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Huo Y, Li X, Sun C, Pan Z, Li Q, Du X. From stability to reliability: Unveiling the un-biased reference genes in porcine ovarian granulosa cells under different conditions. Gene 2024; 897:148089. [PMID: 38123003 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Selection of optimal reference genes (RGs) is fundamental for functional genomics studies and gene expression analysis, which are two main approaches to identify functional genes and their expression patterns. However, no systematic study has identified the suitable RGs in porcine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) which are essential for follicle fate and sow fertility. In this study, the expression profiles of 12 widely-used RGs (GAPDH, RPLP0, ACTB, TUBA1B, EIF3K, PPIA, ATP5F1, B2M, HPRT1, UBC, RPS3, and EEF1A1) in porcine GCs during follicular development and under different abiotic stresses were systematically investigated. Expression stability of the candidate RGs were comprehensively accessed by five statistical algorithms including ΔCt, NormFinder, BestKeeper, geNorm, and RefFinder, indicating that RPS3 and PPIA are the optimal RGs during follicular development, EEF1A1 and RPLP0 are most stable under oxidative stress and inflammation, while ATP5F1, B2M, and RPS3 have higher stability under starvation and heat stress. Notably, the most commonly used RGs (ACTB, GAPDH, and TUBA1B) exhibited low stability in GCs. Reliability of stable RGs was verified by RT-qPCR and showed that selection of the stable RGs significantly improved the detection accuracy of qPCR, which confirms once again that the stability of RGs should not be taken for granted. Our findings identified optimal RG sets in porcine GCs under different conditions, which is helpful in future studies to accurately identify the key regulators and their expression patterns during follicular development in sows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangan Huo
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Qifa Li
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xing Du
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
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Roach CM, Mayorga EJ, Baumgard LH, Ross JW, Keating AF. Heat stress alters the ovarian proteome in prepubertal gilts. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae053. [PMID: 38605681 PMCID: PMC11025630 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) occurs when exogenous and metabolic heat accumulation exceeds heat dissipation; a thermal imbalance that compromises female reproduction. This study investigated the hypothesis that HS alters the ovarian proteome and negatively impacts proteins engaged with insulin signaling, inflammation, and ovarian function. Prepubertal gilts (n = 19) were assigned to one of three environmental groups: thermal neutral with ad libitum feed intake (TN; n = 6), thermal neutral pair-fed (PF; n = 6), or HS (n = 7). For 7 d, HS gilts were exposed to 12-h cyclic temperatures of 35.0 ± 0.2 °C and 32.2 ± 0.1 °C, while TN and PF gilts were housed at 21.0 ± 0.1 °C. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed on ovarian protein homogenates. Relative to TN gilts, 178 proteins were altered (P ≤ 0.05, log2foldchange ≥ 1) by HS, with 76 increased and 102 decreased. STRING gene ontology classified and identified 45 biological processes including those associated with chaperone protein refolding, cytoplasmic translational initiation, and immune activation; with a protein-protein interaction web network of 158 nodes and 563 edges connected based on protein function (FDR ≤ 0.05). Relative to PF, HS altered 330 proteins (P ≤ 0.05, log2foldchange ≥ 1), with 151 increased and 179 decreased. Fifty-seven biological pathways associated with protein function and assembly, RNA processing, and metabolic processes were identified, with a protein-protein interaction network of 303 nodes and 1,606 edges. Comparing HS with both the TN and PF treatments, 72 ovarian proteins were consistently altered by HS with 68 nodes and 104 edges, with biological pathways associated with translation and gene expression. This indicates that HS alters the ovarian proteome and multiple biological pathways and systems in prepubertal gilts; changes that potentially contribute to female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal M Roach
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Edith J Mayorga
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Lance H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jason W Ross
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Aileen F Keating
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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3
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Shen J, Zhao W, Cheng J, Cheng J, Zhao L, Dai C, Fu Y, Li B, Chen Z, Shi D, Li H, Deng Y. Lipopolysaccharide accelerates tryptophan degradation in the ovary and the derivative kynurenine disturbs hormone biosynthesis and reproductive performance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131988. [PMID: 37418963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, is a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. LPS is released into the surrounding environment during bacterial death and lysis. Due to its chemical and thermal stability, LPS can be detected anywhere and easily exposed to humans and animals. Previous studies have shown that LPS causes hormonal imbalances, ovarian failure, and infertility in mammals. However, the potential mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of LPS on tryptophan degradation, both in vivo and in vitro. The effects of kynurenine, a tryptophan derivative, on granulosa cell function and reproductive performance were explored. Results showed that p38, NF-κB, and JNK signaling pathways were involved in LPS-induced Ido1 expressions and kynurenine accumulation. Furthermore, the kynurenine decreased estradiol production, but increased granulosa cell proliferation. In vivo, experiments showed that kynurenine decreased estradiol and FSH production and inhibited ovulation and corpus luteum formation. Additionally, pregnancy and offspring survival rates decreased considerably after kynurenine treatment. Our findings suggest that kynurenine accumulation disrupts hormone secretion, ovulation, corpus luteal formation, and reproductive performance in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weimin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Juanru Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jinhua Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chaohui Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yanfeng Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bixia Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Yanfei Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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4
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PPARβ/δ Ligands Regulate Oxidative Status and Inflammatory Response in Inflamed Corpus Luteum-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054993. [PMID: 36902426 PMCID: PMC10003567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation in the female reproductive system causes serious health problems including infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/delta (PPARβ/δ) ligands on the transcriptomic profile of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated pig corpus luteum (CL) in the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle using RNA-seq technology. The CL slices were incubated in the presence of LPS or in combination with LPS and the PPARβ/δ agonist-GW0724 (1 μmol/L or 10 μmol/L) or the antagonist-GSK3787 (25 μmol/L). We identified 117 differentially expressed genes after treatment with LPS; 102 and 97 differentially expressed genes after treatment, respectively, with the PPARβ/δ agonist at a concentration of 1 μmol/L or 10 μmol/L, as well as 88 after the treatment with the PPARβ/δ antagonist. In addition, biochemical analyses of oxidative status were performed (total antioxidant capacity and activity of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase). This study revealed that PPARβ/δ agonists regulate genes involved in the inflammatory response in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicate that the lower dose of GW0724 showed an anti-inflammatory character, while the higher dose seems to be pro-inflammatory. We propose that GW0724 should be considered for further research to alleviate chronic inflammation (at the lower dose) or to support the natural immune response against pathogens (at the higher dose) in the inflamed corpus luteum.
