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Petsalaki E, Zachos G. Activating the abscission checkpoint: Top2α senses chromatin bridges in cytokinesis: Top2α binds to DNA knots on chromatin bridges to activate the abscission checkpoint in human cells. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400011. [PMID: 38403725 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
How chromatin bridges are detected by the abscission checkpoint during mammalian cell division is unknown. Here, we discuss recent findings from our lab showing that the DNA topoisomerase IIα (Top2α) enzyme binds to catenated ("knotted") DNA next to the midbody and forms abortive Top2-DNA cleavage complexes (Top2ccs) on chromatin bridges. Top2ccs are then processed by the proteasome to promote localization of the DNA damage sensor protein Rad17 to Top2-generated double-strand DNA ends on DNA knots. In turn, Rad17 promotes local recruitment of the MRN protein complex and downstream ATM-Chk2-INCENP signaling to delay abscission and prevent chromatin bridge breakage in cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Petsalaki
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Zachos
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, Greece
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Bordan Z, Batori R, Haigh S, Li X, Meadows ML, Brown ZL, West MA, Dong K, Han W, Su Y, Ma Q, Huo Y, Zhou J, Abdelbary M, Sullivan J, Weintraub NL, Stepp DW, Chen F, Barman SA, Fulton DJR. PDZ-Binding Kinase, a Novel Regulator of Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation 2024. [PMID: 38682326 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.067095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is high blood pressure in the lungs that originates from structural changes in small resistance arteries. A defining feature of PAH is the inappropriate remodeling of pulmonary arteries (PA) leading to right ventricle failure and death. Although treatment of PAH has improved, the long-term prognosis for patients remains poor, and more effective targets are needed. METHODS Gene expression was analyzed by microarray, RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunostaining of lung and isolated PA in multiple mouse and rat models of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and human PAH. PH was assessed by digital ultrasound, hemodynamic measurements, and morphometry. RESULTS Microarray analysis of the transcriptome of hypertensive rat PA identified a novel candidate, PBK (PDZ-binding kinase), that was upregulated in multiple models and species including humans. PBK is a serine/threonine kinase with important roles in cell proliferation that is minimally expressed in normal tissues but significantly increased in highly proliferative tissues. PBK was robustly upregulated in the medial layer of PA, where it overlaps with markers of smooth muscle cells. Gain-of-function approaches show that active forms of PBK increase PA smooth muscle cell proliferation, whereas silencing PBK, dominant negative PBK, and pharmacological inhibitors of PBK all reduce proliferation. Pharmacological inhibitors of PBK were effective in PH reversal strategies in both mouse and rat models, providing translational significance. In a complementary genetic approach, PBK was knocked out in rats using CRISPR/Cas9 editing, and loss of PBK prevented the development of PH. We found that PBK bound to PRC1 (protein regulator of cytokinesis 1) in PA smooth muscle cells and that multiple genes involved in cytokinesis were upregulated in experimental models of PH and human PAH. Active PBK increased PRC1 phosphorylation and supported cytokinesis in PA smooth muscle cells, whereas silencing or dominant negative PBK reduced cytokinesis and the number of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS PBK is a newly described target for PAH that is upregulated in proliferating PA smooth muscle cells, where it contributes to proliferation through changes in cytokinesis and cell cycle dynamics to promote medial thickening, fibrosis, increased PA resistance, elevated right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular remodeling, and PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Bordan
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Robert Batori
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Stephen Haigh
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Xueyi Li
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA (X.L.)
| | - Mary Louise Meadows
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (M.L.M., W.H., Y.S., J.Z., S.A.B., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Zach L Brown
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Madison A West
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (K.D.)
| | - Weihong Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (M.L.M., W.H., Y.S., J.Z., S.A.B., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (M.L.M., W.H., Y.S., J.Z., S.A.B., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Qian Ma
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Yuqing Huo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (M.L.M., W.H., Y.S., J.Z., S.A.B., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Mahmoud Abdelbary
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland (M.A.)
| | - Jennifer Sullivan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (J.S.)
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - David W Stepp
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (F.C.)
| | - Scott A Barman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (M.L.M., W.H., Y.S., J.Z., S.A.B., D.J.R.F.)
| | - David J R Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (Z.B., R.B., S.H., Z.L.B., M.A.W., Q.M., Y.H., N.L.W., D.W.S., D.J.R.F.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University. (M.L.M., W.H., Y.S., J.Z., S.A.B., D.J.R.F.)
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Husser MC, Pham NP, Law C, Araujo FRB, Martin VJJ, Piekny A. Endogenous tagging using split mNeonGreen in human iPSCs for live imaging studies. eLife 2024; 12:RP92819. [PMID: 38652106 PMCID: PMC11037917 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endogenous tags have become invaluable tools to visualize and study native proteins in live cells. However, generating human cell lines carrying endogenous tags is difficult due to the low efficiency of homology-directed repair. Recently, an engineered split mNeonGreen protein was used to generate a large-scale endogenous tag library in HEK293 cells. Using split mNeonGreen for large-scale endogenous tagging in human iPSCs would open the door to studying protein function in healthy cells and across differentiated cell types. We engineered an iPS cell line to express the large fragment of the split mNeonGreen protein (mNG21-10) and showed that it enables fast and efficient endogenous tagging of proteins with the short fragment (mNG211). We also demonstrate that neural network-based image restoration enables live imaging studies of highly dynamic cellular processes such as cytokinesis in iPSCs. This work represents the first step towards a genome-wide endogenous tag library in human stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nhat P Pham
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Chris Law
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Center for Microscopy and Cellular Imaging, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Flavia R B Araujo
- Center for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vincent J J Martin
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Center for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alisa Piekny
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Center for Microscopy and Cellular Imaging, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Center for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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Varela Salgado M, Adriaans IE, Touati SA, Ibanes S, Lai-Kee-Him J, Ancelin A, Cipelletti L, Picas L, Piatti S. Phosphorylation of the F-BAR protein Hof1 drives septin ring splitting in budding yeast. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3383. [PMID: 38649354 PMCID: PMC11035697 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A double septin ring accompanies cytokinesis in yeasts and mammalian cells. In budding yeast, reorganisation of the septin collar at the bud neck into a dynamic double ring is essential for actomyosin ring constriction and cytokinesis. Septin reorganisation requires the Mitotic Exit Network (MEN), a kinase cascade essential for cytokinesis. However, the effectors of MEN in this process are unknown. Here we identify the F-BAR protein Hof1 as a critical target of MEN in septin remodelling. Phospho-mimicking HOF1 mutant alleles overcome the inability of MEN mutants to undergo septin reorganisation by decreasing Hof1 binding to septins and facilitating its translocation to the actomyosin ring. Hof1-mediated septin rearrangement requires its F-BAR domain, suggesting that it may involve a local membrane remodelling that leads to septin reorganisation. In vitro Hof1 can induce the formation of intertwined septin bundles, while a phosphomimetic Hof1 protein has impaired septin-bundling activity. Altogether, our data indicate that Hof1 modulates septin architecture in distinct ways depending on its phosphorylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritzaida Varela Salgado
- CRBM (Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Ingrid E Adriaans
- CRBM (Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandra A Touati
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Sandy Ibanes
- CRBM (Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Joséphine Lai-Kee-Him
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U 1054, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Ancelin
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, INSERM U 1054, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Luca Cipelletti
- L2C (Laboratoire Charles Coulomb), University of Montpellier, CNRS 34095, Montpellier, France
- IUF (Institut Universitaire de France, 75231, Paris, France
| | - Laura Picas
- IRIM (Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Simonetta Piatti
- CRBM (Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5237, 34293, Montpellier, France.
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Matsuura Y, Kaizuka K, Inoue YH. Essential Role of COPII Proteins in Maintaining the Contractile Ring Anchoring to the Plasma Membrane during Cytokinesis in Drosophila Male Meiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4526. [PMID: 38674111 PMCID: PMC11050551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Coatomer Protein Complex-II (COPII) mediates anterograde vesicle transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus. Here, we report that the COPII coatomer complex is constructed dependent on a small GTPase, Sar1, in spermatocytes before and during Drosophila male meiosis. COPII-containing foci co-localized with transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER)-Golgi units. They showed dynamic distribution along astral microtubules and accumulated around the spindle pole, but they were not localized on the cleavage furrow (CF) sites. The depletion of the four COPII coatomer subunits, Sec16, or Sar1 that regulate COPII assembly resulted in multinucleated cell production after meiosis, suggesting that cytokinesis failed in both or either of the meiotic divisions. Although contractile actomyosin and anilloseptin rings were formed once plasma membrane ingression was initiated, they were frequently removed from the plasma membrane during furrowing. We explored the factors conveyed toward the CF sites in the membrane via COPII-mediated vesicles. DE-cadherin-containing vesicles were formed depending on Sar1 and were accumulated in the cleavage sites. Furthermore, COPII depletion inhibited de novo plasma membrane insertion. These findings suggest that COPII vesicles supply the factors essential for the anchoring and/or constriction of the contractile rings at cleavage sites during male meiosis in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Matsuura
- Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Mastugasaki, Kyoto 606-0962, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.K.)
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-0962, Japan
| | - Kana Kaizuka
- Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Mastugasaki, Kyoto 606-0962, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Yoshihiro H. Inoue
- Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Mastugasaki, Kyoto 606-0962, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.K.)
