1
|
Calcium/Calmodulin-Stimulated Protein Kinase II (CaMKII): Different Functional Outcomes from Activation, Depending on the Cellular Microenvironment. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030401. [PMID: 36766743 PMCID: PMC9913510 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a family of broad substrate specificity serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr) protein kinases widely expressed in many tissues that is capable of mediating diverse functional responses depending on its cellular and molecular microenvironment. This review briefly summarises current knowledge on the structure and regulation of CaMKII and focuses on how the molecular environment, and interaction with binding partner proteins, can produce different populations of CaMKII in different cells, or in different subcellular locations within the same cell, and how these different populations of CaMKII can produce diverse functional responses to activation following an increase in intracellular calcium concentration. This review also explores the possibility that identifying and characterising the molecular interactions responsible for the molecular targeting of CaMKII in different cells in vivo, and identifying the sites on CaMKII and/or the binding proteins through which these interactions occur, could lead to the development of highly selective inhibitors of specific CaMKII-mediated functional responses in specific cells that would not affect CaMKII-mediated responses in other cells. This may result in the development of new pharmacological agents with therapeutic potential for many clinical conditions.
Collapse
|
2
|
Bredow M, Monaghan J. Cross-kingdom regulation of calcium- and/or calmodulin-dependent protein kinases by phospho-switches that relieve autoinhibition. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 68:102251. [PMID: 35767936 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms to sense and respond to calcium have evolved in all organisms. Calmodulin is a universal calcium sensor across eukaryotes that directly binds calcium and associates with many downstream signal transducers including protein kinases. All eukaryotes encode calcium-dependent and/or calmodulin-dependent kinases, however there are distinct protein families across kingdoms. Here, we compare the activation mechanisms of calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs), calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CCaMKs) and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), noting striking similarities regarding phosphorylation in a regulatory segment known as the autoinhibitory junction. We thus propose that conserved regulation by phosphorylation underlies the activation of calcium-responsive proteins from different kingdoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bredow
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames IA, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ventura E, Iannuzzi CA, Pentimalli F, Giordano A, Morrione A. RBL1/p107 Expression Levels Are Modulated by Multiple Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13195025. [PMID: 34638509 PMCID: PMC8507926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family, RB1/p105, retinoblastoma-like (RBL)1/p107 and RBL2/p130 are critical modulators of the cell cycle and their dysregulation has been associated with tumor initiation and progression. The activity of RB proteins is regulated by numerous pathways including oncogenic signaling, but the molecular mechanisms of these functional interactions are not fully defined. We previously demonstrated that RBL2/p130 is a direct target of AKT and it is a key mediator of the apoptotic process induced by AKT inhibition. Here we demonstrated that RBL1/p107 levels are only minorly modulated by the AKT signaling pathway. In contrast, we discovered that RBL1/p107 levels are regulated by multiple pathways linked directly or indirectly to Ca2+-dependent signaling. Inhibition of the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) significantly reduced RBL1/p107 expression levels and phosphorylation, increased RBL1/p107 nuclear localization and led to cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. Targeting the Ca2+-dependent endopeptidase calpain stabilized RBL1/p107 levels and counteracted the reduction of RBL1/p107 levels associated with CaMKs inhibition. Thus, these novel observations suggest a complex regulation of RBL1/p107 expression involving different components of signaling pathways controlled by Ca2+ levels, including CaMKs and calpain, pointing out a significant difference with the mechanisms modulating the close family member RBL2/p130.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ventura
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Carmelina Antonella Iannuzzi
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.A.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; (E.V.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +215-204-2450
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Birgersson M, Chi M, Miller C, Brzozowski JS, Brown J, Schofield L, Taylor OG, Pearsall EA, Hewitt J, Gedye C, Lincz LF, Skelding KA. A Novel Role for Brain and Acute Leukemia Cytoplasmic (BAALC) in Human Breast Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:656120. [PMID: 33968759 PMCID: PMC8101327 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.656120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain and Acute Leukemia, Cytoplasmic (BAALC) is a protein that controls leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival and is overexpressed in several cancer types. The gene is located in the chromosomal region 8q22.3, an area commonly amplified in breast cancer and associated with poor prognosis. However, the expression and potential role of BAALC in breast cancer has not widely been examined. This study investigates BAALC expression in human breast cancers with the aim of determining if it plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. BAALC protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in breast cancer, and matched lymph node and normal breast tissue samples. The effect of gene expression