1
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Nao N, Okagawa T, Nojiri N, Konnai S, Shimakura H, Tominaga M, Yoshida-Furihata H, Nishiyama E, Matsudaira T, Maekawa N, Murata S, Muramatsu M, Ohashi K, Saito M. Chimeric provirus of bovine leukemia virus/SMAD family member 3 in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis. Arch Virol 2024; 169:47. [PMID: 38366081 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-05970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a member of the family Retroviridae that causes enzootic bovine leukemia (EBL). However, the association between BLV infection and EBL development remains unclear. In this study, we identified a BLV/SMAD3 chimeric provirus within CC2D2A intron 30 in monoclonal expanded malignant cells from a cow with EBL. The chimeric provirus harbored a spliced SMAD3 sequence composed of exons 3-9, encoding the short isoform protein, and the BLV-SMAD3 chimeric transcript was detectable in cattle with EBL. This is the first report of a BLV chimeric provirus that might be involved in EBL tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naganori Nao
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Okagawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naomi Nojiri
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Honami Shimakura
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Misono Tominaga
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hazuka Yoshida-Furihata
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Nishiyama
- Biotechnological Research Support Division, FASMAC Co., Ltd, Atsugi, Japan
| | | | - Naoya Maekawa
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiro Murata
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masamichi Muramatsu
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ohashi
- Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masumichi Saito
- Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
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2
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Gharbaran R. Insights into the molecular roles of FOXR2 in the pathology of primary pediatric brain tumors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 192:104188. [PMID: 37879492 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box gene R2 (FOXR2) belongs to the family of FOX genes which codes for highly conserved transcription factors (TFs) with critical roles in biological processes ranging from development to organogenesis to metabolic and immune regulation to cellular homeostasis. A number of FOX genes are associated with cancer development and progression and poor prognosis. A growing body of evidence suggests that FOXR2 is an oncogene. Studies suggested important roles for FOXR2 in cancer cell growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Recent studies showed that FOXR2 is overexpressed by a subset of newly identified entities of embryonal tumors. This review discusses the role(s) FOXR2 plays in the pathology of pediatric brain cancers and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Gharbaran
- Biological Sciences Department, Bronx Community College/City University of New York, 2155 University Avenue, Bronx, NY 10453, USA.
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3
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Song J, Li L, Fang Y, Lin Y, Wu L, Wan W, Wei G, Hua F, Ying J. FOXN Transcription Factors: Regulation and Significant Role in Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1028-1039. [PMID: 37566097 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have demonstrated that cancer development is closely linked to abnormal gene expression, including alterations in the transcriptional activity of transcription factors. The Forkhead box class N (FOXN) proteins FOXN1-6 form a highly conserved class of transcription factors, which have been shown in recent years to be involved in the regulation of malignant progression in a variety of cancers. FOXNs mediate cell proliferation, cell-cycle progression, cell differentiation, metabolic homeostasis, embryonic development, DNA damage repair, tumor angiogenesis, and other critical biological processes. Therefore, transcriptional dysregulation of FOXNs can directly affect cellular physiology and promote cancer development. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the transcriptional activity of FOXNs is regulated by protein-protein interactions, microRNAs (miRNA), and posttranslational modifications (PTM). However, the mechanisms underlying the molecular regulation of FOXNs in cancer development are unclear. Here, we reviewed the molecular regulatory mechanisms of FOXNs expression and activity, their role in the malignant progression of tumors, and their value for clinical applications in cancer therapy. This review may help design experimental studies involving FOXN transcription factors, and enhance their therapeutic potential as antitumor targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Longshan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yang Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Yue Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Luojia Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Gen Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
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4
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Rigsby RK, Brahmbhatt P, Desai AB, Bathla G, Ebner BA, Gupta V, Vibhute P, Agarwal AK. Newly Recognized CNS Tumors in the 2021 World Health Organization Classification: Imaging Overview with Histopathologic and Genetic Correlation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:367-380. [PMID: 36997287 PMCID: PMC10084895 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released an updated classification of CNS tumors. This update reflects the growing understanding of the importance of genetic alterations related to tumor pathogenesis, prognosis, and potential targeted treatments and introduces 22 newly recognized tumor types. Herein, we review these 22 newly recognized entities and emphasize their imaging appearance with correlation to histologic and genetic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Rigsby
- From the Department of Radiology (R.K.R., P.B., A.B.D., V.G., P.V., A.K.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - P Brahmbhatt
- From the Department of Radiology (R.K.R., P.B., A.B.D., V.G., P.V., A.K.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - A B Desai
- From the Department of Radiology (R.K.R., P.B., A.B.D., V.G., P.V., A.K.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - G Bathla
- Department of Radiology (G.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - B A Ebner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (B.A.E.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - V Gupta
- From the Department of Radiology (R.K.R., P.B., A.B.D., V.G., P.V., A.K.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - P Vibhute
- From the Department of Radiology (R.K.R., P.B., A.B.D., V.G., P.V., A.K.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - A K Agarwal
- From the Department of Radiology (R.K.R., P.B., A.B.D., V.G., P.V., A.K.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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5
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Kattan RE, Ayesh D, Wang W. Analysis of affinity purification-related proteomic data for studying protein-protein interaction networks in cells. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad010. [PMID: 36682002 PMCID: PMC10025443 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
