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Teixeira TM, Boeff DD, de Oliveira Carvalho L, Ritter MR, Konrath EL. The traditional use of native Brazilian plants for male sexual dysfunction: Evidence from ethnomedicinal applications, animal models, and possible mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116876. [PMID: 37437795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sexual dysfunction is a multifactorial health condition characterized by distressing disturbances in the sexual response and libido, leading to an inability to maintain penile erection and achieve pleasure. Considering the huge Brazilian biodiversity, many plants are traditionally used for aphrodisiac purposes. However, the use of native medicinal plants as sexual boosters in Brazil has been poorly studied. AIM OF THE STUDY This review focuses on the composition, pharmacology, and results of experimental trials of the main native plants used in Brazilian folk medicine with alleged aphrodisiac effects. We aimed to provide a state-of-the-art reference for research on herbs for the treatment of male sexual dysfunction by summarizing and discussing the main studies found. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant information was collected by searching keywords (aphrodisiac, sexual tonic, sexual stimulant, sexual vigor stimulant, sexual impotency, erectile dysfunction, etc.) from books containing primary surveys conducted in the original communities and bibliographic surveys prepared by authors linked to the national academic and scientific environment edited in Brazil. Preclinical and clinical studies of the compiled plant species were performed using scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and SciFinder). RESULTS Seventy-four plant species belonging to 44 families used in Brazil to treat sexual dysfunction were compiled from ethnopharmacological literature. Fourteen plants, including Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen, Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco Schltdl., Anemopaegma arvense (Vell.) Stellfeld ex de Souza, Mimosa pudica L., Heteropterys tomentosa A. Juss., Trichilia catigua A. Juss., and Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. were pharmacologically studied to confirm these therapeutic properties. Probable modes of action include antioxidant and androgenic activities, inhibition of the PDE5 enzyme, increase in NO levels, and activation of dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways. In addition, several different species popularly known as "catuaba" were identified, leading to adulterations and controversial effects. CONCLUSION The overall results of the present review of Brazilian folk literature reveal that Brazil has a long tradition of using plants with potential aphrodisiac effects. However, further research is required to identify, characterize, and standardize the active ingredients and herbal preparations used in aphrodisiacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tárik Matthes Teixeira
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Daiana Daniele Boeff
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Pos-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Letícia de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Pos-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Mara Rejane Ritter
- Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luis Konrath
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Pos-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil.
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Ouassou H, Elhouda Daoudi N, Bouknana S, Abdnim R, Bnouham M. A Review of Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants as a Novel Source of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Future Perspective of New Challenges Against Diabetes Mellitus. Med Chem 2024; 20:467-486. [PMID: 38265379 DOI: 10.2174/0115734064255060231116192839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular glucose concentration plays a crucial role in initiating the molecular secretory process of pancreatic β-cells through multiple messengers and signaling pathways. Cyclic nucleotides are key physiological regulators that modulate pathway interactions in β -cells. An increase of cyclic nucleotides is controled by hydrolysed phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which degrades cyclic nucleotides into inactive metabolites. Despite the undeniable therapeutic potential of PDE inhibitors, they are associated with several side effects. The treatment strategy for diabetes based on PDE inhibitors has been proposed for a long time. Hence, the world of natural antidiabetic medicinal plants represents an ideal source of phosphodiesterase inhibitors as a new strategy for developing novel agents to treat diabetes mellitus. This review highlights medicinal plants traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus that have been proven to have inhibitory effects on PDE activity. The contents of this review were sourced from electronic databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, Scifinder and Google Scholar. These databases were consulted to collect information without any limitation date. After comprehensive literature screening, this paper identified 27 medicinal plants that have been reported to exhibit anti-phosphodiesterase activities. The selection of these plants was based on their traditional uses in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The review emphasizes the antiphosphodiesterase properties of 31 bioactive components derived from these plant extracts. Many phenolic compounds have been identified as PDE inhibitors: Brazilin, mesozygin, artonin I, chalcomaracin, norartocarpetin, moracin L, moracin M, moracin C, curcumin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, chlorogenic acid, and ellagic acid. Moreover, smome lignans have reported as PDE inhibitors: (+)-Medioresinol di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)- Pinoresinol di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)-Pinoresinol-4-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-dglucopyranoside, Liriodendrin, (+)-Pinoresinol 4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and forsythin. This review provides a promising starting point of medicinal plants, which could be further studied for the development of natural phosphodiesterase inhibitors to treat diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is important to consider clinical studies for the identification of new targets for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ouassou
- Higher Institute of Nurses Professions and Health Techniques, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Nour Elhouda Daoudi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Saliha Bouknana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Boulevard Mohamed VI BP 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Rhizlan Abdnim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