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Wang W, Guan J, Feng Y, Liu S, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Xu H, Fu F. Polystyrene Microplastics Induced Ovarian Toxicity in Juvenile Rats Associated with Oxidative Stress and Activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP Signaling Pathway. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11030225. [PMID: 36976990 PMCID: PMC10057489 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Numerous reports confirm that microplastics exposure could induce reproductive toxicity in mammals. However, the effects of microplastics exposure during juveniles on ovarian apoptosis through oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses remains unclear, which is the focus of our study. In the present study, female rats (4 weeks old) were exposed to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs, 1 μm) at different dosages (0, 0.5, and 2.0 mg/kg) for 28 days. Findings revealed that 2.0 mg/kg of PS-MPs distinctly increased the atretic follicle ratio in the ovary and dramatically reduced the serum levels of estrogen and progesterone. Additionally, the oxidative stress indicators declined, including the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, whereas the malondialdehyde content in the ovary was considerably enhanced in the 2.0 mg/kg PS-MPs group. Furthermore, the expressions of genes related to ER stress (PERK, eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP) and apoptosis were remarkably elevated in the 2.0 mg/kg PS-MPs group compared with those in the control group. We found that PS-MPs induced oxidative stress and activated the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway in juvenile rats. Moreover, with the oxidative stress inhibitor N-acetyl-cysteine and eIF2α dephosphorylation blocker Salubrinal treatment, ovarian damage induced by PS-MPs was repaired and associated enzyme activities were improved. Overall, our results indicated that PS-MPs exposure induced ovarian injury associated with oxidative stress and activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway in juvenile rats, providing new prospects for assessing the health risks of children exposed to microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhen Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiafu Guan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yueying Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shanji Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Fen Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
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6
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Luo P, Huang XB, Zhan XZ, Yang C, Deng ZC, Zhang C, Fu XL, Tian YB, Huang YM, Liu WJ. Heat enhances the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide on duck granulosa cell proliferation and steroid biosynthesis in vitro. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13851. [PMID: 37437892 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reduces the reproductive performance of laying ducks, especially during the hot summer months. To study the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the effects of different LPS concentrations and heat on duck granulosa cell (GC) proliferation and steroid biosynthesis in vitro. We investigated GC proliferation, secretion, and activation of the MAPK pathway. The cell cycle results showed that LPS treatment alone did not significantly affect cell proliferation, whereas the mRNA expression levels of IGF2, IGFBP2, and CyclinD1 were downregulated and p27kip1 was significantly upregulated after 2000 ng/mL LPS treatment when compared to untreated cells. In steroid hormone synthesis, although LPS increased the expression of most steroid biosynthesis genes, it inhibited the expression of CYP11A1 at high LPS concentrations. High temperatures enhanced the inhibitory effect of LPS on the expression of proliferation-promoting genes. Heat significantly reduced CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 expression. In addition, the phosphorylation of P38 was significantly upregulated by high temperatures combined with LPS, whereas the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK was downregulated. The relative protein expression of Bax/BCL-2 was upregulated at high temperatures in combination with LPS. Heat treatment enhanced the inhibitory effects of LPS on the proliferation and hormone biosynthesis of duck GCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Luo
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Bing Huang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Zhi Zhan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Deng
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Liang Fu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Bo Tian
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Mao Huang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Dietary intake of Spirulina platensis alters HSP70 gene expression profiles in the brain of rats in an experimental model of mixed stress. J Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-022-01388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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8
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Dickson MJ, Sheldon IM, Bromfield JJ. Lipopolysaccharide alters CEBPβ signaling and reduces estradiol production in bovine granulosa cells. CABI AGRICULTURE AND BIOSCIENCE 2022; 3:66. [PMID: 37576606 PMCID: PMC10419969 DOI: 10.1186/s43170-022-00133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Bacterial infection of the uterus in postpartum dairy cows limits ovarian follicle growth, reduces blood estradiol concentrations, and leads to accumulation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in ovarian follicular fluid. Although treating granulosa cells with LPS in vitro decreases the expression of the estradiol synthesis enzyme CYP19A1 and reduces estradiol secretion, the molecular mechanisms are unclear. The transcription factor CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPβ) not only facilitates the transcription of LPS regulated cytokines, but also binds to the promoter region of CYP19A1 in humans, mice, and buffalo. We hypothesized that LPS alters CEBPβ signaling to reduce CYP19A1 expression, resulting in decreased estradiol secretion. Methods Bovine granulosa cells were isolated from small/medium or large follicles and treated with LPS in the presence of FSH and androstenedione for up to 24 h. Results Treatment with LPS increased CXCL8 and IL6 gene expression and reduced estradiol secretion in granulosa cells from both small/medium and large follicles. However, LPS only reduced CYP19A1 expression in granulosa cells from large follicles. Treatment with LPS increased CEBPB expression and reduced CEBPβ nuclear localization in granulosa cells from small/medium follicles, but not granulosa cells from large follicles. Conclusions Although LPS reduces estradiol synthesis in bovine granulosa cells, the effects of LPS on CYP19A1 and CEBPβ are dependent on follicle size.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I. Martin Sheldon
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
