 and EGFR. GO enrichment of EGFR-correlated genes indicated that EGFR regulates GBM cells in a manner similar to that in central nervous system development and neural cell differentiation. Pathway analysis suggested that EGFR and its related genes contribute to cell adhesion, extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and caspase related signaling. We also show that EGF stimulates NTN4 expression in GBM cells and cooperates with NTN4 to attenuate GBM cell senescence induced by DNA damage, possibly via AKT and ERK. Clinical analysis showed that co-expression of EGFR and NTN4 significantly predicts poor survival in TMZ-treated GBM patients. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that EGF/EGFR regulates and cooperates with NTN4 in DNA damage resistance in GBM. Therefore, our findings provide a potential therapeutic target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuge Gao
- Department of Oncology, the Second Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Shi
- Department of Oncology, the Second Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyun Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huini Li
- Departments of Virology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, the Haartman Institute, Translational Cancer Biology Research Program and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marko Hyytiäinen
- Departments of Virology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, the Haartman Institute, Translational Cancer Biology Research Program and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma Keski-Oja
- Departments of Virology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, the Haartman Institute, Translational Cancer Biology Research Program and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Qiuying Jiang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yizhou Hu
- Departments of Virology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, the Haartman Institute, Translational Cancer Biology Research Program and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Present address: Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Zhimin Du
- Department of pharmacy, the Second Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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Lee AMC, Bowen JM, Su YW, Plews E, Chung R, Keefe DMK, Xian CJ. Individual or combination treatments with lapatinib and paclitaxel cause potential bone loss and bone marrow adiposity in rats. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4180-4191. [PMID: 30260048 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatments with cytotoxic drugs have been shown to cause bone loss. However, effects on bone are less clear for ErbB-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors or their combination use with cytotoxic drugs. This study examined the effects of individual or combination treatments with breast cancer drugs lapatinib (a dual ErbB1/ErbB2 inhibitor) and paclitaxel (a microtubule-stabilizing cytotoxic agent) on bone and bone marrow of rats. Wistar rats received lapatinib (240 mg/kg) daily, paclitaxel (12 mg/kg) weekly, or their combination for 4 weeks, and effects on bone/bone marrow were examined at the end of week 4. Microcomputed tomographical structural analyses showed a reduction in trabecular bone volume in tibia following the lapatinib, paclitaxel or their combination treatments ( P < 0.05). Histomorphometry analyses revealed marked increases in bone marrow adipocyte contents in all treatment groups. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction gene expression studies with bone samples and cell culture studies with isolated bone marrow stromal cells showed that the all treatment groups displayed significantly reduced levels of osterix expression and osteogenic differentiation potential but increased expression levels of adipogenesis transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. In addition, these treatments suppressed the expression of Wnt10b and/or increased expression of Wnt antagonists (secreted frizzled-related protein 1, Dickkopf-related protein 1 and/or sclerostin). Furthermore, all treatment groups showed increased numbers of bone-resorbing osteoclasts on trabecular bone surfaces, although only the lapatinib group displayed increased levels of osteoclastogenic signal (receptor activator of nuclear factor κΒ ligand/osteoclastogenesis inhibitor osteoprotegrin expression ratio) in the bones. Thus, inhibiting ErbB1 and ErbB2 by lapatinib or blocking cell division by paclitaxel or their combination causes significant trabecular bone loss and bone marrow adiposity involving a switch in osteogenesis/adipogenesis potential, altered expression of some major molecules of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, and increased recruitment of bone-resorbing osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M C Lee
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, UniSA Institute for Cancer Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Joanne M Bowen
- Physiology Discipline, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yu-Wen Su
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, UniSA Institute for Cancer Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Erin Plews
- Physiology Discipline, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rosa Chung
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, UniSA Institute for Cancer Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dorothy M K Keefe
- SA Cancer Service, SA Cancer Clinical Network, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Centre of Cancer Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cory J Xian