During intracellular signal transduction, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) facilitate protein complex assembly to regulate protein localization and function, which are critical for numerous cellular events. Over the years, multiple techniques have been developed to characterize PPIs to elucidate roles and regulatory mechanisms of proteins. Among them, the mass spectrometry (MS)-based interactome analysis has been increasing in popularity due to its unbiased and informative manner towards understanding PPI networks. However, with MS instrumentation advancing and yielding more data than ever, the analysis of a large amount of PPI-associated proteomic data to reveal bona fide interacting proteins become challenging. Here, we review the methods and bioinformatic resources that are commonly used in analyzing large interactome-related proteomic data and propose a simple guideline for identifying novel interacting proteins for biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Elizabeth Kattan
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Deena Ayesh
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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6
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Liang YX, Zhang LL, Yang L. circANKRD17(has_circ_0007883) confers paclitaxel resistance of ovarian cancer via interacting with FUS to stabilize FOXR2. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:835-850. [PMID: 36107285 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging numbers of endogenous circular RNAs (circRNAs) have gained much attention to serve as essential regulators in the carcinogenesis of human cancers. Unfortunately, the occurrence of paclitaxel (PTX) resistance to ovarian cancer remains to be responsible for the poor prognosis. Herein, the aim of our study is to reveal a dysregulation of a particular circRNA, circANKRD17 (has_circ_0007883), and its exact role involving in chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Expression patterns of circANKRD17 in PTX-resistant ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines was examined using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Role of circANKRD17 on drug resistance and cell viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Colony formation was subjected to measure cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was employed to evaluate cell cycle either or cell apoptosis. Xenograft models were constructed for further in vivo confirmation. The cicrANKRD17/FUS/FOXR2 axis was demonstrated using bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, as well as RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Dramatically high expressed circANKRD17 observed in ovarian cancer tissues and cells was correlated with PTX resistance, which indicated the poor prognosis. Functionally, knockdown of circANKRD17 decreased PTX resistance via inhibiting cell viability and inducing cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, circANKRD17 interacted with the RNA-binding protein, fused in sarcoma (FUS) to stabilize FOXR2. In summary, our study uncovered a novel machinery of circANKRD17/FUS/FOXR2 referring to ovarian cancer drug sensitivity and tumorigenesis, highlighting a potential strategy for circRNAs in chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xiu Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Youjiang District, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Ling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Youjiang District, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No.18, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Youjiang District, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Liu APY, Northcott PA. Pursuing FOXR2-Driven Oncogenesis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2977-2979. [PMID: 36052493 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
FOXR2 encodes a Forkhead-Box transcription factor that has been recently described as a proto-oncogene. In this issue of Cancer Research, Tsai and colleagues present the first pan-cancer study summarizing the prevalence of FOXR2 overexpression beyond rare childhood-onset malignancies. Identification of a previously unknown mechanism of epigenetic activation and the expansion of FOXR2 transcriptional targets enhance the mechanistic understanding of FOXR2-driven malignancy, with the potential to uncover new therapeutic opportunities. See related article by Tsai et al., p. 2980.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Y Liu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Division of Brain Tumor Research, Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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8
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Tsai JW, Cejas P, Wang DK, Patel S, Wu DW, Arounleut P, Wei X, Zhou N, Syamala S, Dubois FP, Crane A, Pelton K, Vogelzang J, Sousa C, Baguette A, Chen X, Condurat AL, Dixon-Clarke SE, Zhou KN, Lu SD, Gonzalez EM, Chacon MS, Digiacomo JJ, Kumbhani R, Novikov D, Hunter J, Tsoli M, Ziegler DS, Dirksen U, Jager N, Balasubramanian GP, Kramm CM, Nathrath M, Bielack S, Baker SJ, Zhang J, McFarland JM, Getz G, Aguet F, Jabado N, Witt O, Pfister SM, Ligon KL, Hovestadt V, Kleinman CL, Long H, Jones DT, Bandopadhayay P, Phoenix TN. FOXR2 Is an Epigenetically Regulated Pan-Cancer Oncogene That Activates ETS Transcriptional Circuits. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2980-3001. [PMID: 35802025 PMCID: PMC9437574 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box R2 (FOXR2) is a forkhead transcription factor located on the X chromosome whose expression is normally restricted to the testis. In this study, we performed a pan-cancer analysis of FOXR2 activation across more than 10,000 adult and pediatric cancer samples and found FOXR2 to be aberrantly upregulated in 70% of all cancer types and 8% of all individual tumors. The majority of tumors (78%) aberrantly expressed FOXR2 through a previously undescribed epigenetic mechanism that involves hypomethylation of a novel promoter, which was functionally validated as necessary for FOXR2 expression and proliferation in FOXR2-expressing cancer cells. FOXR2 promoted tumor growth across multiple cancer lineages and co-opted ETS family transcription circuits across cancers. Taken together, this study identifies FOXR2 as a potent and ubiquitous oncogene that is epigenetically activated across the majority of human cancers. The identification of hijacking of ETS transcription circuits by FOXR2 extends the mechanisms known to active ETS transcription factors and highlights how transcription factor families cooperate to enhance tumorigenesis. SIGNIFICANCE This work identifies a novel promoter that drives aberrant FOXR2 expression and delineates FOXR2 as a pan-cancer oncogene that specifically activates ETS transcriptional circuits across human cancers. See related commentary by Liu and Northcott, p. 2977.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica W. Tsai
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paloma Cejas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Dayle K. Wang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Smruti Patel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David W. Wu
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Phonepasong Arounleut
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Xin Wei
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ningxuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sudeepa Syamala
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Frank P.B. Dubois