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Chen F, Lu J, Guo R, Mei C, Guo B, Li W, Tsigkou A, Shi Z. Rectifying cow infertility under heat stress by immunization against inhibin and supplementation of progesterone. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 80:106726. [PMID: 35413656 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2022.106726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken for the development of novel techniques that are based on immunoneutralization of inhibin bioactivity to improve Holstein cow fertility. A series of 4 experiments were carried out on 2 farms that were located in subtropical or temperate regions, to test the effects of immunization against inhibin alpha subunit on cow fertility under varying degrees of heat stress conditions. Though immunization against inhibin alone improved conception rate (CR) after TAI moderately in cows under mild heat stress conditions, the treatment plus progesterone supplementation substantially enhanced CR in the range of 25 to 35 percentages from severe heat stress to comfortable weather conditions. There existed an additive effect between immunization against inhibin and progesterone supplementation that maximally enhanced CR. Further, immunization against inhibin increased both FSH and activin A concentrations in blood during both follicular and luteal phases. It also significantly increased blood concentrations of E2 in the follicular phase but decreased P4 concentrations during the early pregnancy. However, interferon-tau concentrations in blood around the time of pregnancy recognition were doubled in the inhibin immunized cows. In conclusion, immunization against inhibin plus P4 treatment enhances ovarian follicle and the subsequent early embryo developments that help to greatly improve the fertility of Holstein dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - J Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Nanjing Eason Science & Technology Co.,Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 215316, China
| | - R Guo
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - C Mei
- Dongying Austasia Modern Dairy Farm Co., Ltd., Dongying 257345, China
| | - B Guo
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - W Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - A Tsigkou
- Department of Biology, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Kunshan, 215316, China
| | - Z Shi
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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10
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Adur MK, Seibert JT, Romoser MR, Bidne KL, Baumgard LH, Keating AF, Ross JW. Porcine endometrial heat shock proteins are differentially influenced by pregnancy status, heat stress, and altrenogest supplementation during the peri-implantation period. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6620802. [PMID: 35772767 PMCID: PMC9246672 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) deleteriously affects multiple components of porcine reproduction and is causal to seasonal infertility. Environment-induced hyperthermia causes a HS response (HSR) typically characterized by increased abundance of intracellular heat shock proteins (HSP). Gilts exposed to HS during the peri-implantation period have compromised embryo survival, however if (or how) HS disrupts the porcine endometrium is not understood. Study objectives were to evaluate the endometrial HSP abundance in response to HS during this period and assess the effect of oral progestin (altrenogest; ALT) supplementation. Postpubertal gilts (n = 42) were artificially inseminated during behavioral estrus (n = 28) or were kept cyclic (n = 14), and randomly assigned to thermal neutral (TN; 21 ± 1 °C) or diurnal HS (35 ± 1 °C for 12 h/31.6 ± 1 °C for 12 h) conditions from day 3 to 12 postestrus (dpe). Seven of the inseminated gilts from each thermal treatment group received ALT (15 mg/d) during this period. Using quantitative PCR, transcript abundance of HSP family A (Hsp70) member 1A (HSPA1A, P = 0.001) and member 6 (HSPA6, P < 0.001), and HSP family B (small) member 8 (HSB8, P = 0.001) were increased while HSP family D (Hsp60) member 1 (HSPD1, P = 0.01) was decreased in the endometrium of pregnant gilts compared to the cyclic gilts. Protein abundance of HSPA1A decreased (P = 0.03) in pregnant gilt endometrium due to HS, while HSP family B (small) member 1 (HSPB1) increased (P = 0.01) due to HS. Oral ALT supplementation during HS reduced the transcript abundance of HSP90α family class B member 1 (HSP90AB1, P = 0.04); but HS increased HSP90AB1 (P = 0.001), HSPA1A (P = 0.02), and HSPA6 (P = 0.04) transcript abundance irrespective of ALT. ALT supplementation decreased HSP90α family class A member 1 (HSP90AA1, P = 0.001) protein abundance, irrespective of thermal environment, whereas ALT only decreased HSPA6 (P = 0.02) protein abundance in TN gilts. These results indicate a notable shift of HSP in the porcine endometrium during the peri-implantation period in response to pregnancy status and heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malavika K Adur
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jacob T Seibert
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Matthew R Romoser
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Katie L Bidne
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Lance H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Aileen F Keating
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jason W Ross
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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11
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Yan L, Hu M, Gu L, Lei M, Chen Z, Zhu H, Chen R. Effect of Heat Stress on Egg Production, Steroid Hormone Synthesis, and Related Gene Expression in Chicken Preovulatory Follicular Granulosa Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111467. [PMID: 35681931 PMCID: PMC9179568 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The debilitating effects of heat stress on poultry production have been well documented. Heat stress already results in severe economic loss worldwide. Regarding the decline in the reproductive performance of heat-stressed hens, the exact mechanisms involved are still unknown. The present study was conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying heat-stress-induced abnormal egg production in laying hens. Our results confirmed that laying hens reared under heat stress had impaired laying performance. Follicular granulosa cells cultured in vitro are sensitive to the effects of heat stress, showing an increase in apoptosis and cellular ultrastructural changes. These effects appeared in the form of heat-stress-elevated progesterone, with the increased expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, and 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, along with inhibited estradiol synthesis through the decreased expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor and the cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1. Collectively, laying hens exposed to high temperatures showed damage to granulosa cells that brought about a decline in egg production. This study provides a molecular mechanism for the abnormal laying performance of hens subjected to heat stress, which may help when developing novel strategies to reverse the adverse impact. Abstract This study was conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress (HS)-induced abnormal egg-laying in laying hens. Hy-Line brown laying hens were exposed to HS at 32 °C or maintained at 22 °C (control) for 14 days. In addition, granulosa cells (GCs) from preovulatory follicles were subjected to normal (37 °C) or high (41 °C or 43 °C) temperatures in vitro. Proliferation, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis were investigated, and the expression of estrogen and progesterone synthesis-related genes was detected. The results confirmed that laying hens reared under HS had impaired laying performance. HS inhibited proliferation, increased apoptosis, and altered the GC ultrastructure. HS also elevated progesterone secretion by increasing the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), and 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). In addition, HS inhibited estrogen synthesis in GCs by decreasing the expression of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1). The upregulation of heat shock 70 kDa protein (HSP70) under HS was also observed. Collectively, laying hens exposed to high temperatures experienced damage to follicular GCs and steroidogenesis dysfunction, which reduced their laying performance. This study provides a molecular mechanism for the abnormal laying performance of hens subjected to HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyan Yan
- Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Y.); (M.H.); (M.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Mengdie Hu
- Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Y.); (M.H.); (M.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Lihong Gu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China;
| | - Mingming Lei
- Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Y.); (M.H.); (M.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Y.); (M.H.); (M.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Huanxi Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Y.); (M.H.); (M.L.); (Z.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (R.C.)
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (L.Y.); (M.H.); (M.L.); (Z.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (R.C.)
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12
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Guo P, Xu J, Liang H, Xu L, Gao W, Chen Z, Gao Y, Zhang M, Yu G, Shao Z. Estrogen Suppresses Cytokines Release in cc4821 Neisseria meningitidis Infection via TLR4 and ERβ-p38-MAPK Pathway. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:834091. [PMID: 35422784 PMCID: PMC9002303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.834091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen has long been known to possess immune-modulatory effects in diseases, and multiple pathological conditions show great sex disparities. However, the impact of estrogen in Neisseria meningitidis infection has not been determined. The present study aimed to investigate the role of estrogen in N. meningitidis infection and the molecular mechanism. We selected 35 N. meningitidis isolates representing different clonal complexes (cc), serogroups, and isolation sources to infect the HBMEC cell line. Results showed that the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) β in N. meningitidis-infected cells was downregulated compared with that in normal cells. The expression of ERβ induced by invasive isolates was lower than that in carriers. Serogroup C isolates induced the lowest expression of ERβ compared with serogroup A and B isolates. We used four cc4821 N. meningitidis isolates to infect two kinds of host cells (human brain microvascular endothelial cells and meningeal epithelial cells). The results showed that 17 β-estradiol (E2) could inhibit the release of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α after N. meningitidis infection via TLR4. E2 could inhibit the activation of the p38-MAPK signal pathway induced by N. meningitidis infection through binding to ERβ, and significantly inhibit the release of inflammatory factors in N. meningitidis-infected host cells. This study demonstrated that estrogen plays a protective role in N. meningitidis infection. ERβ is potentially associated with the release of inflammatory cytokines in N. meningitidis infection, which sheds light on a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of invasive diseases caused by N. meningitidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wanying Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ziman Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Maojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Guangfu Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhujun Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Li Q, Liu Y, Huang Z, Guo Y, Li Q. Triggering Immune System With Nanomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:878524. [PMID: 35497343 PMCID: PMC9046726 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.878524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of incidence rate and mortality worldwide. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has made great progress in the preclinical and clinical treatment of advanced malignant tumors. However, cancer patients will have transient cancer suppression reaction and serious immune related adverse reactions when receiving immunotherapy. In recent years, nanoparticle-based immunotherapy, which can accurately deliver immunogens, activate antigen presenting cells (APCs) and effector cells, provides a new insight to solve the above problems. In this review, we discuss the research progress of nanomaterials in immunotherapy including nanoparticle-based delivery systems, nanoparticle-based photothermal and photodynamic immunotherapy, nanovaccines, nanoparticle-based T cell cancer immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based bacteria cancer immunotherapy. We also put forward the current challenges and prospects of immunomodulatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yajie Guo
- *Correspondence: Yajie Guo, ; Qingjiao Li,
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14
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Shi Y, Tang L, Bai X, Du K, Wang H, Jia X, Lai S. Heat Stress Altered the Vaginal Microbiome and Metabolome in Rabbits. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:813622. [PMID: 35495670 PMCID: PMC9048824 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.813622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress can have an impact on parental gamete maturation and reproduction functions. According to current research, the microbial composition of the vaginal cavity is species specific. Pregnancy, menstruation, and genital diseases have been linked to the dynamics of vaginal ecology. In this study, we characterized the vaginal microbiota and metabolites after heat stress. At the phylum level, the rabbit’s vaginal microbial composition of rabbit showed high similarity with that of humans. In the Heat group, the relative abundance of the dominant microbiota Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria increased, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes decreased. Furthermore, heat stress significantly increased the relative abundance of W5053, Helcococcus, Thiopseudomonas, ldiomaarina, atopostipes, and facklamia, whereas the relative abundance of 12 genera significantly decreased, including Streptococcus, UCG-005, Alistipes, [Eubacterium]_xylanophilum_group, Comamonas, RB41, Fastidiosipila, Intestinimonas, Arthrobacter, Lactobacillus, Leucobacter, and Family_xlll_AD3011_group. Besides, the relative concentrations of 158 metabolites differed significantly between the Heat and Control groups. Among them, the endocrine hormone estradiol (E2) increased in the Heat group and was positively associated with a number of metabolites such as linolelaidic acid (C18:2N6T), N-acetylsphingosine, N-oleoyl glycine, trans-petroselinic acid, syringic acid, 2-(1-adamantyl)-1-morpholinoethan-1-one, 5-OxoETE, and 16-heptadecyne-1,2,4-triol. Further, the majority of the differential metabolites were enriched in steroid biosynthesis and endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption pathways, reflecting that heat stress may affect calcium metabolism, hormone-induced signaling, and endocrine balance of vaginal ecology. These findings provide a comprehensive depiction of rabbit vaginal ecology and reveal the effects of heat stress on the vagina via the analysis of vaginal microbiome and metabolome, which may provide a new thought for low female fertility under heat stress.