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-0962, Japan
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Ferdaus MZ, Koumangoye RB, Welling PA, Delpire E. Kinase Scaffold Cab39 Is Necessary for Phospho-Activation of the Thiazide-Sensitive NCC. Hypertension 2024; 81:801-810. [PMID: 38258567 PMCID: PMC10954405 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potassium regulates the WNK (with no lysine kinase)-SPAK (STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase) signaling axis, which in turn controls the phosphorylation and activation of the distal convoluted tubule thiazide-sensitive NCC (sodium-chloride cotransporter) for sodium-potassium balance. Although their roles in the kidney have not been investigated, it has been postulated that Cab39 (calcium-binding protein 39) or Cab39l (Cab39-like) is required for SPAK/OSR1 (oxidative stress response 1) activation. This study demonstrates how they control the WNK-SPAK/OSR1-NCC pathway. METHODS We created a global knockout of Cab39l and a tamoxifen-inducible, NCC-driven, Cab39 knockout. The 2 lines were crossed to generate Cab39-DKO (Cab39 double knockout) animals. Mice were studied under control and low-potassium diet, which activates WNK-SPAK/OSR1-NCC phosphorylation. Western blots were used to assess the expression and phosphorylation of proteins. Blood and urine electrolytes were measured to test for compromised NCC function. Immunofluorescence studies were conducted to localize SPAK and OSR1. RESULTS Both Cab39l and Cab39 are expressed in distal convoluted tubule, and only the elimination of both leads to a striking absence of NCC phosphorylation. Cab39-DKO mice exhibited a loss-of-NCC function, like in Gitelman syndrome. In contrast to the apical membrane colocalization of SPAK with NCC in wild-type mice, SPAK and OSR1 become confined to intracellular puncta in the Cab39-DKO mice. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of Cab39 proteins, NCC cannot be phosphorylated, resulting in a Gitelman-like phenotype. Cab39 proteins function to localize SPAK at the apical membrane with NCC, reminiscent of the Cab39 yeast homolog function, translocating kinases during cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Z Ferdaus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.Z.F, R.B.K., E.D.)
| | - Rainelli B Koumangoye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.Z.F, R.B.K., E.D.)
| | - Paul A Welling
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (P.A.W.)
| | - Eric Delpire
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.Z.F, R.B.K., E.D.)
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Aguila A, Salah S, Kulasekaran G, Shweiki M, Shaul-Lotan N, Mor-Shaked H, Daana M, Harel T, McPherson PS. A neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a loss-of-function missense mutation in RAB35. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107124. [PMID: 38432637 PMCID: PMC10966776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rab35 (Ras-associated binding protein) is a small GTPase that regulates endosomal membrane trafficking and functions in cell polarity, cytokinesis, and growth factor signaling. Altered Rab35 function contributes to progression of glioblastoma, defects in primary cilia formation, and altered cytokinesis. Here, we report a pediatric patient with global developmental delay, hydrocephalus, a Dandy-Walker malformation, axial hypotonia with peripheral hypertonia, visual problems, and conductive hearing impairment. Exome sequencing identified a homozygous missense variant in the GTPase fold of RAB35 (c.80G>A; p.R27H) as the most likely candidate. Functional analysis of the R27H-Rab35 variant protein revealed enhanced interaction with its guanine-nucleotide exchange factor, DENND1A and decreased interaction with a known effector, MICAL1, indicating that the protein is in an inactive conformation. Cellular expression of the variant drives the activation of Arf6, a small GTPase under negative regulatory control of Rab35. Importantly, variant expression leads to delayed cytokinesis and altered length, number, and Arl13b composition of primary cilia, known factors in neurodevelopmental disease. Our findings provide evidence of altered Rab35 function as a causative factor of a neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Aguila
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Somaya Salah
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gopinath Kulasekaran
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Moatasem Shweiki
- Neurosurgery Department, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nava Shaul-Lotan
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagar Mor-Shaked
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Muhannad Daana
- Child Development Centers, Clalit Health Care Services, Yokne'am Illit, Israel
| | - Tamar Harel
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Peter S McPherson
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Zhao J, Hua J, Zhan Y, Chen C, Liu Y, Yang L, Wang H, Wang H, Li J. O-GlcNAcylation stimulates the deubiquitination activity of USP16 and regulates cell cycle progression. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107150. [PMID: 38462164 PMCID: PMC10998217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone 2A monoubiquitination (uH2A) underscores a key epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In this report, we show that the deubiquitinase for uH2A, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 16 (USP16), is modified by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). O-GlcNAcylation involves the installation of the O-GlcNAc moiety to Ser/Thr residues. It crosstalks with Ser/Thr phosphorylation, affects protein-protein interaction, alters enzyme activity or protein folding, and changes protein subcellular localization. In our study, we first confirmed that USP16 is glycosylated on Thr203 and Ser214, as reported in a previous chemoenzymatic screen. We then discovered that mutation of the O-GlcNAcylation site Thr203, which is adjacent to deubiquitination-required Cys204, reduces the deubiquitination activity toward H2AK119ub in vitro and in cells, while mutation on Ser214 had the opposite effects. Using USP16 Ser552 phosphorylation-specific antibodies, we demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation antagonizes cyclin-dependent kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation and promotes USP16 nuclear export. O-GlcNAcylation of USP16 is also required for deubiquitination of Polo-like kinase 1, a mitotic master kinase, and the subsequent chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. In summary, our study revealed that O-GlcNAcylation of USP16 at Thr203 and Ser214 coordinates deubiquitination of uH2A and Polo-like kinase 1, thus ensuring proper cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Yue Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqian Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Hengbin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA; Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Chen Y, Jiao W, Wang Y, Liang Z, Wang L, Li D, Liang Y, Niu H. Microtubule interacting and trafficking domain containing 1 deficiency leads to poor survival via tissue factor-mediated coagulation in bladder cancer. J Thromb Haemost 2024:S1538-7836(24)00173-9. [PMID: 38554936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cancer are at an increased risk of developing a hypercoagulative phenotype and venous thromboembolism. However, no clinical trial has yet confirmed that anticoagulant therapy improves cancer prognosis, and the mechanism underlying hypercoagulation in patients with bladder cancer is not well understood. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that the prognostic genes affect tumor progression via tumor-mediated coagulation. METHODS We detected the most significant prognostic genes of bladder cancer with The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and validated them in 2 Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and 1 ArrayExpress dataset. Immunohistochemical tests were performed on a cohort of 80 individuals to further examine the prognostic genes. For the most reliable prognostic gene, its influence on coagulation was evaluated with gene knockdown followed by next-generation sequencing and cellular and animal experiments. RESULTS Depletion of microtubule interacting and trafficking domain containing 1 (MITD1), a major prognostic gene of bladder cancer, significantly increased the tissue factor (TF) expression. MITD1 deficiency led to cytokinesis arrest, which, in turn, promoted the TF expression via unfolded protein response and c-Jun. The knockdown of IRE1, an essential kinase of unfolded protein response or the inactivation of c-Jun using c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors weakened MITD1 deficiency- or dithiothreitol-induced TF upregulation. Cells lacking MITD1 promoted coagulation and metastasis in the experimental metastasis assay. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest the novel role of tumor prognostic genes upon the development of hypercoagulative phenotype and venous thromboembolism, thereby underlining the importance of anticoagulant therapy and shedding light on the therapeutic value of targeting MITD1 in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Chen
- Qingdao Clinical Medical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhijuan Liang
- Qingdao Clinical Medical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Qingdao Clinical Medical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Li
- Qingdao Clinical Medical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ye Liang
- Qingdao Clinical Medical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Haitao Niu
- Qingdao Clinical Medical Research Center for Urinary System Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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10
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Goupil E, Lacroix L, Brière J, Guga S, Saba-El-Leil MK, Meloche S, Labbé JC. OSGN-1 is a conserved flavin-containing monooxygenase required to stabilize the intercellular bridge in late cytokinesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2308570121. [PMID: 38442170 PMCID: PMC10945809 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308570121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis is the last step of cell division and is regulated by the small GTPase RhoA. RhoA activity is required for all steps of cytokinesis, including prior to abscission when daughter cells are ultimately physically separated. Like germ cells in all animals, the Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic germline founder cell initiates cytokinesis but does not complete abscission, leaving a stable intercellular bridge between the two daughter cells. Here, we identify and characterize C. elegans OSGN-1 as a cytokinetic regulator that promotes RhoA activity during late cytokinesis. Sequence analyses and biochemical reconstitutions reveal that OSGN-1 is a flavin-containing monooxygenase (MO). Genetic analyses indicate that the MO activity of OSGN-1 is required to maintain active RhoA at the end of cytokinesis in the germline founder cell and to stabilize the intercellular bridge. Deletion of OSGIN1 in human cells results in an increase in binucleation as a result of cytokinetic furrow regression, and this phenotype can be rescued by expressing a catalytically active form of C. elegans OSGN-1, indicating that OSGN-1 and OSGIN1 are functional orthologs. We propose that OSGN-1 and OSGIN1 are conserved MO enzymes required to maintain RhoA activity at the intercellular bridge during late cytokinesis and thus favor its stability, enabling proper abscission in human cells and bridge stabilization in C. elegans germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugénie Goupil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Léa Lacroix
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jonathan Brière
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sandra Guga
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marc K. Saba-El-Leil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Labbé
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QCH3C 3J7, Canada
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11
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Sinclair R, Wang M, Jawaid MZ, Longkumer T, Aaron J, Rossetti B, Wait E, McDonald K, Cox D, Heddleston J, Wilkop T, Drakakaki G. Four-dimensional quantitative analysis of cell plate development using lattice light sheet microscopy identifies robust transition points between growth phases. J Exp Bot 2024:erae091. [PMID: 38436428 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cell plate formation during cytokinesis entails multiple stages occurring concurrently and requiring orchestrated vesicle delivery, membrane remodeling, and timely polysaccharide deposition, such as callose. Understanding such a dynamic process requires dissection in time and space; this has been a major hurdle in studying cytokinesis. Using lattice light sheet microscopy (LLSM) we studied cell plate development in four dimensions, through the behavior of the cytokinesis specific GTPase YFP-RABA2a vesicles. We monitored the entire length of cell plate development, from its first emergence, with the aid of YFP-RABA2a, both in the presence and absence of cytokinetic callose. By developing a robust cytokinetic vesicle volume analysis pipeline, we identified distinct behavioral patterns, allowing the identification of three easily trackable, cell plate developmental phases. Notably, the phase transition between phase I and phase II is striking, indicating a switch from membrane accumulation to the recycling of excess membrane material. We interrogated the role of callose using pharmacological inhibition with LLSM and electron microscopy. Loss of callose inhibited the phase transitions, establishing the critical role and timing of the polysaccharide deposition in cell plate expansion and maturation. This study exemplifies the power of combining LLSM with quantitative analysis to decode and untangle such a complex process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minmin Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kent McDonald
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of California Berkeley
| | - Daniel Cox
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Davis
| | | | - Thomas Wilkop
- Department of Molecular Cellular Biology, Light Microscope Core, University of California Davis
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12
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Advedissian T, Frémont S, Echard A. Cytokinetic abscission requires actin-dependent microtubule severing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1949. [PMID: 38431632 PMCID: PMC10908825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46062-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell division is completed by the abscission of the intercellular bridge connecting the daughter cells. Abscission requires the polymerization of an ESCRT-III cone close to the midbody to both recruit the microtubule severing enzyme spastin and scission the plasma membrane. Here, we found that the microtubule and the membrane cuts are two separate events that are regulated differently. Using HeLa cells, we uncovered that the F-actin disassembling protein Cofilin-1 controls the disappearance of a transient pool of branched F-actin which is precisely assembled at the tip of the ESCRT-III cone shortly before the microtubule cut. Functionally, Cofilin-1 and Arp2/3-mediated branched F-actin favor abscission by promoting local severing of the microtubules but do not participate later in the membrane scission event. Mechanistically, we propose that branched F-actin functions as a physical barrier that limits ESCRT-III cone elongation and thereby favors stable spastin recruitment. Our work thus reveals that F-actin controls the timely and local disassembly of microtubules required for cytokinetic abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Advedissian
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Frémont
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France.