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander Crane
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kristine Pelton
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jayne Vogelzang
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cecilia Sousa
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Audrey Baguette
- Quantitative Life Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7, Canada
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Alexandra L. Condurat
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah E. Dixon-Clarke
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin N. Zhou
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sophie D. Lu
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth M. Gonzalez
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Madison S. Chacon
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeromy J. Digiacomo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rushil Kumbhani
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dana Novikov
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - J'Ya Hunter
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Tsoli
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David S. Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Uta Dirksen
- West German Cancer Center, Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalie Jager
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gnana Prakash Balasubramanian
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof M. Kramm
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michaela Nathrath
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum Kassel, Kassel, Germany
- Children's Cancer Research Centre and Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Suzanne J. Baker
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - François Aguet
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0C7, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Olaf Witt
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Disease (NCT) Network, Germany
| | - Stefan M. Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Disease (NCT) Network, Germany
| | - Keith L. Ligon
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Volker Hovestadt
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Claudia L. Kleinman
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Henry Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David T.W. Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pratiti Bandopadhayay
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy N. Phoenix
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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9
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Long Noncoding RNAs and Circular RNAs in the Metabolic Reprogramming of Lung Cancer: Functions, Mechanisms, and Clinical Potential. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4802338. [PMID: 35757505 PMCID: PMC9217624 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4802338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As key regulators of gene function, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generally accepted to be involved in lung cancer pathogenesis and progression. Recent research has clarified the phenomenon of metabolic reprogramming in lung cancer because of its significant role in tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and other malignant biological behaviors. Emerging evidence has also shown a relationship between the aberrant expression of lncRNAs and circRNAs and metabolic reprogramming in lung cancer tumorigenesis. This review provides insight regarding the roles of different lncRNAs and circRNAs in lung cancer metabolic reprogramming, by how they target transporter proteins and key enzymes in glucose, lipid, and glutamine metabolic signaling pathways. The clinical potential of lncRNAs and circRNAs as early diagnostic biomarkers and components of therapeutic strategies in lung cancer is further discussed, including current challenges in their utilization from the bench to the bedside and how to adopt a proper delivery system for their therapeutic use.
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10
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Somatic LINE-1 promoter acquisition drives oncogenic FOXR2 activation in pediatric brain tumor. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 143:605-607. [PMID: 35403869 PMCID: PMC9038871 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Jiménez Martín O, Schlosser A, Furtwängler R, Wegert J, Gessler M. MYCN and MAX alterations in Wilms tumor and identification of novel N-MYC interaction partners as biomarker candidates. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:555. [PMID: 34689785 PMCID: PMC8543820 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common renal tumor in childhood. Among others, MYCN copy number gain and MYCN P44L and MAX R60Q mutations have been identified in WT. MYCN encodes a transcription factor that requires dimerization with MAX to activate transcription of numerous target genes. MYCN gain has been associated with adverse prognosis in different childhood tumors including WT. The MYCN P44L and MAX R60Q mutations, located in either the transactivating or basic helix-loop-helix domain, respectively, are predicted to be damaging by different pathogenicity prediction tools, but the functional consequences remain to be characterized. METHODS We screened a large cohort of unselected WTs for MYCN and MAX alterations. Wild-type and mutant protein function were characterized biochemically, and we analyzed the N-MYC protein interactome by mass spectrometric analysis of N-MYC containing protein complexes. RESULTS Mutation screening revealed mutation frequencies of 3% for MYCN P44L and 0.9% for MAX R60Q that are associated with a higher risk of relapse. Biochemical characterization identified a reduced transcriptional activation potential for MAX R60Q, while the MYCN P44L mutation did not change activation potential or protein stability. The protein interactome of N-MYC-P44L was likewise not altered as shown by mass spectrometric analyses of purified N-MYC complexes. Nevertheless, we could identify a number of novel N-MYC partner proteins, e.g. PEG10, YEATS2, FOXK1, CBLL1 and MCRS1, whose expression is correlated with MYCN in WT samples and several of these are known for their own oncogenic potential. CONCLUSIONS The strongly elevated risk of relapse associated with mutant MYCN and MAX or elevated MYCN expression corroborates their role in WT oncogenesis. Together with the newly identified co-expressed interactors they expand the range of potential biomarkers for WT stratification and targeting, especially for high-risk WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidio Jiménez Martín
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, Wuerzburg University, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf Virchow Center, Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Wuerzburg University, 97078, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Rhoikos Furtwängler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Und Hematology, Saarland University Hospital, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Jenny Wegert
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, Wuerzburg University, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Gessler
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, Wuerzburg University, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Wuerzburg University, 97078, Wuerzburg, Germany.
