1
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Pinello JF, Loidl J, Seltzer ES, Cassidy-Hanley D, Kolbin D, Abdelatif A, Rey FA, An R, Newberger NJ, Bisharyan Y, Papoyan H, Byun H, Aguilar HC, Lai AL, Freed JH, Maugel T, Cole ES, Clark TG. Novel requirements for HAP2/GCS1-mediated gamete fusion in Tetrahymena. iScience 2024; 27:110146. [PMID: 38904066 PMCID: PMC11187246 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The ancestral gamete fusion protein, HAP2/GCS1, plays an essential role in fertilization in a broad range of taxa. To identify factors that may regulate HAP2/GCS1 activity, we screened mutants of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila for behaviors that mimic Δhap2/gcs1 knockout phenotypes in this species. Using this approach, we identified two new genes, GFU1 and GFU2, whose products are necessary for membrane pore formation following mating type recognition and adherence. GFU2 is predicted to be a single-pass transmembrane protein, while GFU1, though lacking obvious transmembrane domains, has the potential to interact directly with membrane phospholipids in the cytoplasm. Like Tetrahymena HAP2/GCS1, expression of GFU1 is required in both cells of a mating pair for efficient fusion to occur. To explain these bilateral requirements, we propose a model that invokes cooperativity between the fusion machinery on apposed membranes of mating cells and accounts for successful fertilization in Tetrahymena's multiple mating type system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer F. Pinello
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Josef Loidl
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ethan S. Seltzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Donna Cassidy-Hanley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Daniel Kolbin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anhar Abdelatif
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Félix A. Rey
- Unité de Virologie Structurale, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3569, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Rocky An
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Nicole J. Newberger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yelena Bisharyan
- Office of Technology Development, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Hayk Papoyan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Haewon Byun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hector C. Aguilar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Alex L. Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Jack H. Freed
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Timothy Maugel
- Department of Biology, Laboratory for Biological Ultrastructure, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Eric S. Cole
- Biology Department, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA
| | - Theodore G. Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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2
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Su C, Rodriguez-Franco M, Lace B, Nebel N, Hernandez-Reyes C, Liang P, Schulze E, Mymrikov EV, Gross NM, Knerr J, Wang H, Siukstaite L, Keller J, Libourel C, Fischer AAM, Gabor KE, Mark E, Popp C, Hunte C, Weber W, Wendler P, Stanislas T, Delaux PM, Einsle O, Grosse R, Römer W, Ott T. Stabilization of membrane topologies by proteinaceous remorin scaffolds. Nat Commun 2023; 14:323. [PMID: 36658193 PMCID: PMC9852587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35976-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, the topological organization of membranes has mainly been attributed to the cell wall and the cytoskeleton. Additionally, few proteins, such as plant-specific remorins have been shown to function as protein and lipid organizers. Root nodule symbiosis requires continuous membrane re-arrangements, with bacteria being finally released from infection threads into membrane-confined symbiosomes. We found that mutations in the symbiosis-specific SYMREM1 gene result in highly disorganized perimicrobial membranes. AlphaFold modelling and biochemical analyses reveal that SYMREM1 oligomerizes into antiparallel dimers and may form a higher-order membrane scaffolding structure. This was experimentally confirmed when expressing this and other remorins in wall-less protoplasts is sufficient where they significantly alter and stabilize de novo membrane topologies ranging from membrane blebs to long membrane tubes with a central actin filament. Reciprocally, mechanically induced membrane indentations were equally stabilized by SYMREM1. Taken together we describe a plant-specific mechanism that allows the stabilization of large-scale membrane conformations independent of the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Su
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Beatrice Lace
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Nebel
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Casandra Hernandez-Reyes
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pengbo Liang
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eija Schulze
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evgeny V Mymrikov
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolas M Gross
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Knerr
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hong Wang
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lina Siukstaite
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jean Keller
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Cyril Libourel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Alexandra A M Fischer
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina E Gabor
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eric Mark
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Claudia Popp
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Institute of Genetics, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Carola Hunte
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Weber
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Petra Wendler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Thomas Stanislas
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Pierre-Marc Delaux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Grosse
- CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ott
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,CIBSS - Centre of Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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3
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Lipid Polarization during Cytokinesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243977. [PMID: 36552741 PMCID: PMC9776629 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is composed of a large number of lipid species that are laterally segregated into functional domains as well as asymmetrically distributed between the outer and inner leaflets. Additionally, the spatial distribution and organization of these lipids dramatically change in response to various cellular states, such as cell division, differentiation, and apoptosis. Division of one cell into two daughter cells is one of the most fundamental requirements for the sustenance of growth in all living organisms. The successful completion of cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division, is critically dependent on the spatial distribution and organization of specific lipids. In this review, we discuss the properties of various lipid species associated with cytokinesis and the mechanisms involved in their polarization, including forward trafficking, endocytic recycling, local synthesis, and cortical flow models. The differences in lipid species requirements and distribution in mitotic vs. male meiotic cells will be discussed. We will concentrate on sphingolipids and phosphatidylinositols because their transbilayer organization and movement may be linked via the cytoskeleton and thus critically regulate various steps of cytokinesis.
