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Bian L, Wu Y, Wu J, Zhao P, Zhao X. Ectoderm mesenchymal stem cells promote osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by targeting sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1293-1302. [PMID: 36456772 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their high repair capability, bone defects still present a major challenge in orthopedic tissue engineering. Osteoblast differentiation is central to the treatment of bone defects. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used nasal mucosal-derived ectoderm mesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) to promote osteogenic differentiation by co-culturing MC3T3-E1 cells. Our results showed that MC3T3-E1/EMSCs co-culture upregulated bone-related proteins and transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bone nodule formation relative to controls. Furthermore, our results showed that EMSC-derived sonic hedgehog (Shh) accounted for the enhanced MC3T3-E1 differentiation because inhibiting Shh signaling substantially reduced osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSION Altogether, these results suggest that EMSCs differentiated into osteoblast cells and supported MC3T3-E1 differentiation. Thus, EMSCs may be a promising cell source for treating bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bian
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - YiQing Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xijiang Zhao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.
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2
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Sandoval L, Labarca M, Retamal C, Sánchez P, Larraín J, González A. Sonic hedgehog is basolaterally sorted from the TGN and transcytosed to the apical domain involving Dispatched-1 at Rab11-ARE. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:833175. [PMID: 36568977 PMCID: PMC9768590 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.833175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog proteins (Hhs) secretion from apical and/or basolateral domains occurs in different epithelial cells impacting development and tissue homeostasis. Palmitoylation and cholesteroylation attach Hhs to membranes, and Dispatched-1 (Disp-1) promotes their release. How these lipidated proteins are handled by the complex secretory and endocytic pathways of polarized epithelial cells remains unknown. We show that polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells address newly synthesized sonic hedgehog (Shh) from the TGN to the basolateral cell surface and then to the apical domain through a transcytosis pathway that includes Rab11-apical recycling endosomes (Rab11-ARE). Both palmitoylation and cholesteroylation contribute to this sorting behavior, otherwise Shh lacking these lipid modifications is secreted unpolarized. Disp-1 mediates first basolateral secretion from the TGN and then transcytosis from Rab11-ARE. At the steady state, Shh predominates apically and can be basolaterally transcytosed. This Shh trafficking provides several steps for regulation and variation in different epithelia, subordinating the apical to the basolateral secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Sandoval
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Labarca
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Retamal
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Sánchez
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Larraín
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso González
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile,Centro Ciencia y Vida, Fundación Ciencia para la Vida, Santiago, Chile,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: Alfonso González,
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3
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Schonbrun AR, Resh MD. Hedgehog acyltransferase catalyzes a random sequential reaction and utilizes multiple fatty acyl-CoA substrates. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102422. [PMID: 36030053 PMCID: PMC9513256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is a key component of embryonic development and is a driving force in several cancers. Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat), a member of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase family of enzymes, catalyzes the attachment of palmitate to the N-terminal cysteine of Shh, a posttranslation modification critical for Shh signaling. The activity of Hhat has been assayed in cells and in vitro, and cryo-EM structures of Hhat have been reported, yet several unanswered questions remain regarding the enzyme’s reaction mechanism, substrate specificity, and the impact of the latter on Shh signaling. Here, we present an in vitro acylation assay with purified Hhat that directly monitors attachment of a fluorescently tagged fatty acyl chain to Shh. Our kinetic analyses revealed that the reaction catalyzed by Hhat proceeds through a random sequential mechanism. We also determined that Hhat can utilize multiple fatty acyl-CoA substrates for fatty acid transfer to Shh, with comparable affinities and turnover rates for myristoyl-CoA, palmitoyl-CoA, palmitoleoyl-CoA, and oleoyl-CoA. Furthermore, we investigated the functional consequence of differential fatty acylation of Shh in a luciferase-based Shh reporter system. We found that the potency of the signaling response in cells was higher for Shh acylated with saturated fatty acids compared to monounsaturated fatty acids. These findings demonstrate that Hhat can attach fatty acids other than palmitate to Shh and suggest that heterogeneous fatty acylation has the potential to impact Shh signaling in the developing embryo and/or cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina R Schonbrun
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School
| | - Marilyn D Resh
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School; Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY.