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12
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Schmitt-Hoffner F, van Rijn S, Toprak UH, Mauermann M, Rosemann F, Heit-Mondrzyk A, Hübner JM, Camgöz A, Hartlieb S, Pfister SM, Henrich KO, Westermann F, Kool M. FOXR2 Stabilizes MYCN Protein and Identifies Non- MYCN-Amplified Neuroblastoma Patients With Unfavorable Outcome. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:3217-3228. [PMID: 34110923 PMCID: PMC8500564 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.02540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical outcomes of patients with neuroblastoma range from spontaneous tumor regression to fatality. Hence, understanding the mechanisms that cause tumor progression is crucial for the treatment of patients. In this study, we show that FOXR2 activation identifies a subset of neuroblastoma tumors with unfavorable outcome and we investigate the mechanism how FOXR2 relates to poor outcome in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Schmitt-Hoffner
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sjoerd van Rijn
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Umut H Toprak
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Mauermann
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Rosemann
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anke Heit-Mondrzyk
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens-Martin Hübner
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aylin Camgöz
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Hartlieb
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai-Oliver Henrich
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Westermann
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Hopp-Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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13
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Clinical and molecular heterogeneity of pineal parenchymal tumors: a consensus study. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 141:771-785. [PMID: 33619588 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent genomic studies have shed light on the biology and inter-tumoral heterogeneity underlying pineal parenchymal tumors, in particular pineoblastomas (PBs) and pineal parenchymal tumors of intermediate differentiation (PPTIDs). Previous reports, however, had modest sample sizes and lacked the power to integrate molecular and clinical findings. The different proposed molecular group structures also highlighted a need to reach consensus on a robust and relevant classification system. We performed a meta-analysis on 221 patients with molecularly characterized PBs and PPTIDs. DNA methylation profiles were analyzed through complementary bioinformatic approaches and molecular subgrouping was harmonized. Demographic, clinical, and genomic features of patients and samples from these pineal tumor groups were annotated. Four clinically and biologically relevant consensus PB groups were defined: PB-miRNA1 (n = 96), PB-miRNA2 (n = 23), PB-MYC/FOXR2 (n = 34), and PB-RB1 (n = 25). A final molecularly distinct group, designated PPTID (n = 43), comprised histological PPTID and PBs. Genomic and transcriptomic profiling allowed the characterization of oncogenic drivers for individual tumor groups, specifically, alterations in the microRNA processing pathway in PB-miRNA1/2, MYC amplification and FOXR2 overexpression in PB-MYC/FOXR2, RB1 alteration in PB-RB1, and KBTBD4 insertion in PPTID. Age at diagnosis, sex predilection, and metastatic status varied significantly among tumor groups. While patients with PB-miRNA2 and PPTID had superior outcome, survival was intermediate for patients with PB-miRNA1, and dismal for those with PB-MYC/FOXR2 or PB-RB1. Reduced-dose CSI was adequate for patients with average-risk, PB-miRNA1/2 disease. We systematically interrogated the clinical and molecular heterogeneity within pineal parenchymal tumors and proposed a consensus nomenclature for disease groups, laying the groundwork for future studies as well as routine use in tumor diagnostic classification and clinical trial stratification.
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14
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Poh B, Koso H, Momota H, Komori T, Suzuki Y, Yoshida N, Ino Y, Todo T, Watanabe S. Foxr2 promotes formation of CNS-embryonal tumors in a Trp53-deficient background. Neuro Oncol 2021; 21:993-1004. [PMID: 30976792 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryonal tumors in the central nervous system (CNS) are primary, aggressive, and poorly differentiated pediatric brain tumors. We identified forkhead box R2 (Foxr2) as an oncogene for medulloblastoma through a transposon-based insertional mutagenesis screen. Foxr2 translocation has been identified in a subset of human embryonal tumors of the CNS, designated as CNS neuroblastoma with Foxr2 activation (CNS NB-Foxr2); however, the in vivo functions of Foxr2 remain elusive. METHODS We analyzed the effect of Foxr2 overexpression in the mouse brain by generating a transgenic strain that expresses Foxr2 in the entire brain under a transformation related protein 53 (Trp53)-deficient background. We performed histological analysis of tumors and characterized tumor-derived sphere-forming cells. We investigated gene expression profiles of tumor-derived cells. RESULTS Foxr2 and Trp53 loss promoted tumor formation in the olfactory bulb (OB) and brainstem (BS). The tumors showed the common morphological features of small round blue cell tumors, exhibiting divergent, mainly neuronal and glial, patterns of differentiation, which corresponds to the definition of CNS-embryonal tumors. Importantly, all mice developed CNS-embryonal tumors. In the OB, early proliferative lesions consisting of oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2+) cells were observed, indicating that Foxr2 expression expanded Olig2+ cells in the OB. Tumor-derived cells formed spheres in vitro and induced tumors that recapitulated the parental tumor upon transplantation, indicating the presence of tumor-initiating cells. Gene expression profiling revealed that OB and BS tumor cells were enriched for the expression of the genes specific to CNS NB-Foxr2. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that Foxr2 plays a causative role in the formation of CNS-embryonal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boonmin Poh
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideto Koso
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Momota
- Division of Innovative Cancer Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metoropolitan Neurologial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Yoshida
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ino
- Division of Innovative Cancer Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Todo
- Division of Innovative Cancer Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumiko Watanabe