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4
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Bellingham-Johnstun K, Commer B, Levesque B, Tyree ZL, Laplante C. Imp2p forms actin-dependent clusters and imparts stiffness to the contractile ring. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar145. [PMID: 36287824 PMCID: PMC9727792 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-06-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The contractile ring must anchor to the plasma membrane and cell wall to transmit its tension. F-BAR domain containing proteins including Imp2p and Cdc15p in fission yeast are likely candidate anchoring proteins based on their mutant phenotypes. Cdc15p is a node component, links the actin bundle to the plasma membrane, recruits Bgs1p to the division plane, prevents contractile ring sliding, and contributes to the stiffness of the contractile ring. Less is known about Imp2p. We found that similarly to Cdc15p, Imp2p contributes to the stiffness of the contractile ring and assembles into protein clusters. Imp2p clusters contain approximately eight Imp2p dimers and depend on the actin network for their stability at the division plane. Importantly, Imp2p and Cdc15p reciprocally affect the amount of each other in the contractile ring, indicating that the two proteins influence each other during cytokinesis, which may partially explain their similar phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blake Commer
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607
| | - Brié Levesque
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607
| | - Zoe L Tyree
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607
| | - Caroline Laplante
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607
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5
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Park S, Lee AY, Cho KC, Jung JH, Hong SH, Kim S, Kim KP, Park J, Cho MH. FCH domain only 1 (FCHo1), a potential new biomarker for lung cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:901-907. [PMID: 34413495 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the main reason for cancer-associated deaths in the world. In a previous study, FCH domain only 1 (FCHo1) which is managed by protein kinase B (AKT), was shown to be activated in lung cancer. FCHo1 knockdown has previously been shown to cause cell death in lung cancer. However, the specific roles of FCHo1 in lung carcinoma remain elusive. Herein, we propose that FCHo1's intracellular mechanism targets the G1 to S phase transition, following the M phase. We demonstrated that F-BAR and mu homology domains exist separately in human lung tissues and that one truncated form is not detected in patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, quantitative global proteome analysis of FCHo1 indicated that the inhibition of G1/S phase transition and FCHo1 RNAi led to the death of cells in the G1/S phase. Noninvasive viral aerosol-mediated delivery of FCHo1 shRNA suppressed cancer progression in mice with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting that the delivery of FCHo1 shRNA could be a meaningful therapeutic strategy in lung cancer. Additional studies are needed to make clear the detailed mechanism of action of FCHo1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ah Young Lee
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cho Cho
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hun Jung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Hong
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio Medicine Laboratory, CKD Research Institute, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Manso JA, Marcos T, Ruiz-Martín V, Casas J, Alcón P, Sánchez Crespo M, Bayón Y, de Pereda JM, Alonso A. PSTPIP1-LYP phosphatase interaction: structural basis and implications for autoinflammatory disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:131. [PMID: 35152348 PMCID: PMC8840930 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMutations in the adaptor protein PSTPIP1 cause a spectrum of autoinflammatory diseases, including PAPA and PAMI; however, the mechanism underlying these diseases remains unknown. Most of these mutations lie in PSTPIP1 F-BAR domain, which binds to LYP, a protein tyrosine phosphatase associated with arthritis and lupus. To shed light on the mechanism by which these mutations generate autoinflammatory disorders, we solved the structure of the F-BAR domain of PSTPIP1 alone and bound to the C-terminal homology segment of LYP, revealing a novel mechanism of recognition of Pro-rich motifs by proteins in which a single LYP molecule binds to the PSTPIP1 F-BAR dimer. The residues R228, D246, E250, and E257 of PSTPIP1 that are mutated in immunological diseases directly interact with LYP. These findings link the disruption of the PSTPIP1/LYP interaction to these diseases, and support a critical role for LYP phosphatase in their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Manso
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Tamara Marcos
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, c/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Virginia Ruiz-Martín
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, c/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier Casas
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, c/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Alcón
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mariano Sánchez Crespo
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, c/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Bayón
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, c/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José M de Pereda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC), CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andrés Alonso
- Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, c/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.
