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Zeitzschel N, Lechner SG. The activation thresholds and inactivation kinetics of poking-evoked PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 currents are sensitive to subtle variations in mechanical stimulation parameters. Channels (Austin) 2024; 18:2355123. [PMID: 38754025 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2024.2355123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are mechanically activated ion channels that confer mechanosensitivity to various cell types. PIEZO channels are commonly examined using the so-called poking technique, where currents are recorded in the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique, while the cell surface is mechanically stimulated with a small fire-polished patch pipette. Currently, there is no gold standard for mechanical stimulation, and therefore, stimulation protocols differ significantly between laboratories with regard to stimulation velocity, angle, and size of the stimulation probe. Here, we systematically examined the impact of variations in these three stimulation parameters on the outcomes of patch-clamp recordings of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2. We show that the inactivation kinetics of PIEZO1 and, to a lesser extent, of PIEZO2 change with the angle at which the probe that is used for mechanical stimulation is positioned and, even more prominently, with the size of its tip. Moreover, we found that the mechanical activation threshold of PIEZO2, but not PIEZO1, decreased with increasing stimulation speeds. Thus, our data show that two key outcome parameters of PIEZO-related patch-clamp studies are significantly affected by common variations in the mechanical stimulation protocols, which calls for caution when comparing data from different laboratories and highlights the need to establish a gold standard for mechanical stimulation to improve comparability and reproducibility of data obtained with the poking technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Zeitzschel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan G Lechner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Rutter-Locher Z, Kirkham BW, Bannister K, Bennett DL, Buckley CD, Taams LS, Denk F. An interdisciplinary perspective on peripheral drivers of pain in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024:10.1038/s41584-024-01155-z. [PMID: 39242949 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01155-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Pain is one of the most debilitating symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and yet remains poorly understood, especially when pain occurs in the absence of synovitis. Without active inflammation, experts most often attribute joint pain to central nervous system dysfunction. However, advances in the past 5 years in both immunology and neuroscience research suggest that chronic pain in RA is also driven by a variety of abnormal interactions between peripheral neurons and mediators produced by resident cells in the local joint environment. In this Review, we discuss these novel insights from an interdisciplinary neuro-immune perspective. We outline a potential working model for the peripheral drivers of pain in RA, which includes autoantibodies, resident immune and mesenchymal cells and their interactions with different subtypes of peripheral sensory neurons. We also offer suggestions for how future collaborative research could be designed to accelerate analgesic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Rutter-Locher
- Department of Rheumatology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kirsty Bannister
- Wolfson Sensory Pain and Regeneration Centre (SPaRC), King's College London, London, UK
| | - David L Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Leonie S Taams
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Franziska Denk
- Wolfson Sensory Pain and Regeneration Centre (SPaRC), King's College London, London, UK.
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3
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Morales-Soto W, Thomasi B, Gulbransen BD. Endocannabinoids regulate enteric neuron-glia networks and visceral hypersensitivity following inflammation through a glial-dependent mechanism. Glia 2024. [PMID: 39132860 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation induces neuroplasticity that produces long-lasting changes in gut motor function and pain. The endocannabinoid system is an attractive target to correct pain and dysmotility, but how inflammation changes endocannabinoid control over cellular communication in enteric neurocircuits is not understood. Enteric glia modulate gut neurons that control motility and pain and express monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) which controls endocannabinoid availability. We used a combination of in situ calcium imaging, chemogenetics, and selective drugs to study how endocannabinoid mechanisms affect glial responses and subsequent enteric neuron activity in health and following colitis in Wnt1Cre;GCaMP5g-tdT;GFAP::hM3Dq mice. Trpv1Cre;GCaMP5gtdT mice were used to study nociceptor sensitivity and Sox10CreERT2;Mgllf/f mice were used to test the role of glial MAGL in visceral pain. The data show that endocannabinoid signaling regulates neuro-glial signaling in gut neurocircuits in a sexually dimorphic manner. Inhibiting MAGL in healthy samples decreased glial responsiveness but this effect was lost in females following colitis and converted to an excitatory effect in males. Manipulating CB1 and CB2 receptors revealed further sex differences amongst neuro-glia signaling that were impacted following inflammation. Inflammation increased gut nociceptor sensitivity in both sexes but only females exhibited visceral hypersensitivity in vivo. Blocking MAGL normalized nociceptor responses in vitro and deleting glial Mgll in vivo rescued visceral hypersensitivity in females. These results show that sex and inflammation impact endocannabinoid mechanisms that regulate intercellular enteric glia-neuron communication. Further, targeting glial MAGL could provide therapeutic benefits for visceral nociception in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilmarie Morales-Soto
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Beatriz Thomasi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Brian D Gulbransen
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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4
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Butera KA, Chimenti RL, Alsouhibani AM, Berardi G, Booker SQ, Knox PJ, Post AA, Merriwether EN, Wilson AT, Simon CB. Through the Lens of Movement-Evoked Pain: A Theoretical Framework of the "Pain-Movement Interface" to Guide Research and Clinical Care for Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:104486. [PMID: 38316243 PMCID: PMC11180580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.01.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Over 120 million Americans report experiencing pain in the past 3 months. Among these individuals, 50 million report chronic pain and 17 million report pain that limits daily life or work activities on most days (ie, high-impact chronic pain). Musculoskeletal pain conditions in particular are a major contributor to global disability, health care costs, and poor quality of life. Movement-evoked pain (MEP) is an important and distinct component of the musculoskeletal pain experience and represents an emerging area of study in pain and rehabilitation fields. This focus article proposes the "Pain-Movement Interface" as a theoretical framework of MEP that highlights the interface between MEP, pain interference, and activity engagement. The goal of the framework is to expand knowledge about MEP by guiding scientific inquiry into MEP-specific pathways to disability, high-risk clinical phenotypes, and underlying individual influences that may serve as treatment targets. This framework reinforces the dynamic nature of MEP within the context of activity engagement, participation in life and social roles, and the broader pain experience. Recommendations for MEP evaluation, encompassing the spectrum from high standardization to high patient specificity, and MEP-targeted treatments are provided. Overall, the proposed framework and recommendations reflect the current state of science in this emerging area of study and are intended to support future efforts to optimize musculoskeletal pain management and enhance patient outcomes. PERSPECTIVE: Movement-evoked pain (MEP) is a distinct component of the musculoskeletal pain experience and emerging research area. This article introduces the "Pain-Movement Interface" as a theoretical framework of MEP, highlighting the interface between MEP, pain interference, and activity engagement. Evaluating and treating MEP could improve rehabilitation approaches and enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A. Butera
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Ruth L. Chimenti
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ali M. Alsouhibani
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Berardi
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Staja Q. Booker
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Patrick J. Knox
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Andrew A. Post
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ericka N. Merriwether
- Department of Physical Therapy, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Abigail T. Wilson
- School of Kinesiology & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Corey B. Simon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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5
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Yu J, Wang S, Chen SJ, Zheng MJ, Yuan CR, Lai WD, Wen JJ, You WT, Liu PQ, Khanna R, Jin Y. Sinomenine ameliorates fibroblast-like synoviocytes dysfunction by promoting phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of CRMP2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117704. [PMID: 38176664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and arthritic pain. Sinomenine (SIN), derived from the rhizome of Chinese medical herb Qing Teng (scientific name: Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd. Et Wils), has a longstanding use in Chinese traditional medicine for treating rheumatoid arthritis. It has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunosuppressive effects with minimal side-effects clinically. However, the mechanisms governing its effects in treatment of joint pathology, especially on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) dysfunction, and arthritic pain remains unclear. AIM This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of SIN on arthritic joint inflammation and joint FLSs dysfunctions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was induced in rats and the therapeutic effects of SIN on joint pathology were evaluated histopathologically. Next, we conducted a series of experiments using LPS-induced FLSs, which were divided into five groups (Naïve, LPS, SIN 10, 20, 50 μg/ml). The expression of inflammatory factors was measured by qPCR and ELISA. The invasive ability of cells was detected by modified Transwell assay and qPCR. Transwell migration and cell scratch assays were used to assess the migration ability of cells. The distribution and content of relevant proteins were observed by immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscopy, as well as Western Blot and qPCR. FLSs were transfected with plasmids (CRMP2 T514A/D) to directly modulate the post-translational modification of CRMP2 protein and downstream effects on FLSs function was monitored. RESULTS SIN alleviated joint inflammation in rats with CIA, as evidenced by improvement of synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration and cartilage damage, as well as inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines release from FLSs induced by LPS. In vitro studies revealed a concentration-dependent suppression of SIN on the invasion and migration of FLSs induced by LPS. In addition, SIN downregulated the expression of cellular CRMP2 that was induced by LPS in FLSs, but increased its phosphorylation at residue T514. Moreover, regulation of pCRMP2 T514 by plasmids transfection (CRMP2 T514A/D) significantly influenced the migration and invasion of FLSs. Finally, SIN promoted nuclear translocation of pCRMP2 T514 in FLSs. CONCLUSIONS SIN may exert its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects by modulating CRMP2 T514 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation of FLSs, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and suppressing abnormal invasion and migration. Phosphorylation of CRMP2 at the T514 site in FLSs may present a new therapeutic target for treating inflammatory joint's destruction and arthritic pain in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310053, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Si-Jia Chen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Meng-Jia Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Cun-Rui Yuan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei-Dong Lai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310053, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun-Jun Wen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310053, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wen-Ting You
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, 317500, China
| | - Pu-Qing Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University, College of Dentistry, and NYU Pain Research Center, New York, 10010, USA.