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4
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Daly CA, Hall ET, Ogden SK. Regulatory mechanisms of cytoneme-based morphogen transport. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:119. [PMID: 35119540 PMCID: PMC8816744 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
During development and tissue homeostasis, cells must communicate with their neighbors to ensure coordinated responses to instructional cues. Cues such as morphogens and growth factors signal at both short and long ranges in temporal- and tissue-specific manners to guide cell fate determination, provide positional information, and to activate growth and survival responses. The precise mechanisms by which such signals traverse the extracellular environment to ensure reliable delivery to their intended cellular targets are not yet clear. One model for how this occurs suggests that specialized filopodia called cytonemes extend between signal-producing and -receiving cells to function as membrane-bound highways along which information flows. A growing body of evidence supports a crucial role for cytonemes in cell-to-cell communication. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms by which cytonemes are initiated, how they grow, and how they deliver specific signals are only starting to be revealed. Herein, we discuss recent advances toward improved understanding of cytoneme biology. We discuss similarities and differences between cytonemes and other types of cellular extensions, summarize what is known about how they originate, and discuss molecular mechanisms by which their activity may be controlled in development and tissue homeostasis. We conclude by highlighting important open questions regarding cytoneme biology, and comment on how a clear understanding of their function may provide opportunities for treating or preventing disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Daly
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl. MS340, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
- St. Jude Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, MS 1500, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Eric T Hall
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl. MS340, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Stacey K Ogden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl. MS340, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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5
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Coupland CE, Andrei SA, Ansell TB, Carrique L, Kumar P, Sefer L, Schwab RA, Byrne EFX, Pardon E, Steyaert J, Magee AI, Lanyon-Hogg T, Sansom MSP, Tate EW, Siebold C. Structure, mechanism, and inhibition of Hedgehog acyltransferase. Mol Cell 2021; 81:5025-5038.e10. [PMID: 34890564 PMCID: PMC8693861 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) morphogen pathway is fundamental for embryonic development and stem cell maintenance and is implicated in various cancers. A key step in signaling is transfer of a palmitate group to the SHH N terminus, catalyzed by the multi-pass transmembrane enzyme Hedgehog acyltransferase (HHAT). We present the high-resolution cryo-EM structure of HHAT bound to substrate analog palmityl-coenzyme A and a SHH-mimetic megabody, revealing a heme group bound to HHAT that is essential for HHAT function. A structure of HHAT bound to potent small-molecule inhibitor IMP-1575 revealed conformational changes in the active site that occlude substrate binding. Our multidisciplinary analysis provides a detailed view of the mechanism by which HHAT adapts the membrane environment to transfer an acyl chain across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. This structure of a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) superfamily member provides a blueprint for other protein-substrate MBOATs and a template for future drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Coupland
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Sebastian A Andrei
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - T Bertie Ansell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Loic Carrique
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Lea Sefer
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Rebekka A Schwab
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Eamon F X Byrne
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Els Pardon
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut Biotechnologie (VIB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut Biotechnologie (VIB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anthony I Magee
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Thomas Lanyon-Hogg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Mark S P Sansom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Christian Siebold
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
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6
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Resh MD. Palmitoylation of Hedgehog proteins by Hedgehog acyltransferase: roles in signalling and disease. Open Biol 2021; 11:200414. [PMID: 33653085 PMCID: PMC8061759 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat), a member of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) family, catalyses the covalent attachment of palmitate to the N-terminus of Hedgehog proteins. Palmitoylation is a post-translational modification essential for Hedgehog signalling. This review explores the mechanisms involved in Hhat acyltransferase enzymatic activity, similarities and differences between Hhat and other MBOAT enzymes, and the role of palmitoylation in Hedgehog signalling. In vitro and cell-based assays for Hhat activity have been developed, and residues within Hhat and Hedgehog essential for palmitoylation have been identified. In cells, Hhat promotes the transfer of palmitoyl-CoA from the cytoplasmic to the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, where Shh palmitoylation occurs. Palmitoylation is required for efficient delivery of secreted Hedgehog to its receptor Patched1, as well as for the deactivation of Patched1, which initiates the downstream Hedgehog signalling pathway. While Hhat loss is lethal during embryogenesis, mutations in Hhat have been linked to disease states or abnormalities in mice and humans. In adults, aberrant re-expression of Hedgehog ligands promotes tumorigenesis in an Hhat-dependent manner in a variety of different cancers, including pancreatic, breast and lung. Targeting hedgehog palmitoylation by inhibition of Hhat is thus a promising, potential intervention in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn D Resh
