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Duan X, Wang H, Cao Z, Su N, Wang Y, Zheng Y. Deficiency of ValRS-m Causes Male Infertility in Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7489. [PMID: 39000597 PMCID: PMC11242588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Drosophila spermatogenesis involves the renewal of germline stem cells, meiosis of spermatocytes, and morphological transformation of spermatids into mature sperm. We previously demonstrated that Ocnus (ocn) plays an essential role in spermatogenesis. The ValRS-m (Valyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial) gene was down-regulated in ocn RNAi testes. Here, we found that ValRS-m-knockdown induced complete sterility in male flies. The depletion of ValRS-m blocked mitochondrial behavior and ATP synthesis, thus inhibiting the transition from spermatogonia to spermatocytes, and eventually, inducing the accumulation of spermatogonia during spermatogenesis. To understand the intrinsic reason for this, we further conducted transcriptome-sequencing analysis for control and ValRS-m-knockdown testes. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these two groups were selected with a fold change of ≥2 or ≤1/2. Compared with the control group, 4725 genes were down-regulated (dDEGs) and 2985 genes were up-regulated (uDEGs) in the ValRS-m RNAi group. The dDEGs were mainly concentrated in the glycolytic pathway and pyruvate metabolic pathway, and the uDEGs were primarily related to ribosomal biogenesis. A total of 28 DEGs associated with mitochondria and 6 meiosis-related genes were verified to be suppressed when ValRS-m was deficient. Overall, these results suggest that ValRS-m plays a wide and vital role in mitochondrial behavior and spermatogonia differentiation in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; (X.D.); (H.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Haolin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; (X.D.); (H.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhixian Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; (X.D.); (H.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Na Su
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
| | - Yufeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; (X.D.); (H.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ya Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
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2
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Ng AYE, Chan SN, Pek JW. Genetic compensation between ribosomal protein paralogs mediated by a cognate circular RNA. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114228. [PMID: 38735045 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inter-regulation between related genes, such as ribosomal protein (RP) paralogs, has been observed to be important for genetic compensation and paralog-specific functions. However, how paralogs communicate to modulate their expression levels is unknown. Here, we report a circular RNA involved in the inter-regulation between RP paralogs RpL22 and RpL22-like during Drosophila spermatogenesis. Both paralogs are mutually regulated by the circular stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA) circRpL22(NE,3S) produced from the RpL22 locus. RpL22 represses itself and RpL22-like. Interestingly, circRpL22 binds to RpL22 to repress RpL22-like, but not RpL22, suggesting that circRpL22 modulates RpL22's function. circRpL22 is in turn controlled by RpL22-like, which regulates RpL22 binding to circRpL22 to indirectly modulate RpL22. This circRpL22-centric inter-regulatory circuit enables the loss of RpL22-like to be genetically compensated by RpL22 upregulation to ensure robust male germline development. Thus, our study identifies sisRNA as a possible mechanism of genetic crosstalk between paralogous genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Yunn Ee Ng
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Seow Neng Chan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Jun Wei Pek
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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3
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Verma S, Lin X, Coulson-Thomas VJ. The Potential Reversible Transition between Stem Cells and Transient-Amplifying Cells: The Limbal Epithelial Stem Cell Perspective. Cells 2024; 13:748. [PMID: 38727284 PMCID: PMC11083486 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) undergo asymmetric division, producing transit-amplifying cells (TACs) with increased proliferative potential that move into tissues and ultimately differentiate into a specialized cell type. Thus, TACs represent an intermediary state between stem cells and differentiated cells. In the cornea, a population of stem cells resides in the limbal region, named the limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs). As LESCs proliferate, they generate TACs that move centripetally into the cornea and differentiate into corneal epithelial cells. Upon limbal injury, research suggests a population of progenitor-like cells that exists within the cornea can move centrifugally into the limbus, where they dedifferentiate into LESCs. Herein, we summarize recent advances made in understanding the mechanism that governs the differentiation of LESCs into TACs, and thereafter, into corneal epithelial cells. We also outline the evidence in support of the existence of progenitor-like cells in the cornea and whether TACs could represent a population of cells with progenitor-like capabilities within the cornea. Furthermore, to gain further insights into the dynamics of TACs in the cornea, we outline the most recent findings in other organ systems that support the hypothesis that TACs can dedifferentiate into SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110078, India