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Bernardes CP, Santos NAG, Costa TR, Menaldo DL, Sisti FM, Amstalden MK, Ribeiro DL, Antunes LMG, Sampaio SV, Santos AC. Effects of C-Terminal-Ethyl-Esterification in a Snake-Venom-Based Peptide Against the Neurotoxicity of Acrolein in PC12 Cells. Int J Pept Res Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-023-10517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Ashrafi S, Alam S, Sultana A, Raj A, Emon NU, Richi FT, Sharmin T, Moon M, Park MN, Kim B. Papaverine: A Miraculous Alkaloid from Opium and Its Multimedicinal Application. Molecules 2023; 28:3149. [PMID: 37049912 PMCID: PMC10095881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological actions of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids are quite substantial, and have recently attracted much attention. One of the principle benzylisoquinoline alkaloids has been found in the unripe seed capsules of Papaver somniferum L. Although it lacks analgesic effects and is unrelated to the compounds in the morphine class, it is a peripheral vasodilator and has a direct effect on vessels. It is reported to inhibit the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) phosphodiesterase in smooth muscles, and it has been observed to increase intracellular levels of cAMP and cGMP. It induces coronary, cerebral, and pulmonary artery dilatation and helps to lower cerebral vascular resistance and enhance cerebral blood flow. Current pharmacological research has revealed that papaverine demonstrates a variety of biological activities, including activity against erectile dysfunction, postoperative vasospasms, and pulmonary vasoconstriction, as well as antiviral, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and gestational actions. It was recently demonstrated that papaverine has the potential to control SARS-CoV-2 by preventing its cytopathic effect. These experiments were carried out both in vitro and in vivo and require an extensive understanding of the mechanisms of action. With its multiple mechanisms, papaverine can be considered as a natural compound that is used to develop therapeutic drugs. To validate its applications, additional research is required into its precise therapeutic mechanisms as well as its acute and chronic toxicities. Therefore, the goal of this review is to discuss the major studies and reported clinical studies looking into the pharmacological effects of papaverine and the mechanisms of action underneath these effects. Additionally, it is recommended to conduct further research via significant pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Ashrafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Safaet Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi 6206, Bangladesh
| | - Arifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Asef Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Fahmida Tasnim Richi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Tasnuva Sharmin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Myunghan Moon
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Ortiz MI, Cariño-Cortés R, Castañeda-Hernández G, Medina-Solís CE. Effect of nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-K + channel pathway blockers, naloxone and metformin, on the antinociception induced by the diuretic pamabrom. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:41-51. [PMID: 36318824 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pamabrom is a diuretic that is effective in treating premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of metformin and modulators of the opioid receptor-nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-K+ channel pathway on the local antinociception induced by pamabrom. The rat paw 1% formalin test was used to assess the effects. Rats were treated with local administration of pamabrom (200-800 µg/paw) or indomethacin (200-800 µg/paw). The antinociception of pamabrom or indomethacin was evaluated with and without the local pretreatment of the blockers. Local administration of pamabrom and indomethacin produced dose-dependent antinociception during the second phase of the test. Local pretreatment of the paws with naloxone (50 µg/paw), l-nitro-arginine methyl ester (10-100 µg/paw), or 1H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazolo[4,2-a]quinoxalin-1-one (10-100 µg/paw) reverted the antinociception induced by local pamabrom, but not of indomethacin. Similarly, the K+ channel blockers glibenclamide, glipizide, 4-aminopyridine, tetraethylammonium, charybdotoxin, or apamin reverted the pamabrom-induced antinociception, but not of indomethacin. Metformin significantly blocked the antinociception of pamabrom and indomethacin. Our data suggest that pamabrom could activate the opioid receptor-NO-cGMP-K+ channel pathway to produce its peripheral antinociception in the formalin test. Likewise, a biguanide-dependent mechanism could be activated by pamabrom and indomethacin to generate antinociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario I Ortiz
- Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Raquel Cariño-Cortés
- Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Castañeda-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Área Académica de Odontología del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Abd-Rabboh HSM, E. Amr AEG, Almehizia AA, Naglah AM, H. Kamel A. New Potentiometric Screen-Printed Platforms Modified with Reduced Graphene Oxide and Based on Man-Made Imprinted Receptors for Caffeine Assessment. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14101942. [PMID: 35631825 PMCID: PMC9145760 DOI: 10.3390/polym14101942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is a psychoactive drug that is administered as a class II psychotropic substance. It is also considered a component of analgesics and cold medicines. Excessive intake of caffeine may lead to severe health damage or drug addiction problems. The assessment of normal caffeine consumption from abusive use is not conclusive, and the cut-off value for biological samples has not been established. Herein, new cost-effective and robust all-solid-state platforms based on potentiometric transduction were fabricated and successfully utilized for caffeine assessment. The platforms were modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Tailored caffeine-imprinted polymeric beads (MIPs) based on methacrylic acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) were prepared, characterized, and used as recognition receptors in the presented potentiometric sensing devices. In 50 mM MES buffer, the sensors exhibited a slope response of 51.2 ± 0.9 mV/decade (n = 6, R2 = 0.997) over the linear range of 4.5 × 10−6−1.0 × 10−3 M with a detection limit of 3.0 × 10−6 M. They exhibited fast detection of caffeinium ions with less than 5 s response time (<5 s). The behavior of the presented sensors towards caffeinium ions over many common organic and inorganic cations was evaluated using the modified separate solution method (MSSM). Inter-day and intra-day precision for the presented analytical device was also evaluated. Successful applications of the presented caffeine sensors for caffeine determination in commercial tea and coffee and different pharmaceutical formulations were carried out. The data obtained were compared with those obtained by the standard liquid chromatographic approach. The presented analytical device can be considered an attractive tool for caffeine determination because of its affordability and vast availability, particularly when combined with potentiometric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Abdel El-Galil E. Amr
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.M.N.)
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.E.-G.E.A.); or (A.H.K.)
| | - Abdulrahman A. Almehizia
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.M.N.)
| | - Ahmed M. Naglah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.M.N.)
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ayman H. Kamel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain
- Correspondence: (A.E.-G.E.A.); or (A.H.K.)