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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E3 ubiquitin ligase PJA1 regulates lung adenocarcinoma apoptosis and invasion through promoting FOXR2 degradation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 556:106-113. [PMID: 33839405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Among all lung cancer cases, lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) represents nearly 40% and remains the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although the combination therapy of surgical treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, has been used to treat LAC, unfortunately, high recurrence rates and poor survival remain. Therefore, novel prognostic markers and new targets for molecular targeted therapy in LAC is urgently needed. Fork-head box R2 (FOXR2) plays a key role in a wide range of cellular processes, including cellular proliferation, invasion, differentiation, and apoptosis, and it has been reported to be implicated in progression of LAC, thus inhibition of FOXR2 may be a novel targeting therapy for lung cancer. This current study found that E3 ligase PJA1 regulates ubiquitin-mediated degradation of FOXR2 and predicts good outcome of patients with LAC. In addition, it was showed force expression of PJA1 significantly inhibited LAC cells invasion and induced apoptosis in vitro through inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In short, our findings reveal that PJA1 could be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and the PJA1- FOXR2 axis could be served as a promising target for LAC therapy.
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16
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Liao CW, Zheng C, Wang L. Down-regulation of FOXR2 inhibits hypoxia-driven ROS-induced migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells via regulation of the hedgehog pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1076-1082. [PMID: 32068268 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box R2 (FOXR2), a new member of the FOX family, is involved in a wide range of biological processes such as embryogenesis, differentiation, transformation and metabolic homeostasis. Recently, FOXR2 has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers and correlated with cancer development. However, the specific role of FOXR2 in thyroid cancer (TC) remains unclear. In this study, we showed that FOXR2 was highly expressed in TC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, down-regulation of FOXR2 inhibited hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and migration/invasion of TC cells. We also found that the hedgehog pathway was responsible for the partial mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect. Taken together, these findings indicated that down-regulation of FOXR2 inhibits hypoxia-driven ROS-induced migration and invasion of TC cells via regulation of the hedgehog pathway. Thus, FOXR2 may hold great potential for TC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Wu Liao
- First Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- First Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Liu APY, Gudenas B, Lin T, Orr BA, Klimo P, Kumar R, Bouffet E, Gururangan S, Crawford JR, Kellie SJ, Chintagumpala M, Fisher MJ, Bowers DC, Hassall T, Indelicato DJ, Onar-Thomas A, Ellison DW, Boop FA, Merchant TE, Robinson GW, Northcott PA, Gajjar A. Risk-adapted therapy and biological heterogeneity in pineoblastoma: integrated clinico-pathological analysis from the prospective, multi-center SJMB03 and SJYC07 trials. Acta Neuropathol 2020; 139:259-271. [PMID: 31802236 PMCID: PMC7065912 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-02106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pineoblastoma is a rare embryonal tumor of childhood that is conventionally treated with high-dose craniospinal irradiation (CSI). Multi-dimensional molecular evaluation of pineoblastoma and associated intertumoral heterogeneity is lacking. Herein, we report outcomes and molecular features of children with pineoblastoma from two multi-center, risk-adapted trials (SJMB03 for patients ≥ 3 years; SJYC07 for patients < 3 years) complemented by a non-protocol institutional cohort. The clinical cohort consisted of 58 patients with histologically diagnosed pineoblastoma (SJMB03 = 30, SJYC07 = 12, non-protocol = 16, including 12 managed with SJMB03-like therapy). The SJMB03 protocol comprised risk-adapted CSI (average-risk = 23.4 Gy, high-risk = 36 Gy) with radiation boost to the primary site and adjuvant chemotherapy. The SJYC07 protocol consisted of induction chemotherapy, consolidation with focal radiation (intermediate-risk) or chemotherapy (high-risk), and metronomic maintenance therapy. The molecular cohort comprised 43 pineal parenchymal tumors profiled by DNA methylation array (n = 43), whole-exome sequencing (n = 26), and RNA-sequencing (n = 16). Respective 5-year progression-free survival rates for patients with average-risk or high-risk disease on SJMB03 or SJMB03-like therapy were 100% and 56.5 ± 10.3% (P = 0.007); respective 2-year progression-free survival rates for those with intermediate-risk or high-risk disease on SJYC07 were 14.3 ± 13.2% and 0% (P = 0.375). Of patients with average-risk disease treated with SJMB03/SJMB03-like therapy, 17/18 survived without progression. DNA-methylation analysis revealed four clinically relevant pineoblastoma subgroups: PB-A, PB-B, PB-B-like, and PB-FOXR2. Pineoblastoma subgroups differed in age at diagnosis, propensity for metastasis, cytogenetics, and clinical outcomes. Alterations in the miRNA-processing pathway genes DICER1, DROSHA, and DGCR8 were recurrent and mutually exclusive in PB-B and PB-B-like subgroups; PB-FOXR2 samples universally overexpressed the FOXR2 proto-oncogene. Our findings suggest superior outcome amongst older children with average-risk pineoblastoma treated with reduced-dose CSI. The identification of biologically and clinically distinct pineoblastoma subgroups warrants consideration of future molecularly-driven treatment protocols for this rare pediatric brain tumor entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Y Liu
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Brian Gudenas
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brent A Orr
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul Klimo
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sridharan Gururangan
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John R Crawford
- University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stewart J Kellie
- Children's Cancer Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Fisher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel C Bowers
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tim Hassall
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel J Indelicato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Arzu Onar-Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frederick A Boop
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Thomas E Merchant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Giles W Robinson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amar Gajjar
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, USA