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, UniSA Institute for Cancer Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Ishino T, Hashimoto M, Amagasa M, Saito N, Dochi O, Kirisawa R, Kitamura H. Establishment of protocol for preparation of gene-edited bovine ear-derived fibroblasts for somatic cell nuclear transplantation. Biomed Res 2018; 39:95-104. [PMID: 29669988 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.39.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, gene-editing using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technique has attempted to utilize fibroblasts of livestock animals for somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this study, we establish the procedure for preparing skin fibroblast clones whose genes were edited by the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. After isolating fibroblasts from earlobes of Japanese Black cattle, subsequent collagenase-digestion and extensive wash procedures enabled us to avoid contamination of fungi. Electroporation using NEPA21, rather than lipofection using commercially available liposome reagents, allowed us to perform more efficient transfection of plasmid constructs. Although bovine ear-derived fibroblasts were not able to proliferate in single cell cultures in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, supplementation with insulin-transferrin-selenium mixture, human recombinant epidermal growth factor, or human recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor promoted proliferation of the cells, even in a single cell culture. Taking advantage of our established protocol, we eventually obtained eight ear-derived fibroblast clones with a recessive mutation in the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase gene corrected by the CRISPR/Cas9 technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ishino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Mayuko Hashimoto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Misato Amagasa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Natsuko Saito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Osamu Dochi
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Rikio Kirisawa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
| | - Hiroshi Kitamura
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University
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Zhang Z, Zhang M, Liu H, Yin W. AZD9291 promotes autophagy and inhibits PI3K/Akt pathway in NSCLC cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:756-767. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College Bengbu Anhui China
| | - Mengxiao Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College Bengbu Anhui China
| | - Hao Liu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College Bengbu Anhui China
| | - Wu Yin
- The State Key Lab of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing China
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Kang DY, Sp N, Kim DH, Joung YH, Lee HG, Park YM, Yang YM. Salidroside inhibits migration, invasion and angiogenesis of MDA‑MB 231 TNBC cells by regulating EGFR/Jak2/STAT3 signaling via MMP2. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:877-885. [PMID: 29901185 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The major hallmarks of tumor progression are angiogenesis, migration and metastasis. Among the components of Rhodiola rosea, salidroside (p‑hydroxyphenethyl-β‑d-glucoside) is one of the most potent, and is present in all Rhodiola species. Recent data have revealed the anticancer effects of salidroside; however, the mechanism underlying its ability to inhibit tumor angiogenesis remains unknown. The present study aimed to analyze how salidroside affects major factors involved in breast cancer, and to elucidate its ability to inhibit angiogenesis and invasion. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a marker for tumor angiogenesis and migration, which interacts with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Specifically, MMPs act as a downstream target for STAT3. Using western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, the present study demonstrated that treatment of MDA‑MB 231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells with salidroside led to inhibition of invasion and migration markers, and of STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, in vitro angiogenesis analyses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells confirmed the anti-angiogenic activity of salidroside. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay also demonstrated that salidroside may inhibit the DNA-binding activity of STAT3, preventing STAT3 from binding to a novel binding site of the MMP2 gene promoter. In conclusion, the present results demonstrated that salidroside may downregulate the STAT3 signaling pathway, and inhibit cell viability, migration and invasion through MMPs in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Young Kang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Nipin Sp
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Doh Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Hee Joung
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Gun Lee
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Immunology, Lab of Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Regulation, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mok Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungcheongbuk 27478, Republic of Korea
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Her2 Ile655 Val polymorphism and its association with breast cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis of case-control studies. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7427. [PMID: 29743533 PMCID: PMC5943262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25769-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common types of cancer in women worldwide. Several factors including genetic and environmental have been linked with susceptibility to development of BC. Her2 is a transmembrane protein with tyrosine kinase activity, overexpressed in several cancers including BC. Various studies in different populations have shown association of Her2 variants with susceptibility to BC, however these results were inconsistent, inconclusive and controversial. To obtain a common conclusive finding, we performed meta-analysis of 35 case-control studies reported earlier including 19, 220 cases and 22, 306 controls. We observed significant association of Her2Ile655Val polymorphism with susceptibility to development of breast cancer (Overall allele Val vs Ile: OR = 1.130, 95% CI = 1.051–1.216, p = 0.001; Ile-Val vs Ile-Ile: OR = 1.100, 95% CI = 1.016–1.192, p = 0.019; Val-Val+Ile-Val vs Ile-Ile: OR = 1.127, 95% CI = 1.038–1.223, p = 0.004). Subgroup analysis indicated a significant association with susceptibility to breast cancer in African and Asian populations. However, such association was not observed in other ethnic groups. Our findings suggested that Her2Ile655Val polymorphism is associated with breast cancer risk in overall, Asian and African populations, and can be used as diagnostic marker for BC.