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 143, New York, NY 10065, USA
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7
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Garcia-Lopez J, Kumar R, Smith KS, Northcott PA. Deconstructing Sonic Hedgehog Medulloblastoma: Molecular Subtypes, Drivers, and Beyond. Trends Genet 2020; 37:235-250. [PMID: 33272592 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a highly malignant cerebellar tumor predominantly diagnosed during childhood. Driven by pathogenic activation of sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling, SHH subgroup MB (SHH-MB) accounts for nearly one-third of diagnoses. Extensive molecular analyses have identified biologically and clinically relevant intertumoral heterogeneity among SHH-MB tumors, prompting the recognition of novel subtypes. Beyond germline and somatic mutations promoting constitutive SHH signaling, driver alterations affect a multitude of pathways and molecular processes, including TP53 signaling, chromatin modulation, and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Here, we review recent advances in the underpinnings of SHH-MB in the context of molecular subtypes, clarify novel somatic and germline drivers, highlight cellular origins and developmental hierarchies, and describe the composition of the tumor microenvironment and its putative role in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Garcia-Lopez
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kyle S Smith
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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8
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Review: Histotrophic nutrition and the placental-endometrial dialogue during human early pregnancy. Placenta 2020; 102:21-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Matusek T, Marcetteau J, Thérond PP. Functions of Wnt and Hedgehog-containing extracellular vesicles in development and disease. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/18/jcs209742. [PMID: 32989011 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted morphogens play a major role in the intercellular communication necessary for animal development. It was initially thought that, in order to organize tissue morphogenesis and control cell fate and proliferation, morphogens diffused freely in the extracellular space. This view has since changed following the discovery that morphogens of the Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh) families are modified by various lipid adducts during their biosynthesis, providing them with high affinity for the membrane bilayer. Recent work performed in model organisms suggests that Wnt and Hh proteins are carried on extracellular vesicles. In this Review, we provide our perspectives on the mechanisms of formation of Wnt- and Hh-containing extracellular vesicles, and discuss their functions during animal development, as well as in various human physiopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Matusek
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose (iBV), Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Julien Marcetteau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose (iBV), Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Pascal P Thérond
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Valrose (iBV), Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
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10
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Sasai N, Toriyama M, Kondo T. Hedgehog Signal and Genetic Disorders. Front Genet 2019; 10:1103. [PMID: 31781166 PMCID: PMC6856222 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) family comprises sonic hedgehog (Shh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh), and desert hedgehog (Dhh), which are versatile signaling molecules involved in a wide spectrum of biological events including cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival; establishment of the vertebrate body plan; and aging. These molecules play critical roles from embryogenesis to adult stages; therefore, alterations such as abnormal expression or mutations of the genes involved and their downstream factors cause a variety of genetic disorders at different stages. The Hh family involves many signaling mediators and functions through complex mechanisms, and achieving a comprehensive understanding of the entire signaling system is challenging. This review discusses the signaling mediators of the Hh pathway and their functions at the cellular and organismal levels. We first focus on the roles of Hh signaling mediators in signal transduction at the cellular level and the networks formed by these factors. Then, we analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of expression of Hh pathway molecules in tissues and organs, and describe the phenotypes of mutant mice. Finally, we discuss the genetic disorders caused by malfunction of Hh signaling-related molecules in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Sasai
- Developmental Biomedical Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Michinori Toriyama
- Systems Neurobiology and Medicine, Division of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Toru Kondo
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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11