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Orhan IE, Rauf A, Saleem M, Khalil AA. Natural Molecules as Talented Inhibitors of Nucleotide Pyrophosphatases/Phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 22:209-228. [PMID: 34503407 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666210909164118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a wide group of enzymes with multiple therapeutic actions, including vasorelaxation, cardiotonic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, anti-spasmolytic, memory-enhancing, and anti-asthmatic. PDEs with eleven subtypes from PDE-1 to PDE-11 typically catalyze the cleavage of the phosphodiester bond and, hence, degrades either cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). OBJECTIVE Several selective or non-selective inhibitors of the PDE subtypes are used clinically, i.e. sildenafil, rolipram, cysteine, etc. Recently, interest in plant-based pharmacologically bioactive compounds having potent PDEs inhibitory potential has increased. Purposely, extensive research has been carried out on natural products to explore new inhibitors of various PDEs. Therefore, this review summarizes the published data on natural PDEs inhibitors and their potential therapeutic applications. METHODS For this purpose, natural compounds with PDE inhibitory potential have been surveyed through several databases, including PubMed, Web of Sciences (WoS), Scopus, and Google Scholar. RESULTS According to a detailed literature survey, the most promising class of herbal compounds with PDE-inhibiting property has been found to belong to phenolics, including flavonoids (luteolin, kaempferol, icariin, etc.). Many other encouraging inhibitors from plants have also been identified, such as coumarins (23, 24) (licoarylcoumarin and glycocoumarin,), saponins ( agapanthussaponins), lignans (31, 33) [(±)-schizandrin and kobusin], terpenes (28, 29, 31) (perianradulcin A, quinovic acid, and ursolic acid), anthraquinones (18, 19) (emodin and chrysophanol), and alkaloids (Sanjoinine-D) (36). CONCLUSION In this review, studies have revealed the PDE-inhibitory potential of natural plant extracts and their bioactive constituents in treating various diseases; however, further clinical studies comprising synergistic use of different therapies (synthetic & natural) to acquire multi-targeted results might also be a promising option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara. Turkey
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 25120, KPK. Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan-32200, Punjab. Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore. Pakistan
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Jansen EE, Hartmann M. Clot Retraction: Cellular Mechanisms and Inhibitors, Measuring Methods, and Clinical Implications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1064. [PMID: 34440268 PMCID: PMC8394358 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have important functions in hemostasis. Best investigated is the aggregation of platelets for primary hemostasis and their role as the surface for coagulation leading to fibrin- and clot-formation. Importantly, the function of platelets does not end with clot formation. Instead, platelets are responsible for clot retraction through the concerted action of the activated αIIbβ3 receptors on the surface of filopodia and the platelet's contractile apparatus binding and pulling at the fibrin strands. Meanwhile, the signal transduction events leading to clot retraction have been investigated thoroughly, and several targets to inhibit clot retraction have been demonstrated. Clot retraction is a physiologically important mechanism allowing: (1) the close contact of platelets in primary hemostasis, easing platelet aggregation and intercellular communication, (2) the reduction of wound size, (3) the compaction of red blood cells to a polyhedrocyte infection-barrier, and (4) reperfusion in case of thrombosis. Several methods have been developed to measure clot retraction that have been based on either the measurement of clot volume or platelet forces. Concerning the importance of clot retraction in inborn diseases, the failure of clot retraction in Glanzmann thrombasthenia is characterized by a bleeding phenotype. Concerning acquired diseases, altered clot retraction has been demonstrated in patients with coronary heart disease, stroke, bronchial asthma, uremia, lupus erythematodes, and other diseases. However, more studies on the diagnostic and prognostic value of clot retraction with methods that have to be standardized are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E. Jansen
- Clinic for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Matthias Hartmann
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
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Bayarri MA, Milara J, Estornut C, Cortijo J. Nitric Oxide System and Bronchial Epithelium: More Than a Barrier. Front Physiol 2021; 12:687381. [PMID: 34276407 PMCID: PMC8279772 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.687381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelium forms a physical barrier that protects the lung from the entrance of inhaled allergens, irritants, or microorganisms. This epithelial structure is maintained by tight junctions, adherens junctions and desmosomes that prevent the diffusion of soluble mediators or proteins between apical and basolateral cell surfaces. This apical junctional complex also participates in several signaling pathways involved in gene expression, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. In addition, the airway epithelium can produce chemokines and cytokines that trigger the activation of the immune response. Disruption of this complex by some inflammatory, profibrotic, and carcinogens agents can provoke epithelial barrier dysfunction that not only contributes to an increase of viral and bacterial infection, but also alters the normal function of epithelial cells provoking several lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF) or lung cancer, among others. While nitric oxide (NO) molecular pathway has been linked with endothelial function, less is known about the role of the NO system on the bronchial epithelium and airway epithelial cells function in physiological and different pathologic scenarios. Several data indicate that the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is altered in lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, lung fibrosis, and cancer among others, and that reactive oxygen species mediate uncoupling NO to promote the increase of peroxynitrite levels, thus inducing bronchial epithelial barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, iNOS and the intracellular pathway sGC-cGMP-PKG are dysregulated in bronchial epithelial cells from patients with lung inflammation, fibrosis, and malignancies which represents an attractive drug molecular target. In this review we describe in detail current knowledge of the effect of NOS-NO-GC-cGMP-PKG pathway activation and disruption in bronchial epithelial cells barrier integrity and its contribution in different lung diseases, focusing on bronchial epithelial cell permeability, inflammation, transformation, migration, apoptosis/necrosis, and proliferation, as well as the specific NO molecular pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Amparo Bayarri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Milara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Estornut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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De Araújo JS, da Silva PB, Batista MM, Peres RB, Cardoso-Santos C, Kalejaiye TD, Munday JC, De Heuvel E, Sterk GJ, Augustyns K, Salado IG, Matheeussen A, De Esch I, De Koning HP, Leurs R, Maes L, Soeiro MDNC. Evaluation of phthalazinone phosphodiesterase inhibitors with improved activity and selectivity against Trypanosoma cruzi. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 75:958-967. [PMID: 31860098 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas' disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, needs urgent alternative therapeutic options as the treatments currently available display severe limitations, mainly related to efficacy and toxicity. OBJECTIVES As phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have been claimed as novel targets against T. cruzi, our aim was to evaluate the biological aspects of 12 new phthalazinone PDE inhibitors against different T. cruzi strains and parasite forms relevant for human infection. METHODS In vitro trypanocidal activity of the inhibitors was assessed alone and in combination with benznidazole. Their effects on parasite ultrastructural and cAMP levels were determined. PDE mRNA levels from the different T. cruzi forms were measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. RESULTS Five TcrPDEs were found to be expressed in all parasite stages. Four compounds displayed strong effects against intracellular amastigotes. Against bloodstream trypomastigotes (BTs), three were at least as potent as benznidazole. In vitro combination therapy with one of the most active inhibitors on both parasite forms (NPD-040) plus benznidazole demonstrated a quite synergistic profile (xΣ FICI = 0.58) against intracellular amastigotes but no interaction (xΣ FICI = 1.27) when BTs were assayed. BTs treated with NPD-040 presented disrupted Golgi apparatus, a swollen flagellar pocket and signs of autophagy. cAMP measurements of untreated parasites showed that amastigotes have higher ability to efflux this second messenger than BTs. NPD-001 and NPD-040 increase the intracellular cAMP content in both BTs and amastigotes, which is also released into the extracellular milieu. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate the potential of PDE inhibitors as anti-T. cruzi drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcos Meuser Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raiza Brandão Peres
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Cardoso-Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Titilola D Kalejaiye
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jane C Munday
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Erik De Heuvel
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Sterk
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Irene G Salado
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Matheeussen
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Iwan De Esch
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry P De Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rob Leurs
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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11
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Development of Phosphodiesterase-Protein-Kinase Complexes as Novel Targets for Discovery of Inhibitors with Enhanced Specificity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105242. [PMID: 34063491 PMCID: PMC8156604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to modulate multiple signaling events in cells. PDEs are recognized to actively associate with cyclic nucleotide receptors (protein kinases, PKs) in larger macromolecular assemblies referred to as signalosomes. Complexation of PDEs with PKs generates an expanded active site that enhances PDE activity. This facilitates signalosome-associated PDEs to preferentially catalyze active hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides bound to PKs and aid in signal termination. PDEs are important drug targets, and current strategies for inhibitor discovery are based entirely on targeting conserved PDE catalytic domains. This often results in inhibitors with cross-reactivity amongst closely related PDEs and attendant unwanted side effects. Here, our approach targeted PDE–PK complexes as they would occur in signalosomes, thereby offering greater specificity. Our developed fluorescence polarization assay was adapted to identify inhibitors that block cyclic nucleotide pockets in PDE–PK complexes in one mode and disrupt protein-protein interactions between PDEs and PKs in a second mode. We tested this approach with three different systems—cAMP-specific PDE8–PKAR, cGMP-specific PDE5–PKG, and dual-specificity RegA–RD complexes—and ranked inhibitors according to their inhibition potency. Targeting PDE–PK complexes offers biochemical tools for describing the exquisite specificity of cyclic nucleotide signaling networks in cells.
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12
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Mali DP, Gaikwad DT, Bhatia MS, Bhatia NM. Discovery of pyridoindole derivatives as potential inhibitors for phosphodiesterase 5A: in silico and in vivo studies. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2767-2776. [PMID: 33980094 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1925274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to synthesise derivatives from identified plant based pyridoindole lead scaffold, and to assess phosphodiesterase 5A inhibitory potential by in silico and in vivo. Pyridoindole derivatives were synthesised by using six-stage reactor. In silico screening was carried out by grip-based docking methodology. In step-I, tryptophan as a starting material was reacted with different aldehydes and ketones to obtain 11 molecules. In step-II, obtained molecules were reacted with ethanol and benzyl alcohols to obtain D1 to D22 derivatives. In silico investigation resulted in best three molecules D12, D4 and D8 with promising BE score. Oral acute toxicity study of selected molecules resulted in LD50 value 500 mg/kg in rats. The result of in vivo antihypertensive study shown that molecule D12 was found to be the best antihypertensive lead molecule. This study could be a best platform to tailor novel biomolecules for inhibiting phosphodiesterase 5A enzyme in hypertension management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak P Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dinanath T Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manish S Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neela M Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
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13
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Functional modulation of phosphodiesterase-6 by calcium in mouse rod photoreceptors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8938. [PMID: 33903621 PMCID: PMC8076185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase-6 (PDE6) is a key protein in the G-protein cascade converting photon information to bioelectrical signals in vertebrate photoreceptor cells. Here, we demonstrate that PDE6 is regulated by calcium, contrary to the common view that PDE1 is the unique PDE class whose activity is modulated by intracellular Ca2+. To broaden the operating range of photoreceptors, mammalian rod photoresponse recovery is accelerated mainly by two calcium sensor proteins: recoverin, modulating the lifetime of activated rhodopsin, and guanylate cyclase-activating proteins (GCAPs), regulating the cGMP synthesis. We found that decreasing rod intracellular Ca2+ concentration accelerates the flash response recovery and increases the basal PDE6 activity (βdark) maximally by ~ 30% when recording local electroretinography across the rod outer segment layer from GCAPs-/- recoverin-/- mice. Our modeling shows that a similar elevation in βdark can fully explain the observed acceleration of flash response recovery in low Ca2+. Additionally, a reduction of the free Ca2+ in GCAPs-/- recoverin-/- rods shifted the inhibition constants of competitive PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) against the thermally activated and light-activated forms of PDE6 to opposite directions, indicating a complex interaction between IBMX, PDE6, and calcium. The discovered regulation of PDE6 is a previously unknown mechanism in the Ca2+-mediated modulation of rod light sensitivity.