| | - Yan Jin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310053, China; College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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6
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Hall BE, Mazhar K, Macdonald E, Cassidy M, Doty M, Judkins C, Terse A, Shiers S, Tadros S, Yun S, Burton MD, Price TJ, Kulkarni A. Transcriptome Analysis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Uncovers Genes Linked to Inflammation-Induced Pain. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4218885. [PMID: 38712195 PMCID: PMC11071542 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4218885/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can promote states of chronic Inflammation with accompanying tissue destruction and pain. RA can cause inflammatory synovitis in peripheral joints, particularly within the hands and feet, but can also sometimes trigger temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthralgia. To better understand the effects of ongoing Inflammation-induced pain signaling, dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) were acquired from individuals with RA for transcriptomic study. We conducted RNA sequencing from the L5 DRGs because it contains the soma of the sensory neurons that innervate the affected joints in the foot. DRGs from 5 RA patients were compared with 9 non-arthritic controls. RNA-seq of L5 DRGs identified 128 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were dysregulated in the RA subjects as compared to the non-arthritic controls. The DRG resides outside the blood brain barrier and, as such, our initial transcriptome analysis detected signs of an autoimmune disorder including the upregulated expression of immunoglobulins and other immunologically related genes within the DRGs of the RA donors. Additionally, we saw the upregulation in genes implicated in neurogenesis that could promote pain hypersensitivity. overall, our DRG analysis suggests that there are upregulated inflammatory and pain signaling pathways that can contribute to chronic pain in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradford E Hall
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Emma Macdonald
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
| | - Margaret Cassidy
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
| | - Megan Doty
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
| | - Christian Judkins
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
| | - Anita Terse
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Saber Tadros
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
| | | | | | | | - Ashok Kulkarni
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health
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7
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Yang W, Lin L, Hu S, Jiang B, Yang R, Yu W, Tang J, Zhao D, Gu Y, Jin M, Li J, Lu E. Expression patterns of mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZOs in irreversible pulpitis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:465. [PMID: 38627713 PMCID: PMC11022356 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZOs have been widely reported to involve inflammation and pain. This study aimed to clarify expression patterns of PIEZOs and their potential relations to irreversible pulpitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Normal pulp tissues (n = 29) from patients with impacted third molars and inflamed pulp tissues (n = 23) from patients with irreversible pulpitis were collected. Pain levels were assessed using a numerical rating scale. PIEZO expressions were measured using real-time PCR and then confirmed using GEO datasets GSE77459, immunoblot, and immunohistochemistry staining. Correlations of PIEZO mRNA expression with inflammatory markers, pain markers, or clinical pain levels were evaluated using Spearman's correlation analysis. Univariate analysis was conducted to analyze PIEZO expressions based on pain description and clinical examinations of cold test, percussion, palpation, and bite test. RESULTS Compared with normal pulp tissues, mRNA expression levels of PIEZO1 were significantly increased in inflamed pulp tissues, while PIEZO2 was significantly decreased, which was further confirmed in GSE77459 and on a protein and histological level. The positive correlation of the mRNA expression levels between PIEZO1 and inflammatory markers, as well as between PIEZO2 and pain markers, was verified. PIEZO2 expression was also positively correlated with pain levels. Besides, irreversible pulpitis patients who reported continuous pain and who detected a positive response to cold stimulus exhibited a higher expression level of PIEZO2 in the inflamed pulp tissues. By contrast, patients reporting pain duration of more than one week showed a higher expression level of PIEZO1. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the upregulation of PIEZO1 and the downregulation of PIEZO2 in irreversible pulpitis and revealed the potential relation of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 to inflammation and pain. These findings suggested that PIEZOs might play critical roles in the progression of irreversible pulpitis and paved the way for further investigations aimed at novel therapies of irreversible pulpitis by targeting PIEZOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shucheng Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ruhan Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weijun Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yuting Gu
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Min Jin
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Eryi Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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8
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Qi L, Iskols M, Shi D, Reddy P, Walker C, Lezgiyeva K, Voisin T, Pawlak M, Kuchroo VK, Chiu IM, Ginty DD, Sharma N. A mouse DRG genetic toolkit reveals morphological and physiological diversity of somatosensory neuron subtypes. Cell 2024; 187:1508-1526.e16. [PMID: 38442711 PMCID: PMC10947841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) somatosensory neurons detect mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli acting on the body. Achieving a holistic view of how different DRG neuron subtypes relay neural signals from the periphery to the CNS has been challenging with existing tools. Here, we develop and curate a mouse genetic toolkit that allows for interrogating the properties and functions of distinct cutaneous targeting DRG neuron subtypes. These tools have enabled a broad morphological analysis, which revealed distinct cutaneous axon arborization areas and branching patterns of the transcriptionally distinct DRG neuron subtypes. Moreover, in vivo physiological analysis revealed that each subtype has a distinct threshold and range of responses to mechanical and/or thermal stimuli. These findings support a model in which morphologically and physiologically distinct cutaneous DRG sensory neuron subtypes tile mechanical and thermal stimulus space to collectively encode a wide range of natural stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Qi
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael Iskols
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David Shi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pranav Reddy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christopher Walker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Karina Lezgiyeva
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tiphaine Voisin
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mathias Pawlak
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David D Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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9
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Hamed YMF, Ghosh B, Marshall KL. PIEZO ion channels: force sensors of the interoceptive nervous system. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38456626 DOI: 10.1113/jp284077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Many organs are designed to move: the heart pumps each second, the gastrointestinal tract squeezes and churns to digest food, and we contract and relax skeletal muscles to move our bodies. Sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system detect signals from bodily tissues, including the forces generated by these movements, to control physiology. The processing of these internal signals is called interoception, but this is a broad term that includes a wide variety of both chemical and mechanical sensory processes. Mechanical senses are understudied, but rapid progress has been made in the last decade, thanks in part to the discovery of the mechanosensory PIEZO ion channels (Coste et al., 2010). The role of these mechanosensors within the interoceptive nervous system is the focus of this review. In defining the transduction molecules that govern mechanical interoception, we will have a better grasp of how these signals drive physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen M F Hamed
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Britya Ghosh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kara L Marshall
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Lead contact
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10
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Hwang CD, Hoftiezer YAJ, Raasveld FV, Gomez-Eslava B, van der Heijden EPA, Jayakar S, Black BJ, Johnston BR, Wainger BJ, Renthal W, Woolf CJ, Eberlin KR. Biology and pathophysiology of symptomatic neuromas. Pain 2024; 165:550-564. [PMID: 37851396 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Neuromas are a substantial cause of morbidity and reduction in quality of life. This is not only caused by a disruption in motor and sensory function from the underlying nerve injury but also by the debilitating effects of neuropathic pain resulting from symptomatic neuromas. A wide range of surgical and therapeutic modalities have been introduced to mitigate this pain. Nevertheless, no single treatment option has been successful in completely resolving the associated constellation of symptoms. While certain novel surgical techniques have shown promising results in reducing neuroma-derived and phantom limb pain, their effectiveness and the exact mechanism behind their pain-relieving capacities have not yet been defined. Furthermore, surgery has inherent risks, may not be suitable for many patients, and may yet still fail to relieve pain. Therefore, there remains a great clinical need for additional therapeutic modalities to further improve treatment for patients with devastating injuries that lead to symptomatic neuromas. However, the molecular mechanisms and genetic contributions behind the regulatory programs that drive neuroma formation-as well as the resulting neuropathic pain-remain incompletely understood. Here, we review the histopathological features of symptomatic neuromas, our current understanding of the mechanisms that favor neuroma formation, and the putative contributory signals and regulatory programs that facilitate somatic pain, including neurotrophic factors, neuroinflammatory peptides, cytokines, along with transient receptor potential, and ionotropic channels that suggest possible approaches and innovations to identify novel clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Hwang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yannick Albert J Hoftiezer
- Hand and Arm Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Floris V Raasveld
- Hand and Arm Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Gomez-Eslava
- Hand and Arm Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - E P A van der Heijden
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Den Bosch, the Netherlands
| | - Selwyn Jayakar
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bryan James Black
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UMass Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin R Johnston
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brian J Wainger
- Departments of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kyle R Eberlin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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11
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Schwarzenauer M, Rukwied RM, Lampert A, Rolke R, Namer B. Electrical matrix stimulation suppresses acute itch independently of activation of sleeping nociceptors. Eur J Pain 2024; 28:285-296. [PMID: 37715607 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Itch can be reduced by pain. Activation of sleeping nociceptors (CMi) is a crucial mechanism for the peripheral component of intense and long-lasting pain. Thus, activation of CMi might be especially effective in itch reduction. Electrical stimulation using sinusoidal pulses activates CMi with tolerable pain intensity, whereas short rectangular pulses with low intensity do not. In humans, histaminergic itch is mediated by histamine-sensitive CMi, whereas other pruritogens activate polymodal nociceptors (CM). METHODS In a psychophysical approach in a balanced crossover repeated-measures design in healthy volunteers, we activated nociceptors by two different electrical stimulation paradigms via a matrix electrode: 4 Hz sinusoidal pulses that activate C-nociceptors including CMi or 4 Hz rectangular stimuli to activate nociceptors excluding CMi. After 5-min stimulation, itch was induced by either histamine iontophoresis or application of cowhage spicules. Itch ratings were assessed via a numerical rating scale (NRS). RESULTS Electrical 4 Hz sine wave stimulation (0.1 mA) with low pain ratings of 1.5 (NRS; 0-10) induced an axon reflex erythema (3 cm2 ), indicating activation of CMi, whereas rectangular 0.2 ms pulses (average 0.91 mA) with the same pain rating did not. Both electrical stimulation paradigms reduced itch magnitude over time evoked by either histamine or cowhage to a similar extent. Peak maximum itch evoked by histamine was reduced by both stimulation paradigms, but not cowhage maximum itch. DISCUSSION Since electrical stimulation with the rectangular pulse paradigm reduces itch to a similar extent as the sine wave stimulation paradigm, the input of CMi is not necessarily required for itch suppression. The input of A-fibres and polymodal nociceptors, similarly, as also achieved by scratching, seems to be sufficient for both forms of chemically evoked itch. SIGNIFICANCE Since activation of CMi does not provide additional benefit for itch suppression, spinal pain pathways transmitted via CM versus CMi have differential effects on itch-processing circuits. This is important knowledge for using electrical matrix stimulation as itch suppressor since activation of sleeping nociceptors either requires significantly painful stimulation paradigms or specialized stimulation paradigms as sinusoidal pulses. An alternative approach using half-sine wave pulses with low pain intensity activating specifically polymodal nociceptors to suppress itch via matrix electrode stimulation may be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schwarzenauer
- IZKF Research Group Neuroscience, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - R M Rukwied
- Department of Experimental Pain Research, Mannheim Center for Translation Neuroscience (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Lampert
- Department for Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Rolke
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - B Namer
- IZKF Research Group Neuroscience, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department for Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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12
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Hovhannisyan AH, Lindquist KA, Belugin S, Mecklenburg J, Ibrahim T, Tram M, Corey TM, Salmon AB, Perez D, Ruparel S, Akopian AN. Sensory innervation of masseter, temporal and lateral pterygoid muscles in common marmosets. Sci Rep 2023; 13:23062. [PMID: 38155190 PMCID: PMC10754842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49882-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Myogenous temporomandibular disorders is associated with an increased responsiveness of nerves innervating the masseter (MM), temporal (TM), and lateral pterygoid muscles (LPM). This study aimed to examine sensory nerve types innervating MM, TM and LPM of adult non-human primate-common marmosets. Sensory nerves were localized in specific regions of these muscles. Pgp9.5, marker for all nerves, and NFH, a marker for A-fibers, showed that masticatory muscles were primarily innervated with A-fibers. The proportion of C- to A-fibers was highest in LPM, and lowest in MM. All C-fibers (pgp9.5+/NFH-) observed in masticatory muscles were peptidergic (CGRP+) and lacked mrgprD and CHRNA3, a silent nociceptive marker. TrpV1 was register in 17% of LPM nerves. All fibers in masticatory muscles were labeled with GFAP+, a myelin sheath marker. There were substantially more peptidergic A-fibers (CGRP+/NFH+) in TM and LPM compared to MM. MM, TM and LPM NFH+ fibers contained different percentages of trkC+ and parvalbumin+, but not trkB+ fibers. Tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies, which did not label TG, highlighted sympathetic fibers around blood vessels of the masticatory muscles. Overall, masticatory muscle types of marmosets have similarities and differences in innervation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahit H Hovhannisyan
- Departments of Endodontics, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Karen A Lindquist
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Sergei Belugin
- Departments of Endodontics, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Jennifer Mecklenburg
- Departments of Endodontics, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Tarek Ibrahim
- Departments of Endodontics, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Meilinn Tram
- Departments of Endodontics, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Tatiana M Corey
- Departments of Laboratory Animal Resources, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Adam B Salmon
- Departments of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Daniel Perez
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Shivani Ruparel
- Departments of Endodontics, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Armen N Akopian
- Departments of Endodontics, The School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA.