on overall survival (OS), disease-free and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) was assessed in silico using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter (n=3,935), the TCGA invasive breast carcinoma (n=960) and GOBO (n=821) data sets. Functional effects of BAALC expression on breast cancer proliferation, migration and invasion were determined in vitro. We demonstrate herein that BAALC expression is progressively increased in primary and breast cancer metastases when compared to normal breast tissue. Increased BAALC mRNA is associated with a reduction in DMFS and disease-free survival, but not OS, in breast cancer patients, even when corrected for tumor grade. We show that overexpression of BAALC in MCF-7 breast cancer cells increases the proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, invasion, and migration capacity of these cells. Conversely, siRNA knockdown of BAALC expression in Hs578T breast cancer cells decreases proliferation, invasion and migration. We identify that this BAALC associated migration and invasion is mediated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-dependent signaling and is accompanied by an increase in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 but not MMP-2 activity in vitro. Our data demonstrate a novel function for BAALC in the control of breast cancer metastasis, offering a potential target for the generation of anti-cancer drugs to prevent breast cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Birgersson
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Karolinska Intitutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mengna Chi
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Chrissy Miller
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua S Brzozowski
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Brown
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Lachlan Schofield
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivia G Taylor
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Pearsall
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Jasmine Hewitt
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Craig Gedye
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa F Lincz
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Hematology Research Group, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Skelding
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance and Cancer Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Regulation of Multifunctional Calcium/Calmodulin Stimulated Protein Kinases by Molecular Targeting. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:649-679. [PMID: 31646529 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases control a broad range of cellular functions in a multitude of cell types. This family of kinases contain several structural similarities and all are regulated by phosphorylation, which either activates, inhibits or modulates their kinase activity. As these protein kinases are widely or ubiquitously expressed, and yet regulate a broad range of different cellular functions, additional levels of regulation exist that control these cell-specific functions. Of particular importance for this specificity of function for multifunctional kinases is the expression of specific binding proteins that mediate molecular targeting. These molecular targeting mechanisms allow pools of kinase in different cells, or parts of a cell, to respond differently to activation and produce different functional outcomes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Dunkley PR, Dickson PW. Tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation
in vivo. J Neurochem 2019; 149:706-728. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Dunkley
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and The Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW Australia
| | - Phillip W. Dickson
- The School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and The Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle University Drive Callaghan NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brzozowski JS, Skelding KA. The Multi-Functional Calcium/Calmodulin Stimulated Protein Kinase (CaMK) Family: Emerging Targets for Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Intervention. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010008. [PMID: 30621060 PMCID: PMC6469190 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of Ca2+ signalling in key events of cancer cell function and tumour progression, such as proliferation, migration, invasion and survival, has recently begun to be appreciated. Many cellular Ca2+-stimulated signalling cascades utilise the intermediate, calmodulin (CaM). The Ca2+/CaM complex binds and activates a variety of enzymes, including members of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase (CaMK) family. These enzymes control a broad range of cancer-related functions in a multitude of tumour types. Herein, we explore the cancer-related functions of these kinases and discuss their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Brzozowski
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Kathryn A Skelding
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baucum AJ. Proteomic Analysis of Postsynaptic Protein Complexes Underlying Neuronal Plasticity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:689-701. [PMID: 28211672 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal neuronal communication and synaptic plasticity at glutamatergic synapses requires dynamic regulation of postsynaptic molecules. Protein expression and protein post-translational modifications regulate protein interactions that underlie this organization. In this Review, we highlight data obtained over the last 20 years that have used qualitative and quantitative proteomics-based approaches to identify postsynaptic protein complexes. Herein, we describe how these proteomics studies have helped lay the foundation for understanding synaptic physiology and perturbations in synaptic signaling observed in different pathologies. We also describe emerging technologies that can be useful in these analyses. We focus on protein complexes associated with the highly abundant and functionally critical proteins: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, the N-methyl-d-aspartate, and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid glutamate receptors, and postsynaptic density protein of 95 kDa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Baucum