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13
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Hyodo T, Asano-Inami E, Ito S, Sugiyama M, Nawa A, Rahman ML, Hasan MN, Mihara Y, Lam VQ, Karnan S, Ota A, Tsuzuki S, Hamaguchi M, Hosokawa Y, Konishi H. Leucine zipper protein 1 (LUZP1) regulates the constriction velocity of the contractile ring during cytokinesis. FEBS J 2024; 291:927-944. [PMID: 38009294 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
There has been a great deal of research on cell division and its mechanisms; however, its processes still have many unknowns. To find novel proteins that regulate cell division, we performed the screening using siRNAs and/or the expression plasmid of the target genes and identified leucine zipper protein 1 (LUZP1). Recent studies have shown that LUZP1 interacts with various proteins and stabilizes the actin cytoskeleton; however, the function of LUZP1 in mitosis is not known. In this study, we found that LUZP1 colocalized with the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) at the centromere in metaphase and at the central spindle in anaphase and that these LUZP1 localizations were regulated by CPC activity and kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A). Mass spectrometry analysis identified that LUZP1 interacted with death-associated protein kinase 3 (DAPK3), one regulator of the cleavage furrow ingression in cytokinesis. In addition, we found that LUZP1 also interacted with myosin light chain 9 (MYL9), a substrate of DAPK3, and comprehensively inhibited MYL9 phosphorylation by DAPK3. In line with a known role for MYL9 in the actin-myosin contraction, LUZP1 suppression accelerated the constriction velocity at the division plane in our time-lapse analysis. Our study indicates that LUZP1 is a novel regulator for cytokinesis that regulates the constriction velocity of the contractile ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Hyodo
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Eri Asano-Inami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Bell Research Center, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Mai Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Bell Research Center, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Bell Research Center, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Md Lutfur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Muhammad Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yuko Mihara
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Vu Quang Lam
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Sivasundaram Karnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Akinobu Ota
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tsuzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | | | - Yoshitaka Hosokawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
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14
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Cvrčková F, Ghosh R, Kočová H. Transmembrane formins as active cargoes of membrane trafficking. J Exp Bot 2024:erae078. [PMID: 38401146 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Formins are a large, evolutionarily old family of plant cytoskeletal regulators whose roles include actin capping and nucleation, as well as modulation of microtubule dynamics. The plant class I formin clade is characterized by a unique domain organization, as most of its members are transmembrane proteins with possible cell wall-binding motifs exposed to the extracytoplasmic space - a structure that appears to be a synapomorphy of the plant kingdom. While such transmembrane formins are traditionally considered mainly as plasmalemma-localized proteins contributing to the organization of the cell cortex, we review, from a cell biology perspective, the growing evidence that they can also, at least temporarily, reside (and in some cases also function) in endomembranes including secretory and endocytotic pathway compartments, the endoplasmic reticulum, the nuclear envelope and the tonoplast. Based on this evidence, we propose that class I formins may thus serve as "active cargoes" of membrane trafficking, i.e. membrane-embedded proteins that modulate the fate of endo- or exocytotic compartments while being transported by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Cvrčková
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, CZ 128 43 Praha 2, Czechia
| | - Rajdeep Ghosh
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, CZ 128 43 Praha 2, Czechia
| | - Helena Kočová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, CZ 128 43 Praha 2, Czechia
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15
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Rezig IM, Yaduma WG, McInerny CJ. Processes Controlling the Contractile Ring during Cytokinesis in Fission Yeast, Including the Role of ESCRT Proteins. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:154. [PMID: 38392827 PMCID: PMC10890238 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis, as the last stage of the cell division cycle, is a tightly controlled process amongst all eukaryotes, with defective division leading to severe cellular consequences and implicated in serious human diseases and conditions such as cancer. Both mammalian cells and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe use binary fission to divide into two equally sized daughter cells. Similar to mammalian cells, in S. pombe, cytokinetic division is driven by the assembly of an actomyosin contractile ring (ACR) at the cell equator between the two cell tips. The ACR is composed of a complex network of membrane scaffold proteins, actin filaments, myosin motors and other cytokinesis regulators. The contraction of the ACR leads to the formation of a cleavage furrow which is severed by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins, leading to the final cell separation during the last stage of cytokinesis, the abscission. This review describes recent findings defining the two phases of cytokinesis in S. pombe: ACR assembly and constriction, and their coordination with septation. In summary, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the mechanisms regulating ACR-mediated cytokinesis in S. pombe and emphasize a potential role of ESCRT proteins in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane M Rezig
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Davidson Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Wandiahyel G Yaduma
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Davidson Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Adamawa State College of Education, Hong 640001, Adamawa State, Nigeria
| | - Christopher J McInerny
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Davidson Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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16
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Tran MT, Ho CNQ, Hoang SN, Doan CC, Nguyen MT, Van HD, Ly CN, Le CPM, Hoang HNQ, Nguyen HTM, Truong HT, To QM, Nguyen TTT, Le LT. Morphological Changes of 3T3 Cells under Simulated Microgravity. Cells 2024; 13:344. [PMID: 38391957 PMCID: PMC10887114 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cells are sensitive to changes in gravity, especially the cytoskeletal structures that determine cell morphology. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of simulated microgravity (SMG) on 3T3 cell morphology, as demonstrated by a characterization of the morphology of cells and nuclei, alterations of microfilaments and microtubules, and changes in cycle progression. METHODS 3T3 cells underwent induced SMG for 72 h with Gravite®, while the control group was under 1G. Fluorescent staining was applied to estimate the morphology of cells and nuclei and the cytoskeleton distribution of 3T3 cells. Cell cycle progression was assessed by using the cell cycle app of the Cytell microscope, and Western blot was conducted to determine the expression of the major structural proteins and main cell cycle regulators. RESULTS The results show that SMG led to decreased nuclear intensity, nuclear area, and nuclear shape and increased cell diameter in 3T3 cells. The 3T3 cells in the SMG group appeared to have a flat form and diminished microvillus formation, while cells in the control group displayed an apical shape and abundant microvilli. The 3T3 cells under SMG exhibited microtubule distribution surrounding the nucleus, compared to the perinuclear accumulation in control cells. Irregular forms of the contractile ring and polar spindle were observed in 3T3 cells under SMG. The changes in cytoskeleton structure were caused by alterations in the expression of major cytoskeletal proteins, including β-actin and α-tubulin 3. Moreover, SMG induced 3T3 cells into the arrest phase by reducing main cell cycle related genes, which also affected the formation of cytoskeleton structures such as microfilaments and microtubules. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that SMG generated morphological changes in 3T3 cells by remodeling the cytoskeleton structure and downregulating major structural proteins and cell cycle regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thi Tran
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam;
| | - Chi Nguyen Quynh Ho
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City 100000, Vietnam
| | - Son Nghia Hoang
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City 100000, Vietnam
| | - Chung Chinh Doan
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City 100000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thai Nguyen
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
| | - Huy Duc Van
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
| | - Cang Ngoc Ly
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
| | - Cuong Phan Minh Le
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
| | - Huy Nghia Quang Hoang
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City 100000, Vietnam
| | - Han Thai Minh Nguyen
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
- Biotechnology Innovation Center, University of New Hampshire, Manchester, NH 03101, USA
| | - Han Thi Truong
- Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
| | - Quan Minh To
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam;
| | - Tram Thi Thuy Nguyen
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
- Faculty of General Biomedical, University of Physical Education and Sport, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Long Thanh Le
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam; (C.N.Q.H.); (S.N.H.); (C.C.D.); (M.T.N.); (H.D.V.); (C.N.L.); (C.P.M.L.); (H.N.Q.H.); (H.T.M.N.); (T.T.T.N.)