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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13
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Maxion A, Kutafina E, Dohrn MF, Sacré P, Lampert A, Tigerholm J, Namer B. A modelling study to dissect the potential role of voltage-gated ion channels in activity-dependent conduction velocity changes as identified in small fiber neuropathy patients. Front Comput Neurosci 2023; 17:1265958. [PMID: 38156040 PMCID: PMC10752960 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2023.1265958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with small fiber neuropathy (SFN) suffer from neuropathic pain, which is still a therapeutic problem. Changed activation patterns of mechano-insensitive peripheral nerve fibers (CMi) could cause neuropathic pain. However, there is sparse knowledge about mechanisms leading to CMi dysfunction since it is difficult to dissect specific molecular mechanisms in humans. We used an in-silico model to elucidate molecular causes of CMi dysfunction as observed in single nerve fiber recordings (microneurography) of SFN patients. Approach We analyzed microneurography data from 97 CMi-fibers from healthy individuals and 34 of SFN patients to identify activity-dependent changes in conduction velocity. Using the NEURON environment, we adapted a biophysical realistic preexisting CMi-fiber model with ion channels described by Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics for identifying molecular mechanisms leading to those changes. Via a grid search optimization, we assessed the interplay between different ion channels, Na-K-pump, and resting membrane potential. Main results Changing a single ion channel conductance, Na-K-pump or membrane potential individually is not sufficient to reproduce in-silico CMi-fiber dysfunction of unchanged activity-dependent conduction velocity slowing and quicker normalization of conduction velocity after stimulation as observed in microneurography. We identified the best combination of mechanisms: increased conductance of potassium delayed-rectifier and decreased conductance of Na-K-pump and depolarized membrane potential. When the membrane potential is unchanged, opposite changes in Na-K-pump and ion channels generate the same effect. Significance Our study suggests that not one single mechanism accounts for pain-relevant changes in CMi-fibers, but a combination of mechanisms. A depolarized membrane potential, as previously observed in patients with neuropathic pain, leads to changes in the contribution of ion channels and the Na-K-pump. Thus, when searching for targets for the treatment of neuropathic pain, combinations of several molecules in interplay with the membrane potential should be regarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maxion
- Research Group Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research within the Faculty of Medicine at the RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Kutafina
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maike F. Dohrn
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pierre Sacré
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jenny Tigerholm
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Barbara Namer
- Research Group Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research within the Faculty of Medicine at the RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neurophysiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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14
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Bouchatta O, Brodzki M, Manouze H, Carballo GB, Kindström E, de-Faria FM, Yu H, Kao AR, Thorell O, Liljencrantz J, Ng KKW, Frangos E, Ragnemalm B, Saade D, Bharucha-Goebel D, Szczot I, Moore W, Terejko K, Cole J, Bonnemann C, Luo W, Mahns DA, Larsson M, Gerling GJ, Marshall AG, Chesler AT, Olausson H, Nagi SS, Szczot M. PIEZO2-dependent rapid pain system in humans and mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.01.569650. [PMID: 38168273 PMCID: PMC10760115 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.569650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The PIEZO2 ion channel is critical for transducing light touch into neural signals but is not considered necessary for transducing acute pain in humans. Here, we discovered an exception - a form of mechanical pain evoked by hair pulling. Based on observations in a rare group of individuals with PIEZO2 deficiency syndrome, we demonstrated that hair-pull pain is dependent on PIEZO2 transduction. Studies in control participants showed that hair-pull pain triggered a distinct nocifensive response, including a nociceptive reflex. Observations in rare Aβ deafferented individuals and nerve conduction block studies in control participants revealed that hair-pull pain perception is dependent on Aβ input. Single-unit axonal recordings revealed that a class of cooling-responsive myelinated nociceptors in human skin is selectively tuned to painful hair-pull stimuli. Further, we pharmacologically mapped these nociceptors to a specific transcriptomic class. Finally, using functional imaging in mice, we demonstrated that in a homologous nociceptor, Piezo2 is necessary for high-sensitivity, robust activation by hair-pull stimuli. Together, we have demonstrated that hair-pulling evokes a distinct type of pain with conserved behavioral, neural, and molecular features across humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otmane Bouchatta
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Marek Brodzki
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Houria Manouze
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gabriela B. Carballo
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Emma Kindström
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Felipe M. de-Faria
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Huasheng Yu
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Anika R. Kao
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Oumie Thorell
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jaquette Liljencrantz
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kevin K. W. Ng
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Eleni Frangos
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Bengt Ragnemalm
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dimah Saade
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Diana Bharucha-Goebel
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Ilona Szczot
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Warren Moore
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Katarzyna Terejko
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Biology of Astrocytes Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network - PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jonathan Cole
- University Hospitals, Dorset, and University of Bournemouth, UK
| | - Carsten Bonnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Wenquin Luo
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - David A. Mahns
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Max Larsson
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gregory J. Gerling
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Andrew G. Marshall
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Alexander T. Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Håkan Olausson
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Saad S. Nagi
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Senior author
| | - Marcin Szczot
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Senior author
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15
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Párraga JP, Castellanos A. A Manifesto in Defense of Pain Complexity: A Critical Review of Essential Insights in Pain Neuroscience. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7080. [PMID: 38002692 PMCID: PMC10672144 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain has increasingly become a significant health challenge, not just as a symptomatic manifestation but also as a pathological condition with profound socioeconomic implications. Despite the expansion of medical interventions, the prevalence of chronic pain remains remarkably persistent, prompting a turn towards non-pharmacological treatments, such as therapeutic education, exercise, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. With the advent of cognitive neuroscience, pain is often presented as a primary output derived from the brain, aligning with Engel's Biopsychosocial Model that views disease not solely from a biological perspective but also considering psychological and social factors. This paradigm shift brings forward potential misconceptions and over-simplifications. The current review delves into the intricacies of nociception and pain perception. It questions long-standing beliefs like the cerebral-centric view of pain, the forgotten role of the peripheral nervous system in pain chronification, misconceptions around central sensitization syndromes, the controversy about the existence of a dedicated pain neuromatrix, the consciousness of the pain experience, and the possible oversight of factors beyond the nervous system. In re-evaluating these aspects, the review emphasizes the critical need for understanding the complexity of pain, urging the scientific and clinical community to move beyond reductionist perspectives and consider the multifaceted nature of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Picañol Párraga
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Barry AM, Zhao N, Yang X, Bennett DL, Baskozos G. Deep RNA-seq of male and female murine sensory neuron subtypes after nerve injury. Pain 2023; 164:2196-2215. [PMID: 37318015 PMCID: PMC10502896 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons have been well described for their role in driving both acute and chronic pain. Although nerve injury is known to cause transcriptional dysregulation, how this differs across neuronal subtypes and the impact of sex is unclear. Here, we study the deep transcriptional profiles of multiple murine DRG populations in early and late pain states while considering sex. We have exploited currently available transgenics to label numerous subpopulations for fluorescent-activated cell sorting and subsequent transcriptomic analysis. Using bulk tissue samples, we are able to circumvent the issues of low transcript coverage and drop-outs seen with single-cell data sets. This increases our power to detect novel and even subtle changes in gene expression within neuronal subtypes and discuss sexual dimorphism at the neuronal subtype level. We have curated this resource into an accessible database for other researchers ( https://livedataoxford.shinyapps.io/drg-directory/ ). We see both stereotyped and unique subtype signatures in injured states after nerve injury at both an early and late timepoint. Although all populations contribute to a general injury signature, subtype enrichment changes can also be seen. Within populations, there is not a strong intersection of sex and injury, but previously unknown sex differences in naïve states-particularly in Aβ-RA + Aδ-low threshold mechanoreceptors-still contribute to differences in injured neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Barry
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Na Zhao
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xun Yang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David L. Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Baskozos
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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17
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Lee PR, Kim J, Rossi HL, Chung S, Han SY, Kim J, Oh SB. Transcriptional profiling of dental sensory and proprioceptive trigeminal neurons using single-cell RNA sequencing. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:45. [PMID: 37749100 PMCID: PMC10519964 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental primary afferent (DPA) neurons and proprioceptive mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) neurons, located in the trigeminal ganglion and the brainstem, respectively, are essential for controlling masticatory functions. Despite extensive transcriptomic studies on various somatosensory neurons, there is still a lack of knowledge about the molecular identities of these populations due to technical challenges in their circuit-validated isolation. Here, we employed high-depth single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in combination with retrograde tracing in mice to identify intrinsic transcriptional features of DPA and MTN neurons. Our transcriptome analysis revealed five major types of DPA neurons with cell type-specific gene enrichment, some of which exhibit unique mechano-nociceptive properties capable of transmitting nociception in response to innocuous mechanical stimuli in the teeth. Furthermore, we discovered cellular heterogeneity within MTN neurons that potentially contribute to their responsiveness to mechanical stretch in the masseter muscle spindles. Additionally, DPA and MTN neurons represented sensory compartments with distinct molecular profiles characterized by various ion channels, receptors, neuropeptides, and mechanoreceptors. Together, our study provides new biological insights regarding the highly specialized mechanosensory functions of DPA and MTN neurons in pain and proprioception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pa Reum Lee
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Heather Lynn Rossi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sena Chung
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yub Han
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Junhyong Kim
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Seog Bae Oh
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Liu L, Zhao Y, An W, Zhao M, Ding N, Liu H, Ge N, Wen J, Zhang X, Zu S, Sun W. Piezo2 Channel Upregulation is Involved in Mechanical Allodynia in CYP-Induced Cystitis Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5000-5012. [PMID: 37227654 PMCID: PMC10415424 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical sensing Piezo2 channel in primary sensory neurons has been shown contribute to mechanical allodynia in somatic chronic pain conditions. Interstitial cystitis (IC)-associated pain is often triggered by bladder filling, a presentation that mimics the mechanical allodynia. In the present study, we aimed to examine the involvement of sensory Piezo2 channel in IC-associated mechanical allodynia using a commonly employed cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced IC model rat. Piezo2 channels in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) was knocked down by intrathecal injections of Piezo2 anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) in CYP-induced cystitis rats, and mechanical stimulation-evoked referred bladder pain was measured in the lower abdomen overlying the bladder using von Frey filaments. Piezo2 expression at the mRNA, protein, and functional levels in DRG neurons innervating the bladder was detected by RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and Ca2+ imaging, respectively. We found that Piezo2 channels were expressed on most (> 90%) of the bladder primary afferents, including afferents that express CGRP, TRPV1 and stained with isolectin B4. CYP-induced cystitis was associated with Piezo2 upregulation in bladder afferent neurons at the mRNA, protein, and functional levels. Knockdown of Piezo2 expression in DRG neurons significantly suppressed mechanical stimulation-evoked referred bladder pain as well as bladder hyperactivity in CYP rats compared to CYP rats treated with mismatched ODNs. Our results suggest upregulation of Piezo2 channels is involved in the development of bladder mechanical allodynia and bladder hyperactivity in CYP-induced cystitis. Targeting Piezo2 might be an attractive therapeutic approach for IC-related bladder pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wenhan An
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Hanwen Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Nan Ge
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Jiliang Wen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Xiulin Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Shulu Zu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China
| | - Wendong Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250032, P. R. China.