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
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4
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Chen X, Qi Y, Huang Q, Sun C, Zheng Y, Ji L, Shi Y, Cheng X, Li Z, Zheng S, Cao Y, Gu Z, Yu J. Single-cell transcriptome characteristics of testicular terminal epithelium lineages during aging in the Drosophila. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14057. [PMID: 38044573 PMCID: PMC10928582 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process leading to impaired functions, with a variety of hallmarks. In the testis of Drosophila, the terminal epithelium region is involved in spermatid release and maturation, while its functional diversity and regulatory mechanism remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (scRNA-seq) to characterize the transcriptomes of terminal epithelium in Drosophila testes at 2-, 10 and 40-Days. Terminal epithelium populations were defined with Metallothionein A (MtnA) and subdivided into six novel sub-cell clusters (EP0-EP5), and a series of marker genes were identified based on their expressions. The data revealed the functional characteristics of terminal epithelium populations, such as tight junction, focal adhesion, bacterial invasion, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, proteasome, apoptosis and metabolism. Interestingly, we also found that disrupting genes for several relevant pathways in terminal epithelium led to male fertility disorders. Moreover, we also discovered a series of age-biased genes and pseudotime trajectory mediated state-biased genes during terminal epithelium aging. Differentially expressed genes during terminal epithelium aging were mainly participated in the regulation of several common signatures, e.g. mitochondria-related events, protein synthesis and degradation, and metabolic processes. We further explored the Drosophila divergence and selection in the functional constraints of age-biased genes during aging, revealing that age-biased genes in epithelial cells of 2 Days group evolved rapidly and were endowed with greater evolutionary advantages. scRNA-seq analysis revealed the diversity of testicular terminal epithelium populations, providing a gene target resource for further systematic research of their functions during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuChina
| | - Yujuan Qi
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qiuru Huang
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Chi Sun
- Department of GeriatricsAffiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Yanli Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University; Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsuChina
| | - Li Ji
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Yi Shi
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Xinmeng Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zhenbei Li
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Sen Zheng
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yijuan Cao
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central HospitalXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Department of RheumatologyAffiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Reproductive MedicineMedical School of Nantong University, Nantong UniversityNantongChina
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Huang WH, Kajal K, Wibowo RH, Amartuvshin O, Kao SH, Rastegari E, Lin CH, Chiou KL, Pi HW, Ting CT, Hsu HJ. Excess dietary sugar impairs Drosophila adult stem cells via elevated reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling. Development 2024; 151:dev201772. [PMID: 38063853 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
High-sugar diets (HSDs) often lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes, both metabolic syndromes associated with stem cell dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether excess dietary sugar affects stem cells. Here, we report that HSD impairs stem cell function in the intestine and ovaries of female Drosophila prior to the onset of insulin resistance, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Although 1 week of HSD leads to obesity, impaired oogenesis and altered lipid metabolism, insulin resistance does not occur. HSD increases glucose uptake by germline stem cells (GSCs) and triggers reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling, which reduces GSC proliferation. Removal of excess sugar from the diet reverses these HSD-induced phenomena. A similar phenomenon is found in intestinal stem cells (ISCs), except that HSD disrupts ISC maintenance and differentiation. Interestingly, tumor-like GSCs and ISCs are less responsive to HSD, which may be because of their dependence on glycolytic metabolism and high energy demand, respectively. This study suggests that excess dietary sugar induces oxidative stress and damages stem cells before insulin resistance develops, a mechanism that may also occur in higher organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10917
| | - Kreeti Kajal
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227
| | | | - Oyundari Amartuvshin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490