- Biotechnology Department, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City 100000, Vietnam
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17
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Antkowiak KR, Coskun P, Noronha ST, Tavella D, Massi F, Ryder SP. A nematode model to evaluate microdeletion phenotype expression. G3 (Bethesda) 2024; 14:jkad258. [PMID: 37956108 PMCID: PMC10849325 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Microdeletion syndromes are genetic diseases caused by multilocus chromosomal deletions too small to be detected by karyotyping. They are typified by complex pleiotropic developmental phenotypes that depend both on the extent of the deletion and variations in genetic background. Microdeletion alleles cause a wide array of consequences involving multiple pathways. How simultaneous haploinsufficiency of numerous adjacent genes leads to complex and variable pleiotropic phenotypes is not well understood. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been shown to induce microdeletion-like alleles at a meaningful rate. Here, we describe a microdeletion allele in Caenorhabditis elegans recovered during a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing experiment. We mapped the allele to chromosome V, balanced it with a reciprocal translocation crossover suppressor, and precisely defined the breakpoint junction. The allele simultaneously removes 32 protein-coding genes, yet animals homozygous for this mutation are viable as adults. Homozygous animals display a complex phenotype including maternal effect lethality, producing polynucleated embryos that grow into uterine tumors, vulva morphogenesis defects, body wall distensions, uncoordinated movement, and a shortened life span typified by death by bursting. Our work provides an opportunity to explore the complexity and penetrance of microdeletion phenotypes in a simple genetic model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katianna R Antkowiak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Peren Coskun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sharon T Noronha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Davide Tavella
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Francesca Massi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Sean P Ryder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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18
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Hall AR, Choi YK, Im W, Vavylonis D. Anillin-related Mid1 as an adaptive and multimodal contractile ring anchoring protein: A simulation study. Structure 2024; 32:242-252.e2. [PMID: 38103546 PMCID: PMC10872332 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinesis of animal and fungi cells depends crucially on the anillin scaffold proteins. Fission yeast anillin-related Mid1 anchors cytokinetic ring precursor nodes to the membrane. However, it is unclear if both of its Pleckstrin Homology (PH) and C2 C-terminal domains bind to the membrane as monomers or dimers, and if one domain plays a dominant role. We studied Mid1 membrane binding with all-atom molecular dynamics near a membrane with yeast-like lipid composition. In simulations with the full C terminal region started away from the membrane, Mid1 binds through the disordered L3 loop of C2 in a vertical orientation, with the PH away from the membrane. However, a configuration with both C2 and PH initially bound to the membrane remains associated with the membrane. Simulations of C2-PH dimers show extensive asymmetric membrane contacts. These multiple modes of binding may reflect Mid1's multiple interactions with membranes, node proteins, and ability to sustain mechanical forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Hall
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18017, USA
| | - Yeol Kyo Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18017, USA
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18017, USA
| | - Dimitrios Vavylonis
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18017, USA; Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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19
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Hu M, Ren Z, Rong N, Bai M, Wu H, Yang M. A possible pattern in the evolution of male meiotic cytokinesis in angiosperms. AoB Plants 2024; 16:plae017. [PMID: 38585158 PMCID: PMC10998459 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Evolution of cellular characteristics is a fundamental aspect of evolutionary biology, but knowledge about evolution at the cellular level is very limited. In particular, whether a certain intracellular characteristic evolved in angiosperms, and what significance of such evolution is to angiosperms, if it exists, are important and yet unanswered questions. We have found that bidirectional cytokinesis occurs or likely occurs in male meiosis in extant basal and near-basal angiosperm lineages, which differs from the unidirectional cytokinesis in male meiosis in monocots and eudicots. This pattern of cytokinesis in angiosperms seems to align with the distribution pattern of angiosperms with the lineages basal to monocots and eudicots living in tropical, subtropical or temperate environments and monocots and eudicots in an expanded range of environments including tropical, subtropical, temperate, subarctic and arctic environments. These two cytokinetic modes seem to result from two phragmoplast types, respectively. A phragmoplast in the bidirectional cytokinesis dynamically associates with the leading edge of a growing cell plate whereas a phragmoplast in the unidirectional cytokinesis is localized to an entire division plane. The large assembly of microtubules in the phragmoplast in unidirectional cytokinesis may be indicative of increased microtubule stability compared with that of the small microtubule assembly in the phragmoplast in bidirectional cytokinesis. Microtubules could conceivably increase their stability from evolutionary changes in tubulins and/or microtubule-associated proteins. Microtubules are very sensitive to low temperatures, which should be a reason for plants to be sensitive to low temperatures. If monocots and eudicots have more stable microtubules than other angiosperms, they will be expected to deal with low temperatures better than other angiosperms. Future investigations into the male meiotic cytokinetic directions, microtubule stability at low temperatures, and proteins affecting microtubule stability in more species may shed light on how plants evolved to inhabit cold environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Zhanhong Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ning Rong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mei Bai
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hong Wu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, 301 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
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20
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Zheng S, Zheng B, Fu C. The Roles of Septins in Regulating Fission Yeast Cytokinesis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:115. [PMID: 38392788 PMCID: PMC10890454 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis is required to separate two daughter cells at the end of mitosis, and septins play crucial roles in many aspects of cytokinesis. While septins have been intensively studied in many model organisms, including the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, septins have been relatively less characterized in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which has proven to be an excellent model organism for studying fundamental cell biology. In this review, we summarize the findings of septins made in fission yeasts mainly from four aspects: the domain structure of septins, the localization of septins during the cell cycle, the roles of septins in regulating cytokinesis, and the regulatory proteins of septins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology & Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Biyu Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology & Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Chuanhai Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics & Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology & Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
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21
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Ge S, Sun P, Wu W, Chen X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Huang J, Liang YK. COBL7 is required for stomatal formation via regulation of cellulose deposition in Arabidopsis. New Phytol 2024; 241:227-242. [PMID: 37853545 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
As a key regulator of plant photosynthesis, water use efficiency and immunity, stomata are specialized cellular structures that adopt defined shapes. However, our knowledge about the genetic players of stomatal pore formation and stomatal morphogenesis remains limited. Forward genetic screening, positional cloning, confocal and electron microscopy, physiological and pharmacological assays were employed for isolation and characterization of mutants and genes. We identified a mutant, dsm1, with impaired cytokinesis and deformed stomata. DSM1 is highly expressed in guard mother cells and guard cells, and encodes COBRA-LIKE 7 (COBL7), a plant-specific glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein. COBRA-LIKE 7 and its closest homologue, COBL8, are first enriched on the forming cell plates during cytokinesis, and then their subcellular distribution and abundance change are correlated with the progressive stages of stomatal pore formation. Both COBL7 and COBL8 possess an ability to bind cellulose. Perturbing the expression of COBL7 and COBL8 leads to a decrease in cellulose content and inhibition of stomatal pore development. Moreover, we found that COBL7, COBL8 and CSLD5 have synergistic effects on stomatal development and plant growth. Our findings reveal that COBL7 plays a predominant and functionally redundant role with COBL8 in stomatal formation through regulating cellulose deposition and ventral wall modification in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Pengyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xinhang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jirong Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yun-Kuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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22
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Basu B, Lake AVR, China B, Szymanska K, Wheway G, Bell S, Morrison E, Bond J, Johnson CA. Racgap1 knockdown results in cells with multiple cilia due to cytokinesis failure. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:45-57. [PMID: 37771269 PMCID: PMC10952936 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Most mammalian cells have a single primary cilium that acts as a signalling hub in mediating cellular functions. However, little is known about the mechanisms that result in aberrant supernumerary primary cilia per cell. In this study, we re-analysed a previously published whole-genome siRNA-based reverse genetic screen for genes mediating ciliogenesis to identify knockdowns that permit multi-ciliation. We identified siRNA knockdowns that caused significant formation of supernumerary cilia, validated candidate hits in different cell-lines and confirmed that RACGAP1, a component of the centralspindlin complex, was the strongest candidate hit at the whole-genome level. Following loss of RACGAP1, mother centrioles were specified correctly prior to ciliogenesis and the cilia appeared normal. Live cell imaging revealed that increased cilia incidence was caused by cytokinesis failure which led to the formation of multinucleate cells with supernumerary cilia. This suggests that the signalling mechanisms for ciliogenesis are unable to identify supernumerary centrosomes and therefore allow ciliation of duplicated centrosomes as if they were in a new diploid daughter cell. These results, demonstrating that aberrant ciliogenesis is de-coupled from cell cycle regulation, have functional implications in diseases marked by centrosomal amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudha Basu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Alice V. R. Lake
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Becky China
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Katarzyna Szymanska
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Gabrielle Wheway
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
- Faculty of Medicine, Human Development and HealthUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
| | - Sandra Bell
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Ewan Morrison
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Jacquelyn Bond
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Colin A. Johnson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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23
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Wang K, Okada H, Wloka C, Bi E. Unraveling the mechanisms and evolution of a two-domain module in IQGAP proteins for controlling eukaryotic cytokinesis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113510. [PMID: 38041816 PMCID: PMC10809011 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The IQGAP family of proteins plays a crucial role in cytokinesis across diverse organisms, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that IQGAPs in budding yeast, fission yeast, and human cells use a two-domain module to regulate their localization as well as the assembly and disassembly of the actomyosin ring during cytokinesis. Strikingly, the calponin homology domains (CHDs) in these IQGAPs bind to distinct cellular F-actin structures with varying specificity, whereas the non-conserved domains immediately downstream of the CHDs in these IQGAPs all target the division site, but differ in timing, localization strength, and binding partners. We also demonstrate that human IQGAP3 acts in parallel to septins and myosin-IIs to mediate the role of anillin in cytokinesis. Collectively, our findings highlight the two-domain mechanism by which IQGAPs regulate cytokinesis in distantly related organisms as well as their evolutionary conservation and divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangji Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA
| | - Hiroki Okada
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA
| | - Carsten Wloka
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA; Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, A Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, The Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erfei Bi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6058, USA.
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24
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Liffner B, Cepeda Diaz AK, Blauwkamp J, Anaguano D, Frolich S, Muralidharan V, Wilson DW, Dvorin JD, Absalon S. Atlas of Plasmodium falciparum intraerythrocytic development using expansion microscopy. eLife 2023; 12:RP88088. [PMID: 38108809 PMCID: PMC10727503 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites exhibit tremendous diversity in much of their fundamental cell biology, but study of these organisms using light microscopy is often hindered by their small size. Ultrastructural expansion microscopy (U-ExM) is a microscopy preparation method that physically expands the sample by ~4.5×. Here, we apply U-ExM to the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum during the asexual blood stage of its lifecycle to understand how this parasite is organized in three dimensions. Using a combination of dye-conjugated reagents and immunostaining, we have cataloged 13 different P. falciparum structures or organelles across the intraerythrocytic development of this parasite and made multiple observations about fundamental parasite cell biology. We describe that the outer centriolar plaque and its associated proteins anchor the nucleus to the parasite plasma membrane during mitosis. Furthermore, the rhoptries, Golgi, basal complex, and inner membrane complex, which form around this anchoring site while nuclei are still dividing, are concurrently segregated and maintain an association to the outer centriolar plaque until the start of segmentation. We also show that the mitochondrion and apicoplast undergo sequential fission events while maintaining an association with the outer centriolar plaque during cytokinesis. Collectively, this study represents the most detailed ultrastructural analysis of P. falciparum during its intraerythrocytic development to date and sheds light on multiple poorly understood aspects of its organelle biogenesis and fundamental cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Liffner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisUnited States
| | - Ana Karla Cepeda Diaz
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s HospitalBostonUnited States
| | - James Blauwkamp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisUnited States
| | - David Anaguano
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of GeorgiaAthensUnited States
- Department of Cellular Biology, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of GeorgiaAthensUnited States
| | - Sonja Frolich
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
| | - Vasant Muralidharan
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of GeorgiaAthensUnited States
- Department of Cellular Biology, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of GeorgiaAthensUnited States
| | - Danny W Wilson
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial RoadMelbourneAustralia
| | - Jeffrey D Dvorin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s HospitalBostonUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Sabrina Absalon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisUnited States
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25
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Hsu CR, Sangha G, Fan W, Zheng J, Sugioka K. Contractile ring mechanosensation and its anillin-dependent tuning during early embryogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8138. [PMID: 38065974 PMCID: PMC10709429 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis plays crucial roles in morphogenesis. Previous studies have examined how tissue mechanics influences the position and closure direction of the contractile ring. However, the mechanisms by which the ring senses tissue mechanics remain largely elusive. Here, we show the mechanism of contractile ring mechanosensation and its tuning during asymmetric ring closure of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Integrative analysis of ring closure and cell cortex dynamics revealed that mechanical suppression of the ring-directed cortical flow is associated with asymmetric ring closure. Consistently, artificial obstruction of ring-directed cortical flow induces asymmetric ring closure in otherwise symmetrically dividing cells. Anillin is vital for mechanosensation. Our genetic analysis suggests that the positive feedback loop among ring-directed cortical flow, myosin enrichment, and ring constriction constitutes a mechanosensitive pathway driving asymmetric ring closure. These findings and developed tools should advance the 4D mechanobiology of cytokinesis in more complex tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Rou Hsu
- Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Gaganpreet Sangha
- Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Wayne Fan
- Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Joey Zheng
- Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Kenji Sugioka
- Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada.