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19
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Duan M, Jia Y, Huo L, Gao Y, Wang J, Zhang W, Jia Z. Potentiation of PIEZO2 mechanically-activated currents in sensory neurons mediates vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3365-3381. [PMID: 37655331 PMCID: PMC10466006 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vincristine, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for treating different cancer, often induces severe peripheral neuropathic pain. A common symptom of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathic pain is mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. However, mechanisms underlying vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia are not well understood. In the present study, we show with behavioral assessment in rats that vincristine induces mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in a PIEZO2 channel-dependent manner since gene knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of PIEZO2 channels alleviates vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Electrophysiological results show that vincristine potentiates PIEZO2 rapidly adapting (RA) mechanically-activated (MA) currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We have found that vincristine-induced potentiation of PIEZO2 MA currents is due to the enhancement of static plasma membrane tension (SPMT) of these cells following vincristine treatment. Reducing SPMT of DRG neurons by cytochalasin D (CD), a disruptor of the actin filament, abolishes vincristine-induced potentiation of PIEZO2 MA currents, and suppresses vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in rats. Collectively, enhancing SPMT and subsequently potentiating PIEZO2 MA currents in primary afferent neurons may be an underlying mechanism responsible for vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in rats. Targeting to inhibit PIEZO2 channels may be an effective analgesic method to attenuate vincristine-induced mechanical hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Center of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yurui Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Center of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Lifang Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Center of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yiting Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Center of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Center of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Zhanfeng Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Center of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, Institute of Medical Science and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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20
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Kupari J, Ernfors P. Molecular taxonomy of nociceptors and pruriceptors. Pain 2023; 164:1245-1257. [PMID: 36718807 PMCID: PMC10184562 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Kupari
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Ernfors
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Wang L, Su X, Yan J, Wu Q, Xu X, Wang X, Liu X, Song X, Zhang Z, Hu W, Liu X, Zhang Y. Involvement of Mrgprd-expressing nociceptors-recruited spinal mechanisms in nerve injury-induced mechanical allodynia. iScience 2023; 26:106764. [PMID: 37250305 PMCID: PMC10214713 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia are intractable symptoms lacking effective clinical treatments in patients with neuropathic pain. However, whether and how mechanically responsive non-peptidergic nociceptors are involved remains elusive. Here, we showed that von Frey-evoked static allodynia and aversion, along with mechanical hyperalgesia after spared nerve injury (SNI) were reduced by ablation of MrgprdCreERT2-marked neurons. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that SNI-opened Aβ-fiber inputs to laminae I-IIo and vIIi, as well as C-fiber inputs to vIIi, were all attenuated in Mrgprd-ablated mice. In addition, priming chemogenetic or optogenetic activation of Mrgprd+ neurons drove mechanical allodynia and aversion to low-threshold mechanical stimuli, along with mechanical hyperalgesia. Mechanistically, gated Aβ and C inputs to vIIi were opened, potentially via central sensitization by dampening potassium currents. Altogether, we uncovered the involvement of Mrgprd+ nociceptors in nerve injury-induced mechanical pain and dissected the underlying spinal mechanisms, thus providing insights into potential therapeutic targets for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Xiaojing Su
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Jinjin Yan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Qiaofeng Wu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
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22
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Schaefer I, Verkest C, Vespermann L, Mair T, Voß H, Zeitzschel N, Lechner SG. Protein kinase A mediates modality-specific modulation of the mechanically-gated ion channel PIEZO2. J Biol Chem 2023:104782. [PMID: 37146970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase A is a downstream effector of many inflammatory mediators that induce pain hypersensitivity by increasing the mechanosensitivity of nociceptive sensory afferent. Here we examine the molecular mechanism underlying protein kinase-A-dependent modulation of the mechanically-activated ion channel PIEZO2, which confers mechanosensitivity to many nociceptors. Using phosphorylation site prediction algorithms, we identified multiple putative and highly conserved PKA phosphorylation sites located on intracellular intrinsically disordered regions of PIEZO2. Site-directed mutagenesis and patch-clamp recordings showed that substitution of one or multiple putative PKA sites within a single intracellular domain does not alter PKA-induced PIEZO2 sensitization, whereas mutation of a combination of nine putative sites located on four different intracellular regions completely abolishes PKA-dependent PIEZO2 modulation, though it remains unclear whether all or just some of these nine sites are required. By demonstrating that PIEZO1 is not modulated by PKA, our data also reveals a previously unrecognized functional difference between PIEZO1 and PIEZO2. Moreover, by demonstrating that PKA only modulates PIEZO2 currents evoked by focal mechanical indentation of the cell, but not currents evoked by pressure-induced membrane stretch, we provide evidence suggesting that PIEZO2 is a polymodal mechanosensor that engages different protein domains for detecting different types of mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clement Verkest
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Vespermann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Mair
- Section for Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Voß
- Section for Mass-Spectrometry and Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nadja Zeitzschel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan G Lechner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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23
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Obeidat AM, Wood MJ, Adamczyk NS, Ishihara S, Li J, Wang L, Ren D, Bennett DA, Miller RJ, Malfait AM, Miller RE. Piezo2 expressing nociceptors mediate mechanical sensitization in experimental osteoarthritis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2479. [PMID: 37120427 PMCID: PMC10148822 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-opioid targets are needed for addressing osteoarthritis pain, which is mechanical in nature and associated with daily activities such as walking and climbing stairs. Piezo2 has been implicated in the development of mechanical pain, but the mechanisms by which this occurs remain poorly understood, including the role of nociceptors. Here we show that nociceptor-specific Piezo2 conditional knock-out mice were protected from mechanical sensitization associated with inflammatory joint pain in female mice, joint pain associated with osteoarthritis in male mice, as well as both knee swelling and joint pain associated with repeated intra-articular injection of nerve growth factor in male mice. Single cell RNA sequencing of mouse lumbar dorsal root ganglia and in situ hybridization of mouse and human lumbar dorsal root ganglia revealed that a subset of nociceptors co-express Piezo2 and Ntrk1 (the gene that encodes the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA). These results suggest that nerve growth factor-mediated sensitization of joint nociceptors, which is critical for osteoarthritic pain, is also dependent on Piezo2, and targeting Piezo2 may represent a therapeutic option for osteoarthritis pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia M Obeidat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Matthew J Wood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Natalie S Adamczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Shingo Ishihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Lai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Dongjun Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Richard J Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Malfait
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Rachel E Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA.
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24
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Hovhannisyan AH, Lindquist K, Belugin S, Mecklenburg J, Ibrahim T, Tram M, Corey T, Salmon A, Ruparel S, Ruparel S, Akopian A. Sensory innervation of masseter, temporal and lateral pterygoid muscles in common marmosets. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.528062. [PMID: 36798270 PMCID: PMC9934658 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.528062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Myogenous temporomandibular disorders (TMDM) is associated with an increased responsiveness of nerves innervating the masseter (MM), temporal (TM), medial pterygoid (MPM) and lateral pterygoid muscles (LPM). This study aimed to examine sensory nerve types innervating MM, TM and LPM of adult non-human primate - common marmosets. Sensory nerves are localized in specific regions of these muscles. Pgp9.5, marker for all nerves, and NFH, a marker for A-fibers, showed that masticatory muscles were predominantly innervated with A-fibers. The proportion of C- to A-fibers was highest in LPM, and minimal (6-8%) in MM. All C-fibers (pgp9.5+/NFH-) observed in masticatory muscles were peptidergic (CGRP+) and lacked mrgprD, trpV1 and CHRNA3, a silent nociceptive marker. All fibers in masticatory muscles were labeled with GFAP+, a myelin sheath marker. There were substantially more peptidergic A-fibers (CGRP+/NFH+) in TM and LPM compared to MM. Almost all A-fibers in MM expressed trkC, with some of them having trkB and parvalbumin. In contrast, a lesser number of TM and LPM nerves expressed trkC, and lacked trkB. Tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies, which did not label TG, highlighted sympathetic fibers around blood vessels of the masticatory muscles. Overall, masticatory muscle types of marmosets have distinct and different innervation patterns.