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15
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An G, Zhang Y, Fan L, Chen J, Wei M, Li C, Chen X, Zhang L, Yang D, Wang J. Integrative Analysis of Vaginal Microorganisms and Serum Metabolomics in Rats With Estrous Cycle Disorder Induced by Long-Term Heat Exposure Based on 16S rDNA Gene Sequencing and LC/MS-Based Metabolomics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:595716. [PMID: 33738264 PMCID: PMC7962411 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.595716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Long term heat exposure (HE) leads to estrous cycle disorder (ECD) in female rats and damages reproductive function. However, the regulation mechanism of vaginal microorganisms and serum metabolomics remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of microbes on the vaginal secretions of rats with ECD and describe the serum metabolomics characteristics and their relationship with vaginal microorganisms. The alterations in the serum levels of neurotransmitters were used to verify the possible regulatory pathways. The relative abundance, composition, and colony interaction network of microorganisms in the vaginal secretions of rats with ECD changed significantly. The metabolomics analysis identified 22 potential biomarkers in the serum including lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and mammalian target of rapamycin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signaling pathways. Further, 52 pairs of vaginal microbiota–serum metabolites correlations (21 positive and 31 negative) were determined. The abundance of Gardnerella correlated positively with the metabolite L-arginine concentration and negatively with the oleic acid concentration. Further, a negative correlation was found between the abundance of Pseudomonas and the L-arginine concentration and between the metabolite benzoic acid concentration and the abundance of Adlercreutzia. These four bacteria–metabolite pairs had a direct or indirect relationship with the estrous cycle and reproduction. The glutamine, glutamate, and dopamine levels were significantly uncontrolled. The former two were closely related to GnRH signaling pathways involved in the development and regulation of HE-induced ECD in rats. Serum neurotransmitters partly reflected the regulatory effect of vaginal microorganisms on the host of HE-induced ECD, and glutamatergic neurotransmitters might be closely related to the alteration in vaginal microorganisms. These findings might help comprehend the mechanism of HE-induced ECD and propose a new intervention based on vaginal microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- GaiHong An
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin, China
| | - LiJun Fan
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - JiaJun Chen
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - MengFan Wei
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - XueWei Chen
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - DanFeng Yang
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
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16
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Xu G, Li J, Zhang D, Su T, Li X, Cui S. HSP70 inhibits pig pituitary gonadotrophin synthesis and secretion by regulating the corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling pathway and targeting SMAD3. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106533. [PMID: 32992141 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High levels or long periods of stress have been shown to negatively impact cell homeostasis, including with respect to abnormalities in domestic animal reproduction, which are typically activated through the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, in which corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) are involved. In addition, CRH has been reported to inhibit pituitary gonadotrophin synthesis, and HSP70 is expressed in the pituitary gland. The aim of this study was to determine whether HSP70 was involved in regulating gonadotrophin synthesis and secretion by mediating the CRH pathway in the porcine pituitary gland. Our results showed that HSP70 was highly expressed in the porcine pituitary gland, with over 90% of gonadotrophic cells testing HSP70 positive. The results of functional studies demonstrated that the HSP70 inducer decreased FSH and LH levels in cultured porcine primary pituitary cells, whereas an HSP70 inhibitor blocked the negative effect of CRH on gonadotrophin synthesis and secretion. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that HSP70 inhibited gonadotrophin synthesis and secretion by blocking GnRH-induced SMAD3 phosphorylation, which acts as the targeting molecule of HSP70, while CRH upregulated HSP70 expression through the PKC and ERK pathways. Collectively, these data demonstrate that HSP70 inhibits pituitary gonadotrophin synthesis and secretion by regulating the CRH signaling pathway and inhibiting SMAD3 phosphorylation, which are important for our understanding the mechanisms of the stress affects domestic animal reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - D Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China
| | - T Su
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - X Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - S Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu, China.