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z3, Canada.
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26
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Ricardi MM, Wallmeroth N, Cermesoni C, Mehlhorn DG, Richter S, Zhang L, Mittendorf J, Godehardt I, Berendzen KW, von Roepenack-Lahaye E, Stierhof YD, Lipka V, Jürgens G, Grefen C. A tyrosine phospho-switch within the Longin domain of VAMP721 modulates SNARE functionality. Plant J 2023; 116:1633-1651. [PMID: 37659090 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The final step in secretion is membrane fusion facilitated by SNARE proteins that reside in opposite membranes. The formation of a trans-SNARE complex between one R and three Q coiled-coiled SNARE domains drives the final approach of the membranes providing the mechanical energy for fusion. Biological control of this mechanism is exerted by additional domains within some SNAREs. For example, the N-terminal Longin domain (LD) of R-SNAREs (also called Vesicle-associated membrane proteins, VAMPs) can fold back onto the SNARE domain blocking interaction with other cognate SNAREs. The LD may also determine the subcellular localization via interaction with other trafficking-related proteins. Here, we provide cell-biological and genetic evidence that phosphorylation of the Tyrosine57 residue regulates the functionality of VAMP721. We found that an aspartate mutation mimics phosphorylation, leading to protein instability and subsequent degradation in lytic vacuoles. The mutant SNARE also fails to rescue the defects of vamp721vamp722 loss-of-function lines in spite of its wildtype-like localization within the secretory pathway and the ability to interact with cognate SNARE partners. Most importantly, it imposes a dominant negative phenotype interfering with root growth, normal secretion and cytokinesis in wildtype plants generating large aggregates that mainly contain secretory vesicles. Non-phosphorylatable VAMP721Y57F needs higher gene dosage to rescue double mutants in comparison to native VAMP721 underpinning that phosphorylation modulates SNARE function. We propose a model where short-lived phosphorylation of Y57 serves as a regulatory step to control VAMP721 activity, favoring its open state and interaction with cognate partners to ultimately drive membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martiniano Maria Ricardi
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Niklas Wallmeroth
- University of Tübingen, ZMBP Developmental Genetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cecilia Cermesoni
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Sandra Richter
- University of Tübingen, ZMBP Developmental Genetics, Tübingen, Germany
- University of Tübingen, ZMBP Central Facilities, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lei Zhang
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Josephine Mittendorf
- University of Göttingen, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute of Plant Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Godehardt
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Volker Lipka
- University of Göttingen, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute of Plant Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Jürgens
- University of Tübingen, ZMBP Developmental Genetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christopher Grefen
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
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27
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Arima T, Okita K, Yumura S. Dynamics of actomyosin filaments in the contractile ring revealed by ultrastructural analysis. Genes Cells 2023; 28:845-856. [PMID: 37844904 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinesis, the final process of cell division, involves the accumulation of actin and myosin II filaments at the cell's equator, forming a contractile ring that facilitates the division into two daughter cells. While light microscopy has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of this process, it has limitations in examining individual filaments in vivo. In this study, we utilized transmission electron microscopy to observe actin and myosin II filaments in the contractile rings of dividing Dictyostelium cells. To synchronize cytokinesis, we developed a novel method that allowed us to visualize dividing cells undergoing cytokinesis with a frequency as high as 18%. This improvement enabled us to examine the lengths and alignments of individual filaments within the contractile rings. As the furrow constricted, the length of actin filaments gradually decreased. Moreover, both actin and myosin II filaments reoriented perpendicularly to the long axis during furrow constriction. Through experiments involving myosin II null cells, we discovered that myosin II plays a role in regulating both the lengths and alignments of actin filaments. Additionally, dynamin-like protein A was found to contribute to regulating the length of actin filaments, while cortexillins were involved in regulating their alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Arima
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okita
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Yumura
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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28
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Okada A, Yumura S. Cleavage furrow positioning in dividing Dictyostelium cells. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2023; 80:448-460. [PMID: 37650534 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Accurate placement of the cleavage furrow is crucial for successful cell division. Recent advancements have revealed that diverse mechanisms have evolved across different branches of the phylogenetic tree. Here, we employed Dictyostelium cells to validate previous models. We observed that during metaphase and early anaphase, mitotic spindles exhibited random rotary movements which ceased when the spindle elongated by approximately 7 μm. At this point, astral microtubules reached the polar cell cortex and fixed the spindle axis, causing cells to elongate by extending polar pseudopods and divide along the spindle axis. Therefore, the position of the furrow is determined when the spindle orientation is fixed. The distal ends of astral microtubules stimulate the extension of pseudopods at the polar cortex. One signal for pseudopod extension may be phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate in the cell membrane, but there appears to be another unknown signal. At the onset of polar pseudopod extension, cortical flow began from both poles toward the equator. We suggest that polar stimulation by astral microtubules determines the furrow position, induces polar pseudopod extension and cortical flow, and accumulates the elements necessary for the construction of the contractile ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Okada
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Yumura
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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29
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Souza Onofre T, Pham KTM, Zhou Q, Li Z. The microtubule quartet protein SNAP1 in Trypanosoma brucei facilitates flagellum and cell division plane positioning by promoting basal body segregation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105340. [PMID: 37838178 PMCID: PMC10656233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The unicellular protozoan Trypanosoma brucei has a single flagellum that is involved in cell motility, cell morphogenesis, and cell division. Inheritance of the newly assembled flagellum during the cell cycle requires its correct positioning, which depends on the faithful duplication or segregation of multiple flagellum-associated cytoskeletal structures, including the basal body, the flagellum attachment zone, and the hook complex. Along the flagellum attachment zone sites a set of four microtubules termed the microtubule quartet (MtQ), whose molecular function remains enigmatic. We recently reported that the MtQ-localized protein NHL1 interacts with the microtubule-binding protein TbSpef1 and regulates flagellum inheritance by promoting basal body rotation and segregation. Here, we identified a TbSpef1- and NHL1-associated protein named SNAP1, which co-localizes with NHL1 and TbSpef1 at the proximal portion of the MtQ, depends on TbSpef1 for localization and is required for NHL1 localization to the MtQ. Knockdown of SNAP1 impairs the rotation and segregation of the basal body, the elongation of the flagellum attachment zone filament, and the positioning of the newly assembled flagellum, thereby causing mis-placement of the cell division plane, a halt in cleavage furrow ingression, and an inhibition of cytokinesis completion. Together, these findings uncover a coordinating role of SNAP1 with TbSpef1 and NHL1 in facilitating flagellum positioning and cell division plane placement for the completion of cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Souza Onofre
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kieu T M Pham
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ziyin Li
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Dai H, Yang X, Sheng X, Wang Y, Zhang S, Zhang X, Hu L, Zhang Z, Dong X, Yin W, Yao L, Lu J. XPOT Disruption Suppresses TNBC Growth through Inhibition of Specific tRNA Nuclear Exportation and TTC19 Expression to Induce Cytokinesis Failure. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5319-5336. [PMID: 37928256 PMCID: PMC10620816 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) impact the development and progression of various cancers, but how individual tRNAs are modulated during triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression remains poorly understood. Here, we found that XPOT (Exportin-T), a nuclear export protein receptor of tRNAs, is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer and directly orchestrates the nuclear export of a subset of tRNAs, subsequently promoting protein synthesis and proliferation of human TNBC cells. XPOT knockdown inhibited TNBC cell proliferation in vitro, and RNA-seq indicated that XPOT is involved in the completion of cytokinesis in TNBC cells. High-throughput sequencing of tRNA revealed that XPOT specifically influenced a subset of tRNA isodecoders involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, including tRNA-Ala-AGC-10-1. Through codon preferential analysis and protein mass spectrometry, we found that XPOT preferentially transported nuclear tRNA-Ala-AGC-10-1 to the cytoplasm, driving the translation of TPR Repeat Protein 19 (TTC19). TTC19 is also indispensable for cytokinesis and proliferation of TNBC cells. Altogether, these findings provide a novel regulatory translation mechanism for preferential tRNA isodecoder nucleocytoplasmic transport through XPOT, which coordinates the spatial location of specific tRNA and the translation of mRNA to facilitate TNBC proliferation and progression. Targeting XPOT may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaonan Sheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lipeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xinrui Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wenjin Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Linli Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jinsong Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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Ng K, Hirani N, Bland T, Borrego-Pinto J, Wagner S, Kreysing M, Goehring NW. Cleavage furrow-directed cortical flows bias PAR polarization pathways to link cell polarity to cell division. Curr Biol 2023; 33:4298-4311.e6. [PMID: 37729912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
During development, the conserved PAR polarity network is continuously redeployed, requiring that it adapt to changing cellular contexts and environmental cues. In the early C. elegans embryo, polarity shifts from being a cell-autonomous process in the zygote to one that must be coordinated between neighbors as the embryo becomes multicellular. Here, we sought to explore how the PAR network adapts to this shift in the highly tractable C. elegans germline P lineage. We find that although P lineage blastomeres exhibit a distinct pattern of polarity emergence compared with the zygote, the underlying mechanochemical processes that drive polarity are largely conserved. However, changes in the symmetry-breaking cues of P lineage blastomeres ensure coordination of their polarity axis with neighboring cells. Specifically, we show that furrow-directed cortical flows associated with cytokinesis of the zygote induce symmetry breaking in the germline blastomere P1 by transporting PAR-3 into the nascent cell contact. This pool of PAR-3 then biases downstream PAR polarization pathways to establish the polarity axis of P1 with respect to the position of its anterior sister, AB. Thus, our data suggest that cytokinesis itself induces symmetry breaking through the advection of polarity proteins by furrow-directed flows. By directly linking cell polarity to cell division, furrow-directed cortical flows could be a general mechanism to ensure proper organization of cell polarity within actively dividing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- KangBo Ng
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Nisha Hirani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Tom Bland
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | | | - Susan Wagner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Moritz Kreysing
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nathan W Goehring