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25
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Qi L, Iskols M, Shi D, Reddy P, Walker C, Lezgiyeva K, Voisin T, Pawlak M, Kuchroo VK, Chiu I, Ginty DD, Sharma N. A DRG genetic toolkit reveals molecular, morphological, and functional diversity of somatosensory neuron subtypes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.22.537932. [PMID: 37131664 PMCID: PMC10153270 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.22.537932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical and thermal stimuli acting on the skin are detected by morphologically and physiologically distinct sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Achieving a holistic view of how this diverse neuronal population relays sensory information from the skin to the central nervous system (CNS) has been challenging with existing tools. Here, we used transcriptomic datasets of the mouse DRG to guide development and curation of a genetic toolkit to interrogate transcriptionally defined DRG neuron subtypes. Morphological analysis revealed unique cutaneous axon arborization areas and branching patterns of each subtype. Physiological analysis showed that subtypes exhibit distinct thresholds and ranges of responses to mechanical and/or thermal stimuli. The somatosensory neuron toolbox thus enables comprehensive phenotyping of most principal sensory neuron subtypes. Moreover, our findings support a population coding scheme in which the activation thresholds of morphologically and physiologically distinct cutaneous DRG neuron subtypes tile multiple dimensions of stimulus space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Qi
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Michael Iskols
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David Shi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Pranav Reddy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Christopher Walker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Karina Lezgiyeva
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Tiphaine Voisin
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mathias Pawlak
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vijay K. Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David D. Ginty
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY
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26
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Nees TA, Wang N, Adamek P, Zeitzschel N, Verkest C, La Porta C, Schaefer I, Virnich J, Balkaya S, Prato V, Morelli C, Begay V, Lee YJ, Tappe-Theodor A, Lewin GR, Heppenstall PA, Taberner FJ, Lechner SG. Role of TMEM100 in mechanically insensitive nociceptor un-silencing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1899. [PMID: 37019973 PMCID: PMC10076432 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37602-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanically silent nociceptors are sensory afferents that are insensitive to noxious mechanical stimuli under normal conditions but become sensitized to such stimuli during inflammation. Using RNA-sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR we demonstrate that inflammation upregulates the expression of the transmembrane protein TMEM100 in silent nociceptors and electrophysiology revealed that over-expression of TMEM100 is required and sufficient to un-silence silent nociceptors in mice. Moreover, we show that mice lacking TMEM100 do not develop secondary mechanical hypersensitivity-i.e., pain hypersensitivity that spreads beyond the site of inflammation-during knee joint inflammation and that AAV-mediated overexpression of TMEM100 in articular afferents in the absence of inflammation is sufficient to induce mechanical hypersensitivity in remote skin regions without causing knee joint pain. Thus, our work identifies TMEM100 as a key regulator of silent nociceptor un-silencing and reveals a physiological role for this hitherto enigmatic afferent subclass in triggering spatially remote secondary mechanical hypersensitivity during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo A Nees
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department for Orthopeadics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Na Wang
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Pavel Adamek
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nadja Zeitzschel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clement Verkest
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carmen La Porta
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irina Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julie Virnich
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Selin Balkaya
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Prato
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chiara Morelli
- SISSA: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valerie Begay
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Young Jae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Gary R Lewin
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul A Heppenstall
- SISSA: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francisco J Taberner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Instituto de Neurosciencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández - CSIC, Alicante, Spain
| | - Stefan G Lechner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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27
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Ruiz-Cantero MC, Cortés-Montero E, Jain A, Montilla-García Á, Bravo-Caparrós I, Shim J, Sánchez-Blázquez P, Woolf CJ, Baeyens JM, Cobos EJ. The sigma-1 receptor curtails endogenous opioid analgesia during sensitization of TRPV1 nociceptors. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:1148-1167. [PMID: 36478100 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Peripheral sensitization contributes to pathological pain. While prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nerve growth factor (NGF) sensitize peptidergic C-nociceptors (TRPV1+), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) sensitizes non-peptidergic C-neurons (IB4+). The sigma-1 receptor (sigma-1R) is a Ca2+ -sensing chaperone known to modulate opoid analgesia. This receptor binds both to TRPV1 and the μ opioid receptor, although the functional repercussions of these physical interactions in peripheral sensitization are unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We tested the effects of sigma-1 antagonism on PGE2-, NGF-, and GDNF-induced mechanical and heat hyperalgesia in mice. We used immunohistochemistry to determine the presence of endomorphin-2, an endogenous μ receptor agonist, on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Recombinant proteins were used to study the interactions between sigma-1R, μ- receptor, and TRPV1. We used calcium imaging to study the effects of sigma-1 antagonism on PGE2-induced sensitization of TRPV1+ nociceptors. KEY RESULTS Sigma1 antagonists reversed PGE2- and NGF-induced hyperalgesia but not GDNF-induced hyperalgesia. Endomorphin-2 was detected on TRPV1+ but not on IB4+ neurons. Peripheral opioid receptor antagonism by naloxone methiodide or administration of an anti-endomorphin-2 antibody to a sensitized paw reversed the antihyperalgesia induced by sigma-1 antagonists. Sigma-1 antagonism transfers sigma-1R from TRPV1 to μ receptors, suggesting that sigma-1R participate in TRPV1-μ receptor crosstalk. Moreover, sigma-1 antagonism reversed, in a naloxone-sensitive manner, PGE2-induced sensitization of DRG neurons to the calcium flux elicited by capsaicin, the prototypic TRPV1 agonist. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Sigma-1 antagonism harnesses endogenous opioids produced by TRPV1+ neurons to reduce hyperalgesia by increasing μ receptor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Ruiz-Cantero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Elsa Cortés-Montero
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aakanksha Jain
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ángeles Montilla-García
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Bravo-Caparrós
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jaehoon Shim
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Blázquez
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Neuropharmacology, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José M Baeyens
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique J Cobos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain.,Teófilo Hernando Institute for Drug Discovery, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Xie Z, Feng J, Hibberd TJ, Chen BN, Zhao Y, Zang K, Hu X, Yang X, Chen L, Brookes SJ, Spencer NJ, Hu H. Piezo2 channels expressed by colon-innervating TRPV1-lineage neurons mediate visceral mechanical hypersensitivity. Neuron 2023; 111:526-538.e4. [PMID: 36563677 PMCID: PMC9957938 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and obstructive bowel disorder (OBD) underlie the most prevalent forms of visceral pain. Although visceral pain can be generally provoked by mechanical distension/stretch, the mechanisms that underlie visceral mechanosensitivity in colon-innervating visceral afferents remain elusive. Here, we show that virally mediated ablation of colon-innervating TRPV1-expressing nociceptors markedly reduces colorectal distention (CRD)-evoked visceromotor response (VMR) in mice. Selective ablation of the stretch-activated Piezo2 channels from TRPV1 lineage neurons substantially reduces mechanically evoked visceral afferent action potential firing and CRD-induced VMR under physiological conditions, as well as in mouse models of zymosan-induced IBS and partial colon obstruction (PCO). Collectively, our results demonstrate that mechanosensitive Piezo2 channels expressed by TRPV1-lineage nociceptors powerfully contribute to visceral mechanosensitivity and nociception under physiological conditions and visceral hypersensitivity under pathological conditions in mice, uncovering potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Timothy J Hibberd
- Visceral Neurophysiology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bao Nan Chen
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kaikai Zang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xueming Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xingliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lvyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Simon J Brookes
- Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nick J Spencer
- Visceral Neurophysiology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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29
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Brierley SM, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Sarnelli G, Sharkey KA, Storr M, Tack J. Targeting the endocannabinoid system for the treatment of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:5-25. [PMID: 36168049 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00682-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The management of visceral pain in patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction, notably irritable bowel syndrome, presents a considerable clinical challenge, with few available treatment options. Patients are increasingly using cannabis and cannabinoids to control abdominal pain. Cannabis acts on receptors of the endocannabinoid system, an endogenous system of lipid mediators that regulates gastrointestinal function and pain processing pathways in health and disease. The endocannabinoid system represents a logical molecular therapeutic target for the treatment of pain in irritable bowel syndrome. Here, we review the physiological and pathophysiological functions of the endocannabinoid system with a focus on the peripheral and central regulation of gastrointestinal function and visceral nociception. We address the use of cannabinoids in pain management, comparing them to other treatment modalities, including opioids and neuromodulators. Finally, we discuss emerging therapeutic candidates targeting the endocannabinoid system for the treatment of pain in irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Giovanni Sarnelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Martin Storr
- Department of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,Zentrum für Endoskopie, Starnberg, Germany
| | - Jan Tack
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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30
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Morgan M, Thai J, Nencini S, Xu J, Ivanusic JJ. Stomatin-like protein 3 modulates the responses of Aδ, but not C fiber bone afferent neurons to noxious mechanical stimulation in an animal model of acute experimental bone pain. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231222407. [PMID: 38073226 PMCID: PMC10734363 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231222407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
STOML3 is a membrane bound scaffolding protein that has been shown to facilitate the opening of mechanically sensitive ion channels and contribute to noxious mechanical sensation, allodynia and hyperalgesia. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of STOML3 in noxious mechanical sensitivity of bone afferent neurons and carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in the bone. An in vivo, electrophysiological bone-nerve preparation was used to make recordings of the activity and sensitivity of bone afferent neurons that innervate the tibial marrow cavity in anaesthetised rats, in response to noxious mechanical stimuli delivered to the marrow cavity, before and after injection of either the STOML3 oligomerisation inhibitor OB-1 or vehicle, in either naïve animals or animals with carrageenan-induced inflammation of the marrow cavity. A dynamic weight-bearing apparatus was used to measure weight bearing in response to inflammatory pain before and after injection of OB-1 or saline into the tibial marrow cavity in the presence of carrageenan-induced inflammation. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that Aδ, but not C bone afferent neurons have a reduced discharge frequency in response to mechanical stimulation, and that carrageenan-induced sensitisation of Aδ, but not C bone afferent neurons was attenuated by inhibition of STOML3 oligomerisation with OB-1. Animals treated with OB-1 spent a significantly greater amount of time on the limb injected with carrageenan than animals treated with saline. Our findings demonstrate that inhibition of STOML3 oligomerisation reduces inflammatory bone pain by reducing the sensitivity of Aδ bone afferent neurons to mechanical stimulation. Targeting STOML3 may be an effective approach to reduce pain from noxious pressure and/or painful inflammatory pathology in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Morgan
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jenny Thai
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sara Nencini
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason J Ivanusic
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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31
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Khan S, Patra PH, Somerfield H, Benya-Aphikul H, Upadhya M, Zhang X. IQGAP1 promotes chronic pain by regulating the trafficking and sensitization of TRPA1 channels. Brain 2022:6881565. [PMID: 36477832 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPA1 channels have been implicated in mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in chronic pain. But how TRPA1 mediates this process is unclear. Here we show that IQ-motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is responsible using a combination of biochemical, molecular, Ca2+ imaging and behavioural approaches. TRPA1 and IQGAP1 bind to each other and are highly colocalised in sensory DRG neurons in mice. The expression of IQGAP1 but not TRPA1 is increased in chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, TRPA1 undergoes increased trafficking to the membrane of DRG neurons catalysed by the small GTPase Cdc42 associated with IQGAP1, leading to functional sensitization of the channel. Activation of PKA is also sufficient to evoke TRPA1 trafficking and sensitization. All these responses are, however, completely prevented in the absence of IQGAP1. Concordantly, deletion of IQGAP1 markedly reduces mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain in mice. IQGAP1 thus promotes chronic pain by coupling the trafficking and signalling machineries to TRPA1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakil Khan
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Pabitra H Patra
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Hannah Somerfield
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | | | - Manoj Upadhya
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Xuming Zhang
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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32
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Verkest C, Salinas M, Diochot S, Deval E, Lingueglia E, Baron A. Mechanisms of Action of the Peptide Toxins Targeting Human and Rodent Acid-Sensing Ion Channels and Relevance to Their In Vivo Analgesic Effects. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100709. [PMID: 36287977 PMCID: PMC9612379 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are voltage-independent H+-gated cation channels largely expressed in the nervous system of rodents and humans. At least six isoforms (ASIC1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4) associate into homotrimers or heterotrimers to form functional channels with highly pH-dependent gating properties. This review provides an update on the pharmacological profiles of animal peptide toxins targeting ASICs, including PcTx1 from tarantula and related spider toxins, APETx2 and APETx-like peptides from sea anemone, and mambalgin from snake, as well as the dimeric protein snake toxin MitTx that have all been instrumental to understanding the structure and the pH-dependent gating of rodent and human cloned ASICs and to study the physiological and pathological roles of native ASICs in vitro and in vivo. ASICs are expressed all along the pain pathways and the pharmacological data clearly support a role for these channels in pain. ASIC-targeting peptide toxins interfere with ASIC gating by complex and pH-dependent mechanisms sometimes leading to opposite effects. However, these dual pH-dependent effects of ASIC-inhibiting toxins (PcTx1, mambalgin and APETx2) are fully compatible with, and even support, their analgesic effects in vivo, both in the central and the peripheral nervous system, as well as potential effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Verkest
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miguel Salinas
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Sylvie Diochot
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Emmanuel Deval
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Eric Lingueglia
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
| | - Anne Baron
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), IPMC (Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), LabEx ICST (Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics), FHU InovPain (Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Innovative Solutions in Refractory Chronic Pain”), Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia-Antipolis, 06560 Nice, France
- Correspondence:
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33
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Schrenk-Siemens K, Pohle J, Rostock C, Abd El Hay M, Lam RM, Szczot M, Lu S, Chesler AT, Siemens J. Human Stem Cell-Derived TRPV1-Positive Sensory Neurons: A New Tool to Study Mechanisms of Sensitization. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182905. [PMID: 36139481 PMCID: PMC9497105 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensation, the detection and transduction of external and internal stimuli such as temperature or mechanical force, is vital to sustaining our bodily integrity. But still, some of the mechanisms of distinct stimuli detection and transduction are not entirely understood, especially when noxious perception turns into chronic pain. Over the past decade major progress has increased our understanding in areas such as mechanotransduction or sensory neuron classification. However, it is in particular the access to human pluripotent stem cells and the possibility of generating and studying human sensory neurons that has enriched the somatosensory research field. Based on our previous work, we describe here the generation of human stem cell-derived nociceptor-like cells. We show that by varying the differentiation strategy, we can produce different nociceptive subpopulations with different responsiveness to nociceptive stimuli such as capsaicin. Functional as well as deep sequencing analysis demonstrated that one protocol in particular allowed the generation of a mechano-nociceptive sensory neuron population, homogeneously expressing TRPV1. Accordingly, we find the cells to homogenously respond to capsaicin, to become sensitized upon inflammatory stimuli, and to respond to temperature stimulation. The efficient and homogenous generation of these neurons make them an ideal translational tool to study mechanisms of sensitization, also in the context of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schrenk-Siemens
- Department of Pharmacology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.S.-S.); (J.S.)