| | - Shih-Han Kao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
| | - Elham Rastegari
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490
| | - Kuan-Lin Chiou
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Wei Pi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ti Ting
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10917
| | - Hwei-Jan Hsu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
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6
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Miller JM, Prange S, Ji H, Rau AR, Khodaverdian VY, Li X, Patel A, Butova N, Lutter A, Chung H, Merigliano C, Rawal CC, Hanscom T, McVey M, Chiolo I. Alternative end-joining results in smaller deletions in heterochromatin relative to euchromatin. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.03.531058. [PMID: 37645729 PMCID: PMC10461932 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.03.531058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Pericentromeric heterochromatin is highly enriched for repetitive sequences prone to aberrant recombination. Previous studies showed that homologous recombination (HR) repair is uniquely regulated in this domain to enable 'safe' repair while preventing aberrant recombination. In Drosophila cells, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) relocalize to the nuclear periphery through nuclear actin-driven directed motions before recruiting the strand invasion protein Rad51 and completing HR repair. End-joining (EJ) repair also occurs with high frequency in heterochromatin of fly tissues, but how alternative EJ (alt-EJ) pathways operate in heterochromatin remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we induce DSBs in single euchromatic and heterochromatic sites using a new system that combines the DR- white reporter and I-SceI expression in spermatogonia of flies. Using this approach, we detect higher frequency of HR repair in heterochromatin, relative to euchromatin. Further, sequencing of mutagenic repair junctions reveals the preferential use of different EJ pathways across distinct euchromatic and heterochromatic sites. Interestingly, synthesis-dependent microhomology-mediated end joining (SD-MMEJ) appears differentially regulated in the two domains, with a preferential use of motifs close to the cut site in heterochromatin relative to euchromatin, resulting in smaller deletions. Together, these studies establish a new approach to study repair outcomes in fly tissues, and support the conclusion that heterochromatin uses more HR and less mutagenic EJ repair relative to euchromatin.
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7
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Yuan B, Yang Y, Yan Z, He C, Sun YH, Wang F, Wang B, Shi J, Xiao S, Wang F, Fang Q, Li F, Ye X, Ye G. A rapidly evolving single copy histone H1 variant is associated with male fertility in a parasitoid wasp. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1166517. [PMID: 37325562 PMCID: PMC10264595 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1166517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The linker histone H1 binds to the nucleosome core particle at the site where DNA enters and exits, and facilitates folding of the nucleosomes into a higher-order chromatin structure in eukaryotes. Additionally, some variant H1s promote specialized chromatin functions in cellular processes. Germline-specific H1 variants have been reported in some model species with diverse roles in chromatin structure changes during gametogenesis. In insects, the current understanding of germline-specific H1 variants comes mainly from the studies in Drosophila melanogaster, and the information on this set of genes in other non-model insects remains largely unknown. Here, we identify two H1 variants (PpH1V1 and PpH1V2) that are specifically predominantly expressed in the testis of the parasitoid wasp Pteromalus puparum. Evolutionary analyses suggest that these H1 variant genes evolve rapidly, and are generally maintained as a single copy in Hymenoptera. Disruption of PpH1V1 function in the late larval stage male by RNA interference experiments has no phenotype on spermatogenesis in the pupal testis, but results in abnormal chromatin structure and low sperm fertility in the adult seminal vesicle. In addition, PpH1V2 knockdown has no detectable effect on spermatogenesis or male fertility. Collectively, our discovery indicates distinct functions of male germline-enriched H1 variants between parasitoid wasp Pteromalus and Drosophila, providing new insights into the role of insect H1 variants in gametogenesis. This study also highlights the functional complexity of germline-specific H1s in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun He
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu H. Sun