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18
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Li Y, Zu X, Hu X, Wang L, He W. Forkhead Box R2 Knockdown Decreases Chemoresistance to Cisplatin via MYC Pathway in Bladder Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8928-8939. [PMID: 31761897 PMCID: PMC6894368 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is a very common urological cancer globally, and cisplatin- or gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is essential for advanced bladder cancer patients. Many patients with bladder cancer have a relatively poor response to chemotherapy, leading to failure of clinical treatment. We mined the GSE77883 GEO dataset, identifying FoxR2 as being a significantly upregulated gene in T24 chemoresistant cells. Herein, we assessed how FoxR2 functions in bladder cancer cell chemoresistance. Material/Methods Cisplatin-resistant T24 (T24/DDP) cells were constructed by administering increasing concentrations of cisplatin, and differences in expression of FoxR2 were examined in T24/DDP and T24 cells. FoxR2 loss- and gain-of-function cells models were established in T24/DDP and T24 cells, respectively. Cell survival, clone formation, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis were assessed, and the MYC pathway was verified. Results FoxR2 was significantly upregulated in T24/DDP cells compared to T24 cells. Knockdown of FoxR2 in T24/DDP cells, survival rate, and clone formation were decreased, G1/S phase transition was suppressed, and cell apoptosis was promoted. These results were reversed by restoration of FoxR2 levels in T24 cells. We found that FoxR2 knockdown enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin, whereas MYC overexpression antagonized chemosensitivity in T24/DDP cells. Conclusions FoxR2 knockdown decreases chemoresistance to cisplatin via the MYC pathway in bladder cancer cells, and this may be a target for overcoming chemoresistance in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangle Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Xiheng Hu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Wei He
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
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19
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Eberhart CG. A fox with many faces: FOXR2 and embryonal brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2019; 21:963-964. [PMID: 31149715 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles G Eberhart
- Departments of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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20
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Beckmann PJ, Larson JD, Larsson AT, Ostergaard JP, Wagner S, Rahrmann EP, Shamsan GA, Otto GM, Williams RL, Wang J, Lee C, Tschida BR, Das P, Dubuc AM, Moriarity BS, Picard D, Wu X, Rodriguez FJ, Rosemarie Q, Krebs RD, Molan AM, Demer AM, Frees MM, Rizzardi AE, Schmechel SC, Eberhart CG, Jenkins RB, Wechsler-Reya RJ, Odde DJ, Huang A, Taylor MD, Sarver AL, Largaespada DA. Sleeping Beauty Insertional Mutagenesis Reveals Important Genetic Drivers of Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors. Cancer Res 2019; 79:905-917. [PMID: 30674530 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma and central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors (CNS-PNET) are aggressive, poorly differentiated brain tumors with limited effective therapies. Using Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon mutagenesis, we identified novel genetic drivers of medulloblastoma and CNS-PNET. Cross-species gene expression analyses classified SB-driven tumors into distinct medulloblastoma and CNS-PNET subgroups, indicating they resemble human Sonic hedgehog and group 3 and 4 medulloblastoma and CNS neuroblastoma with FOXR2 activation. This represents the first genetically induced mouse model of CNS-PNET and a rare model of group 3 and 4 medulloblastoma. We identified several putative proto-oncogenes including Arhgap36, Megf10, and Foxr2. Genetic manipulation of these genes demonstrated a robust impact on tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. We also determined that FOXR2 interacts with N-MYC, increases C-MYC protein stability, and activates FAK/SRC signaling. Altogether, our study identified several promising therapeutic targets in medulloblastoma and CNS-PNET. SIGNIFICANCE: A transposon-induced mouse model identifies several novel genetic drivers and potential therapeutic targets in medulloblastoma and CNS-PNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline J Beckmann
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jon D Larson
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alex T Larsson
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jason P Ostergaard
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sandra Wagner
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Eric P Rahrmann
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom
| | - Ghaidan A Shamsan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - George M Otto
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Rory L Williams
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Jun Wang
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Catherine Lee
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Barbara R Tschida
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Paramita Das
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Adrian M Dubuc
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Branden S Moriarity
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Daniel Picard
- Department of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Xiaochong Wu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Quincy Rosemarie
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ryan D Krebs
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Amy M Molan
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Addison M Demer
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michelle M Frees
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Anthony E Rizzardi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Stephen C Schmechel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Sarasota, Florida
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- Department of Pathology, Ophthalmology and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert J Wechsler-Reya
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - David J Odde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Annie Huang
- Division of Hematology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Division of Neurosurgery, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron L Sarver
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David A Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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21