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Rapid discrimination of pediatric brain tumors by mass spectrometry imaging. J Neurooncol 2018; 140:269-279. [PMID: 30128689 PMCID: PMC6244779 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Medulloblastoma, the most common primary pediatric malignant brain tumor, originates in the posterior fossa of the brain. Pineoblastoma, which originates within the pineal gland, is a rarer malignancy that also presents in the pediatric population. Medulloblastoma and pineoblastoma exhibit overlapping clinical features and have similar histopathological characteristics. Histopathological similarities confound rapid diagnoses of these two tumor types. We have conducted a pilot feasibility study analyzing the molecular profile of archived frozen human tumor specimens using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to identify potential biomarkers capable of classifying and distinguishing between medulloblastoma and pineoblastoma. Methods We performed matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging on eight medulloblastoma biopsy specimens and three pineoblastoma biopsy specimens. Multivariate statistical analyses were performed on the MSI dataset to generate classifiers that distinguish the two tumor types. Lastly, the molecules that were discriminative of tumor type were queried against the Lipid Maps database and identified. Results In this pilot study we show that medulloblastoma and pineoblastoma can be discriminated using molecular profiles determined by MSI. The highest-ranking discriminating classifiers of medulloblastoma and pineoblastoma were glycerophosphoglycerols and sphingolipids, respectively. Conclusion We demonstrate proof-of-concept that medulloblastoma and pineoblastoma can be rapidly distinguished by using MSI lipid profiles. We identified biomarker candidates capable of distinguishing these two histopathologically similar tumor types. This work expands the current molecular knowledge of medulloblastoma and pineoblastoma by characterizing their lipidomic profiles, which may be useful for developing novel diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic strategies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11060-018-2978-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Qi X, Schmiege P, Coutavas E, Wang J, Li X. Structures of human Patched and its complex with native palmitoylated sonic hedgehog. Nature 2018; 560:128-132. [PMID: 29995851 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog (HH) signalling governs embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis in mammals and other multicellular organisms1-3. Whereas deficient HH signalling leads to birth defects, unrestrained HH signalling is implicated in human cancers2,4-6. N-terminally palmitoylated HH releases the repression of Patched to the oncoprotein smoothened (SMO); however, the mechanism by which HH recognizes Patched is unclear. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of human patched 1 (PTCH1) alone and in complex with the N-terminal domain of 'native' sonic hedgehog (native SHH-N has both a C-terminal cholesterol and an N-terminal fatty-acid modification), at resolutions of 3.5 Å and 3.8 Å, respectively. The structure of PTCH1 has internal two-fold pseudosymmetry in the transmembrane core, which features a sterol-sensing domain and two homologous extracellular domains, resembling the architecture of Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1) protein7. The palmitoylated N terminus of SHH-N inserts into a cavity between the extracellular domains of PTCH1 and dominates the PTCH1-SHH-N interface, which is distinct from that reported for SHH-N co-receptors8. Our biochemical assays show that SHH-N may use another interface, one that is required for its co-receptor binding, to recruit PTCH1 in the absence of a covalently attached palmitate. Our work provides atomic insights into the recognition of the N-terminal domain of HH (HH-N) by PTCH1, offers a structural basis for cooperative binding of HH-N to various receptors and serves as a molecular framework for HH signalling and its malfunction in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Qi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philip Schmiege
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elias Coutavas
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Manikowski D, Kastl P, Grobe K. Taking the Occam's Razor Approach to Hedgehog Lipidation and Its Role in Development. J Dev Biol 2018; 6:jdb6010003. [PMID: 29615552 PMCID: PMC5875562 DOI: 10.3390/jdb6010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
All Hedgehog (Hh) proteins signal from producing cells to distant receiving cells despite being synthesized as N-and C-terminally lipidated, membrane-tethered molecules. To explain this paradoxical situation, over the past 15 years, several hypotheses have been postulated that tie directly into this property, such as Hh transport on cellular extensions called cytonemes or on secreted vesicles called lipophorins and exosomes. The alternative situation that tight membrane association merely serves to prevent unregulated Hh solubilization has been addressed by biochemical and structural studies suggesting Hh extraction from the membrane or proteolytic Hh release. While some of these models may act in different organisms, tissues or developmental programs, others may act together to specify Hh short- and long-range signaling in the same tissues. To test and rank these possibilities, we here review major models of Hh release and transport and hypothesize that the (bio)chemical and physical properties of firmly established, homologous, and functionally essential biochemical Hh modifications are adapted to specify and determine interdependent steps of Hh release, transport and signaling, while ruling out other steps. This is also described by the term “congruence”, meaning that the logical combination of biochemical Hh modifications can reveal their true functional implications. This combined approach reveals potential links between models of Hh release and transport that were previously regarded as unrelated, thereby expanding our view of how Hhs can steer development in a simple, yet extremely versatile, manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Manikowski
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Philipp Kastl
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Kay Grobe