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7
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Willet AH, Igarashi MG, Chen JS, Bhattacharjee R, Ren L, Cullati SN, Elmore ZC, Roberts-Galbraith RH, Johnson AE, Beckley JR, Gould KL. Phosphorylation in the intrinsically disordered region of F-BAR protein Imp2 regulates its contractile ring recruitment. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271847. [PMID: 34279633 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The F-BAR protein Imp2 is an important contributor to cytokinesis in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Because cell cycle regulated phosphorylation of the central intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of the Imp2 paralog, Cdc15, controls Cdc15 oligomerization state, localization, and ability to bind protein partners, we investigated whether Imp2 is similarly phosphoregulated. We found that Imp2 is endogenously phosphorylated on 28 sites within its IDR with the bulk of phosphorylation being constitutive. In vitro, casein kinase 1 (CK1) Hhp1 and Hhp2 can phosphorylate 17 sites and Cdk1 the remaining 11 sites. Mutations that prevent Cdk1 phosphorylation result in precocious Imp2 recruitment to the cell division site, and mutations designed to mimic these phosphorylation events delay Imp2 CR accumulation. Mutations that eliminated CK1 phosphorylation sites allowed CR sliding, and phosphomimetic substitutions at these sites reduced Imp2 protein levels and slowed CR constriction. Thus, like Cdc15, the Imp2 IDR is phosphorylated at many sites by multiple kinases. In contrast to Cdc15, for which phosphorylation plays a major cell cycle regulatory role, Imp2 phosphorylation is primarily constitutive with milder effects on localization and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina H Willet
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Maya G Igarashi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Jun-Song Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Rahul Bhattacharjee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Liping Ren
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Sierra N Cullati
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Zachary C Elmore
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Rachel H Roberts-Galbraith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Alyssa E Johnson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Janel R Beckley
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
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8
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The state of F-BAR domains as membrane-bound oligomeric platforms. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:644-655. [PMID: 33888395 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fes/Cip4 homology Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) domains, like all BAR domains, are dimeric units that oligomerize and bind membranes. F-BAR domains are generally coupled to additional domains that function in protein binding or have enzymatic activity. Because of their crescent shape and ability to oligomerize, F-BAR domains have been traditionally viewed as membrane-deformation modules. However, multiple independent studies have provided no evidence that certain F-BAR domains are able to tubulate membrane. Instead, a growing body of literature featuring structural, biochemical, biophysical, and microscopy-based studies supports the idea that the F-BAR domain family can be unified only by their ability to form oligomeric assemblies on membranes to provide platforms for molecular assembly.
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9
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Snider CE, Willet AH, Brown HT, Chen JS, Evers JM, Gould KL. Fission yeast Opy1 is an endogenous PI(4,5)P 2 sensor that binds to the phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase Its3. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.247973. [PMID: 33172987 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.247973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides (PIPs) are a dynamic family of lipids that execute diverse roles in cell biology. PIP levels are regulated by numerous enzymes, but our understanding of how these enzymes are controlled in space and time is incomplete. One role of the PIP phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] is to anchor the cytokinetic ring (CR) to the plasma membrane (PM) in Schizosaccharomyces pombe While examining potential PI(4,5)P2-binding proteins for roles in CR anchoring, we identified the dual pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-containing protein Opy1. Although related proteins are implicated in PIP regulation, we found no role for S. pombe Opy1 in CR anchoring, which would be expected if it modulated PM PI(4,5)P2 levels. Our data indicate that although Opy1 senses PM PI(4,5)P2 levels and binds to the phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PI5-kinase) Its3, Opy1 does not regulate Its3 kinase activity or PM PI(4,5)P2 levels, a striking difference from its Saccharomyces cerevisiae homolog. However, overexpression of Opy1 resulted in cytokinesis defects, as might be expected if it sequestered PI(4,5)P2 Our results highlight the evolutionary divergence of dual PH domain-containing proteins and the need for caution when interpreting results based on their overexpression.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Snider
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alaina H Willet
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - HannahSofia T Brown
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jun-Song Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joshua M Evers
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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10