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Bakshi A, Iturra FE, Alamban A, Rosas-Salvans M, Dumont S, Aydogan MG. Cytoplasmic division cycles without the nucleus and mitotic CDK/cyclin complexes. Cell 2023; 186:4694-4709.e16. [PMID: 37832525 PMCID: PMC10659773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic divisions are thought to rely on nuclear divisions and mitotic signals. We demonstrate in Drosophila embryos that cytoplasm can divide repeatedly without nuclei and mitotic CDK/cyclin complexes. Cdk1 normally slows an otherwise faster cytoplasmic division cycle, coupling it with nuclear divisions, and when uncoupled, cytoplasm starts dividing before mitosis. In developing embryos where CDK/cyclin activity can license mitotic microtubule (MT) organizers like the spindle, cytoplasmic divisions can occur without the centrosome, a principal organizer of interphase MTs. However, centrosomes become essential in the absence of CDK/cyclin activity, implying that the cytoplasm can employ either the centrosome-based interphase or CDK/cyclin-dependent mitotic MTs to facilitate its divisions. Finally, we present evidence that autonomous cytoplasmic divisions occur during unperturbed fly embryogenesis and that they may help extrude mitotically stalled nuclei during blastoderm formation. We postulate that cytoplasmic divisions occur in cycles governed by a yet-to-be-uncovered clock mechanism autonomous from CDK/cyclin complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Bakshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Fabio Echegaray Iturra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrew Alamban
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Miquel Rosas-Salvans
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sophie Dumont
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Mustafa G Aydogan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Park S, Dahn R, Kurt E, Presle A, VanDenHeuvel K, Moravec C, Jambhekar A, Olukoga O, Shepherd J, Echard A, Blower M, Skop AR. The mammalian midbody and midbody remnant are assembly sites for RNA and localized translation. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1917-1932.e6. [PMID: 37552987 PMCID: PMC10592306 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Long ignored as a vestigial remnant of cytokinesis, the mammalian midbody (MB) is released post-abscission inside large extracellular vesicles called MB remnants (MBRs). Recent evidence suggests that MBRs can modulate cell proliferation and cell fate decisions. Here, we demonstrate that the MB matrix is the site of ribonucleoprotein assembly and is enriched in mRNAs that encode proteins involved in cell fate, oncogenesis, and pluripotency, which we are calling the MB granule. Both MBs and post-abscission MBRs are sites of spatiotemporally regulated translation, which is initiated when nascent daughter cells re-enter G1 and continues after extracellular release. MKLP1 and ARC are necessary for the localization and translation of RNA in the MB dark zone, whereas ESCRT-III is necessary to maintain translation levels in the MB. Our work reveals a unique translation event that occurs during abscission and within a large extracellular vesicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Randall Dahn
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elif Kurt
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Adrien Presle
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kathryn VanDenHeuvel
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cara Moravec
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Olushola Olukoga
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jason Shepherd
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Michael Blower
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahna R Skop
- Laboratory of Genetics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Paine EL, Skalicky JJ, Whitby FG, Mackay DR, Ullman KS, Hill CP, Sundquist WI. The Calpain-7 protease functions together with the ESCRT-III protein IST1 within the midbody to regulate the timing and completion of abscission. eLife 2023; 12:e84515. [PMID: 37772788 PMCID: PMC10586806 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery mediates the membrane fission step that completes cytokinetic abscission and separates dividing cells. Filaments composed of ESCRT-III subunits constrict membranes of the intercellular bridge midbody to the abscission point. These filaments also bind and recruit cofactors whose activities help execute abscission and/or delay abscission timing in response to mitotic errors via the NoCut/Abscission checkpoint. We previously showed that the ESCRT-III subunit IST1 binds the cysteine protease Calpain-7 (CAPN7) and that CAPN7 is required for both efficient abscission and NoCut checkpoint maintenance (Wenzel et al., 2022). Here, we report biochemical and crystallographic studies showing that the tandem microtubule-interacting and trafficking (MIT) domains of CAPN7 bind simultaneously to two distinct IST1 MIT interaction motifs. Structure-guided point mutations in either CAPN7 MIT domain disrupted IST1 binding in vitro and in cells, and depletion/rescue experiments showed that the CAPN7-IST1 interaction is required for (1) CAPN7 recruitment to midbodies, (2) efficient abscission, and (3) NoCut checkpoint arrest. CAPN7 proteolytic activity is also required for abscission and checkpoint maintenance. Hence, IST1 recruits CAPN7 to midbodies, where its proteolytic activity is required to regulate and complete abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott L Paine
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Jack J Skalicky
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Frank G Whitby
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Douglas R Mackay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Katharine S Ullman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Christopher P Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Wesley I Sundquist
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUnited States
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Lebedev M, Chan FY, Lochner A, Bellessem J, Osório DS, Rackles E, Mikeladze-Dvali T, Carvalho AX, Zanin E. Anillin forms linear structures and facilitates furrow ingression after septin and formin depletion. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113076. [PMID: 37665665 PMCID: PMC10548094 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During cytokinesis, a contractile ring consisting of unbranched filamentous actin (F-actin) and myosin II constricts at the cell equator. Unbranched F-actin is generated by formin, and without formin no cleavage furrow forms. In Caenorhabditis elegans, depletion of septin restores furrow ingression in formin mutants. How the cleavage furrow ingresses without a detectable unbranched F-actin ring is unknown. We report that, in this setting, anillin (ANI-1) forms a meshwork of circumferentially aligned linear structures decorated by non-muscle myosin II (NMY-2). Analysis of ANI-1 deletion mutants reveals that its disordered N-terminal half is required for linear structure formation and sufficient for furrow ingression. NMY-2 promotes the circumferential alignment of the linear ANI-1 structures and interacts with various lipids, suggesting that NMY-2 links the ANI-1 network with the plasma membrane. Collectively, our data reveal a compensatory mechanism, mediated by ANI-1 linear structures and membrane-bound NMY-2, that promotes furrowing when unbranched F-actin polymerization is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Lebedev
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department Biologie, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Department Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fung-Yi Chan
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anna Lochner
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department Biologie, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Bellessem
- Department Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Daniel S Osório
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabeth Rackles
- Department Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tamara Mikeladze-Dvali
- Department Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ana Xavier Carvalho
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Esther Zanin
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department Biologie, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Department Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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Ranaivoson FM, Crozet V, Benoit MPMH, Abdalla Mohammed Khalid A, Kikuti C, Sirkia H, El Marjou A, Miserey-Lenkei S, Asenjo AB, Sosa H, Schmidt CF, Rosenfeld SS, Houdusse A. Nucleotide-free structures of KIF20A illuminate atypical mechanochemistry in this kinesin-6. Open Biol 2023; 13:230122. [PMID: 37726093 PMCID: PMC10508983 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
KIF20A is a critical kinesin for cell division and a promising anti-cancer drug target. The mechanisms underlying its cellular roles remain elusive. Interestingly, unusual coupling between the nucleotide- and microtubule-binding sites of this kinesin-6 has been reported, but little is known about how its divergent sequence leads to atypical motility properties. We present here the first high-resolution structure of its motor domain that delineates the highly unusual structural features of this motor, including a long L6 insertion that integrates into the core of the motor domain and that drastically affects allostery and ATPase activity. Together with the high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy microtubule-bound KIF20A structure that reveals the microtubule-binding interface, we dissect the peculiarities of the KIF20A sequence that influence its mechanochemistry, leading to low motility compared to other kinesins. Structural and functional insights from the KIF20A pre-power stroke conformation highlight the role of extended insertions in shaping the motor's mechanochemical cycle. Essential for force production and processivity is the length of the neck linker in kinesins. We highlight here the role of the sequence preceding the neck linker in controlling its backward docking and show that a neck linker four times longer than that in kinesin-1 is required for the activity of this motor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanomezana Moutse Ranaivoson
- Structural Motility, CNRS UMR144, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Crozet
- Structural Motility, CNRS UMR144, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Carlos Kikuti
- Structural Motility, CNRS UMR144, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Helena Sirkia
- Structural Motility, CNRS UMR144, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Ahmed El Marjou
- Structural Motility, CNRS UMR144, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Miserey-Lenkei
- Structural Motility, CNRS UMR144, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Ana B. Asenjo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Hernando Sosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Christoph F. Schmidt
- Third Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Physics and Soft Matter Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | | | - Anne Houdusse
- Structural Motility, CNRS UMR144, Institut Curie, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
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37
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Liu X, Han M, Weng W, Li Y, Pu W, Liu K, Li X, He L, Sun R, Shen R, He Y, Liang D, Chen YH, Wang QD, Tchorz JS, Zhou B. Functional ProTracer identifies patterns of cell proliferation in tissues and underlying regulatory mechanisms. NPJ Regen Med 2023; 8:41. [PMID: 37537178 PMCID: PMC10400583 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-023-00318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A genetic system, ProTracer, has been recently developed to record cell proliferation in vivo. However, the ProTracer is initiated by an infrequently used recombinase Dre, which limits its broad application for functional studies employing floxed gene alleles. Here we generated Cre-activated functional ProTracer (fProTracer) mice, which enable simultaneous recording of cell proliferation and tissue-specific gene deletion, facilitating broad functional analysis of cell proliferation by any Cre driver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Maoying Han
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendong Weng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Pu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- Westlake University School of Life Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruilin Sun
- Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Ruling Shen
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulong He
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cam-Su Genomic Resources Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dandan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bin Zhou