| | - Jörg Pohle
- Department of Pharmacology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Translational Disease Understanding, Grünenthal GmbH, Zieglerstr. 6, 52078 Aachen, Germany
| | - Charlotte Rostock
- Department of Pharmacology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Muad Abd El Hay
- Department of Pharmacology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute, Deutschordenstr. 46, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ruby M. Lam
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marcin Szczot
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 58330 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Shiying Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Oliver Wyman GmbH, Muellerstr. 3, 80469 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander T. Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jan Siemens
- Department of Pharmacology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.S.-S.); (J.S.)
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34
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TRPV1: A Common Denominator Mediating Antinociceptive and Antiemetic Effects of Cannabinoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710016. [PMID: 36077412 PMCID: PMC9456209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common medicinal claims for cannabis are relief from chronic pain, stimulation of appetite, and as an antiemetic. However, the mechanisms by which cannabis reduces pain and prevents nausea and vomiting are not fully understood. Among more than 450 constituents in cannabis, the most abundant cannabinoids are Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabinoids either directly or indirectly modulate ion channel function. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is an ion channel responsible for mediating several modalities of pain, and it is expressed in both the peripheral and the central pain pathways. Activation of TRPV1 in sensory neurons mediates nociception in the ascending pain pathway, while activation of TRPV1 in the central descending pain pathway, which involves the rostral ventral medulla (RVM) and the periaqueductal gray (PAG), mediates antinociception. TRPV1 channels are thought to be implicated in neuropathic/spontaneous pain perception in the setting of impaired descending antinociceptive control. Activation of TRPV1 also can cause the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and other neuropeptides/neurotransmitters from the peripheral and central nerve terminals, including the vagal nerve terminal innervating the gut that forms central synapses at the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). One of the adverse effects of chronic cannabis use is the paradoxical cannabis-induced hyperemesis syndrome (HES), which is becoming more common, perhaps due to the wider availability of cannabis-containing products and the chronic use of products containing higher levels of cannabinoids. Although, the mechanism of HES is unknown, the effective treatment options include hot-water hydrotherapy and the topical application of capsaicin, both activate TRPV1 channels and may involve the vagal-NTS and area postrema (AP) nausea and vomiting pathway. In this review, we will delineate the activation of TRPV1 by cannabinoids and their role in the antinociceptive/nociceptive and antiemetic/emetic effects involving the peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal structures.
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35
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Li W, Liu J, Chen A, Dai D, Zhao T, Liu Q, Song J, Xiong L, Gao XF. Shared nociceptive dorsal root ganglion neurons participating in acupoint sensitization. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:974007. [PMID: 36106140 PMCID: PMC9465389 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.974007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When the body is under pathological stress (injury or disease), the status of associated acupoints changes, including decreased pain threshold. Such changes in acupoint from a “silent” to an “active” state are considered “acupoint sensitization,” which has become an important indicator of acupoint selection. However, the mechanism of acupoint sensitization remains unclear. In this study, by retrograde tracing, morphological, chemogenetic, and behavioral methods, we found there are some dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons innervating the ST36 acupoint and ipsilateral hind paw (IHP) plantar simultaneously. Inhibition of these shared neurons induced analgesia in the complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) pain model and obstruction of nociceptive sensation in normal mice, and elevated the mechanical pain threshold (MPT) of ST36 acupoint in the CFA model. Excitation of shared neurons induced pain and declined the MPT of ST36 acupoint. Furthermore, most of the shared DRG neurons express TRPV1, a marker of nociceptive neurons. These results indicate that the shared nociceptive DRG neurons participate in ST36 acupoint sensitization in CFA-induced chronic pain. This raised a neural mechanism of acupoint sensitization at the level of primary sensory transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanrong Li
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiwen Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
| | - Danqing Dai
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianren Song
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lize Xiong,
| | - Xiao-Fei Gao
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Xiao-Fei Gao,
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36
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Corneal nerves and their role in dry eye pathophysiology. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109191. [PMID: 35850173 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the cornea is densely innervated, its nerves are integral not only to its structure but also to its pathophysiology. Corneal integrity depends on a protective tear film that is maintained by corneal sensation and the reflex arcs that control tearing and blinking. Furthermore, corneal nerves promote epithelial growth and local immunoregulation. Thus, corneal nerves constitute pillars of ocular surface homeostasis. Conversely, the abnormal tear film in dry eye favors corneal epithelial and nerve damage. The ensuing corneal nerve dysfunction contributes to dry eye progression, ocular pain and discomfort, and other neuropathic symptoms. Recent evidence from clinical studies and animal models highlight the significant but often overlooked neural dimension of dry eye pathophysiology. Herein, we review the anatomy and physiology of corneal nerves before exploring their role in the mechanisms of dry eye disease.
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Feng J, Zhao Y, Xie Z, Zang K, Sviben S, Hu X, Fitzpatrick JAJ, Wen L, Liu Y, Wang T, Lawson K, Liu Q, Yan Y, Dong X, Han L, Wu GF, Kim BS, Hu H. Miswiring of Merkel cell and pruriceptive C fiber drives the itch-scratch cycle. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn4819. [PMID: 35857641 PMCID: PMC9888006 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn4819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Itch sensation provokes the scratch reflex to protect us from harmful stimuli in the skin. Although scratching transiently relieves acute itch through activation of mechanoreceptors, it propagates the vicious itch-scratch cycle in chronic itch by further aggravating itch over time. Although well recognized clinically, the peripheral mechanisms underlying the itch-scratch cycle remain poorly understood. Here, we show that mechanical stimulation of the skin results in activation of the Piezo2 channels on Merkel cells that pathologically promotes spontaneous itch in experimental dry skin. Three-dimensional reconstruction and immunoelectron microscopy revealed structural alteration of MRGPRA3+ pruriceptor nerve endings directed toward Merkel cells in the setting of dry skin. Our results uncover a functional miswiring mechanism under pathologic conditions, resulting in touch receptors triggering the firing of pruriceptors in the skin to drive the itch-scratch cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China.,Corresponding author: and
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zili Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Kaikai Zang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sanja Sviben
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xueming Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - James A J Fitzpatrick
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Lu Wen
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Katy Lawson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Liang Han
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Gregory F Wu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Brian S Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch & Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine; Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Corresponding author: and
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Pidoux L, Delanoe K, Barbier J, Marchand F, Lingueglia E, Deval E. Single Subcutaneous Injection of Lysophosphatidyl-Choline Evokes ASIC3-Dependent Increases of Spinal Dorsal Horn Neuron Activity. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:880651. [PMID: 35774865 PMCID: PMC9239072 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.880651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidyl-choline (LPC), a member of the phospholipid family, is an emerging player in pain. It is known to modulate different pain-related ion channels, including Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 3 (ASIC3), a cationic channel mainly expressed in peripheral sensory neurons. LPC potentiates ASIC3 current evoked by mild acidifications, but can also activate the channel at physiological pH. Very recently, LPC has been associated to chronic pain in patients suffering from fibromyalgia or osteoarthritis. Accordingly, repetitive injections of LPC within mouse muscle or joint generate both persistent pain-like and anxiety-like behaviors in an ASIC3-dependent manner. LPC has also been reported to generate acute pain behaviors when injected intraplantarly in rodents. Here, we explore the mechanism of action of a single cutaneous injection of LPC by studying its effects on spinal dorsal horn neurons. We combine pharmacological, molecular and functional approaches including in vitro patch clamp recordings and in vivo recordings of spinal neuronal activity. We show that a single cutaneous injection of LPC exclusively affects the nociceptive pathway, inducing an ASIC3-dependent sensitization of nociceptive fibers that leads to hyperexcitabilities of both high threshold (HT) and wide dynamic range (WDR) spinal neurons. ASIC3 is involved in LPC-induced increase of WDR neuron’s windup as well as in WDR and HT neuron’s mechanical hypersensitivity, and it participates, together with TRPV1, to HT neuron’s thermal hypersensitivity. The nociceptive input induced by a single LPC cutaneous rather induces short-term sensitization, contrary to previously described injections in muscle and joint. If the effects of peripheral LPC on nociceptive pathways appear to mainly depend on peripheral ASIC3 channels, their consequences on pain may also depend on the tissue injected. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the nociceptive signaling pathway activated by peripheral LPC via ASIC3 channels, which is an important step regarding the ASIC3-dependent roles of this phospholipid in acute and chronic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Pidoux
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France
| | - Kevin Delanoe
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France
| | - Julie Barbier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1107 Neuro-Dol, Pharmacologie Fondamentale et Clinique de la Douleur, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabien Marchand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1107 Neuro-Dol, Pharmacologie Fondamentale et Clinique de la Douleur, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eric Lingueglia
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France
| | - Emmanuel Deval
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, LabEx ICST, FHU InovPain, Valbonne, France
- *Correspondence: Emmanuel Deval,
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Carta G, Fornasari BE, Fregnan F, Ronchi G, De Zanet S, Muratori L, Nato G, Fogli M, Gambarotta G, Geuna S, Raimondo S. Neurodynamic Treatment Promotes Mechanical Pain Modulation in Sensory Neurons and Nerve Regeneration in Rats. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061296. [PMID: 35740318 PMCID: PMC9220043 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Somatic nerve injuries are a rising problem leading to disability associated with neuropathic pain commonly reported as mechanical allodynia (MA) and hyperalgesia. These symptoms are strongly dependent on specific processes in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Neurodynamic treatment (NDT), consisting of selective uniaxial nerve repeated tension protocols, effectively reduces pain and disability in neuropathic pain patients even though the biological mechanisms remain poorly characterized. We aimed to define, both in vivo and ex vivo, how NDT could promote nerve regeneration and modulate some processes in the DRG linked to MA and hyperalgesia. Methods: We examined in Wistar rats, after unilateral median and ulnar nerve crush, the therapeutic effects of NDT and the possible protective effects of NDT administered for 10 days before the injury. We adopted an ex vivo model of DRG organotypic explant subjected to NDT to explore the selective effects on DRG cells. Results: Behavioural tests, morphological and morphometrical analyses, and gene and protein expression analyses were performed, and these tests revealed that NDT promotes nerve regeneration processes, speeds up sensory motor recovery, and modulates mechanical pain by affecting, in the DRG, the expression of TACAN, a mechanosensitive receptor shared between humans and rats responsible for MA and hyperalgesia. The ex vivo experiments have shown that NDT increases neurite regrowth and confirmed the modulation of TACAN. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study on the biological and molecular mechanisms induced by NDT will allow the exploration, in future clinical trials, of its efficacy in different conditions of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Carta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, ASST (Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriali) Nord Milano, Sesto San Giovanni Hospital, Sesto San Giovanni, 20099 Milano, Italy
| | - Benedetta Elena Fornasari
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Federica Fregnan
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)1-1670-5433; Fax: +39-(0)1-1903-8639
| | - Giulia Ronchi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Stefano De Zanet
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
| | - Luisa Muratori
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Giulia Nato
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Fogli
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gambarotta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.C.); (B.E.F.); (G.R.); (S.D.Z.); (L.M.); (G.G.); (S.G.); (S.R.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (G.N.); (M.F.)