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Snider CE, Chandra M, McDonald NA, Willet AH, Collier SE, Ohi MD, Jackson LP, Gould KL. Opposite Surfaces of the Cdc15 F-BAR Domain Create a Membrane Platform That Coordinates Cytoskeletal and Signaling Components for Cytokinesis. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108526. [PMID: 33357436 PMCID: PMC7775634 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many eukaryotes assemble an actin- and myosin-based cytokinetic ring (CR) on the plasma membrane (PM) for cell division, but how it is anchored there remains unclear. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the F-BAR protein Cdc15 links the PM via its F-BAR domain to proteins in the CR’s interior via its SH3 domain. However, Cdc15’s F-BAR domain also directly binds formin Cdc12, suggesting that Cdc15 may polymerize a protein network directly adjacent to the membrane. Here, we determine that the F-BAR domain binds Cdc12 using residues on the face opposite its membrane-binding surface. These residues also bind paxillin-like Pxl1, promoting its recruitment with calcineurin to the CR. Mutation of these F-BAR domain residues results in a shallower CR, with components localizing ~35% closer to the PM than in wild type, and aberrant CR constriction. Thus, F-BAR domains serve as oligomeric membrane-bound platforms that can modulate the architecture of an entire actin structure. Multiple F-BAR domains link actin structures to membrane. Snider et al. show that the flat Cdc15 F-BAR domain utilizes opposite surfaces to bind the plasma membrane and cytokinetic ring proteins simultaneously. Disrupting Cdc15 F-BAR domain’s interaction with proteins results in an overall compression of the entire cytokinetic ring architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Snider
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mintu Chandra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nathan A McDonald
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alaina H Willet
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Scott E Collier
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Melanie D Ohi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lauren P Jackson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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11
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Su M, Zhuang Y, Miao X, Zeng Y, Gao W, Zhao W, Wu M. Comparative Study of Curvature Sensing Mediated by F-BAR and an Intrinsically Disordered Region of FBP17. iScience 2020; 23:101712. [PMID: 33205024 PMCID: PMC7649350 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane curvature has emerged as an intriguing physical principle underlying biological signaling and membrane trafficking. The CIP4/FBP17/Toca-1 F-BAR subfamily is unique in the BAR family because its structurally folded F-BAR domain does not contain any hydrophobic motifs that insert into membrane. Although widely assumed so, whether the banana-shaped F-BAR domain alone can sense curvature has never been experimentally demonstrated. Using a nanobar-supported lipid bilayer system, we found that the F-BAR domain of FBP17 displayed minimal curvature sensing in vitro. In comparison, an alternatively spliced intrinsically disordered region (IDR) adjacent to the F-BAR domain has the membrane curvature-sensing ability greatly exceeding that of F-BAR domain alone. In living cells, the presence of the IDR delayed the recruitment of FBP17 in curvature-coupled cortical waves. Collectively, we propose that contrary to the common belief, FBP17's curvature-sensing capability largely originates from IDR, and not the F-BAR domain alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohan Su
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8002, USA.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Mechanobiology Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411
| | - Yinyin Zhuang
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8002, USA.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457
| | - Xinwen Miao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457
| | - Yongpeng Zeng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457
| | - Weibo Gao
- School of Physics and Mathematical Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371
| | - Wenting Zhao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520-8002, USA.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Mechanobiology Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411
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12
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Bohnert KA, Rossi AM, Jin QW, Chen JS, Gould KL. Phosphoregulation of the cytokinetic protein Fic1 contributes to fission yeast growth polarity establishment. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs244392. [PMID: 32878942 PMCID: PMC7520453 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.244392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular polarization underlies many facets of cell behavior, including cell growth. The rod-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a well-established, genetically tractable system for studying growth polarity regulation. S. pombe cells elongate at their two cell tips in a cell cycle-controlled manner, transitioning from monopolar to bipolar growth in interphase when new ends established by the most recent cell division begin to extend. We previously identified cytokinesis as a critical regulator of new end growth and demonstrated that Fic1, a cytokinetic factor, is required for normal polarized growth at new ends. Here, we report that Fic1 is phosphorylated on two C-terminal residues, which are each targeted by multiple protein kinases. Endogenously expressed Fic1 phosphomutants cannot support proper bipolar growth, and the resultant defects facilitate the switch into an invasive pseudohyphal state. Thus, phosphoregulation of Fic1 links the completion of cytokinesis to the re-establishment of polarized growth in the next cell cycle. These findings broaden the scope of signaling events that contribute to regulating S. pombe growth polarity, underscoring that cytokinetic factors constitute relevant targets of kinases affecting new end growth.This article has an associated First Person interview with Anthony M. Rossi, joint first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Adam Bohnert
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Anthony M Rossi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Quan-Wen Jin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Jun-Song Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
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13