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17
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Li Q, Du X, Liu L, Liu H, Pan Z, Li Q. Upregulation of miR-146b promotes porcine ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis by attenuating CYP19A1. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106509. [PMID: 32653739 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21- to 24-nucleotide long small noncoding RNAs, which play an important role in follicular atresia and granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis in the mammalian ovary. Here, we report that miR-146b, a conserved and ovary-enriched miRNA, modulates estradiol (E2) secretion, GC apoptosis, and follicular atresia in pigs. Genome-wide analysis and quantitative real-time PCR revealed that miR-146b was significantly upregulated during follicular atresia, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting showed that miR-146b functioned as a proapoptotic factor to induce GC apoptosis. MicroRNA-mRNA network analysis and luciferase reporter assays showed that CYP19A1, the pivotal enzyme for E2 synthesis signaling, was directly targeted by miR-146b. Furthermore, miR-146b interacted with the 3'untranslated region of CYP19A1 to prevent translation, thereby regulating CYP19A1-mediated E2 secretion and GC apoptosis. However, miR-146b was not regulated by the transcription factor SMAD4 or oxidative stress, both of which are critical regulators of CYP19A1. We, thus, conclude that miR-146b is a novel epigenetic factor regulating GC functions, follicular development, and female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - X Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - L Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - H Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Z Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Q Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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18
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Qu X, Guo S, Yan L, Zhu H, Li H, Shi Z. TNFα-Erk1/2 signaling pathway-regulated SerpinE1 and SerpinB2 are involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced porcine granulosa cell proliferation. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109702. [PMID: 32619562 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an inhibitory factor that causes hormonal imbalance and subsequently affects ovarian function and fertility in mammals. Previous studies have shown that the exposure of granulosa cells (GC) to LPS leads to steroidogenesis dysfunction. However, the effects of LPS on the viability of GC remain largely unclear. In the present study, we aimed to address this question and unveil the underlying molecular mechanisms using cultured porcine GC. Results showed that GC proliferation and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) secretion were significantly increased after exposure to LPS, and these effects were completely reversed by blocking the TNFα sheddase, ADAM17. Moreover, GC proliferation induced by LPS was mimicked by treatment with recombinant TNFα. In addition, SerpinE1 and SerpinB2 expression levels increased in GC after treatment with LPS or recombinant TNFα, whereas blocking the Erk1/2 pathway completely abolished these effects and also inhibited GC proliferation. Further, consistent with the effects of blocking the Erk1/2 pathway, cell proliferation was completely inhibited by knocking down SerpinE1 or SerpinB2 in the presence of LPS or recombinant TNFα. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) polarization in GC was increased by LPS or recombinant TNFα treatment, and these changes were completely negated by Erk1/2 inhibition, but not by SerpinE1 or SerpinB2 knockdown. Taken together, these results suggested that the TNFα-mediated upregulation of SerpinE1 and SerpinB2, through activation of the Erk1/2 pathway plays a crucial role in LPS-stimulated GC proliferation, and the increase in GC MMP may synergistically influence this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Qu
- College of Animal Science and technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shuangshuang Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Leyan Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huanxi Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Zhendan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Karabulut S, Korkmaz O, Kutlu P, Gozel HE, Keskin I. Effects o follicular fluid oxidative status on human mural granulosa cells, oocyte competency and ICSI parameters. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 252:127-136. [PMID: 32599478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to understand the molecular and genetic alterations involved in follicular fluid oxidative process by investigating human mural granulosa cells and to find possible biomarkers for oocyte competency and ICSI outcome measures. METHODS A total of 166 patients were included in the study. Total antioxidant and oxidant levels of follicular fluids were measured on the day of oocyte pick-up and oxidative status were calculated. Expression profiles of three potential target proteins in cases of oxidative stress (Hsp70, Tgf-β, Notch1), DNA status and chromatin integrity of mural granulosa cells were analyzed. RESULTS TAS levels were positively correlated with the Hsp70 and Tgf-β expression patterns of mural granulosa cells. Mature oocyte rate and fertilization rates were affected negatively by the presence of oxidative stress and a significant positive correlation was found with the oxidative status and the fertilization rate, whereas no correlation with the remaining ICSI parameters in the overall group. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress detected in follicular fluid adversely affects fertilization rates post-ICSI however no effect on the remaining parameters including embryo quality, pregnancy, and implantation rates. DNA damage, chromatin integrity were increased, whereas Hsp70 and Tgf-ß were decreased in mural granulosa cells in cases of oxidative stress which may indirectly reflect the oocyte competency and may be used as biomarkers for ICSI outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Karabulut
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Oya Korkmaz
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Kutlu
- Medicana Çamlıca Hospital, IVF Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilal Eren Gozel
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Keskin
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey
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20
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Guo R, Chen F, Shi Z. Suppression of Notch Signaling Stimulates Progesterone Synthesis by Enhancing the Expression of NR5A2 and NR2F2 in Porcine Granulosa Cells. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020120. [PMID: 31978970 PMCID: PMC7073743 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The conserved Notch pathway is reported to be involved in progesterone synthesis and secretion; however, the exact effects remain controversial. To determine the role and potential mechanisms of the Notch signaling pathway in progesterone biosynthesis in porcine granulosa cells (pGCs), we first used a pharmacological γ-secretase inhibitor, N-(N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl-l-alanyl))-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT), to block the Notch pathway in cultured pGCs and then evaluated the expression of genes in the progesterone biosynthesis pathway and key transcription factors (TFs) regulating steroidogenesis. We found that DAPT dose- and time-dependently increased progesterone secretion. The expression of steroidogenic proteins NPC1 and StAR and two TFs, NR5A2 and NR2F2, was significantly upregulated, while the expression of HSD3B was significantly downregulated. Furthermore, knockdown of both NR5A2 and NR2F2 with specific siRNAs blocked the upregulatory effects of DAPT on progesterone secretion and reversed the effects of DAPT on the expression of NPC1, StAR, and HSD3B. Moreover, knockdown of NR5A2 and NR2F2 stimulated the expression of Notch3. In conclusion, the inhibition of Notch signaling stimulated progesterone secretion by enhancing the expression of NPC1 and StAR, and the two TFs NR5A2 and NR2F2 acted as downstream TFs of Notch signaling in regulating progesterone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Fang Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Zhendan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- Correspondence:
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21
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Time and sex dependency of hemodynamic, renal, and survivability effects of endotoxemia in rats. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 28:127-135. [PMID: 31933528 PMCID: PMC6950976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Widely different exposure times to endotoxic insults have been employed in reported studies. The current experimental study systematically evaluated the time-course and sex influences of endotoxic insult on survivability and cardiovascular and renal functions. Rats received i.p. lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg) once or twice (over 2 successive days). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), biomarkers of renal function and inflammation, and vasodilator responsiveness of isolated perfused kidneys to acetylcholine (ACh) or N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) were evaluated 6 hr after first LPS injection or 1, 2, or 6 days later. A single 6-hr LPS challenge caused (i) sex-unrelated elevations in serum urea and creatinine and reductions in NECA, but not ACh, vasodilations, (ii) more increases in renal NF-κB/iNOS expressions in male than in female rats, and (iii) hypotension and tachycardia only in male rats. These parameters, except for hemodynamic changes, were restored to near-control levels 1 day after single LPS dosing. The 2-days dosing with LPS had no effects on renal function biomarkers, but caused hypotension, tachycardia, and increases in renal NF-κB/iNOS expression and NECA and ACh vasodilations in both rat sexes. None of these parameters were different from control values when measured 6 days after the endotoxic insult. Alternatively, the rat mortality was observed during first 2 days of the study and was notably higher in male than in female rats. Our data suggest that the frequency and time elapsed after LPS exposure as well as rat sex are important determinants of the magnitude and direction of detrimental effects of endotoxemia.
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22
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Lei L, Ge J, Zhao H, Wang X, Yang L. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in lipopolysaccharide-inhibited mouse granulosa cell estradiol production. J Reprod Dev 2019; 65:459-465. [PMID: 31406023 PMCID: PMC6815742 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2019-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The decrease in the level of estradiol (E2) in granulosa cells caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the major causes of infertility underlying postpartum uterine
infections; the precise molecular mechanism of which remains elusive. This study investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in LPS-induced E2 decrease in mouse
granulosa cells. Our results showed that LPS increased the pro-inflammatory cytokines [(interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α)], activated ER stress marker
protein expression [(glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP)], and decreased cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1
(Cyp19a1) expression and E2 production. Moreover, inhibition of ER stress by 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) attenuated thapsigargin-(TG, ER stress agonist) or LPS-induced reduction of
Cyp19a1 and E2, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), and the expression of CHOP and GRP78. Additionally, inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)
by resatorvid (TAK-242) reversed the inhibitory effects of LPS on Cyp19a1 expression and E2 production, activation of GRP78 and CHOP, and expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and
TNF-α. In summary, our study suggests that ER stress is involved in LPS-inhibited E2 production in mouse granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjie Lei
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.,Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
| | - Junbang Ge
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technique in Agricultural Application, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
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Wu G, Hu X, Ding J, Yang J. Abnormal expression of HSP70 may contribute to PCOS pathology. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:74. [PMID: 31399035 PMCID: PMC6688372 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism of the pathological change of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is still unclear. Previous studies have shown that PCOS is a chronic nonspecific low-grade inflammatory condition, and that heat shock protein (HSP)70 has a potent anti-inflammatory property. So the aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between HSP70 and the hormones and inflammatory factors and to find out the role of HSP70 in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Methods Twenty female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (aged 23 days and weighted 80-90 g) were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10 per group), PCOS group and control group. PCOS group were subcutaneously injected with 6 mg/100 g dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) for 20 consecutive days, the control group were subcutaneously injected with a solvent of equivalent amount. All the samples were collected in the morning fasting state, 12 h after the last administration. Histological examinations of ovarian tissues were analyzed. Hormone levels and inflammatory factors levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Results Serum concentrations of testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were significantly higher in the PCOS group than the control group (P < 0.001), but the concentrations of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and insulin didn’t show significant difference between these two groups. All the concentrations of inflammatory factors including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. were significantly higher in PCOS group than the control group (P < 0.001). The expressions of HSP70 were significantly lower in serum but higher in ovarian tissues in the PCOS group than the control group. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed strong negative correlation of serum HSP70 levels with T, LH and all the detected inflammatory factors. Conclusion The abnormal expression of HSP70 correlated with testosterone and inflammatory factors, which indicates that HSP70 may play an important role in PCOS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxiang Wu
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue Hu
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
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24