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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Du P, Liu Y, Deng L, Qian D, Xue X, Yang T, Li T, Xiang Y, Ren H. AtMAC stabilizes the phragmoplast by crosslinking microtubules and actin filaments during cytokinesis. J Integr Plant Biol 2023; 65:1950-1965. [PMID: 37093857 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The phragmoplast, a structure crucial for the completion of cytokinesis in plant cells, is composed of antiparallel microtubules (MTs) and actin filaments (AFs). However, how the parallel structure of phragmoplast MTs and AFs is maintained, especially during centrifugal phragmoplast expansion, remains elusive. Here, we analyzed a new Arabidopsis thaliana MT and AF crosslinking protein (AtMAC). When AtMAC was deleted, the phragmoplast showed disintegrity during centrifugal expansion, and the resulting phragmoplast fragmentation led to incomplete cell plates. Overexpression of AtMAC increased the resistance of phragmoplasts to depolymerization and caused the formation of additional phragmoplasts during cytokinesis. Biochemical experiments showed that AtMAC crosslinked MTs and AFs in vitro, and the truncated AtMAC protein, N-CC1, was the key domain controlling the ability of AtMAC. Further analysis showed that N-CC1(51-154) is the key domain for binding MTs, and N-CC1(51-125) for binding AFs. In conclusion, AtMAC is the novel MT and AF crosslinking protein found to be involved in regulation of phragmoplast organization during centrifugal phragmoplast expansion, which is required for complete cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhou Du
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Lu Deng
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Dong Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiuhua Xue
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Tonghui Li
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Haiyun Ren
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
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39
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Salamon RJ, McKeon MC, Bae J, Zhang X, Paltzer WG, Wanless KN, Schuett AR, Nuttall DJ, Nemr SA, Sridharan R, Lee Y, Kamp TJ, Mahmoud AI. LRRC10 regulates mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle during heart regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2023; 8:39. [PMID: 37507410 PMCID: PMC10382521 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-023-00316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat containing 10 (LRRC10) is a cardiomyocyte-specific protein, but its role in cardiac biology is little understood. Recently Lrrc10 was identified as required for endogenous cardiac regeneration in zebrafish; however, whether LRRC10 plays a role in mammalian heart regeneration remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that Lrrc10-/- knockout mice exhibit a loss of the neonatal mouse regenerative response, marked by reduced cardiomyocyte cytokinesis and increased cardiomyocyte binucleation. Interestingly, LRRC10 deletion disrupts the regenerative transcriptional landscape of the regenerating neonatal mouse heart. Remarkably, cardiac overexpression of LRRC10 restores cardiomyocyte cytokinesis, increases cardiomyocyte mononucleation, and the cardiac regenerative capacity of Lrrc10-/- mice. Our results are consistent with a model in which LRRC10 is required for cardiomyocyte cytokinesis as well as regulation of the transcriptional landscape during mammalian heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Salamon
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Megan C McKeon
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Jiyoung Bae
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Xiaoya Zhang
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Wyatt G Paltzer
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Kayla N Wanless
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Alyssa R Schuett
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dakota J Nuttall
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Stephen A Nemr
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Rupa Sridharan
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Youngsook Lee
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Timothy J Kamp
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Ahmed I Mahmoud
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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40
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Kumar R, Francis V, Ioannou MS, Aguila A, Khan M, Banks E, Kulasekaran G, McPherson PS. DENND2B activates Rab35 at the intercellular bridge, regulating cytokinetic abscission and tetraploidy. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112795. [PMID: 37454296 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis relies on membrane trafficking pathways regulated by Rabs and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). During cytokinesis, the intercellular cytokinetic bridge (ICB) connecting daughter cells undergoes abscission, which requires actin depolymerization. Rab35 recruits MICAL1 to oxidize and depolymerize actin filaments. We show that DENND2B, a protein linked to cancer and congenital disorders, functions as a Rab35 GEF, recruiting and activating Rab35 at the ICB. DENND2B's N-terminal region also interacts with an active form of Rab35, suggesting that DENND2B is both a Rab35 GEF and effector. Knockdown of DENND2B delays abscission, leading to multinucleated cells and filamentous actin (F-actin) accumulation at the ICB, impairing recruitment of ESCRT-III at the abscission site. Additionally, F-actin accumulation triggers the formation of a chromatin bridge, activating the NoCut/abscission checkpoint, and DENND2B knockdown activates Aurora B kinase, a hallmark of checkpoint activation. Thus, our study identifies DENND2B as a crucial player in cytokinetic abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Vincent Francis
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maria S Ioannou
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adriana Aguila
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maleeha Khan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily Banks
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gopinath Kulasekaran
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter S McPherson
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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41
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Schindfessel C, De Storme N, Trinh HK, Geelen D. Asynapsis and meiotic restitution in tomato male meiosis induced by heat stress. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1210092. [PMID: 37521921 PMCID: PMC10373595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1210092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Susceptibility of the reproductive system to temperature fluctuations is a recurrent problem for crop production under a changing climate. The damage is complex as multiple processes in male and female gamete formation are affected, but in general, particularly pollen production is impaired. Here, the impact of short periods of elevated temperature on male meiosis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) is reported. Meiocytes in early stage flower buds exposed to heat stress (>35°C) exhibit impaired homolog synapsis resulting in partial to complete omission of chiasmata formation. In the absence of chiasmata, univalents segregate randomly developing unbalanced tetrads and polyads resulting in aneuploid spores. However, most heat-stressed meiotic buds primarily contain balanced dyads, indicating a propensity to execute meiotic restitution. With most meiocytes exhibiting a complete loss of chiasma formation and concomitantly showing a mitotic-like division, heat stress triggers first division restitution resulting in clonal spores. These findings corroborate with the plasticity of male meiosis under heat and establish a natural route for the induction of sexual polyploidization in plants and the engineering of clonal seed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Schindfessel
- Horticell Lab, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico De Storme
- Horticell Lab, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hoang Khai Trinh
- Horticell Lab, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Danny Geelen
- Horticell Lab, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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42
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Gorry RL, Brennan K, Lavin PTM, Mazurski T, Mary C, Matallanas D, Guichou JF, Mc Gee MM. Cyclophilin A Isomerisation of Septin 2 Mediates Abscission during Cytokinesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11084. [PMID: 37446263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The isomerase activity of Cyclophilin A is important for midbody abscission during cell division, however, to date, midbody substrates remain unknown. In this study, we report that the GTP-binding protein Septin 2 interacts with Cyclophilin A. We highlight a dynamic series of Septin 2 phenotypes at the midbody, previously undescribed in human cells. Furthermore, Cyclophilin A depletion or loss of isomerase activity is sufficient to induce phenotypic Septin 2 defects at the midbody. Structural and molecular analysis reveals that Septin 2 proline 259 is important for interaction with Cyclophilin A. Moreover, an isomerisation-deficient EGFP-Septin 2 proline 259 mutant displays defective midbody localisation and undergoes impaired abscission, which is consistent with data from cells with loss of Cyclophilin A expression or activity. Collectively, these data reveal Septin 2 as a novel interacting partner and isomerase substrate of Cyclophilin A at the midbody that is required for abscission during cytokinesis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Gorry
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kieran Brennan
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul T M Lavin
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tayler Mazurski
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charline Mary
- Centre de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland (SBI), School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jean-François Guichou
- Centre de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Margaret M Mc Gee
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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43
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LaFoya B, Prehoda KE. Consumption of a polarized membrane reservoir drives asymmetric membrane expansion during the unequal divisions of neural stem cells. Dev Cell 2023; 58:993-1003.e3. [PMID: 37116487 PMCID: PMC10247545 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric divisions of Drosophila neural stem cells (NSCs) produce unequally sized siblings, with most volume directed into the sibling that retains the NSC fate. Sibling size asymmetry results from the preferential expansion of the NSC sibling surface during division. Here, we show that a polarized membrane reservoir constructed by the NSC in early mitosis provides the source for expansion. The reservoir is formed from membrane domains that contain folds and microvilli that become polarized by apically directed cortical flows of actomyosin early in mitosis. When furrow ingression begins and internal pressure increases, the stores of membrane within the apical reservoir are rapidly consumed. Expansion is substantially diminished in NSCs that lack a reservoir, and membrane expansion equalizes when the reservoir is not polarized. Our results suggest that the cortical flows that remodel the plasma membrane during asymmetric cell division function to satisfy the dynamic surface area requirements of unequally dividing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce LaFoya
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1229 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Kenneth E Prehoda
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1229 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
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44
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Morrison JJ, Ferreira CN, Siler EM, Nelson K, Trebino CE, Piraino B, Camberg JL. Nucleotide-dependent activities of FtsA regulate the early establishment of a functional divisome during the Escherichia coli cell cycle. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1171376. [PMID: 37250038 PMCID: PMC10213515 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1171376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
During cell division in Escherichia coli, the highly conserved tubulin homolog FtsZ polymerizes and assembles into a ring-like structure, called the Z-ring, at the site of septation. For recruitment to the membrane surface, FtsZ polymers directly interact with membrane-associated proteins, predominantly FtsA in E. coli. FtsA shares structural homology with actin and, like actin, hydrolyzes ATP. Yeast actin detects nucleotide occupancy through a sensor region adjacent to the nucleotide binding site and adopts distinct conformations in monomeric and filamentous actin. Bacterial actin homologs also display considerable conformational flexibility across different nucleotide-bound states and polymerize. Here, we show that several amino acid residues proximal to the nucleotide binding site in FtsA are critical for function in vitro and in vivo. Each of these residues are important for ATP hydrolysis, phospholipid (PL) binding, ATP-dependent vesicle remodeling, and recruitment to the divisome in vivo, to varying degrees. Notably, we observed that Ser 84 and Glu 14 are essential for ATP-dependent vesicle remodeling and magnesium-dependent membrane release of FtsA from vesicles in vitro, and these defects likely underlie the loss of function by FtsA(E14R) and FtsA(S84L) in vivo. Finally, we demonstrate that FtsA(A188V), which is associated with temperature-sensitive growth in vivo, is defective for rapid ATP hydrolysis and ATP-dependent remodeling of PL vesicles in vitro. Together, our results show that loss of nucleotide-dependent activities by FtsA, such as ATP hydrolysis, membrane binding and release, and, most importantly, ATP-dependent PL remodeling, lead to failed Z-ring assembly and division defects in cells.