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, Zhejiang University, Shanghai, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongyin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding and Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Yu J, Fu Y, Li Z, Huang Q, Tang J, Sun C, Zhou P, He L, Sun F, Cheng X, Ji L, Yu H, Shi Y, Gu Z, Sun F, Zhao X. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cell landscape following antimony exposure during spermatogenesis in Drosophila testes. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:86. [PMID: 36894529 PMCID: PMC9998446 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimony (Sb), is thought to induce testicular toxicity, although this remains controversial. This study investigated the effects of Sb exposure during spermatogenesis in the Drosophila testis and the underlying transcriptional regulatory mechanism at single-cell resolution. Firstly, we found that flies exposed to Sb for 10 days led to dose-dependent reproductive toxicity during spermatogenesis. Protein expression and RNA levels were measured by immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to characterize testicular cell composition and identify the transcriptional regulatory network after Sb exposure in Drosophila testes. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that Sb exposure influenced various testicular cell populations, especially in GSCs_to_Early_Spermatogonia and Spermatids clusters. Importantly, carbon metabolism was involved in GSCs/early spermatogonia maintenance and positively related with SCP-Containing Proteins, S-LAPs, and Mst84D signatures. Moreover, Seminal Fluid Proteins, Mst57D, and Serpin signatures were highly positively correlated with spermatid maturation. Pseudotime trajectory analysis revealed three novel states for the complexity of germ cell differentiation, and many novel genes (e.g., Dup98B) were found to be expressed in state-biased manners during spermatogenesis. Collectively, this study indicates that Sb exposure negatively impacts GSC maintenance and spermatid elongation, damaging spermatogenesis homeostasis via multiple signatures in Drosophila testes and therefore supporting Sb-mediated testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yangbo Fu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Zhiran Li
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Qiuru Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Chi Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Peiyao Zhou
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Lei He
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Feiteng Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Xinmeng Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Li Ji
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
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9
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RpS3 Is Required for Spermatogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040573. [PMID: 36831240 PMCID: PMC9954509 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) constitute the ribosome, thus participating in the protein biosynthesis process. Emerging studies have suggested that many RPs exhibit different expression levels across various tissues and function in a context-dependent manner for animal development. Drosophila melanogaster RpS3 encodes the ribosomal protein S3, one component of the 40S subunit of ribosomes. We found that RpS3 is highly expressed in the reproductive organs of adult flies and its depletion in male germline cells led to severe defects in sperm production and male fertility. Immunofluorescence staining showed that RpS3 knockdown had little effect on early germ cell differentiation, but strongly disrupted the spermatid elongation and individualization processes. Furthermore, we observed abnormal morphology and activity of mitochondrial derivatives in the elongating spermatids of RpS3-knockdown testes, which could cause the failure of axoneme elongation. We also found that RpS3 RNAi inhibited the formation of the individualization complex that takes charge of disassociating the spermatid bundle. In addition, excessive apoptotic cells were detected in the RpS3-knockdown testes, possibly to clean the defective spermatids. Together, our data demonstrated that RpS3 plays an important role in regulating spermatid elongation and individualization processes and, therefore, is required for normal Drosophila spermatogenesis.
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10
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Gleason RJ, Chen X. Epigenetic dynamics during germline development: insights from Drosophila and C. elegans. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2023; 78:102017. [PMID: 36549194 PMCID: PMC10100592 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2022.102017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gametogenesis produces the only cell type within a metazoan that contributes both genetic and epigenetic information to the offspring. Extensive epigenetic dynamics are required to express or repress gene expression in a precise spatiotemporal manner. On the other hand, early embryos must be extensively reprogrammed as they begin a new life cycle, involving intergenerational epigenetic inheritance. Seminal work in both Drosophila and C. elegans has elucidated the role of various regulators of epigenetic inheritance, including (1) histones, (2) histone-modifying enzymes, and (3) small RNA-dependent epigenetic regulation in the maintenance of germline identity. This review highlights recent discoveries of epigenetic regulation during the stepwise changes of transcription and chromatin structure that takes place during germline stem cell self-renewal, maintenance of germline identity, and intergenerational epigenetic inheritance. Findings from these two species provide precedence and opportunity to extend relevant studies to vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Gleason
- Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- HHMI, Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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11