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Quintana-Villamandos B, Delgado-Martos MJ, Delgado-Baeza E. Early reversal cardiac with esmolol in hypertensive rats: The role of subcellular organelle phenotype. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1125-1132. [PMID: 31648130 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our group has previously shown that short-term treatment (48 h) with esmolol reduces left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). However, we do not know the mechanism that explain this effect. The aim of this study was to assess the role that the subcellular organelle phenotype plays in early cardiac reverse after short-term treatment with esmolol. METHODS 14-Month-old male SHRs were randomly assigned to receive esmolol (300 μg/kg/min) (SHR-E) or vehicle (SHR). Age-matched male Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) served as controls. After 48 h of treatment, an ultrastructural analysis of heart tissue (left ventricle) was performed. We studied cardiomyocyte ultrastructural remodeling of subcellular organelles by electronic microcopy in all groups. RESULTS SHR group showed significant morphometric and stereological changes in mitochondria and subcellular organelles (cytoplasm and nucleus, myofibril structure, mitochondria structure, Z-Disk, intercalated disk, T-system and cystern), and also changes in the extracellular matrix (collagen) with respect to WKY group. Esmolol significantly improved the morphology and stereology mitochondrial, reduced the organelle phenotype abnormalities but no produced changes in the extracellular matrix with respect to SHR group. Interesantly, parameters of mitochondria (regularity factor, ellipsoidal form factor and density of volume), and all parameters of subcellular organelles returned to the normality in SHR-E. CONCLUSION Our results show that left ventricular hypertrophy reversal after short-term treatment with esmolol is associated with reversal of subcellular organelle phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Quintana-Villamandos
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Care, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Delgado-Martos
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Delgado-Baeza
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Schutt KL, Moseley JB. The phosphatase inhibitor Sds23 regulates cell division symmetry in fission yeast. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:2880-2889. [PMID: 31553675 PMCID: PMC6822584 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-05-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal and fungal cells divide through the assembly, anchoring, and constriction of a contractile actomyosin ring (CAR) during cytokinesis. The timing and position of the CAR must be tightly controlled to prevent defects in cell division, but many of the underlying signaling events remain unknown. The conserved heterotrimeric protein phosphatase PP2A controls the timing of events in mitosis, and upstream pathways including Greatwall-Ensa regulate PP2A activity. A role for PP2A in CAR regulation has been less clear, although loss of PP2A in yeast causes defects in cytokinesis. Here, we report that Sds23, an inhibitor of PP2A family protein phosphatases, promotes the symmetric division of fission yeast cells through spatial control of cytokinesis. We found that sds23∆ cells divide asymmetrically due to misplaced CAR assembly, followed by sliding of the CAR away from its assembly site. These mutant cells exhibit delayed recruitment of putative CAR anchoring proteins including the glucan synthase Bgs1. Our observations likely reflect a broader role for regulation of PP2A in cell polarity and cytokinesis because sds23∆ phenotypes were exacerbated when combined with mutations in the fission yeast Ensa homologue, Igo1. These results identify the PP2A regulatory network as a critical component in the signaling pathways coordinating cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Schutt
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - James B Moseley
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
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15
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Mangione MC, Snider CE, Gould KL. The intrinsically disordered region of the cytokinetic F-BAR protein Cdc15 performs a unique essential function in maintenance of cytokinetic ring integrity. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:2790-2801. [PMID: 31509478 PMCID: PMC6789166 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-06-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful separation of two daughter cells (i.e., cytokinesis) is essential for life. Many eukaryotic cells divide using a contractile apparatus called the cytokinetic ring (CR) that associates dynamically with the plasma membrane (PM) and generates force that contributes to PM ingression between daughter cells. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, important membrane-CR scaffolds include the paralogous F-BAR proteins Cdc15 and Imp2. Their conserved protein structure consists of the archetypal F-BAR domain linked to an SH3 domain by an intrinsically disordered region (IDR). Functions have been assigned to the F-BAR and SH3 domains. In this study we probed the function of the central IDR. We found that the IDR of Cdc15 is essential for viability and cannot be replaced by that of Imp2, whereas the F-BAR domain of Cdc15 can be swapped with several different F-BAR domains, including that of Imp2. Deleting part of the IDR results in CR defects and abolishes calcineurin phosphatase localization to the CR. Together these results indicate that Cdc15's IDR has a nonredundant essential function that coordinates regulation of CR architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- MariaSanta C. Mangione
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240
| | - Chloe E. Snider
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240
| | - Kathleen L. Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240
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16