- Department of Biology, Stark Neurosciences
Research Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rostas JA, Hoffman A, Murtha LA, Pepperall D, McLeod DD, Dickson PW, Spratt NJ, Skelding KA. Ischaemia- and excitotoxicity-induced CaMKII-Mediated neuronal cell death: The relative roles of CaMKII autophosphorylation at T286 and T253. Neurochem Int 2017; 104:6-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
10
|
The role of Ca 2+-calmodulin stimulated protein kinase II in ischaemic stroke - A potential target for neuroprotective therapies. Neurochem Int 2017; 107:33-42. [PMID: 28153786 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Studies in multiple experimental systems show that Ca2+-calmodulin stimulated protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a major mediator of ischaemia-induced cell death and suggest that CaMKII would be a good target for neuroprotective therapies in acute treatment of stroke. However, as CaMKII regulates many cellular processes in many tissues any clinical treatment involving the inhibition of CaMKII would need to be able to specifically target the functions of ischaemia-activated CaMKII. In this review we summarise new developments in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in ischaemia-induced CaMKII-mediated cell death that have identified ways in which such specificity of CaMKII inhibition after stroke could be achieved. We also review the mechanisms and phases of tissue damage in ischaemic stroke to identify where and when CaMKII-mediated mechanisms may be involved.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chi M, Evans H, Gilchrist J, Mayhew J, Hoffman A, Pearsall EA, Jankowski H, Brzozowski JS, Skelding KA. Phosphorylation of calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase II at T286 enhances invasion and migration of human breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33132. [PMID: 27605043 PMCID: PMC5015093 DOI: 10.1038/srep33132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a multi-functional kinase that controls a range of cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The biological properties of CaMKII are regulated by multi-site phosphorylation. However, the role that CaMKII phosphorylation plays in cancer cell metastasis has not been examined. We demonstrate herein that CaMKII expression and phosphorylation at T286 is increased in breast cancer when compared to normal breast tissue, and that increased CAMK2 mRNA is associated with poor breast cancer patient prognosis (worse overall and distant metastasis free survival). Additionally, we show that overexpression of WT, T286D and T286V forms of CaMKII in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells increases invasion, migration and anchorage independent growth, and that overexpression of the T286D phosphomimic leads to a further increase in the invasive, migratory and anchorage independent growth capacity of these cells. Pharmacological inhibition of CaMKII decreases MDA-MB-231 migration and invasion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that overexpression of T286D, but not WT or T286V-CaMKII, leads to phosphorylation of FAK, STAT5a, and Akt. These results demonstrate a novel function for phosphorylation of CaMKII at T286 in the control of breast cancer metastasis, offering a promising target for the development of therapeutics to prevent breast cancer metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Chi
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hamish Evans
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jackson Gilchrist
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jack Mayhew
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander Hoffman
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Ann Pearsall
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Jankowski
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joshua Stephen Brzozowski
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn Anne Skelding
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bell JR, Raaijmakers AJA, Janssens JV, Delbridge LMD. CaMKIIδand cardiomyocyte Ca2+signalling new perspectives on splice variant targeting. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:1327-32. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James R Bell
- Department of Physiology; University of Melbourne; Victoria Australia
| | | | | | - Lea MD Delbridge
- Department of Physiology; University of Melbourne; Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Baucum AJ, Shonesy BC, Rose KL, Colbran RJ. Quantitative proteomics analysis of CaMKII phosphorylation and the CaMKII interactome in the mouse forebrain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:615-31. [PMID: 25650780 PMCID: PMC4609176 DOI: 10.1021/cn500337u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) autophosphorylation at Thr286 and Thr305/Thr306 regulates kinase activity and modulates subcellular targeting and is critical for normal synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. Here, a mass spectrometry-based approach was used to identify Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent in vitro autophosphorylation sites in recombinant CaMKIIα and CaMKIIβ. CaMKII holoenzymes were then immunoprecipitated from subcellular fractions of forebrains isolated from either wild-type (WT) mice or mice with a Thr286 to Ala knock-in mutation of CaMKIIα (T286A-KI mice) and analyzed using the same approach in order to characterize in vivo phosphorylation sites in both CaMKII isoforms and identify CaMKII-associated proteins (CaMKAPs). A total of six and seven autophosphorylation sites in CaMKIIα and CaMKIIβ, respectively, were detected in WT mice. Thr286-phosphorylated CaMKIIα and Thr287-phosphorylated CaMKIIβ were selectively enriched in WT Triton-insoluble (synaptic) fractions compared to Triton-soluble (membrane) and cytosolic fractions. In contrast, Thr306-phosphorylated CaMKIIα and Ser315- and Thr320/Thr321-phosphorylated CaMKIIβ were selectively enriched in WT cytosolic fractions. The T286A-KI mutation significantly reduced levels of phosphorylation of CaMKIIα at Ser275 across all subcellular fractions and of cytosolic CaMKIIβ at Ser315 and Thr320/Thr321. Significantly more CaMKAPs coprecipitated with WT CaMKII holoenzymes in the synaptic fraction compared to that in the membrane fraction, with functions including scaffolding, microtubule organization, actin organization, ribosomal function, vesicle trafficking, and others. The T286A-KI mutation altered the interactions of multiple CaMKAPs with CaMKII, including several proteins linked to autism spectrum disorders. These data identify CaMKII isoform phosphorylation sites and a network of synaptic protein interactions that are sensitive to the abrogation of Thr286 autophosphorylation of CaMKIIα, likely contributing to the diverse synaptic and behavioral deficits of T286A-KI mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Baucum
- ⊥Department of Biology and Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Domínguez-Alonso A, Valdés-Tovar M, Solís-Chagoyán H, Benítez-King G. Melatonin stimulates dendrite formation and complexity in the hilar zone of the rat hippocampus: participation of the Ca++/Calmodulin complex. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:1907-27. [PMID: 25603176 PMCID: PMC4307341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MEL), the main product synthesized by the pineal gland, stimulates early and late stages of neurodevelopment in the adult brain. MEL increases dendrite length, thickness and complexity in the hilar and mossy neurons of hippocampus. Dendrite formation involves activation of Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) by CaM. Previous work showed that MEL increased the synthesis and translocation of CaM, suggesting that MEL activates CaM-dependent enzymes by this pathway. In this work we investigated whether MEL stimulates dendrite formation by CaMKII activation in organotypic cultures from adult rat hippocampus. We found that the CaMKII inhibitor, KN-62, abolished the MEL stimulatory effects on dendritogenesis and that MEL increased the relative amount of CaM in the soluble fraction of hippocampal slices. Also, PKC inhibition abolished dendritogenesis, while luzindole, an antagonist of MEL receptors (MT1/2), partially blocked the effects of MEL. Moreover, autophosphorylation of CaMKII and PKC was increased in presence of MEL, as well as phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Our results indicate that MEL stimulates dendrite formation through CaMKII and the translocation of CaM to the soluble fraction. Dendritogenesis elicited by MEL also required PKC activation, and signaling through MT1/2 receptors was partially involved. Data strongly suggest that MEL could repair the loss of hippocampal dendrites that occur in neuropsychiatric disorders by increasing CaM levels and activation of CaMKII.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Domínguez-Alonso
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, CP 14370 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Valdés-Tovar
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, CP 14370 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
| | - Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, CP 14370 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
| | - Gloria Benítez-King
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, CP 14370 Tlalpan, DF, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hoffman A, Carpenter H, Kahl R, Watt LF, Dickson PW, Rostas JAP, Verrills NM, Skelding KA. Dephosphorylation of CaMKII at T253 controls the metaphase-anaphase transition. Cell Signal 2014; 26:748-56. [PMID: 24407174 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a multi-functional serine/threonine protein kinase that controls a range of cellular functions, including proliferation. The biological properties of CaMKII are regulated by multi-site phosphorylation and targeting via interactions with specific proteins. To investigate the role specific CaMKII phosphorylation sites play in controlling cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, we examined phosphorylation of CaMKII at two sites (T253 and T286) at various stages of the cell cycle, and also examined the effects of overexpression of wild-type (WT), T286D phosphomimic, T253D phosphomimic and T253V phosphonull forms of CaMKIIα in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells on cellular proliferation and cell cycle progression. We demonstrate herein that whilst there is no change in total CaMKII expression or T286 phosphorylation throughout the cell cycle, a marked dephosphorylation of CaMKII at T253 occurs during the G2 and/or M phases. Additionally, we show by molecular inhibition, as well as pharmacological activation, that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is the phosphatase responsible for this dephosphorylation. Furthermore, we show that inducible overexpression of WT, T286D and T253V forms of CaMKIIα in MDA-MB-231 and SHSY5Y cells increases cellular proliferation, with no alteration in cell cycle profiles. By contrast, overexpression of a T253D phosphomimic form of CaMKIIα significantly decreases proliferation, and cells accumulate in mitosis, specifically in metaphase. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the dephosphorylation of CaMKII at T253 is involved in controlling the cell cycle, specifically the metaphase-anaphase transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hoffman
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Carpenter
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Kahl
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lauren F Watt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phillip W Dickson
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John A P Rostas
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole M Verrills
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Skelding