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14
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Wang J, Wang J, Shen T, Hong R, Tang S, Zhao X. H 2 S catalysed by CBS regulates testosterone synthesis through affecting the sulfhydrylation of PDE. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3460-3468. [PMID: 33713531 PMCID: PMC8034449 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency resulted in increased mortality in men. Our previous work found that hydrogen sulphide (H2S) significantly alleviated the spermatogenesis disorder. To investigate whether H2S could regulate testosterone synthesis and the relative signalling pathways. Disorder model of testosterone synthesis was constructed in vitro and in vivo. The cell viability was detected using CCK‐8 method. The concentration of H2S and testosterone were examined using ELISA kits. The relative mRNA and protein expression of CBS, PDE4A, PDE8A and proteins related to testosterone synthesis were detected by RT‐qPCR and western blotting. PAS staining was used to detect the inflammatory status of testis. The sulfhydryl level of PDE4A and PDE8A was determined by Biotin Switch Technique. CBS overexpression inhibited while knockdown promoted LPS + H2O2 induced injury in testosterone synthesis of MLTC‐1 cells, though regulating the level of H2S. The LPS + H2O2 induced inhibition on cAMP and p‐PKA was recovered by CBS overexpression, while addition of the specific inhibitor of PKA had opposite effects. CBS overexpression alleviated the inflammation status in testis and promoted the expression of StAR, P450scc, P450c17 and 3β‐HSD. CBS could also exhibit its protective role through promoting sulfhydrylation of PDE4A and PDE8A. H2S catalysed by CBS could recover testosterone synthesis in vitro and in vivo through inhibiting PDE expression via sulfhydryl modification and activating cAMP/PKA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renyun Hong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Tang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Ribaudo G, Memo M, Gianoncelli A. A Perspective on Natural and Nature-Inspired Small Molecules Targeting Phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9): Chances and Challenges against Neurodegeneration. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010058. [PMID: 33451065 PMCID: PMC7828511 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As life expectancy increases, dementia affects a growing number of people worldwide. Besides current treatments, phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) represents an alternative target for developing innovative small molecules to contrast neurodegeneration. PDE inhibition promotes neurotransmitter release, amelioration of microvascular dysfunction, and neuronal plasticity. This review will provide an update on natural and nature-inspired PDE9 inhibitors, with a focus on the structural features of PDE9 that encourage the development of isoform-selective ligands. The expression in the brain, the presence within its structure of a peculiar accessory pocket, the asymmetry between the two subunits composing the protein dimer, and the selectivity towards chiral species make PDE9 a suitable target to develop specific inhibitors. Additionally, the world of natural compounds is an ideal source for identifying novel, possibly asymmetric, scaffolds, and xanthines, flavonoids, neolignans, and their derivatives are currently being studied. In this review, the available literature data were interpreted and clarified, from a structural point of view, taking advantage of molecular modeling: 3D structures of ligand-target complexes were retrieved, or built, and discussed.
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16
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Legeay S, Trân K, Abatuci Y, Justiniano H, Lugnier C, Duval O, Helesbeux JJ, Faure S. Design, Synthesis, Pharmacological Evaluation and Vascular Effects of Delphinidin Analogues. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5580-5589. [PMID: 30727871 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190206144913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among polyphenolic compounds suggested to prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and to explain the "French paradox", the anthocyanidin delphinidin (Dp) has been reported to support at least partly the vascular beneficial effects of dietary polyphenolic compounds including those from fruits and related products as red wine. It has also been highlighted that Dp interacts directly with the active site of estrogen receptor α (ERα), leading to activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) pathway thus contributing to the prevention of endothelial dysfunction in mice aorta. However, anthocyanidins have very low bioavailability and despite a well described in vitro efficacy, the very high hydrophilicity and physicochemical instability of Dp might explain the lack of in vivo reported effects. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify new Dp analogues with increased lipophilicity and vasorelaxation potential by a chemical modulation of its structure and to characterize the signaling pathway notably in relation with ERα signaling and nitric oxide (NO) production. METHOD OCH3-substituted delphinidin analogues were obtained through the coupling of the corresponding acetophenones with substituted benzaldehydes. Prediction of resorption of the flavylium derivatives was performed with the calculated logP and induction of vasorelaxation was performed by myography on WT and ERαKO mice thoracic aorta rings and compared to Dp. NO production was evaluated in vitro on human primary endothelial cells. RESULTS Eight Dp analogues were synthesized including four new flavylium derivatives. Two compounds (9 and 11) showed a strong increase of vasorelaxation potential and a theoretically increased bioavailability compared to Dp. Interestingly, 9 and 11 induced increased O2 - or NO endothelial production respectively and revealed a novel NO-dependent ERα-independent relaxation compared to Dp. We suggested that this mechanism may be at least in part supported by the inhibition of vascular cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDEs). CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated that pharmacomodulation of the Dp backbone by replacement of OH groups by OCH3 groups of the A and B rings led to the identification and characterization of two compounds (9 and 11) with enhanced physio-chemical properties that could be associated to higher permeability capability and pharmacological activity for the prevention of CVDs compared to Dp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Legeay
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, IRIS-IBS-CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Kien Trân
- SONAS, EA921, UNIV Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dpt Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045 Angers cedex 01, France
| | - Yannick Abatuci
- SONAS, EA921, UNIV Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dpt Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045 Angers cedex 01, France
| | - Hélène Justiniano
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et de Pharmacologie, CNRS UMR 7213, Universite de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Claire Lugnier
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et de Pharmacologie, CNRS UMR 7213, Universite de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Olivier Duval
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, IRIS-IBS-CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Helesbeux
- SONAS, EA921, UNIV Angers, SFR QUASAV, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dpt Pharmacy, 16 Bd Daviers, 49045 Angers cedex 01, France
| | - Sébastien Faure
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, IRIS-IBS-CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49100, Angers, France
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17