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Mangione MC, Gould KL. Molecular form and function of the cytokinetic ring. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/12/jcs226928. [PMID: 31209062 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.226928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal cells, amoebas and yeast divide using a force-generating, actin- and myosin-based contractile ring or 'cytokinetic ring' (CR). Despite intensive research, questions remain about the spatial organization of CR components, the mechanism by which the CR generates force, and how other cellular processes are coordinated with the CR for successful membrane ingression and ultimate cell separation. This Review highlights new findings about the spatial relationship of the CR to the plasma membrane and the arrangement of molecules within the CR from studies using advanced microscopy techniques, as well as mechanistic information obtained from in vitro approaches. We also consider advances in understanding coordinated cellular processes that impact the architecture and function of the CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- MariaSanta C Mangione
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
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17
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Snead WT, Zeno WF, Kago G, Perkins RW, Richter JB, Zhao C, Lafer EM, Stachowiak JC. BAR scaffolds drive membrane fission by crowding disordered domains. J Cell Biol 2018; 218:664-682. [PMID: 30504247 PMCID: PMC6363457 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cylindrical protein scaffolds are thought to stabilize membrane tubules, preventing membrane fission. In contrast, Snead et al. find that when scaffold proteins assemble, bulky disordered domains within them become acutely concentrated, generating steric pressure that destabilizes tubules, driving fission. Cellular membranes are continuously remodeled. The crescent-shaped bin-amphiphysin-rvs (BAR) domains remodel membranes in multiple cellular pathways. Based on studies of isolated BAR domains in vitro, the current paradigm is that BAR domain–containing proteins polymerize into cylindrical scaffolds that stabilize lipid tubules. But in nature, proteins that contain BAR domains often also contain large intrinsically disordered regions. Using in vitro and live cell assays, here we show that full-length BAR domain–containing proteins, rather than stabilizing membrane tubules, are instead surprisingly potent drivers of membrane fission. Specifically, when BAR scaffolds assemble at membrane surfaces, their bulky disordered domains become crowded, generating steric pressure that destabilizes lipid tubules. More broadly, we observe this behavior with BAR domains that have a range of curvatures. These data suggest that the ability to concentrate disordered domains is a key driver of membrane remodeling and fission by BAR domain–containing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilton T Snead
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Wade F Zeno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Grace Kago
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.,Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Ryan W Perkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - J Blair Richter
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Chi Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Eileen M Lafer
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jeanne C Stachowiak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX .,Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
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18
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Garabedian MV, Stanishneva-Konovalova T, Lou C, Rands TJ, Pollard LW, Sokolova OS, Goode BL. Integrated control of formin-mediated actin assembly by a stationary inhibitor and a mobile activator. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3512-3530. [PMID: 30076201 PMCID: PMC6168263 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201803164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study shows that in vivo actin nucleation by the yeast formin Bnr1 is controlled through the coordinated effects of two distinct regulators, a stationary inhibitor (the F-BAR protein Hof1) and a mobile activator (Bud6), establishing a positive feedback loop for precise spatial and temporal control of actin assembly. Formins are essential actin assembly factors whose activities are controlled by a diverse array of binding partners. Until now, most formin ligands have been studied on an individual basis, leaving open the question of how multiple inputs are integrated to regulate formins in vivo. Here, we show that the F-BAR domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hof1 interacts with the FH2 domain of the formin Bnr1 and blocks actin nucleation. Electron microscopy of the Hof1–Bnr1 complex reveals a novel dumbbell-shaped structure, with the tips of the F-BAR holding two FH2 dimers apart. Deletion of Hof1’s F-BAR domain in vivo results in disorganized actin cables and secretory defects. The formin-binding protein Bud6 strongly alleviates Hof1 inhibition in vitro, and bud6Δ suppresses hof1Δ defects in vivo. Whereas Hof1 stably resides at the bud neck, we show that Bud6 is delivered to the neck on secretory vesicles. We propose that Hof1 and Bud6 functions are intertwined as a stationary inhibitor and a mobile activator, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael V Garabedian
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
| | | | - Chenyu Lou
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
| | - Thomas J Rands
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
| | - Luther W Pollard
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
| | - Olga S Sokolova
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bruce L Goode
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
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19