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ma C, Tang K, Liu Q, Zhu R, Cao Z. Calmodulin as a potential target by which berberine induces cell cycle arrest in human hepatoma Bel7402 cells. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 81:775-83. [PMID: 23421648 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid that has drawn extensive attention because it possesses various biological activities. Several mechanisms have been proposed to interpret the anticancer activity of berberine. However, these explanations are mostly based on its downstream-regulated genes or proteins; information on the direct target proteins that mediate the antiproliferative action of berberine remains unclear. In this study, a computational pipeline based on a ligand-protein inverse docking program and mining of the 'Connectivity MAP' data was adopted to explore the potential target proteins for berberine. The results showed that four proteins, that is calmodulin, cytochrome P450 3A4, sex hormone-binding globulin, and carbonic anhydrase II, were suggested to be the potential targets of berberine. The anticalmodulin property of berberine was demonstrated with an in vitro phosphodiesterase activity assay. Flow cytometric analysis found that G1 cell cycle arrest induced by berberine in Bel7402 cells was enhanced by cotreatment with calmodulin inhibitors. Western blotting results indicated that berberine treatment decreased phosphorylation of calmodulin kinase II and blocked subsequent MEK1 activation as well as p27 protein degradation. These results suggested that calmodulin might play crucial roles in berberine-induced cell cycle arrest in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Skelding KA, Spratt NJ, Fluechter L, Dickson PW, Rostas JAP. αCaMKII is differentially regulated in brain regions that exhibit differing sensitivities to ischemia and excitotoxicity. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2012; 32:2181-92. [PMID: 22929440 PMCID: PMC3519412 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2012.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Different brain regions exhibit differing sensitivities to ischemia/excitotoxicity. Whether these differences are due to perfusion or intrinsic factors has not been established. Herein, we found no apparent association between sensitivity to ischemia/excitotoxicity and the level of expression or basal phosphorylation of calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase II (αCaMKII) or glutamate receptors. However, we demonstrated significant differences in CaMKII-mediated responses after ischemia/excitotoxic stimulation in striatum and cortex. In vivo ischemia and in vitro excitotoxic stimulation produced more rapid phosphorylation of Thr253-αCaMKII in striatum compared with cortex, but equal rates of Thr286-αCaMKII phosphorylation. Phosphorylation by CaMKII of Ser831-GluA1 and Ser1303-GluN2B occurred more rapidly in striatum than in cortex after either stimulus. The differences between brain regions in CaMKII activation and its effects were not accounted for by differences in the expression of αCaMKII, glutamate receptors, or density of synapses. These results implicate intrinsic tissue differences in Thr253-αCaMKII phosphorylation in the differential sensitivities of brain regions to ischemia/excitotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Skelding
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and The Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lisman J, Yasuda R, Raghavachari S. Mechanisms of CaMKII action in long-term potentiation. Nat Rev Neurosci 2012; 13:169-82. [PMID: 22334212 DOI: 10.1038/nrn3192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 793] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength occurs during learning and can last for long periods, making it a probable mechanism for memory storage. LTP induction results in calcium entry, which activates calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). CaMKII subsequently translocates to the synapse, where it binds to NMDA-type glutamate receptors and produces potentiation by phosphorylating principal and auxiliary subunits of AMPA-type glutamate receptors. These processes are all localized to stimulated spines and account for the synapse-specificity of LTP. In the later stages of LTP, CaMKII has a structural role in enlarging and strengthening the synapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Lisman
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Skelding KA, Rostas JAP. The role of molecular regulation and targeting in regulating calcium/calmodulin stimulated protein kinases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 740:703-30. [PMID: 22453966 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases can be classified as one of two types - restricted or multifunctional. This family of kinases contains several structural similarities: all possess a calmodulin binding motif and an autoinhibitory region. In addition, all of the calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases examined in this chapter are regulated by phosphorylation, which either activates or inhibits their kinase activity. However, as the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases are ubiquitously expressed, yet regulate a broad range of cellular functions, additional levels of regulation that control these cell-specific functions must exist. These additional layers of control include gene expression, signaling pathways, and expression of binding proteins and molecular targeting. All of the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases examined in this chapter appear to be regulated by these additional layers of control, however, this does not appear to be the case for the restricted kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Skelding
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Two candidates at the heart of dysfunction: The ryanodine receptor and calcium/calmodulin protein kinase II as potential targets for therapeutic intervention—An in vivo perspective. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 131:204-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|