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Leng X, Ma J, Liu Y, Shen S, Yu H, Zheng J, Liu X, Liu L, Chen J, Zhao L, Ruan X, Xue Y. Mechanism of piR-DQ590027/MIR17HG regulating the permeability of glioma conditioned normal BBB. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:246. [PMID: 30305135 PMCID: PMC6180493 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The blood-brain barrier (BBB) strongly restricts the entry of anti-glioma drugs into tumor tissues and thus decreases chemotherapy efficacy. Malignant gliomas are highly invasive tumours that use the perivascular space for invasion and co-opt existing vessels as satellite tumor form. Because regulation of the effect of noncoding RNA on BBB function is attracting growing attention, we investigated the effects of noncoding RNA on the permeability of glioma conditioned normal BBB and the mechanism involved using PIWI-associated RNA piR-DQ590027 as a starting point. Methods The mRNA levels of MIR17HG, miR-153, miR-377, ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 were determined using real-time PCR. Transient cell transfection was performed using Lipofectamine 3000 reagent. TEER and HRP flux were applied to measure the permeability of glioma conditioned normal BBB. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were used to measure ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 levels. Reporter vector construction and a luciferase reporter assay were performed to detect the binding sites of MIR17HG and piR-DQ590027, MIR17HG and miR-153 (miR-377), and FOXR2 and miR-153 (miR-377). RNA immunoprecipitation was used to test the interaction between miR-153 (miR-377) and its target proteins. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed to detect the interaction between the transcription factor FOXR2 and ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5. Results piR-DQ590027 was expressed at low levels in glioma-conditioned ECs (GECs) of the in vitro glioma conditioned normal BBB model. Overexpression of piR-DQ590027 down-regulated the expressions of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 and increased the permeability of glioma conditioned normal BBB. MIR17HG had high expression in GECs but miR-153 and miR-377 had low expression. piR-DQ590027 bound to and negatively regulated MIR17HG. FOXR2 was a downstream target of miR-153 and miR-377; MIR17HG bound separately to miR-153 and miR-377 and negatively regulated their ability to mediate FOXR2 expression. FOXR2 associated with the promoter regions of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 in GECs to promote their transcription. Conclusion The piR-DQ590027/MIR17HG/miR-153 (miR-377)/FOXR2 pathway plays an important role in regulating glioma conditioned normal BBB permeability and provides a new target for the comprehensive treatment of glioma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0886-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Leng
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Clinical Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Clinical Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Clinical Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Clinical Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lini Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Li B, Huang W, Cao N, Lou G. Forkhead‐box R2 promotes metastasis and growth by stimulating angiogenesis and activating hedgehog signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7780-7789. [PMID: 29943836 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Department of Gynecology Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Harbin China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Gynecology Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Harbin China
| | - Ning Cao
- Department of Gynecology Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Harbin China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Harbin China
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23
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Zheng X, Han H, Liu GP, Ma YX, Pan RL, Sang LJ, Li RH, Yang LJ, Marks JR, Wang W, Lin A. LncRNA wires up Hippo and Hedgehog signaling to reprogramme glucose metabolism. EMBO J 2017; 36:3325-3335. [PMID: 28963395 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays essential roles in organ size control and cancer prevention via restricting its downstream effector, Yes-associated protein (YAP). Previous studies have revealed an oncogenic function of YAP in reprogramming glucose metabolism, while the underlying mechanism remains to be fully clarified. Accumulating evidence suggests long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as attractive therapeutic targets, given their roles in modulating various cancer-related signaling pathways. In this study, we report that lncRNA breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (BCAR4) is required for YAP-dependent glycolysis. Mechanistically, YAP promotes the expression of BCAR4, which subsequently coordinates the Hedgehog signaling to enhance the transcription of glycolysis activators HK2 and PFKFB3. Therapeutic delivery of locked nucleic acids (LNAs) targeting BCAR4 attenuated YAP-dependent glycolysis and tumor growth. The expression levels of BCAR4 and YAP are positively correlated in tissue samples from breast cancer patients, where high expression of both BCAR4 and YAP is associated with poor patient survival outcome. Taken together, our study not only reveals the mechanism by which YAP reprograms glucose metabolism, but also highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting YAP-BCAR4-glycolysis axis for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han Han
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Guang-Ping Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Xiu Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruo-Lang Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling-Jie Sang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui-Hua Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luo-Jia Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jeffrey R Marks
- Division of Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Aifu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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24
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Wang J, Li W, Zhao Y, Kang D, Fu W, Zheng X, Pang X, Du G. Members of FOX family could be drug targets of cancers. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 181:183-196. [PMID: 28830838 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
FOX families play important roles in biological processes, including metabolism, development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and longevity. Here we are focusing on roles of FOX members in cancers, FOX members and drug resistance, FOX members and stem cells. Finally, FOX members as drug targets of cancer treatment were discussed. Future perspectives of FOXC1 research were described in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Wan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - De Kang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Weiqi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Xiangjin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China.