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Wang M, Nishihama R, Onishi M, Pringle JR. Role of the Hof1-Cyk3 interaction in cleavage-furrow ingression and primary-septum formation during yeast cytokinesis. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:597-609. [PMID: 29321253 PMCID: PMC6004579 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-04-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is well established that Hof1, Cyk3, and Inn1 contribute to septum formation and cytokinesis. Because hof1∆ and cyk3∆ single mutants have relatively mild defects but hof1∆ cyk3∆ double mutants are nearly dead, it has been hypothesized that these proteins contribute to parallel pathways. However, there is also evidence that they interact physically. In this study, we examined this interaction and its functional significance in detail. Our data indicate that the interaction 1) is mediated by a direct binding of the Hof1 SH3 domain to a proline-rich motif in Cyk3; 2) occurs specifically at the time of cytokinesis but is independent of the (hyper)phosphorylation of both proteins that occurs at about the same time; 3) is dispensable for the normal localization of both proteins; 4) is essential for normal primary-septum formation and a normal rate of cleavage-furrow ingression; and 5) becomes critical for growth when either Inn1 or the type II myosin Myo1 (a key component of the contractile actomyosin ring) is absent. The similarity in phenotype between cyk3∆ mutants and mutants specifically lacking the Hof1-Cyk3 interaction suggests that the interaction is particularly important for Cyk3 function, but it may be important for Hof1 function as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Ryuichi Nishihama
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Masayuki Onishi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - John R Pringle
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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20
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McDonald NA, Lind AL, Smith SE, Li R, Gould KL. Nanoscale architecture of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe contractile ring. eLife 2017; 6:28865. [PMID: 28914606 PMCID: PMC5779233 DOI: 10.7554/elife.28865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The contractile ring is a complex molecular apparatus which physically divides many eukaryotic cells. Despite knowledge of its protein composition, the molecular architecture of the ring is not known. Here we have applied super-resolution microscopy and FRET to determine the nanoscale spatial organization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe contractile ring components relative to the plasma membrane. Similar to other membrane-tethered actin structures, we find proteins localize in specific layers relative to the membrane. The most membrane-proximal layer (0–80 nm) is composed of membrane-binding scaffolds, formin, and the tail of the essential myosin-II. An intermediate layer (80–160 nm) consists of a network of cytokinesis accessory proteins as well as multiple signaling components which influence cell division. Farthest from the membrane (160–350 nm) we find F-actin, the motor domains of myosins, and a major F-actin crosslinker. Circumferentially within the ring, multiple proteins proximal to the membrane form clusters of different sizes, while components farther from the membrane are uniformly distributed. This comprehensive organizational map provides a framework for understanding contractile ring function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A McDonald
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Abigail L Lind
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, United States
| | - Sarah E Smith
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, United States
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
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21
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Sporny M, Guez-Haddad J, Waterman DG, Isupov MN, Opatowsky Y. Molecular symmetry-constrained systematic search approach to structure solution of the coiled-coil SRGAP2 F-BARx domain. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 72:1241-1253. [PMID: 27917825 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798316016697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
SRGAP2 (Slit-Robo GTPase-activating protein 2) is a cytoplasmic protein found to be involved in neuronal branching, restriction of neuronal migration and restriction of the length and density of dendritic postsynaptic spines. The extended F-BAR (F-BARx) domain of SRGAP2 generates membrane protrusions when expressed in COS-7 cells, while most F-BARs induce the opposite effect: membrane invaginations. As a first step to understand this discrepancy, the F-BARx domain of SRGAP2 was isolated and crystallized after co-expression with the carboxy domains of the protein. Diffraction data were collected from two significantly non-isomorphous crystals in the same monoclinic C2 space group. A correct molecular-replacment solution was obtained by applying a molecular symmetry-constrained systematic search approach that took advantage of the conserved biological symmetry of the F-BAR domains. It is shown that similar approaches can solve other F-BAR structures that were previously determined by experimental phasing. Diffraction data were reprocessed with a high-resolution cutoff of 2.2 Å, chosen using less strict statistical criteria. This has improved the outcome of multi-crystal averaging and other density-modification procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sporny
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Julia Guez-Haddad
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | | | | | - Yarden Opatowsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
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22