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Stewart DP, Marada S, Bodeen WJ, Truong A, Sakurada SM, Pandit T, Pruett-Miller SM, Ogden SK. Cleavage activates dispatched for Sonic Hedgehog ligand release. eLife 2018; 7:31678. [PMID: 29359685 PMCID: PMC5811216 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog ligands activate an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that provides instructional cues during tissue morphogenesis, and when corrupted, contributes to developmental disorders and cancer. The transmembrane protein Dispatched is an essential component of the machinery that deploys Hedgehog family ligands from producing cells, and is absolutely required for signaling to long-range targets. Despite this crucial role, regulatory mechanisms controlling Dispatched activity remain largely undefined. Herein, we reveal vertebrate Dispatched is activated by proprotein convertase-mediated cleavage at a conserved processing site in its first extracellular loop. Dispatched processing occurs at the cell surface to instruct its membrane re-localization in polarized epithelial cells. Cleavage site mutation alters Dispatched membrane trafficking and reduces ligand release, leading to compromised pathway activity in vivo. As such, convertase-mediated cleavage is required for Dispatched maturation and functional competency in Hedgehog ligand-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Stewart
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
| | - Suresh Marada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
| | - William J Bodeen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States.,Integrated Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Ashley Truong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
| | - Sadie Miki Sakurada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States.,Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
| | - Tanushree Pandit
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States.,Center for Advanced Genome Engineering, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
| | - Stacey K Ogden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, United States
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15
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Bodeen WJ, Marada S, Truong A, Ogden SK. A fixation method to preserve cultured cell cytonemes facilitates mechanistic interrogation of morphogen transport. Development 2017; 144:3612-3624. [PMID: 28827391 PMCID: PMC5665483 DOI: 10.1242/dev.152736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During development, extracellular cues guiding cell fate determination are provided by morphogens. One mechanism by which morphogens are proposed to traverse extracellular space is by traveling along specialized filopodia called cytonemes. These cellular highways extend between signal-producing and -receiving cells to enable direct morphogen delivery. Although genetic studies support cytoneme involvement in morphogen transport, mechanistic insight into how they are regulated is limited owing to technical challenges associated with performing cell biological analysis of the delicate filopodial structures. Here, we introduce a fixation method whereby cultured cell cytonemes can be preserved for imaging studies, allowing investigation of cytoneme regulation using standard cell biological techniques. Using this method, we examined Hedgehog-containing cytonemes and identified a role for the Hedgehog deployment protein Dispatched in cytoneme stabilization. We demonstrate that Hedgehog and Dispatched colocalize in cytonemes, and that cholesterol-modified Hedgehog acts through Dispatched to increase cytoneme occurrence. Live imaging suggests that this occurs through Dispatched-mediated slowing of cytoneme retraction rates. Dispatched-induced cytoneme modulation was recapitulated in wing imaginal discs of transgenic Drosophila, providing evidence that cultured cell cytoneme analysis is predictive of in vivo functionality. Summary: A new fixation method for preserving cultured cell cytonemes, used in combination with live cell imaging, reveals that the Hedgehog deployment protein Dispatched promotes cytoneme occurrence by slowing retraction rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Bodeen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.,Integrated Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Suresh Marada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Ashley Truong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Stacey K Ogden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
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16
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RNA-seq reveals conservation of function among the yolk sacs of human, mouse, and chicken. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E4753-E4761. [PMID: 28559354 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1702560114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The yolk sac is phylogenetically the oldest of the extraembryonic membranes. The human embryo retains a yolk sac, which goes through primary and secondary phases of development, but its importance is controversial. Although it is known to synthesize proteins, its transport functions are widely considered vestigial. Here, we report RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data for the human and murine yolk sacs and compare those data with data for the chicken. We also relate the human RNA-seq data to proteomic data for the coelomic fluid bathing the yolk sac. Conservation of transcriptomes across the species indicates that the human secondary yolk sac likely performs key functions early in development, particularly uptake and processing of macro- and micronutrients, many of which are found in coelomic fluid. More generally, our findings shed light on evolutionary mechanisms that give rise to complex structures such as the placenta. We identify genetic modules that are conserved across mammals and birds, suggesting these modules are part of the core amniote genetic repertoire and are the building blocks for both oviparous and viviparous reproductive modes. We propose that although a choriovitelline placenta is never established physically in the human, the placental villi, the exocoelomic cavity, and the secondary yolk sac function together as a physiological equivalent.