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Wang D, Uhrin P, Mocan A, Waltenberger B, Breuss JM, Tewari D, Mihaly-Bison J, Huminiecki Ł, Starzyński RR, Tzvetkov NT, Horbańczuk J, Atanasov AG. Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation as a therapeutic target. Part 1: molecular targets and pathways. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1586-1607. [PMID: 29684502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of human death worldwide. Excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells contributes to the etiology of such diseases, including atherosclerosis, restenosis, and pulmonary hypertension. The control of vascular cell proliferation is complex and encompasses interactions of many regulatory molecules and signaling pathways. Herein, we recapitulated the importance of signaling cascades relevant for the regulation of vascular cell proliferation. Detailed understanding of the mechanism underlying this process is essential for the identification of new lead compounds (e.g., natural products) for vascular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 14, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Gheorghe Marinescu 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes M Breuss
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal, 263136 Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Judit Mihaly-Bison
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Łukasz Huminiecki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Rafał R Starzyński
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany; NTZ Lab Ltd., Krasno Selo 198, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jarosław Horbańczuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Epidermal Growth Factor, through Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Protect IPEC-J2 Cells from Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29538305 PMCID: PMC5877709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been widely used for protection of stress-induced intestinal mucosa dysfunction. However, whether EGF would alleviate oxidative injury and reduce apoptosis in porcine intestine is not yet known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EGF on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced induction of oxidative stress and ensuing apoptosis in the porcine intestinal epithelial cell line, IPEC-J2. The present study showed that EGF significantly increased cell viability and decreased the LPS-induced induction of apoptosis, dehydrogenase (LDH) release and malonaldehyde (MDA) production. EGF also (i) decreased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes Fas, Bax, Cascase-3, Cascase-8, Cascase-9, and proteins such as P53, Fas, Bax, Caspase3; (ii) increased antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) expression; (iii) increased mRNA levels of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) related genes Nrf2, manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), heme oxygenase (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1); (iv) protein level of Nrf2-realeted proteins Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1; and (v) total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), CAT, SOD, GSH-Px concentrations. Collectively, our results indicated that EGF enhanced Nrf2 protein expression, and upregulated the expression of phase II metabolizing enzymes (such as HO-1 and NQO1) and antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT and GSH-Px) to alleviate oxidative injury, and then protect IPEC-J2 cells from apoptosis induced by LPS.
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Koeppen M, Lee JW, Seo SW, Brodsky KS, Kreth S, Yang IV, Buttrick PM, Eckle T, Eltzschig HK. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha-dependent induction of amphiregulin dampens myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nat Commun 2018; 9:816. [PMID: 29483579 PMCID: PMC5827027 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) leads to the stabilization of the transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha) and hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha (HIF2-alpha). While previous studies implicate HIF1-alpha in cardioprotection, the role of HIF2-alpha remains elusive. Here we show that HIF2-alpha induces the epithelial growth factor amphiregulin (AREG) to elicit cardioprotection in myocardial IRI. Comparing mice with inducible deletion of Hif1a or Hif2a in cardiac myocytes, we show that loss of Hif2-alpha increases infarct sizes. Microarray studies in genetic models or cultured human cardiac myocytes implicate HIF2-alpha in the myocardial induction of AREG. Likewise, AREG increases in myocardial tissues from patients with ischemic heart disease. Areg deficiency increases myocardial IRI, as does pharmacologic inhibition of Areg signaling. In contrast, treatment with recombinant Areg provides cardioprotection and reconstitutes mice with Hif2a deletion. These studies indicate that HIF2-alpha induces myocardial AREG expression in cardiac myocytes, which increases myocardial ischemia tolerance. Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury stabilizes the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2-alpha. Here, the authors show that HIF2-alpha protects the heart from injury via induction of the epidermal growth factor amphiregulin, and that amphiregulin administration is cardioprotective in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Koeppen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. .,Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Muenchen, Germany.
| | - Jae W Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kelley S Brodsky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Simone Kreth
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Muenchen, Germany
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Division of Pulmonary Science and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Peter M Buttrick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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Kaemmerer E, Turner D, Peters AA, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. An automated epifluorescence microscopy imaging assay for the identification of phospho-AKT level modulators in breast cancer cells. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 92:13-19. [PMID: 29438745 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AKT is an enzyme of the PI3K/pAKT pathway, regulating proliferation and cell survival. High basal levels of active, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) are associated with tumor progression and therapeutic resistance in some breast cancer subtypes, including HER2 positive breast cancers. Various stimuli can increase pAKT levels and elevated basal pAKT levels are a feature of PTEN-deficient breast cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to develop an assay able to identify modulators of pAKT levels using an automated epifluorescence microscope and high content analysis. To develop this assay, we used HCC-1569, a PTEN-deficient, HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell line with elevated basal pAKT levels. HCC-1569 cells were treated with a selective pharmacological inhibitor of AKT (MK-2206) to reduce basal pAKT levels or EGF to increase pAKT levels. Immunofluorescence images were acquired using an automated epifluorescence microscope and integrated intensity of cytoplasmic pAKT staining was calculated using high content analysis software. Mean and median integrated cytoplasmic intensity were normalized using fold change and standard score to assess assay quality and to identify most robust data analysis. The highest z' factor was achieved for median data normalization using the standard score method (z' = 0.45). Using our developed assay we identified the calcium homeostasis regulating proteins TPRV6, STIM1 and TRPC1 as modulators of pAKT levels in HCC-1569 cells. Calcium signaling controls a diverse array of cellular processes and some calcium homeostasis regulating proteins are involved in modulating pAKT levels in cancer cells. Thus, these identified hits present promising targets for further assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Kaemmerer
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Dane Turner
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Amelia A Peters
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | | | - Gregory R Monteith
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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