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Johnson J, Yang Y, Bian Z, Schena G, Li Y, Zhang X, Eaton DM, Gross P, Angheloiu A, Shaik A, Foster M, Berretta R, Kubo H, Mohsin S, Tian Y, Houser SR. Systemic Hypoxemia Induces Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Right Ventricular Specific Induction of Proliferation. Circ Res 2023; 132:723-740. [PMID: 36799218 PMCID: PMC10023496 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent study suggests that systemic hypoxemia in adult male mice can induce cardiac myocytes to proliferate. The goal of the present experiments was to confirm these results, provide new insights on the mechanisms that induce adult cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry, and to determine if hypoxemia also induces cardiomyocyte proliferation in female mice. METHODS EdU-containing mini pumps were implanted in 3-month-old, male and female C57BL/6 mice. Mice were placed in a hypoxia chamber, and the oxygen was lowered by 1% every day for 14 days to reach 7% oxygen. The animals remained in 7% oxygen for 2 weeks before terminal studies. Myocyte proliferation was also studied with a mosaic analysis with double markers mouse model. RESULTS Hypoxia induced cardiac hypertrophy in both left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) myocytes, with LV myocytes lengthening and RV myocytes widening and lengthening. Hypoxia induced an increase (0.01±0.01% in normoxia to 0.11±0.09% in hypoxia) in the number of EdU+ RV cardiomyocytes, with no effect on LV myocytes in male C57BL/6 mice. Similar results were observed in female mice. Furthermore, in mosaic analysis with double markers mice, hypoxia induced a significant increase in RV myocyte proliferation (0.03±0.03% in normoxia to 0.32±0.15% in hypoxia of RFP+ myocytes), with no significant change in LV myocyte proliferation. RNA sequencing showed upregulation of mitotic cell cycle genes and a downregulation of Cullin genes, which promote the G1 to S phase transition in hypoxic mice. There was significant proliferation of nonmyocytes and mild cardiac fibrosis in hypoxic mice that did not disrupt cardiac function. Male and female mice exhibited similar gene expression following hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Systemic hypoxia induces a global hypertrophic stress response that was associated with increased RV proliferation, and while LV myocytes did not show increased proliferation, our results minimally confirm previous reports that hypoxia can induce cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaslyn Johnson
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yijun Yang
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zilin Bian
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Yijia Li
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Deborah M. Eaton
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Polina Gross
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Remus Berretta
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hajime Kubo
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven R. Houser
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Sladewski TE, Campbell PC, Billington N, D'Ordine A, Cole JL, de Graffenried CL. Cytokinesis in Trypanosoma brucei relies on an orphan kinesin that dynamically crosslinks microtubules. Curr Biol 2023; 33:899-911.e5. [PMID: 36787745 PMCID: PMC10023446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Many single-celled eukaryotes have complex cell morphologies defined by microtubules arranged into higher-order structures. The auger-like shape of the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei (T. brucei) is mediated by a parallel array of microtubules that underlies the plasma membrane. The subpellicular array must be partitioned and segregated using a microtubule-based mechanism during cell division. We previously identified an orphan kinesin, KLIF, that localizes to the ingressing cleavage furrow and is essential for the completion of cytokinesis. We have characterized the biophysical properties of a truncated KLIF construct in vitro to gain mechanistic insight into the function of this novel kinesin. We find that KLIF is a non-processive dimeric kinesin that dynamically crosslinks microtubules. Microtubules crosslinked by KLIF in an antiparallel orientation are translocated relative to one another, while microtubules crosslinked parallel to one another remain static, resulting in the formation of organized parallel bundles. In addition, we find that KLIF stabilizes the alignment of microtubule plus ends. These features provide a mechanistic understanding for how KLIF functions to form a new pole of aligned microtubule plus ends that defines the shape of the new cell posterior, which is an essential requirement for the completion of cytokinesis in T. brucei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Sladewski
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Paul C Campbell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Neil Billington
- Laboratory of Physiology, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892, USA
| | - Alexandra D'Ordine
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - James L Cole
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Price KL, Tharakan DM, Cooley L. Evolutionarily conserved midbody remodeling precedes ring canal formation during gametogenesis. Dev Cell 2023; 58:474-488.e5. [PMID: 36898376 PMCID: PMC10059090 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
How canonical cytokinesis is altered during germ cell division to produce stable intercellular bridges, called "ring canals," is poorly understood. Here, using time-lapse imaging in Drosophila, we observe that ring canal formation occurs through extensive remodeling of the germ cell midbody, a structure classically associated with its function in recruiting abscission-regulating proteins in complete cytokinesis. Germ cell midbody cores reorganize and join the midbody ring rather than being discarded, and this transition is accompanied by changes in centralspindlin dynamics. The midbody-to-ring canal transformation is conserved in the Drosophila male and female germlines and during mouse and Hydra spermatogenesis. In Drosophila, ring canal formation depends on Citron kinase function to stabilize the midbody, similar to its role during somatic cell cytokinesis. Our results provide important insights into the broader functions of incomplete cytokinesis events across biological systems, such as those observed during development and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari L Price
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dyuthi M Tharakan
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lynn Cooley
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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48
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Tanasa S, Shukla N, Cairo A, Ganji RS, Mikulková P, Valuchova S, Raxwal VK, Capitao C, Schnittger A, Zdráhal Z, Riha K. A complex role of Arabidopsis CDKD;3 in meiotic progression and cytokinesis. Plant Direct 2023; 7:e477. [PMID: 36891158 PMCID: PMC9986724 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Meiosis is a specialized cell division that halves the number of chromosomes in two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation. In angiosperm plants is meiosis followed by mitotic divisions to form rudimentary haploid gametophytes. In Arabidopsis, termination of meiosis and transition to gametophytic development are governed by TDM1 and SMG7 that mediate inhibition of translation. Mutants deficient in this mechanism do not form tetrads but instead undergo multiple cycles of aberrant nuclear divisions that are likely caused by the failure to downregulate cyclin dependent kinases during meiotic exit. A suppressor screen to identify genes that contribute to meiotic exit uncovered a mutation in cyclin-dependent kinase D;3 (CDKD;3) that alleviates meiotic defects in smg7 deficient plants. The CDKD;3 deficiency prevents aberrant meiotic divisions observed in smg7 mutants or delays their onset after initiation of cytokinesis, which permits formation of functional microspores. Although CDKD;3 acts as an activator of cyclin-dependent kinase A;1 (CDKA;1), the main cyclin dependent kinase that regulates meiosis, cdkd;3 mutation appears to promote meiotic exit independently of CDKA;1. Furthermore, analysis of CDKD;3 interactome revealed enrichment for proteins implicated in cytokinesis, suggesting a more complex function of CDKD;3 in cell cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorin Tanasa
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Neha Shukla
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Albert Cairo
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Ranjani S. Ganji
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Pavlina Mikulková
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Sona Valuchova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Vivek K. Raxwal
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Claudio Capitao
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI)Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Arp Schnittger
- Department of Developmental BiologyUniversity of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Karel Riha
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
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Abstract
Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division cycle when cellular constituents are separated to produce two daughter cells. This process is driven by the formation and constriction of a contractile ring. Progression of these events is controlled by mechanisms and proteins that are evolutionary conserved in eukaryotes from fungi to humans. Genetic and molecular studies in different model organisms identified essential cytokinesis genes, with several conserved proteins, including the anillin/Mid1p proteins, constituting the core cytokinetic machinery. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe represents a well-established model organism to study eukaryotic cell cycle regulation. Cytokinesis in fission yeast and mammalian cells depends on the placement, assembly, maturation, and constriction of a medially located actin-myosin contractile ring (ACR). Here, we review aspects of the ACR assembly and cytokinesis process in fission yeast and consider the regulation of such events in mammalian cells. First, we briefly describe the role of anillin during mammalian ACR assembly and cytokinesis. Second, we describe different aspects of the anillin-like protein Mid1p regulation during the S. pombe cell cycle, including its structure, function, and phospho-regulation. Third, we briefly discuss Mid1pindependent ACR assembly in S. pombe. Fourth, we highlight emerging studies demonstrating the roles of anillin in human tumourigenesis introducing anillin as a potential drug target for cancer treatment. Collectively, we provide an overview of the current understanding of medial division and cytokinesis in S. pombe and suggest the implications of these observations in other eukaryotic organisms, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane M. Rezig
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Wandiahyel G. Yaduma
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK,Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Adamawa State College of Education Hong, Nigeria
| | - Gwyn W. Gould
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christopher J. McInerny
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK,CONTACT Christopher J. McInerny School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, UK
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50
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Prieto-Ruiz F, Gómez-Gil E, Martín-García R, Pérez-Díaz AJ, Vicente-Soler J, Franco A, Soto T, Pérez P, Madrid M, Cansado J. Myosin II regulatory light chain phosphorylation and formin availability modulate cytokinesis upon changes in carbohydrate metabolism. eLife 2023; 12:83285. [PMID: 36825780 PMCID: PMC10005788 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis, the separation of daughter cells at the end of mitosis, relies in animal cells on a contractile actomyosin ring (CAR) composed of actin and class II myosins, whose activity is strongly influenced by regulatory light chain (RLC) phosphorylation. However, in simple eukaryotes such as the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, RLC phosphorylation appears dispensable for regulating CAR dynamics. We found that redundant phosphorylation at Ser35 of the S. pombe RLC homolog Rlc1 by the p21-activated kinases Pak1 and Pak2, modulates myosin II Myo2 activity and becomes essential for cytokinesis and cell growth during respiration. Previously, we showed that the stress-activated protein kinase pathway (SAPK) MAPK Sty1 controls fission yeast CAR integrity by downregulating formin For3 levels (Gómez-Gil et al., 2020). Here, we report that the reduced availability of formin For3-nucleated actin filaments for the CAR is the main reason for the required control of myosin II contractile activity by RLC phosphorylation during respiration-induced oxidative stress. Thus, the restoration of For3 levels by antioxidants overrides the control of myosin II function regulated by RLC phosphorylation, allowing cytokinesis and cell proliferation during respiration. Therefore, fine-tuned interplay between myosin II function through Rlc1 phosphorylation and environmentally controlled actin filament availability is critical for a successful cytokinesis in response to a switch to a respiratory carbohydrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Prieto-Ruiz
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Elisa Gómez-Gil
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Rebeca Martín-García
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Armando Jesús Pérez-Díaz
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Jero Vicente-Soler
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Alejandro Franco
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Teresa Soto
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Pilar Pérez
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica (IBFG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Marisa Madrid
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - José Cansado
- Yeast Physiology Group. Department of Genetics and Microbiology. Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Ámbito Regional (CEIR) Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
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