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17
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Canterini S, Dragotto J, Dardis A, Zampieri S, De Stefano ME, Mangia F, Erickson RP, Fiorenza MT. Shortened primary cilium length and dysregulated Sonic hedgehog signaling in Niemann-Pick C1 disease. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:2277-2289. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Hentschel A, Zahedi RP, Ahrends R. Protein lipid modifications--More than just a greasy ballast. Proteomics 2016; 16:759-82. [PMID: 26683279 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Covalent lipid modifications of proteins are crucial for regulation of cellular plasticity, since they affect the chemical and physical properties and therefore protein activity, localization, and stability. Most recently, lipid modifications on proteins are increasingly attracting important regulatory entities in diverse signaling events and diseases. In all cases, the lipid moiety of modified proteins is essential to allow water-soluble proteins to strongly interact with membranes or to induce structural changes in proteins that are critical for elemental processes such as respiration, transport, signal transduction, and motility. Until now, roughly about ten lipid modifications on different amino acid residues are described at the UniProtKB database and even well-known modifications are underrepresented. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to develop a better understanding of this emerging and so far under-investigated type of protein modification. Therefore, this review aims to give a comprehensive and detailed overview about enzymatic and nonenzymatic lipidation events, will report their role in cellular biology, discuss their relevancy for diseases, and describe so far available bioanalytical strategies to analyze this highly challenging type of modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hentschel
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Dortmund, Germany
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19
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Bordeau BM, Ciulla DA, Callahan BP. Hedgehog Proteins Consume Steroidal CYP17A1 Antagonists: Potential Therapeutic Significance in Advanced Prostate Cancer. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1983-6. [PMID: 27435344 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abiraterone, a potent inhibitor of the human enzyme CYP17A1 (cytochrome P450c17), provides a last line of defense against ectopic androgenesis in advanced prostate cancer. Herein we report an unprecedented off-target interaction between abiraterone and oncogenic hedgehog proteins. Our experiments indicate that abiraterone and its structural congener, galeterone, can replace cholesterol as a substrate in a specialized biosynthetic event of hedgehog proteins, known as cholesterolysis. The off-target reaction generates covalent hedgehog-drug conjugates. Cell-based reporter assays indicate that these conjugates activate hedgehog signaling when present in the low nanomolar range. Because hedgehog signaling is implicated in prostate cancer progression, and abiraterone is administered to treat advanced stages of the disease, this off-target interaction may have therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Bordeau
- Chemistry Department, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Daniel A Ciulla
- Chemistry Department, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Brian P Callahan
- Chemistry Department, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
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20
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Lum L, Chen C. Chemical Disruption of Wnt-dependent Cell Fate Decision-making Mechanisms in Cancer and Regenerative Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2016; 22:4091-103. [PMID: 26310918 DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666150827094015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell signaling molecules such as the Wnt proteins that directly influence the expression of cell-type specific transcriptional programs are essential for tissue generation in metazoans. The mechanisms supporting cellular responses to these molecules represent potential points of intervention for directing cell fate outcomes in therapeutic contexts. Small molecules that modulate Wnt-mediated cellular responses have proven to be powerful probes for Wnt protein function in diverse biological settings including cancer, development, and regeneration. Whereas efforts to develop these chemicals as therapeutic agents have dominated conversation, the unprecedented modes-of-action associated with these molecules and their implications for drug development deserve greater examination. In this review, we will discuss how medicinal chemistry efforts focused on first in class small molecules targeting two Wnt pathway components--the polytopic Porcupine (Porcn) acyltransferase and the cytoplasmic Tankyrase (Tnks) poly-ADP-ribosylases--have contributed to our understanding of the druggable genome and expanded the armamentarium of chemicals that can be used to influence cell fate decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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21
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Gauron C, Meda F, Dupont E, Albadri S, Quenech'Du N, Ipendey E, Volovitch M, Del Bene F, Joliot A, Rampon C, Vriz S. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) controls axon pathfinding during zebrafish development. Dev Biol 2016; 414:133-41. [PMID: 27158028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