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Lee SH, Ok SH, Kim JY, Subbarao RB, Bae SI, Hwang Y, Park KE, Kim JW, Sohn JT. Linolenic Acid Attenuates the Vasodilation Induced by Acetylcholine in Isolated Rat Aortae. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819894148. [PMID: 31839761 PMCID: PMC6902396 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819894148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of linolenic acid on the vasodilation or vasoconstriction induced by acetylcholine and bupivacaine in isolated rat aortae and its underlying mechanism. The effect of linolenic acid on the vasodilation induced by acetylcholine, the calcium ionophore A23187, sodium nitroprusside, and 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate [bromo-cGMP]) in endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortae was examined. Linolenic acid inhibited vasodilation induced by acetylcholine, calcium ionophore A23187, and sodium nitroprusside. However, this fatty acid increased bromo-cGMP-induced vasodilation in endothelium-denuded aortae. Linolenic acid increased bupivacaine-induced contraction in endothelium-intact aortae, whereas it decreased bupivacaine-induced contraction in endothelium-intact aortae with Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester and endothelium-denuded aortae. Linolenic acid inhibited acetylcholine- and bupivacaine-induced phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Sodium nitroprusside increased cGMP in endothelium-denuded aortic strips, whereas bupivacaine decreased cGMP in endothelium-intact aortic strips. Linolenic acid decreased cGMP levels produced by bupivacaine and sodium nitroprusside. Together, these results suggest that linolenic acid inhibits acetylcholine-induced relaxation by inhibiting a step just prior to nitric oxide-induced cGMP formation. In addition, linolenic acid-mediated inhibition of vasodilation induced by a toxic concentration (3 × 10-4 M) of bupivacaine seems to be partially associated with inhibition of the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hee Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Ok
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Raghavendra Baregundi Subbarao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeran Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Eon Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Tae Sohn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
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18
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Nabavi SM, Talarek S, Listos J, Nabavi SF, Devi KP, Roberto de Oliveira M, Tewari D, Argüelles S, Mehrzadi S, Hosseinzadeh A, D'onofrio G, Orhan IE, Sureda A, Xu S, Momtaz S, Farzaei MH. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors say NO to Alzheimer's disease. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110822. [PMID: 31536753 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) consisted of 11 subtypes (PDE1 to PDE11) and over 40 isoforms that regulate levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the second messengers in cell functions. PDE inhibitors (PDEIs) have been attractive therapeutic targets due to their involvement in diverse medical conditions, e.g. cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD), etc. Among them; AD with a complex pathology is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affect mostly senile people in the world and only symptomatic treatment particularly using cholinesterase inhibitors in clinic is available at the moment for AD. Consequently, novel treatment strategies towards AD are still searched extensively. Since PDEs are broadly expressed in the brain, PDEIs are considered to modulate neurodegenerative conditions through regulating cAMP and cGMP in the brain. In this sense, several synthetic or natural molecules inhibiting various PDE subtypes such as rolipram and roflumilast (PDE4 inhibitors), vinpocetine (PDE1 inhibitor), cilostazol and milrinone (PDE3 inhibitors), sildenafil and tadalafil (PDE5 inhibitors), etc have been reported showing encouraging results for the treatment of AD. In this review, PDE superfamily will be scrutinized from the view point of structural features, isoforms, functions and pharmacology particularly attributed to PDEs as target for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sylwia Talarek
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Listos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química (DQ), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil.
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Sandro Argüelles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Grazia D'onofrio
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy.
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
| | - Saeedeh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Cazzola M, Calzetta L, Rogliani P, Matera MG. Ensifentrine (RPL554): an investigational PDE3/4 inhibitor for the treatment of COPD. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:827-833. [PMID: 31474120 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1661990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: A compound that simultaneously inhibits PDE3 and PDE4 should increase airway caliber by relaxing the smooth muscle and, simultaneously, suppress airway inflammatory responses. Ensifentrine (RPL554) is considered a PDE3/4 inhibitor, although its affinity for PDE3 is 3,440 times higher than that for PDE4, that is under clinical development for the treatment of asthma and COPD and, potentially, cystic fibrosis. Areas covered: We analyze the development of this molecule from its basic pharmacology to the present clinical Phase II studies. Expert opinion: Ensifentrine is an interesting drug but there is a lack of solid studies that still does not allow us to correctly allocate this molecule in the current COPD and even asthma therapeutic armamentarium. Furthermore, apparently ensifentrine has not yet entered Phase III clinical development and, in any case, there is no reliable evidence of its ability to elicit an anti-inflammatory activity in patients with COPD or asthma. Therefore, the real anti-inflammatory profile of ensifentrine must be clarified with new studies of basic pharmacology and adequate clinical studies specifically designed. However, at present the most intriguing perspective is linked to its possible use in the treatment of cystic fibrosis, also considering the lack of valid therapeutic options for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cazzola
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Dept. Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Luigino Calzetta
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Dept. Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Dept. Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Unit of Pharmacology, Dept. Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
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20
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Rottlerin is a pan phosphodiesterase inhibitor and can induce neurodifferentiation in IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 857:172448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Mali DP, Bhatia NM. Hetero-Tricyclic Lead Scaffold as Novel PDE5A Inhibitor for Antihypertensive Activity: In Silico Docking Studies. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 15:318-333. [DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666190214161221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To screen the phytochemicals for phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) inhibitory potential and identify lead scaffolds of antihypertensive phytochemicals using in silico docking studies.Methods:In this perspective, reported 269 antihypertensive phytochemicals were selected. Sildenafil, a PDE5A inhibitor was used as the standard. In silico docking study was carried out to screen and identify the inhibiting potential of the selected phytochemicals against PDE5A enzyme using vLife MDS 4.4 software.Results:Based on docking score, π-stacking, H-bond and ionic interactions, 237 out of 269 molecules were selected which have shown one or more interactions. Protein residue Gln817A was involved in H-boding whereas Val782A, Phe820A and Leu804A were involved in π-stacking interaction with ligand. The selected 237 phytochemicals were structurally diverse, therefore 82 out of 237 molecules with one or more tricycles were filtered out for further analysis. Amongst tricyclic molecules, 14 molecules containing nitrogen heteroatom were selected for lead scaffold identification which finally resulted in three different basic chemical backbones like pyridoindole, tetrahydro-pyridonaphthyridine and dihydro-pyridoquinazoline as lead scaffolds.Conclusion:In silico docking studies revealed that nitrogen-containing tetrahydro-pyridonaphthyridine and dihydro-pyridoquinazoline tricyclic lead scaffolds have emerged as novel PDE5A inhibitors for antihypertensive activity. The identified lead scaffolds may provide antihypertensive lead molecules after its optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak P. Mali