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Riera-Escamilla A, Vockel M, Nagirnaja L, Xavier MJ, Carbonell A, Moreno-Mendoza D, Pybus M, Farnetani G, Rosta V, Cioppi F, Friedrich C, Oud MS, van der Heijden GW, Soave A, Diemer T, Ars E, Sánchez-Curbelo J, Kliesch S, O’Bryan MK, Ruiz-Castañe E, Azorín F, Veltman JA, Aston KI, Conrad DF, Tüttelmann F, Krausz C. Large-scale analyses of the X chromosome in 2,354 infertile men discover recurrently affected genes associated with spermatogenic failure. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1458-1471. [PMID: 35809576 PMCID: PMC9388793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the evolutionary history of the X chromosome indicates its specialization in male fitness, its role in spermatogenesis has largely been unexplored. Currently only three X chromosome genes are considered of moderate-definitive diagnostic value. We aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of all X chromosome-linked protein-coding genes in 2,354 azoospermic/cryptozoospermic men from four independent cohorts. Genomic data were analyzed and compared with data in normozoospermic control individuals and gnomAD. While updating the clinical significance of known genes, we propose 21 recurrently mutated genes strongly associated with and 34 moderately associated with azoospermia/cryptozoospermia not previously linked to male infertility (novel). The most frequently affected prioritized gene, RBBP7, was found mutated in ten men across all cohorts, and our functional studies in Drosophila support its role in germ stem cell maintenance. Collectively, our study represents a significant step towards the definition of the missing genetic etiology in idiopathic severe spermatogenic failure and significantly reduces the knowledge gap of X-linked genetic causes of azoospermia/cryptozoospermia contributing to the development of future diagnostic gene panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Riera-Escamilla
- Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08025 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Matthias Vockel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Vesaliusweg 12-14, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Liina Nagirnaja
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Miguel J. Xavier
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Albert Carbonell
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Moreno-Mendoza
- Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08025 Catalonia, Spain,Department of Urology, Hospital del Oriente de Asturias, Arriondas, 33540 Asturias, Spain
| | - Marc Pybus
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08025 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ginevra Farnetani
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Viktoria Rosta
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Francesca Cioppi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Corinna Friedrich
- Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University of Münster, Vesaliusweg 12-14, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Manon S. Oud
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen 6525, the Netherlands
| | | | - Armin Soave
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Thorsten Diemer
- Clinic for Urology, Paediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University, Gießen 35392, Germany
| | - Elisabet Ars
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08025 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josvany Sánchez-Curbelo
- Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08025 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sabine Kliesch
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Moira K. O’Bryan
- The School of BioScience that the Bio21 Institute, The Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Eduard Ruiz-Castañe
- Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau, Barcelona, 08025 Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Azorín
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joris A. Veltman
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Kenneth I. Aston
- Andrology and IVF Laboratories, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Donald F. Conrad
- Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA,Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Frank Tüttelmann
- Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University of Münster, Vesaliusweg 12-14, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Csilla Krausz
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Corresponding author
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12
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Llorens-Giralt P, Camilleri-Robles C, Corominas M, Climent-Cantó P. Chromatin Organization and Function in Drosophila. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092362. [PMID: 34572010 PMCID: PMC8465611 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes are packaged into high-order chromatin structures organized in discrete territories inside the cell nucleus, which is surrounded by the nuclear envelope acting as a barrier. This chromatin organization is complex and dynamic and, thus, determining the spatial and temporal distribution and folding of chromosomes within the nucleus is critical for understanding the role of chromatin topology in genome function. Primarily focusing on the regulation of gene expression, we review here how the genome of Drosophila melanogaster is organized into the cell nucleus, from small scale histone–DNA interactions to chromosome and lamina interactions in the nuclear space.