It is now becoming evident that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is constantly produced by nearly all cells, contributes to bona fide physiological processes. However, little is known regarding the distribution and functions of H2O2 during embryonic development. To address this question, we used a dedicated genetic sensor and revealed a highly dynamic spatio-temporal pattern of H2O2 levels during zebrafish morphogenesis. The highest H2O2 levels are observed during somitogenesis and organogenesis, and these levels gradually decrease in the mature tissues. Biochemical and pharmacological approaches revealed that H2O2 distribution is mainly controlled by its enzymatic degradation. Here we show that H2O2 is enriched in different regions of the developing brain and demonstrate that it participates to axonal guidance. Retinal ganglion cell axonal projections are impaired upon H2O2 depletion and this defect is rescued by H2O2 or ectopic activation of the Hedgehog pathway. We further show that ex vivo, H2O2 directly modifies Hedgehog secretion. We propose that physiological levels of H2O2 regulate RGCs axonal growth through the modulation of Hedgehog pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Gauron
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Francesca Meda
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; École Normale Supérieure, Institute of Biology at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR8197, INSERM U1024, F-75005 Paris, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Edmond Dupont
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Shahad Albadri
- Institut Curie CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, F-75248, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicole Quenech'Du
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Eliane Ipendey
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; École Normale Supérieure, Institute of Biology at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR8197, INSERM U1024, F-75005 Paris, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michel Volovitch
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; École Normale Supérieure, Institute of Biology at the Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), CNRS UMR8197, INSERM U1024, F-75005 Paris, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Filippo Del Bene
- Institut Curie CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, F-75248, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alain Joliot
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christine Rampon
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Biology Department, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vriz
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Biologie (CIRB), CNRS UMR 7241/INSERM U1050/Collège de France, 11, Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Biology Department, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France; PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France.
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22
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Fleury A, Hoch L, Martinez MC, Faure H, Taddei M, Petricci E, Manetti F, Girard N, Mann A, Jacques C, Larghero J, Ruat M, Andriantsitohaina R, Le Lay S. Hedgehog associated to microparticles inhibits adipocyte differentiation via a non-canonical pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23479. [PMID: 27010359 PMCID: PMC4806302 DOI: 10.1038/srep23479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) is a critical regulator of adipogenesis. Extracellular vesicles are natural Hh carriers, as illustrated by activated/apoptotic lymphocytes specifically shedding microparticles (MP) bearing the morphogen (MP(Hh+)). We show that MP(Hh+) inhibit adipocyte differentiation and orientate mesenchymal stem cells towards a pro-osteogenic program. Despite a Smoothened (Smo)-dependency, MP(Hh+) anti-adipogenic effects do not activate a canonical Hh signalling pathway in contrast to those elicited either by the Smo agonist SAG or recombinant Sonic Hedgehog. The Smo agonist GSA-10 recapitulates many of the hallmarks of MP(Hh+) anti-adipogenic effects. The adipogenesis blockade induced by MP(Hh+) and GSA-10 was abolished by the Smo antagonist LDE225. We further elucidate a Smo/Lkb1/Ampk axis as the non-canonical Hh pathway used by MP(Hh+) and GSA-10 to inhibit adipocyte differentiation. Our results highlight for the first time the ability of Hh-enriched MP to signal via a non-canonical pathway opening new perspectives to modulate fat development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Fleury
- INSERM U1063, Université d'Angers, IBS-IRIS Rue des Capucins, F-49100 Angers, France
| | - Lucile Hoch
- CNRS, UMR-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - M Carmen Martinez
- INSERM U1063, Université d'Angers, IBS-IRIS Rue des Capucins, F-49100 Angers, France
| | - Hélène Faure
- CNRS, UMR-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Maurizio Taddei
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Petricci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicolas Girard
- CNRS, UMR-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, BP 60024, F-67401 Illkirch, France
| | - André Mann
- CNRS, UMR-7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, BP 60024, F-67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Caroline Jacques
- INSERM U1063, Université d'Angers, IBS-IRIS Rue des Capucins, F-49100 Angers, France
| | - Jérôme Larghero
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire; Inserm UMR1160 et CIC de Biothérapies; Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75475, Paris, France
| | - Martial Ruat
- CNRS, UMR-9197, Neuroscience Paris-Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | | - Soazig Le Lay
- INSERM U1063, Université d'Angers, IBS-IRIS Rue des Capucins, F-49100 Angers, France
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23
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Hannoush RN. Synthetic protein lipidation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2015; 28:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Long
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - David J Robbins
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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