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40
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Cui X, Liu K, Gao X, Zhu B. Advancing the Understanding of Acupoint Sensitization and Plasticity Through Cutaneous C-Nociceptors. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:822436. [PMID: 35620665 PMCID: PMC9127573 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.822436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupoint is the key area for needling treatment, but its physiology is not yet understood. Nociceptors, one of the responders in acupoints, are responsible for acupuncture manipulation and delivering acupuncture signals to the spinal or supraspinal level. Recent evidence has shown that various diseases led to sensory hypersensitivity and functional plasticity in sensitized acupoints, namely, acupoint sensitization. Neurogenic inflammation is the predominant pathological characteristic for sensitized acupoints; however, the underlying mechanism in acupoint sensitization remains unclear. Recent studies have reported that silent C-nociceptors (SNs), a subtype of C nociceptors, can be “awakened” by inflammatory substances released by sensory terminals and immune cells under tissue injury or visceral dysfunction. SNs can transform from mechano-insensitive nociceptors in a healthy state to mechanosensitive nociceptors. Activated SNs play a vital role in sensory and pain modulation and can amplify sensory inputs from the injured tissue and then mediate sensory hyperalgesia. Whether activated SNs is involved in the mechanism of acupoint sensitization and contributes to the delivery of mechanical signals from needling manipulation remains unclear? In this review, we discuss the known functions of cutaneous C nociceptors and SNs and focus on recent studies highlighting the role of activated SNs in acupoint functional plasticity.
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Erin N, Shurin GV, Baraldi JH, Shurin MR. Regulation of Carcinogenesis by Sensory Neurons and Neuromediators. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092333. [PMID: 35565462 PMCID: PMC9102554 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sensory nerve fibers extensively innervate the entire body. They are the first to sense danger signals, including the ones coming from newly formed cancer cells. Various studies have demonstrated that the inactivation of sensory nerve fibers as well as the vagus nerve enhances tumor growth and spread in models including breast, pancreatic, and gastric cancer. On the other hand, there are also contradictory findings that show the opposite, namely that the inactivation of nerve fibers inhibits tumor growth. These discrepancies are likely caused by the stage and the level of aggressiveness of the tumor model used. Hence, further studies are required to determine the factors involved in neuro-immunological mechanisms of tumor growth and spread. Abstract Interactions between the immune system and the nervous system are crucial in maintaining homeostasis, and disturbances of these neuro-immune interactions may participate in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Nerve endings have been identified within solid tumors in humans and experimental animals. Although the involvement of the efferent sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation in carcinogenesis has been extensively investigated, the role of the afferent sensory neurons and the neuropeptides in tumor development, growth, and progression is recently appreciated. Similarly, current findings point to the significant role of Schwann cells as part of neuro-immune interactions. Hence, in this review, we mainly focus on local and systemic effects of sensory nerve activity as well as Schwann cells in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Specific denervation of vagal sensory nerve fibers, or vagotomy, in animal models, has been reported to markedly increase lung metastases of breast carcinoma as well as pancreatic and gastric tumor growth, with the formation of liver metastases demonstrating the protective role of vagal sensory fibers against cancer. Clinical studies have revealed that patients with gastric ulcers who have undergone a vagotomy have a greater risk of stomach, colorectal, biliary tract, and lung cancers. Protective effects of vagal activity have also been documented by epidemiological studies demonstrating that high vagal activity predicts longer survival rates in patients with colon, non-small cell lung, prostate, and breast cancers. However, several studies have reported that inhibition of sensory neuronal activity reduces the development of solid tumors, including prostate, gastric, pancreatic, head and neck, cervical, ovarian, and skin cancers. These contradictory findings are likely to be due to the post-nerve injury-induced activation of systemic sensory fibers, the level of aggressiveness of the tumor model used, and the local heterogeneity of sensory fibers. As the aggressiveness of the tumor model and the level of the inflammatory response increase, the protective role of sensory nerve fibers is apparent and might be mostly due to systemic alterations in the neuro-immune response. Hence, more insights into inductive and permissive mechanisms, such as systemic, cellular neuro-immunological mechanisms of carcinogenesis and metastasis formation, are needed to understand the role of sensory neurons in tumor growth and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Erin
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Immunopharmacology, and Immuno-Oncology Unit, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
- Correspondence:
| | - Galina V. Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15213 PA, USA; (G.V.S.); (M.R.S.)
| | - James H. Baraldi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15213 PA, USA;
| | - Michael R. Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15213 PA, USA; (G.V.S.); (M.R.S.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, 15213 PA, USA
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Wood MJ, Miller RE, Malfait AM. The Genesis of Pain in Osteoarthritis: Inflammation as a Mediator of Osteoarthritis Pain. Clin Geriatr Med 2022; 38:221-238. [PMID: 35410677 PMCID: PMC9053380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a substantial personal and societal burden worldwide. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of chronic pain and is increasing in prevalence in accordance with a global aging population. In addition to affecting patients' physical lives, chronic pain also adversely affects patients' mental wellbeing. However, there remain no pharmacologic interventions to slow down the progression of OA and pain-alleviating therapies are largely unsuccessful. The presence of low-level inflammation in OA has been recognized for many years as a major pathogenic driver of joint damage. Inflammatory mechanisms can occur locally in joint tissues, such as the synovium, within the sensory nervous system, as well as systemically, caused by modifiable and unmodifiable factors. Understanding how inflammation may contribute to, and modify pain in OA will be instrumental in identifying new druggable targets for analgesic therapies. In this narrative review, we discuss recent insights into inflammatory mechanisms in OA pain. We discuss how local inflammation in the joint can contribute to mechanical sensitization and to the structural neuroplasticity of joint nociceptors, through pro-inflammatory factors such as nerve growth factor, cytokines, and chemokines. We consider the role of synovitis, and the amplifying mechanisms of neuroimmune interactions. We then explore emerging evidence around the role of neuroinflammation in the dorsal root ganglia and dorsal horn. Finally, we discuss how systemic inflammation associated with obesity may modify OA pain and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Room 340, 1735 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Rachel E Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Room 714, 1735 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Malfait
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison Street, Suite 510, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Intrinsically disordered intracellular domains control key features of the mechanically-gated ion channel PIEZO2. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1365. [PMID: 35292651 PMCID: PMC8924262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A central question in mechanobiology is how mechanical forces acting in or on cells are transmitted to mechanically-gated PIEZO channels that convert these forces into biochemical signals. Here we examined the role of the intracellular domains of PIEZO2, which account for 25% of the channel, and demonstrate that these domains fine-tune properties such as poking and stretch-sensitivity, velocity coding and single channel conductance. Moreover, we show that the intrinsically disordered linker between the transmembrane helices twelve and thirteen (IDR5) is required for the activation of PIEZO2 by cytoskeleton-transmitted forces. The deletion of IDR5 abolishes PIEZO2-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth, while it only partially affected its sensitivity to cell indentation and does not alter its stretch sensitivity. Thus, we propose that PIEZO2 is a polymodal mechanosensor that detects different types of mechanical stimuli via different force transmission pathways, which highlights the importance of utilizing multiple complementary assays when investigating PIEZO function. A key question in mechanobiology is how mechanical forces are transmitted to PIEZO ion channels. Here, Verkest et al. identify an intracellular channel domain that is required for the activation of PIEZO2 by cytoskeleton-transmitted forces.