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13
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Yu J, Zheng Q, Li Z, Wu Y, Fu Y, Wu X, Lin D, Shen C, Zheng B, Sun F. CG6015 controls spermatogonia transit-amplifying divisions by epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in Drosophila testes. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:491. [PMID: 33990549 PMCID: PMC8121936 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03783-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogonia transit-amplifying (TA) divisions are crucial for the differentiation of germline stem cell daughters. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that CG6015 was essential for spermatogonia TA-divisions and elongated spermatozoon development in Drosophila melanogaster. Spermatogonia deficient in CG6015 inhibited germline differentiation leading to the accumulation of undifferentiated cell populations. Transcriptome profiling using RNA sequencing indicated that CG6015 was involved in spermatogenesis, spermatid differentiation, and metabolic processes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed the relationship between CG6015 and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Unexpectedly, we discovered that phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase (dpERK) signals were activated in germline stem cell (GSC)-like cells after reduction of CG6015 in spermatogonia. Moreover, Downstream of raf1 (Dsor1), a key downstream target of EGFR, mimicked the phenotype of CG6015, and germline dpERK signals were activated in spermatogonia of Dsor1 RNAi testes. Together, these findings revealed a potential regulatory mechanism of CG6015 via EGFR signaling during spermatogonia TA-divisions in Drosophila testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qianwen Zheng
- grid.440785.a0000 0001 0743 511XDepartment of Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhiran Li
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yunhao Wu
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yangbo Fu
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dengfeng Lin
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cong Shen
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Sun
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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14
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Climent-Cantó P, Carbonell A, Tamirisa S, Henn L, Pérez-Montero S, Boros IM, Azorín F. The tumour suppressor brain tumour (Brat) regulates linker histone dBigH1 expression in the Drosophila female germline and the early embryo. Open Biol 2021; 11:200408. [PMID: 33947246 PMCID: PMC8097206 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Linker histones H1 are essential chromatin components that exist as multiple developmentally regulated variants. In metazoans, specific H1s are expressed during germline development in a tightly regulated manner. However, the mechanisms governing their stage-dependent expression are poorly understood. Here, we address this question in Drosophila, which encodes for a single germline-specific dBigH1 linker histone. We show that during female germline lineage differentiation, dBigH1 is expressed in germ stem cells and cystoblasts, becomes silenced during transit-amplifying (TA) cystocytes divisions to resume expression after proliferation stops and differentiation starts, when it progressively accumulates in the oocyte. We find that dBigH1 silencing during TA divisions is post-transcriptional and depends on the tumour suppressor Brain tumour (Brat), an essential RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA translation and stability. Like other oocyte-specific variants, dBigH1 is maternally expressed during early embryogenesis until it is replaced by somatic dH1 at the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). Brat also mediates dBigH1 silencing at MZT. Finally, we discuss the situation in testes, where Brat is not expressed, but dBigH1 is translationally silenced too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Climent-Cantó
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Albert Carbonell
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Srividya Tamirisa
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Laszlo Henn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Salvador Pérez-Montero
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Imre M Boros
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Fernando Azorín
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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15
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Henn L, Szabó A, Imre L, Román Á, Ábrahám A, Vedelek B, Nánási P, Boros IM. Alternative linker histone permits fast paced nuclear divisions in early Drosophila embryo. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:9007-9018. [PMID: 32710625 PMCID: PMC7498357 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In most animals, the start of embryogenesis requires specific histones. In Drosophila linker histone variant BigH1 is present in early embryos. To uncover the specific role of this alternative linker histone at early embryogenesis, we established fly lines in which domains of BigH1 have been replaced partially or completely with that of H1. Analysis of the resulting Drosophila lines revealed that at normal temperature somatic H1 can substitute the alternative linker histone, but at low temperature the globular and C-terminal domains of BigH1 are essential for embryogenesis. In the presence of BigH1 nucleosome stability increases and core histone incorporation into nucleosomes is more rapid, while nucleosome spacing is unchanged. Chromatin formation in the presence of BigH1 permits the fast-paced nuclear divisions of the early embryo. We propose a model which explains how this specific linker histone ensures the rapid nucleosome reassembly required during quick replication cycles at the start of embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Henn
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Anikó Szabó
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary.,Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - László Imre
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032 Hungary
| | - Ádám Román
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Andrea Ábrahám
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary.,Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Balázs Vedelek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Péter Nánási
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032 Hungary
| | - Imre M Boros
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
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16
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CG8005 Mediates Transit-Amplifying Spermatogonial Divisions via Oxidative Stress in Drosophila Testes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2846727. [PMID: 33193998 PMCID: PMC7641671 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2846727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) widely occurs in metabolic reactions and affects stem cell activity by participating in stem cell self-renewal. However, the mechanisms of transit-amplifying (TA) spermatogonial divisions mediated by oxidative stress are not fully understood. Through genetic manipulation of Drosophila testes, we demonstrated that CG8005 regulated TA spermatogonial divisions and redox homeostasis. Using in vitro approaches, we showed that the knockdown of CG8005 increased ROS levels in S2 cells; the induced ROS generation was inhibited by NAC and exacerbated by H2O2 pretreatments. Furthermore, the silencing of CG8005 increased the mRNA expression of oxidation-promoting factors Keap1, GstD1, and Mal-A6 and decreased the mRNA expression of antioxidant factors cnc, Gclm, maf-S, ND-42, and ND-75. We further investigated the functions of the antioxidant factor cnc, a key factor in the Keap1-cnc signaling pathway, and showed that cnc mimicked the phenotype of CG8005 in both Drosophila testes and S2 cells. Our results indicated that CG8005, together with cnc, controlled TA spermatogonial divisions by regulating oxidative stress in Drosophila.