- Department of Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, 416013, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neela M. Bhatia
- Department of Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, 416013, Maharashtra, India
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22
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Ongaro A, Zagotto G, Memo M, Gianoncelli A, Ribaudo G. Natural phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors: a computational approach. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1648-1653. [PMID: 31140295 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1619726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In 1998, sildenafil was marketed as the first FDA-approved oral drug for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). During the last two decades, the commercialization of other synthetic phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors has been paralleled by the rise of remedies based on natural molecules from different chemical classes (flavonoids, polyphenols and alkaloids in general). In this work, a set of in silico tools were applied to study a panel of 30 natural compounds claimed to be effective against ED in the scientific literature or in folk medicine. First, pharmacokinetic properties were analysed to exclude the compounds lacking in specific drug-like features. Estimated binding energy for PDE5 and selectivity towards other PDE isoforms were then considered to highlight some promising molecules. Finally, a detailed structural investigation of the interaction pattern with PDE in comparison with sildenafil was conducted for the best performing compound of the set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ongaro
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Mali DP, Bhatia NM. Discovery of two novel hetero-tricyclic lead scaffolds as PDE5A inhibitor: virtual screening, molecular docking and pharmacophore modeling approach. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:92-98. [PMID: 31137981 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1614582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 5A enzyme has been the upcoming and promising target in hypertension management. In this research, reported 270 bioactive natural products having antihypertensive potential were selected and docked against PDE5A using vLife MDS 4.6 software. Based on docking score, π-stacking, H-bond and ionic interactions with PDE5A, 82 tricyclic compounds were selected for further study. Protein residue Gln817A was associated in H-boding, Leu804A in ionic interaction whereas Val782A and Phe820A were associated in π-stacking interaction with ligand. In silico docking studies resulted in discovery of oxygen containing naphthofuran and nitrogen and oxygen containing pyrano quinolizine tricyclic lead scaffolds as novel PDE5A inhibitors. Additionally, developed pharmacophore model suggested that one centre of hydrogen bond acceptor, one aromatic centre and two aliphatic centres are minimum pharmacophoric features required in the molecule so as to show sildenafil like activity. The identified lead scaffolds would provide novel platform for drug discovery of bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Pralhad Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, India
| | - Neela Manish Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, India
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Abegaz BM, Kinfe HH. Secondary metabolites, their structural diversity, bioactivity, and ecological functions: An overview. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2018-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Natural products are also called secondary metabolites to distinguish them from the primary metabolites, i.e. those natural compounds like glucose, amino acids, etc. that are present in every living cell and are used and required in the essential life processes of cells. Natural products are classified according to their metabolic building blocks into alkaloids, fatty acids, polyketides, phenyl propanoids and aromatic polyketides, and terpenoids. The structural diversity of natural products is explored using the scaffold approach focusing on the characteristic carbon frameworks. Aside from discussing specific alkaloids that are either pharmacologically (e.g. boldine, berberine, galantamine, etc.) or historically (caffeine, atropine, lobeline, etc.) important alkaloids, a single chart is presented which shows the typical scaffolds of the most important subclasses of alkaloids. How certain classes of natural products are formed in nature from simple biochemical ‘building blocks’ are shown using graphical schemes. This has been done for a typical tetra-ketide (6-methylsalicylic acid) from acetyl coenzyme A, or in general to all the major subclasses of terpenes. An important aspect of understanding the structural diversity of natural products is to recognize how some compounds can be visualized as key intermediates for enzyme mediated transformation to several other related structures. This is seen in the case of how arachidonic acid can transform into prostaglandins, or geranyl diphosphate to various monoterpenes, or squalene epoxide to various pentacyclic triterpenes, or cholesterol transforming to sex hormones, bile acids and the cardioactive cardenolides and bufadienolides. These are presented in carefully designed schemes and charts that are appropriately placed in the relevant sections of the narrative texts. The ecological functions and pharmacological properties of natural products are also presented showing wherever possible how the chemical scaffolds have led to developing drugs as well as commercial products like sweeteners.
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Sengupta S, Mehta G. Natural products as modulators of the cyclic-AMP pathway: evaluation and synthesis of lead compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:6372-6390. [PMID: 30140804 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01388h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is now well recognized that the normal cellular response in mammalian cells is critically regulated by the cyclic-AMP (cAMP) pathway through the appropriate balance of adenylyl cyclase (AC) and phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) activities. Dysfunctions in the cAMP pathway have major implications in various diseases like CNS disorders, inflammation and cardiac syndromes and, hence, the modulation of cAMP signalling through appropriate intervention of AC/PDE4 activities has emerged as a promising new drug discovery strategy of current interest. In this context, synthetic small molecules have had limited success so far and therefore parallel efforts on natural product leads have been actively pursued. The early promise of using the diterpene forskolin and its semi-synthetic analogs as AC activators has given way to new leads in the last decade from novel natural products like the marine sesterterpenoids alotaketals and ansellones and the 9,9'-diarylfluorenone cored selaginpulvilins, etc. and their synthesis has drawn much attention. This review captures these contemporary developments, particularly total synthesis campaigns and structure-guided analog design in the context of AC and PDE-4 modulating attributes and the scope for future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumitra Sengupta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad - 5000 046, Telengana, India.