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25
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Rosewick N, Durkin K, Artesi M, Marçais A, Hahaut V, Griebel P, Arsic N, Avettand-Fenoel V, Burny A, Charlier C, Hermine O, Georges M, Van den Broeke A. Cis-perturbation of cancer drivers by the HTLV-1/BLV proviruses is an early determinant of leukemogenesis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15264. [PMID: 28534499 PMCID: PMC5457497 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukaemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) infect T- and B-lymphocytes, respectively, provoking a polyclonal expansion that will evolve into an aggressive monoclonal leukaemia in ∼5% of individuals following a protracted latency period. It is generally assumed that early oncogenic changes are largely dependent on virus-encoded products, especially TAX and HBZ, while progression to acute leukaemia/lymphoma involves somatic mutations, yet that both are independent of proviral integration site that has been found to be very variable between tumours. Here, we show that HTLV-1/BLV proviruses are integrated near cancer drivers which they affect either by provirus-dependent transcription termination or as a result of viral antisense RNA-dependent cis-perturbation. The same pattern is observed at polyclonal non-malignant stages, indicating that provirus-dependent host gene perturbation contributes to the initial selection of the multiple clones characterizing the asymptomatic stage, requiring additional alterations in the clone that will evolve into full-blown leukaemia/lymphoma. Human T-cell leukaemia virus type-1 and bovine leukaemia virus infect T and B lymphocytes and lead to aggressive leukaemia. Here, the authors show these proviruses integrate near cancer drivers perturbing transcription termination or antisense RNA-dependent interaction, suggesting post-transcriptional mechanisms in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rosewick
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Université de Liège (ULg), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B34, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Keith Durkin
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Université de Liège (ULg), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B34, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Maria Artesi
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Université de Liège (ULg), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B34, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Ambroise Marçais
- Service d'hématologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker, Université René Descartes, Assistance publique hôpitaux de Paris, 149-161 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75010, France
| | - Vincent Hahaut
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Université de Liège (ULg), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B34, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Philip Griebel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 5E3
| | - Natasa Arsic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 5E3
| | - Véronique Avettand-Fenoel
- Laboratoire de Virologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA7327, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75010, France
| | - Arsène Burny
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard de Waterloo 121, Brussels 1000, Belgium
| | - Carole Charlier
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Université de Liège (ULg), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B34, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Service d'hématologie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker, Université René Descartes, Assistance publique hôpitaux de Paris, 149-161 rue de Sèvres, Paris 75010, France.,INSERM U1163-ERL8254, Institut Imagine, 24 B Boulevard du Montparnasse, Paris 75010, France
| | - Michel Georges
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Université de Liège (ULg), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B34, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Anne Van den Broeke
- Unit of Animal Genomics, GIGA-R, Université de Liège (ULg), Avenue de l'Hôpital 11, B34, Liège 4000, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard de Waterloo 121, Brussels 1000, Belgium
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26
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FoxR2 promotes glioma proliferation by suppression of the p27 pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56255-56266. [PMID: 28915588 PMCID: PMC5593559 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
FoxR2 plays an important role in the development of many human tumors. However, the effects of FoxR2 on tumorigenicity of human glioma remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the roles of FoxR2 in cell proliferation and invasion of glioma. We found that overexpression of FoxR2 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells. Knockout of FoxR2 induced G1 arrest by decreasing the expression levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E and p-Rb. Mechanistically, upregulation of FoxR2 increased the level and activity of MMP-2 and decreased the expression of p27. Furthermore, overexpression of FoxR2 decreased the nuclear accumulation of p27. Taken together, these results indicate that upregulation of FoxR2 may confer enhanced tumorigenicity in glioma cells.
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27
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Knockdown of FOXR2 suppresses the tumorigenesis, growth and metastasis of prostate cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:471-475. [PMID: 28068638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fork-head box R2 (FOXR2), a member of FOX protein family, was reported to play important roles in the development and progression of cancers. However, the expression and function of FOXR2 in prostate cancer remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of FOXR2 in prostate cancer and cancer progression including the molecular mechanism that drives FOXR2-mediated oncogenesis. Our results showed that FOXR2 was overexpressed in prostate cancer cell lines. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of FOXR2 significantly repressed the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, the in vivo experiments indicated that knockdown of FOXR2 significantly attenuated prostate cancer growth. Finally, knockdown of FOXR2 significantly down-regulated the protein expression levels of β-catenin, cyclinD1 and c-Myc in DU-145 cells. Taken together, our results demonstrated for the first time that FOXR2 plays a critical role in cell proliferation and invasion, at least in part, through inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during prostate cancer progression. Thus, FOXR2 may be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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