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17
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Climent-Cantó P, Carbonell A, Tatarski M, Reina O, Bujosa P, Font-Mateu J, Bernués J, Beato M, Azorín F. The embryonic linker histone dBigH1 alters the functional state of active chromatin. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:4147-4160. [PMID: 32103264 PMCID: PMC7192587 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Linker histones H1 are principal chromatin components, whose contribution to the epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure and function is not fully understood. In metazoa, specific linker histones are expressed in the germline, with female-specific H1s being normally retained in the early-embryo. Embryonic H1s are present while the zygotic genome is transcriptionally silent and they are replaced by somatic variants upon activation, suggesting a contribution to transcriptional silencing. Here we directly address this question by ectopically expressing dBigH1 in Drosophila S2 cells, which lack dBigH1. We show that dBigH1 binds across chromatin, replaces somatic dH1 and reduces nucleosome repeat length (NRL). Concomitantly, dBigH1 expression down-regulates gene expression by impairing RNApol II binding and histone acetylation. These effects depend on the acidic N-terminal ED-domain of dBigH1 since a truncated form lacking this domain binds across chromatin and replaces dH1 like full-length dBigH1, but it does not affect NRL either transcription. In vitro reconstitution experiments using Drosophila preblastodermic embryo extracts corroborate these results. Altogether these results suggest that the negatively charged N-terminal tail of dBigH1 alters the functional state of active chromatin compromising transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Climent-Cantó
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, IBMB, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Carbonell
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, IBMB, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Milos Tatarski
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, IBMB, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Reina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Bujosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, IBMB, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jofre Font-Mateu
- Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG). The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bernués
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, IBMB, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Beato
- Centre de Regulació Genòmica (CRG). The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Azorín
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, IBMB, CSIC, Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Yu J, Yan Y, Luan X, Qiao C, Liu Y, Zhao D, Xie B, Zheng Q, Wang M, Chen W, Shen C, He Z, Hu X, Huang X, Li H, Shao Q, Chen X, Zheng B, Fang J. Srlp is crucial for the self-renewal and differentiation of germline stem cells via RpL6 signals in Drosophila testes. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:294. [PMID: 30931935 PMCID: PMC6443671 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Self-renewal and differentiation in germline stem cells (GSCs) are tightly regulated by the stem cell niche and via multiple approaches. In our previous study, we screened the novel GSC regulatory gene Srlp in Drosophila testes. However, the underlying mechanistic links between Srlp and the stem cell niche remain largely undetermined. Here, using genetic manipulation of the Drosophila model, we systematically analyze the function and mechanism of Srlp in vivo and in vitro. In Drosophila, Srlp is an essential gene that regulates the self-renewal and differentiation of GSCs in the testis. In the in vitro assay, Srlp is found to control the proliferation ability and cell death in S2 cells, which is consistent with the phenotype observed in Drosophila testis. Furthermore, results of the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) reveal that RpL6 binds to Srlp. Srlp also regulates the expression of spliceosome and ribosome subunits and controls spliceosome and ribosome function via RpL6 signals. Collectively, our findings uncover the genetic causes and molecular mechanisms underlying the stem cell niche. This study provides new insights for elucidating the pathogenic mechanism of male sterility and the formation of testicular germ cell tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.,Reproductive Sciences Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Yidan Yan
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.,Reproductive Sciences Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Xiaojin Luan
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.,Reproductive Sciences Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Jiangsu, 215002, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Reproductive Sciences Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.,Center for Reproduction, The Fourth People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Qianwen Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.,Reproductive Sciences Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Wanyin Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Cong Shen
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Jiangsu, 215002, China
| | - Zeyu He
- Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Xing Hu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Jiangsu, 215002, China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- Reproductive Sciences Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.,Department of Immunology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China. .,Reproductive Sciences Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.
| | - Bo Zheng
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Jiangsu, 215002, China.