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Escribano D, Horvatić A, Contreras-Aguilar MD, Guillemin N, Cerón JJ, Tecles F, Martinez-Miró S, Eckersall PD, Manteca X, Mrljak V. Changes in saliva proteins in two conditions of compromised welfare in pigs: An experimental induced stress by nose snaring and lameness. Res Vet Sci 2019; 125:227-234. [PMID: 31284225 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify biological pathways and proteins differentially expressed in saliva of pigs in two conditions of compromised welfare: an acute stress consisting of restraint with a nose snare and in pigs with lameness which is a highly frequent problem in the swine industry. For this purpose, high-resolution quantitative proteomics based on Tandem Mass Tags labelling was used. Four proteins showed significant differences in the conditions of compromised welfare, namely cornulin, the heat shock protein 27 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), that showed significant increases, whereas immunoglobulin J chain showed a significant decrease. LDH, which was the protein that showed the highest differences, was selected for validation and clinical evaluation as a diagnostic biomarker. Significant changes in this protein were observed between pigs restrained with a nose snare and pigs with lameness compared with healthy pigs when measured with available commercial assays in a larger population of pigs. In conclusion, this study reports that in situations of compromised welfare on farm, such as acute stress and lameness in pigs, there are changes in proteins and metabolic pathways in saliva, and describes a series of proteins that could potentially be used as biomarkers for both short term acute stress and longer term chronic stress of lameness. These biomarkers would have the advantage of being measured in saliva by a noninvasive and not stressful collection sampling procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Escribano
- Department of Animal and Food Science, School of Veterinary Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anita Horvatić
- ERA Chair FP7, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maria Dolores Contreras-Aguilar
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nicolas Guillemin
- ERA Chair FP7, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jose Joaquín Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia Martinez-Miró
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary school, Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Peter David Eckersall
- ERA Chair FP7, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Xavier Manteca
- Department of Animal and Food Science, School of Veterinary Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- ERA Chair FP7, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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25
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ROS-Induced GATA4 and GATA6 Downregulation Inhibits StAR Expression in LPS-Treated Porcine Granulosa-Lutein Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5432792. [PMID: 31178965 PMCID: PMC6501234 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5432792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
LPS is a major endotoxin produced by gram-negative bacteria, and exposure to it commonly occurs in animal husbandry. Previous studies have shown that LPS infection disturbs steroidogenesis, including progesterone production, and subsequently decreases animal reproductive performance. However, little information about the underlying mechanisms is available thus far. In the present study, an in vitro-luteinized porcine granulosa cell model was used to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of LPS treatment. We found that LPS significantly inhibits progesterone production and downregulates the expressions of progesterone synthesis-associated genes (StAR, CYP11A1, and 3β-HSD). Furthermore, the levels of ROS were significantly increased in an LPS dose-dependent manner. Moreover, transcriptional factors GATA4 and GATA6, but not NR5A1, were significantly downregulated. Elimination of LPS-stimulated ROS by melatonin or vitamin C could restore the expressions of GATA4, GATA6, and StAR. In parallel, StAR expression was also inhibited by the knockdown of GATA4 and GATA6. Based on these data, we conclude that LPS impairs StAR expression via the ROS-induced downregulation of GATA4 and GATA6. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the understanding of reproductive losses in animals suffering from bacterial infection and LPS exposure.
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26
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Li Q, Du X, Pan Z, Zhang L, Li Q. The transcription factor SMAD4 and miR-10b contribute to E2 release and cell apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells by targeting CYP19A1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 476:84-95. [PMID: 29723543 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1) gene, encodes aromatase, a key enzyme in estradiol (E2) synthesis, and is down-regulated during porcine follicular atresia. However, its role in and the mechanism of transcriptional repression in follicular atresia is largely unknown. In the present study, we show that the CYP19A1 gene stimulates E2 release and inhibits cell apoptosis in porcine granulosa cells (GCs). SMAD4, an anti-apoptotic moderator, was identified as a transcription factor of the porcine CYP19A1 gene and enhanced the expression and function of CYP19A1 in porcine GCs through direct binding to a SMAD4-binding element (SBE) within the promoter region of CYP19A1 gene. Moreover, we found that miR-10b, a pro-apoptotic factor, directly interacted with 3'-UTR of the porcine CYP19A1 mRNA, inhibiting its expression and function in porcine GCs. Collectively, we demonstrated that CYP19A1 is an inhibitor of follicular atresia and is regulated by both SMAD4 and miR-10b. These findings provide further insight into the mechanisms of CYP19A1 in steroid hormone synthesis and GC apoptosis and provide molecular targets for exploring methods of treatment for steroid-dependent reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lifan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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27
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Tang X, Tan L, Shi K, Peng J, Xiao Y, Li W, Chen L, Yang Q, Qian Z. Gold nanorods together with HSP inhibitor-VER-155008 micelles for colon cancer mild-temperature photothermal therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:587-601. [PMID: 30109183 PMCID: PMC6089863 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancing the heat-sensitivity of tumor cells provides an alternative solution to maintaining the therapeutic outcome of photothermal therapy (PTT). In this study, we constructed a therapeutic system, which was composed of methoxy-polyethylene-glycol-coated-gold-nanorods (MPEG-AuNR) and VER-155008-micelles, to evaluate the effect of VER-155008 on the sensitivity of tumor cells to heat, and further investigate the therapeutic outcome of MPEG-AuNR mediated PTT combined with VER-155008- micelles. VER-155008- micelles down-regulate the expression of heat shock proteins and attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cell. The survival of HCT116 cells treated with VER-155008- micelles under 45 °C is equal to that treated with high temperature hyperthermia (55 °C) in vitro. Furthermore, we proved either the MPEG-AuNR or VER-155008- micelles can be accumulate in the tumor site by photoacoustic imaging and fluorescent imaging. In vivo anti-cancer evaluation showed that tumor size remarkably decreased (smaller than 100 mm3 or vanished) when treated with combing 45 °C mild PTT system, which contrasted to the tumor size when treated with individual 45 °C mild PTT (around 500 nm3) or normal saline as control (larger than 2000 nm3). These results proved that the VER-155008- micelles can attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cells and enhance the therapeutic outcome of mild-temperature photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liwei Tan
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Kun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key College Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Specific Structure of Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence address. Tel./fax: +86 28 85501986.
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