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Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Burgos-Edwards A, Theoduloz C, Jiménez-Aspee F, Vargas-Arana G. Male sexual enhancers from the Peruvian Amazon. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 229:167-179. [PMID: 30339977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Selected Peruvian Amazon plants are macerated into sugar cane distillates to prepare alcoholic beverages used to improve male sexual performance. The tree bark from Campsiandra angustifolia Spruce ex Benth (Fabaceae), Swartzia polyphylla DC (Fabaceae), Minquartia guianensis Aubl. (Olacaceae) and Thynantus panurensis (Bureau) Sandwith (Bignoniaceae) usually are used as crude drugs in mixtures of several ingredients. AIM OF STUDY Describe the chemical composition of the most traded traditional male enhancer beverages, namely "Levántate Lazaro" and "Siete veces sin sacarla", and their single crude drug constituents, as well as their inhibitory activity towards the enzyme phosphodiesterase-5. The presence of pro-sexual drugs such as Sildenafil® and derivatives was assessed in the samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single plant constituents and the preparation mixtures were purchased in the Mercado Belen (Iquitos, Peru). Chemical profiling was carried out by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. The extracts were assessed for phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition. The occurrence of pro-sexual drugs was determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. RESULTS Chemical profiling allowed the identification of condensed tannins as the main constituents of C. angustifolia and S. polyphylla, hydrolysable tannins for M. guianensis, and C-glycosides for T. panurensis. The traditional preparations showed similar composition compared to the crude drugs. At 200 µg/mL, the traditional preparation "Levántate Lázaro" and "Siete veces sin sacarla" inhibited the phosphodiesterase-5 by 49.88% and 27.90%, respectively. No adulterations with pro-sexual drugs were found in the samples. From the crude drugs, low effect was found for the extracts of S. polyphylla and T. panurensis and high activity for C. angustifolia which inhibited the enzyme by 89.37% and 81.32% at 200 and 100 µg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION The traditional preparations used to improve sexual performance in the Peruvian Amazon showed activity as phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. The most active ingredient of the traditional preparations was C. angustifolia, with some contribution from T. panurensis. These results encourage additional studies, including animal models to confirm the male enhancer effect of the preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Programa de Investigación de Excelencia Interdisciplinaria en Química y Bio-orgánica de Recursos Naturales (PIEI-QUIM-BIO), Universidad de Talca, Chile.
| | - Alberto Burgos-Edwards
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Programa de Investigación de Excelencia Interdisciplinaria en Química y Bio-orgánica de Recursos Naturales (PIEI-QUIM-BIO), Universidad de Talca, Chile; Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Felipe Jiménez-Aspee
- Programa de Investigación de Excelencia Interdisciplinaria en Química y Bio-orgánica de Recursos Naturales (PIEI-QUIM-BIO), Universidad de Talca, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Dirección de Investigación, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Gabriel Vargas-Arana
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - IIAP, Head, Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Peru
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Yu AK, Datta S, McMackin MZ, Cortopassi GA. Rescue of cell death and inflammation of a mouse model of complex 1-mediated vision loss by repurposed drug molecules. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:4929-4936. [PMID: 29040550 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited mitochondrial optic neuropathies, such as Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA) are caused by mutant mitochondrial proteins that lead to defects in mitochondrial complex 1-driven ATP synthesis, and cause specific retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Complex 1 defects also occur in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), in which there is specific RGC loss. The treatment of mitochondrial optic neuropathy in the US is only supportive. The Ndufs4 knockout (Ndufs4 KO) mouse is a mitochondrial complex 1-deficient model that leads to RGC loss and rapid vision loss and allows for streamlined testing of potential therapeutics. Preceding RGC loss in the Ndufs4 KO is the loss of starburst amacrine cells, which may be an important target in the mechanism of complex 1-deficient vision loss. Papaverine and zolpidem were recently shown to be protective of bioenergetic loss in cell models of optic neuropathy. Treatment of Ndufs4 KO mice with papaverine, zolpidem, and rapamycin-suppressed inflammation, prevented cell death, and protected from vision loss. Thus, in the Ndufs4 KO mouse model of mitochondrial optic neuropathy, papaverine and zolpidem provided significant protection from multiple pathophysiological features, and as approved drugs in wide human use could be considered for the novel indication of human optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred K Yu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sandipan Datta
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Marissa Z McMackin
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gino A Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Zhou H, Wang J, Zhu P, Hu S, Ren J. Ripk3 regulates cardiac microvascular reperfusion injury: The role of IP3R-dependent calcium overload, XO-mediated oxidative stress and F-action/filopodia-based cellular migration. Cell Signal 2018; 45:12-22. [PMID: 29413844 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ripk3-mediated cellular apoptosis is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the mechanisms by which Ripk3 influences microvascular homeostasis and endothelial apoptosis are not completely understood. In this study, loss of Ripk3 inhibited endothelial apoptosis, alleviated luminal swelling, maintained microvasculature patency, reduced the expression of adhesion molecules and limited the myocardial inflammatory response. In vitro, Ripk3 deficiency protected endothelial cells from apoptosis and migratory arrest induced by HR injury. Mechanistically, Ripk3 had the ability to migrate onto the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to ER damage, as evidenced by increased IP3R and XO expression. The higher IP3R content was associated with cellular calcium overload, and increased XO expression was involved in cellular oxidative injury. Furthermore, IP3R-mediated calcium overload and XO-dependent oxidative damage were able to initiate cellular apoptosis. More importantly, IP3R and XO also caused F-actin degradation into G-actin via post-transcriptional modification of cofilin, impairing the formation of the filopodia and limiting the migratory response of endothelial cells. Altogether, our data confirmed that Ripk3 was involved in microvascular IR injury via regulation of IP3R-mediated calcium overload, XO-dependent oxidative damage and filopodia-related cellular migration, ultimately leading to endothelial apoptosis and migratory inhibition. These findings provide a potential target for treating cardiac microcirculatory IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Wyoming University, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Jin Wang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Pingjun Zhu
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shunying Hu
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, Wyoming University, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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