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu, 212001, China.
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19
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Zhai J, Geng X, Ding T, Li J, Tang J, Chen D, Cui L, Wang Q. An increase of estrogen receptor α protein level regulates BDE-209-mediated blood-testis barrier disruption during spermatogenesis in F1 mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:4801-4820. [PMID: 30565106 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3784-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deca-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) regulates various aspects of spermatogenesis and male fertility through its effect on estrogen receptor α (ERα), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Because molecular mechanisms such as remodeling of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) play crucial roles in spermatogenesis, we investigated the disruptive effects of ERα agonists on the BTB in spermatogenesis. In this study, 0, 300, and 500 mg/kg/day of BDE-209 were administered to pregnant adult mice by oral gavage from gestation day 7 to postnatal day 21. SerW3 cells were treated with methylpiperidino pyrazole (MPP) for 30 min before being treated with 50 μg/mL of BDE-209. BDE-209 increases ERα in time- and dose-dependent manners and decreases formin 1 and BTB-associated protein in F1 male mice. Furthermore, BDE-209 impairs the structure and function of the BTB. Activation of ERα signaling could disrupt the BTB, leading to spermatogenesis dysfunction. The results identified the role of ERα in BTB disruption during spermatogenesis and suggested that BTB disruption occurs because of exposure to BDE-209, which could potentially affect spermatogenesis. In conclusion, Sertoli cells seem to be the primary target of BDE-209 in the perinatal period, and this period constitutes a critical window of susceptibility to BDE-209. Also, the SerW3 cell model may not be a particularly useful cell model for studying the function of the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Zhai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xiya Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Daojun Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Longjiang Cui
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Rd 81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Sipailou Rd 2, Nanjing, 210018, China
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Carbonell A, Fueyo R, Izquierdo-Bouldstridge A, Moreta C, Jordan A. Epigenetic mechanisms in health and disease: BCEC 2017. Epigenetics 2018; 13:331-341. [PMID: 29384431 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1434391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Barcelona Conference on Epigenetics and Cancer (BCEC) entitled "Epigenetic Mechanisms in Health and Disease" was held in Barcelona, October 26-26, 2017. The 2017 BCEC was the fifth and last edition of a series of annual conferences organized as a joint effort of five leading Barcelona research institutes together with B-Debate. This edition was organized by Albert Jordan from the Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC) and Marcus Bushbeck from the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC). Jordi Bernués, Marian Martínez-Balbás, and Ferran Azorín were also part of the scientific committee. In 22 talks and 51 posters, researchers presented their latest results in the fields of histone variants, epigenetic regulation, and chromatin 3D organization to an audience of around 250 participants from 16 countries. This year, a broad number of talks focused on the epigenetic causes and possible related treatments of complex diseases such as cancer. Participants at the 2017 BCEC elegantly closed the series, discussing progress made in the field of epigenetics and highlighting its role in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Carbonell
- a Department of Molecular Genomics , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC) , Baldiri i Reixac 4-8, 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain.,b Institute for Research in Biomedicine, IRB Barcelona , The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology , Baldiri i Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Raquel Fueyo
- a Department of Molecular Genomics , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC) , Baldiri i Reixac 4-8, 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Andrea Izquierdo-Bouldstridge
- a Department of Molecular Genomics , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC) , Baldiri i Reixac 4-8, 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Cristina Moreta
- c Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) , Can Ruti Campus , 08916 , Badalona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Albert Jordan
- a Department of Molecular Genomics , Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC) , Baldiri i Reixac 4-8, 08028 Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
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