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44
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Ma Q. A functional subdivision within the somatosensory system and its implications for pain research. Neuron 2022; 110:749-769. [PMID: 35016037 PMCID: PMC8897275 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Somatosensory afferents are traditionally classified by soma size, myelination, and their response specificity to external and internal stimuli. Here, we propose the functional subdivision of the nociceptive somatosensory system into two branches. The exteroceptive branch detects external threats and drives reflexive-defensive reactions to prevent or limit injury. The interoceptive branch senses the disruption of body integrity, produces tonic pain with strong aversive emotional components, and drives self-caring responses toward to the injured region to reduce suffering. The central thesis behind this functional subdivision comes from a reflection on the dilemma faced by the pain research field, namely, the use of reflexive-defensive behaviors as surrogate assays for interoceptive tonic pain. The interpretation of these assays is now being challenged by the discovery of distinct but interwoven circuits that drive exteroceptive versus interoceptive types of behaviors, with the conflation of these two components contributing partially to the poor translation of therapies from preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufu Ma
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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45
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Tavares-Ferreira D, Shiers S, Ray PR, Wangzhou A, Jeevakumar V, Sankaranarayanan I, Cervantes AM, Reese JC, Chamessian A, Copits BA, Dougherty PM, Gereau RW, Burton MD, Dussor G, Price TJ. Spatial transcriptomics of dorsal root ganglia identifies molecular signatures of human nociceptors. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabj8186. [PMID: 35171654 PMCID: PMC9272153 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj8186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nociceptors are specialized sensory neurons that detect damaging or potentially damaging stimuli and are found in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia. These neurons are critical for the generation of neuronal signals that ultimately create the perception of pain. Nociceptors are also primary targets for treating acute and chronic pain. Single-cell transcriptomics on mouse nociceptors has transformed our understanding of pain mechanisms. We sought to generate equivalent information for human nociceptors with the goal of identifying transcriptomic signatures of nociceptors, identifying species differences and potential drug targets. We used spatial transcriptomics to molecularly characterize transcriptomes of single DRG neurons from eight organ donors. We identified 12 clusters of human sensory neurons, 5 of which are C nociceptors, as well as 1 C low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs), 1 Aβ nociceptor, 2 Aδ, 2 Aβ, and 1 proprioceptor subtypes. By focusing on expression profiles for ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and other pharmacological targets, we provided a rich map of potential drug targets in the human DRG with direct comparison to mouse sensory neuron transcriptomes. We also compared human DRG neuronal subtypes to nonhuman primates showing conserved patterns of gene expression among many cell types but divergence among specific nociceptor subsets. Last, we identified sex differences in human DRG subpopulation transcriptomes, including a marked increase in calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha (CALCA) expression in female pruritogen receptor-enriched nociceptors. This comprehensive spatial characterization of human nociceptors might open the door to development of better treatments for acute and chronic pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Tavares-Ferreira
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA.,Corresponding author: (T.J.P.); (D.T.-F.)
| | - Stephanie Shiers
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Pradipta R. Ray
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Andi Wangzhou
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Vivekanand Jeevakumar
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander Chamessian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bryan A. Copits
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Patrick M. Dougherty
- Department of Pain Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert W. Gereau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael D. Burton
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Gregory Dussor
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA.,Corresponding author: (T.J.P.); (D.T.-F.)
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Tavares-Ferreira D, Shiers S, Ray PR, Wangzhou A, Jeevakumar V, Sankaranarayanan I, Cervantes AM, Reese JC, Chamessian A, Copits BA, Dougherty PM, Gereau RW, Burton MD, Dussor G, Price TJ. Spatial transcriptomics of dorsal root ganglia identifies molecular signatures of human nociceptors. Sci Transl Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj8186\] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Nociceptors are specialized sensory neurons that detect damaging or potentially damaging stimuli and are found in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia. These neurons are critical for the generation of neuronal signals that ultimately create the perception of pain. Nociceptors are also primary targets for treating acute and chronic pain. Single-cell transcriptomics on mouse nociceptors has transformed our understanding of pain mechanisms. We sought to generate equivalent information for human nociceptors with the goal of identifying transcriptomic signatures of nociceptors, identifying species differences and potential drug targets. We used spatial transcriptomics to molecularly characterize transcriptomes of single DRG neurons from eight organ donors. We identified 12 clusters of human sensory neurons, 5 of which are C nociceptors, as well as 1 C low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs), 1 Aβ nociceptor, 2 Aδ, 2 Aβ, and 1 proprioceptor subtypes. By focusing on expression profiles for ion channels, G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), and other pharmacological targets, we provided a rich map of potential drug targets in the human DRG with direct comparison to mouse sensory neuron transcriptomes. We also compared human DRG neuronal subtypes to nonhuman primates showing conserved patterns of gene expression among many cell types but divergence among specific nociceptor subsets. Last, we identified sex differences in human DRG subpopulation transcriptomes, including a marked increase in calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha (
CALCA
) expression in female pruritogen receptor–enriched nociceptors. This comprehensive spatial characterization of human nociceptors might open the door to development of better treatments for acute and chronic pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Tavares-Ferreira
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Stephanie Shiers
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Pradipta R. Ray
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Andi Wangzhou
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Vivekanand Jeevakumar
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | | | | | - Alexander Chamessian
- Department of Anesthesiology , Washington University Pain Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bryan A. Copits
- Department of Anesthesiology , Washington University Pain Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Patrick M. Dougherty
- Department of Pain Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert W. Gereau
- Department of Anesthesiology , Washington University Pain Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael D. Burton
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Gregory Dussor
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX 75080, USA
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47
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Reeh PW, Fischer MJM. Nobel somatosensations and pain. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:405-420. [PMID: 35157132 PMCID: PMC8924131 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Nobel prices 2021 for Physiology and Medicine have been awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian "for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch", TRPV1 and PIEZO1/2. The present review tells the past history of the capsaicin receptor, covers further selected TRP channels, TRPA1 in particular, and deals with mechanosensitivity in general and mechanical hyperalgesia in particular. Other achievements of the laureates and translational aspects of their work are shortly treated.
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48
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Nemenov MI, Singleton JR, Premkumar LS. Role of Mechanoinsensitive Nociceptors in Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e081221198649. [PMID: 34879806 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666211208101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The cutaneous mechanisms that trigger spontaneous neuropathic pain in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) are far from clear. Two types of nociceptors are found within the epidermal and dermal skin layers. Small-diameter lightly myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C cutaneous mechano and heat-sensitive (AMH and CMH) and C mechanoinsensitive (CMi) nociceptors transmit pain from the periphery to central nervous system. AMH and CMH fibers are mainly located in the epidermis, and CMi fibers are distributed in the dermis. In DPN, dying back intra-epidermal AMH and CMH fibers leads to reduced pain sensitivity, and the patients exhibit significantly increased pain thresholds to acute pain when tested using traditional methods. The role of CMi fibers in painful neuropathies has not been fully explored. Microneurography has been the only tool to access CMi fibers and differentiate AMH, CMH, and CMi fiber types. Due to the complexity, its use is impractical in clinical settings. In contrast, a newly developed diode laser fiber selective stimulation (DLss) technique allows to safely and selectively stimulate Aδ and C fibers in the superficial and deep skin layers. DLss data demonstrate that patients with painful DPN have increased Aδ fiber pain thresholds, while C-fiber thresholds are intact because, in these patients, CMi fibers are abnormally spontaneously active. It is also possible to determine the involvement of CMi fibers by measuring the area of DLss-induced neurogenic axon reflex flare. The differences in AMH, CMH, and CMi fibers identify patients with painful and painless neuropathy. In this review, we will discuss the role of CMi fibers in PDPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail I Nemenov
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Lasmed LLC, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Louis S Premkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, SIU School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, USA and Ion Channel Pharmacology LLC, Springfield, IL, USA
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49
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Stucky CL, Mikesell AR. Cutaneous pain in disorders affecting peripheral nerves. Neurosci Lett 2021; 765:136233. [PMID: 34506882 PMCID: PMC8579816 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our ability to quickly detect and respond to harmful environmental stimuli is vital for our safety and survival. This inherent acute pain detection is a "gift" because it both protects our body from harm and allows healing of damaged tissues [1]. Damage to tissues from trauma or disease can result in distorted or amplified nociceptor signaling and sensitization of the spinal cord and brain (Central Nervous System; CNS) pathways to normal input from light touch mechanoreceptors. Together, these processes can result in nagging to unbearable chronic pain and extreme sensitivity to light skin touch (allodynia). Unlike acute protective pain, chronic pain and allodynia serve no useful purpose and can severely reduce the quality of life of an affected person. Chronic pain can arise from impairment to peripheral neurons, a phenomenon called "peripheral neuropathic pain." Peripheral neuropathic pain can be caused by many insults that directly affect peripheral sensory neurons, including mechanical trauma, metabolic imbalance (e.g., diabetes), autoimmune diseases, chemotherapeutic agents, viral infections (e.g., shingles). These insults cause "acquired" neuropathies such as small-fiber neuropathies, diabetic neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and post herpetic neuralgia. Peripheral neuropathic pain can also be caused by genetic factors and result in hereditary neuropathies that include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, rare channelopathies and Fabry disease. Many acquired and hereditary neuropathies affect the skin, our largest organ and protector of nearly our entire body. Here we review how cutaneous nociception (pain perceived from the skin) is altered following diseases that affect peripheral nerves that innervate the skin. We provide an overview of how noxious stimuli are detected and encoded by molecular transducers on subtypes of cutaneous afferent endings and conveyed to the CNS. Next, we discuss several acquired and hereditary diseases and disorders that cause painful or insensate (lack of sensation) cutaneous peripheral neuropathies, the symptoms and percepts patients experience, and how cutaneous afferents and other peripheral cell types are altered in function in these disorders. We highlight exciting new research areas that implicate non-neuronal skin cells, particularly keratinocytes, in cutaneous nociception and peripheral neuropathies. Finally, we conclude with ideas for innovative new directions, areas of unmet need, and potential opportunities for novel cutaneous therapeutics that may avoid CNS side effects, as well as ideas for improved translation of mechanisms identified in preclinical models to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L Stucky
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
| | - Alexander R Mikesell
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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50
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Parpaite T, Brosse L, Séjourné N, Laur A, Mechioukhi Y, Delmas P, Coste B. Patch-seq of mouse DRG neurons reveals candidate genes for specific mechanosensory functions. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109914. [PMID: 34731626 PMCID: PMC8578708 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of mechanosensory neurons are involved in touch, proprioception, and pain. Many molecular components of the mechanotransduction machinery subserving these sensory modalities remain to be discovered. Here, we combine recordings of mechanosensitive (MS) currents in mechanosensory neurons with single-cell RNA sequencing. Transcriptional profiles are mapped onto previously identified sensory neuron types to identify cell-type correlates between datasets. Correlation of current signatures with single-cell transcriptomes provides a one-to-one correspondence between mechanoelectric properties and transcriptomically defined neuronal populations. Moreover, a gene-expression differential comparison provides a set of candidate genes for mechanotransduction complexes. Piezo2 is expectedly found to be enriched in rapidly adapting MS current-expressing neurons, whereas Tmem120a and Tmem150c, thought to mediate slow-type MS currents, are uniformly expressed in all mechanosensory neuron subtypes. Further knockdown experiments disqualify them as mediating MS currents in sensory neurons. This dataset constitutes an open resource to explore further the cell-type-specific determinants of mechanosensory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Parpaite
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Lucie Brosse
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Nina Séjourné
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Amandine Laur
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | | | - Patrick Delmas
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - Bertrand Coste
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, 13344 Marseille, France.
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