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Sethi K, Palani S, Cortés JCG, Sato M, Sevugan M, Ramos M, Vijaykumar S, Osumi M, Naqvi NI, Ribas JC, Balasubramanian M. A New Membrane Protein Sbg1 Links the Contractile Ring Apparatus and Septum Synthesis Machinery in Fission Yeast. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006383. [PMID: 27749909 PMCID: PMC5066963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis in many organisms requires a plasma membrane anchored actomyosin ring, whose contraction facilitates cell division. In yeast and fungi, actomyosin ring constriction is also coordinated with division septum assembly. How the actomyosin ring interacts with the plasma membrane and the plasma membrane-localized septum synthesizing machinery remains poorly understood. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, an attractive model organism to study cytokinesis, the β-1,3-glucan synthase Cps1p / Bgs1p, an integral membrane protein, localizes to the plasma membrane overlying the actomyosin ring and is required for primary septum synthesis. Through a high-dosage suppressor screen we identified an essential gene, sbg1+ (suppressor of beta glucan synthase 1), which suppressed the colony formation defect of Bgs1-defective cps1-191 mutant at higher temperatures. Sbg1p, an integral membrane protein, localizes to the cell ends and to the division site. Sbg1p and Bgs1p physically interact and are dependent on each other to localize to the division site. Loss of Sbg1p results in an unstable actomyosin ring that unravels and slides, leading to an inability to deposit a single contiguous division septum and an important reduction of the β-1,3-glucan proportion in the cell wall, coincident with that observed in the cps1-191 mutant. Sbg1p shows genetic and / or physical interaction with Rga7p, Imp2p, Cdc15p, and Pxl1p, proteins known to be required for actomyosin ring integrity and efficient septum synthesis. This study establishes Sbg1p as a key member of a group of proteins that link the plasma membrane, the actomyosin ring, and the division septum assembly machinery in fission yeast. Cell division in many organisms requires the function of an actomyosin ring, an apparatus that resembles the force generating machinery in the muscle. This ring apparatus is attached to the cell periphery (cell membranes) such that when it contracts, it brings the cell periphery together with it, leading to cell division. How the actomyosin ring is attached to the cell membrane at the division site is unknown. In this manuscript, we identify and describe Sbg1, a protein that links the actomyosin ring and the cell membranes since Sbg1 has a sequence that allows it to be inserted into the cell membrane. Sbg1 specifically localizes to the cell division site and also cooperates with a cell wall biosynthetic enzyme Bgs1 to achieve cell division. Consistently, in the absence of Sbg1, cells fail to divide leading to lethality. Sbg1 interacts with a number of cell division proteins, such as Cdc15, Rga7, Imp2, and Pxl1, to achieve its function as a bridge between the cell membrane and the actomyosin ring. Our work identifies a direct molecular link between the actomyosin ring and the cell membranes, explaining how ring contraction leads to inward movement of the cell periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Sethi
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saravanan Palani
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Juan C. G. Cortés
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cinetificas/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mamiko Sato
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy/Bio-imaging Centre, and Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Japan Women’s University, Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayalagu Sevugan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore
| | - Mariona Ramos
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cinetificas/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Shruthi Vijaykumar
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Masako Osumi
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy/Bio-imaging Centre, and Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Japan Women’s University, Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- NPO Integrated Imaging Research Support, Hirakawa-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naweed I. Naqvi
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juan Carlos Ribas
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cinetificas/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mohan Balasubramanian
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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23
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Pérez P, Cortés JCG, Martín-García R, Ribas JC. Overview of fission yeast septation. Cell Microbiol 2016; 18:1201-7. [PMID: 27155541 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinesis is the final process of the vegetative cycle, which divides a cell into two independent daughter cells once mitosis is completed. In fungi, as in animal cells, cytokinesis requires the formation of a cleavage furrow originated by constriction of an actomyosin ring which is connected to the plasma membrane and causes its invagination. Additionally, because fungal cells have a polysaccharide cell wall outside the plasma membrane, cytokinesis requires the formation of a septum coincident with the membrane ingression. Fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a unicellular, rod-shaped fungus that has become a popular model organism for the study of actomyosin ring formation and constriction during cell division. Here we review the current knowledge of the septation and separation processes in this fungus, as well as recent advances in understanding the functional interaction between the transmembrane enzymes that build the septum and the actomyosin ring proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Pérez
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Juan C G Cortés
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Rebeca Martín-García
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Juan C Ribas
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain
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24
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Abstract
As cells grow, move, and divide, they must reorganize and rearrange their membranes and cytoskeleton. The F-BAR protein family links cellular membranes with actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in processes including endocytosis, cytokinesis, and cell motility. Here we review emerging information on mechanisms of F-BAR domain oligomerization and membrane binding, and how these activities are coordinated with additional domains to accomplish scaffolding and signaling functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A McDonald
- a Department of Cell and Developmental Biology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- a Department of Cell and Developmental Biology , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , TN , USA
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